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Types of Mixtures.notebook 1 March 21, 2012 Apr 46:08 PM Chapter 13 Solutions Types of Mixtures Goals Distinguish between heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures. List the different types of solute and solvent combinations. Compare the properties of solutions, colloids, and suspensions. Distinguish between electrolytes and nonelectrolytes. Apr 46:11 PM Types of Mixtures There are two basic types of mixtures (from Ch. 1) Heterogenous Nonuniform composition Usually can see multiple components Homogeneous Uniform composition Only see one component Apr 46:15 PM Heterogeneous Mixtures Types are based on particle size. Suspensions 1000 nm in diameter or larger Particles will settle unless the mixture is stirred constantly. Can be separated by filtration Apr 46:19 PM Colloids Particles are between 1 and 1000 nm in diameter. Particles are too small to settle to the bottom of a container. Particles are too small to be filtered in most situations. Apr 46:23 PM Types of Colloids Many colloids are very well known and used. Type Dispersed Phase Dispersing Medium Example Sol Solid Liquid Paint, Mud Gel Solid Liquid Gelatin Liquid Emulsion Liquid Liquid Milk, Mayonnaise Foam Gas Liquid Shaving cream Cool whip Solid Aerosol Solid Gas Smoke, Car exhaust Liquid Aerosol Liquid Gas Fog, Mist, Clouds, Aerosol sprays Solid Emulsion Liquid Solid Cheese, Butter Apr 46:34 PM Tyndall Effect The particles in a colloid are small enough that they can scatter light. Must be in a transparent medium like water Only colloids can scatter light in this fashion. Solutions cannot, even though both in some cases may look transparent.

Types of Mixtures.notebook - Dr. Campbell's Blog for ... of Mixtures.notebook 1 March 21, 2012 Apr 4 6:08 PM Chapter 13 Solutions Types of Mixtures Goals Distinguish between heterogeneous

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Page 1: Types of Mixtures.notebook - Dr. Campbell's Blog for ... of Mixtures.notebook 1 March 21, 2012 Apr 4 6:08 PM Chapter 13 Solutions Types of Mixtures Goals Distinguish between heterogeneous

Types of Mixtures.notebook

1

March 21, 2012

Apr 4­6:08 PM

Chapter 13 ­ Solutions

Types of Mixtures

Goals­ Distinguish between heterogeneous and homogeneous 

mixtures.­ List the different types of solute and solvent combinations.­ Compare the properties of solutions, colloids, and suspensions.­ Distinguish between electrolytes and nonelectrolytes.

Apr 4­6:11 PM

Types of Mixtures

There are two basic types of mixtures (from Ch. 1)­ Heterogenous

­ Non­uniform composition­ Usually can see multiple components

­ Homogeneous­ Uniform composition­ Only see one component

Apr 4­6:15 PM

Heterogeneous Mixtures

Types are based on particle size.

Suspensions­ 1000 nm in diameter or larger­ Particles will settle unless the mixture is stirred 

constantly.­ Can be separated by filtration

Apr 4­6:19 PM

Colloids­ Particles are between 1 and 1000 nm in diameter.­ Particles are too small to settle to the bottom

of a container.­ Particles are too small to be filtered in most situations.

Apr 4­6:23 PM

Types of Colloids

Many colloids are very well known and used.

Type  DispersedPhase 

DispersingMedium  Example 

Sol  Solid  Liquid  Paint, Mud 

Gel  Solid  Liquid  Gelatin 

Liquid Emulsion  Liquid  Liquid  Milk, Mayonnaise 

Foam  Gas  Liquid  Shaving creamCool whip 

SolidAerosol Solid  Gas  Smoke, 

Car exhaust 

Liquid Aerosol  Liquid  Gas  Fog, Mist, Clouds,

Aerosol sprays 

Solid Emulsion  Liquid  Solid  Cheese, Butter 

Apr 4­6:34 PM

Tyndall Effect

The particles in a colloid are small enough that they can scatter light.­ Must be in a transparent medium like water­ Only colloids can scatter light in this fashion.

­ Solutions cannot, even though both in some casesmay look transparent.

Page 2: Types of Mixtures.notebook - Dr. Campbell's Blog for ... of Mixtures.notebook 1 March 21, 2012 Apr 4 6:08 PM Chapter 13 Solutions Types of Mixtures Goals Distinguish between heterogeneous

Types of Mixtures.notebook

2

March 21, 2012

Apr 4­6:48 PM

The Tyndall effect in a natural setting.

Apr 4­6:50 PM

Solutions

Homogeneous mixtures are known as solutions.­ Particle size is less than 1 nm in diameter.­ Particles cannot be filtered.­ Particles are too small to be subject to the Tyndall

effect.­ Mixture can only be separated by performing a phase

change on the components.

Apr 4­6:55 PM

Parts of a solution

Solvent­ Dissolving medium­ Present in the greatest amount­ Can be any phase

Apr 4­7:00 PM

Parts of a solution

Solute­ Substance being dissolved­ Present in a lesser amount­ Can be any phase­ Solutions can have multiple solutes 

(but only one solvent)

Apr 4­7:04 PM

Types of Solutions­ Solutions can be any combination of phases­ The final solution phase will be the same as the solvent phase

Solute Phase  Solvent Phase  Solution Phase  Example 

Gas  Gas  Gas  Air 

Gas  Liquid  Liquid  Soda 

Liquid  Gas  Gas  Water Vapor in Air 

Gas  Solid  Solid  H2 in Pt 

Liquid  Liquid  Liquid  Alcohol Solutions 

Liquid  Solid  Solid  Dental Fillings 

Solid  Liquid  Liquid  Seawater 

Solid  Solid  Solid  Alloys 

Apr 4­7:13 PM

Types of Solutions

Two major classes­ Electrolytes

­ Can conduct electricity­ Ionic solutes

­ Nonelectrolytes­ Cannot conduct electricity­ Covalent solutes