UDDEHOLM VANCRON 40 SUPERCLEAN - Voestalpine · 2018. 4. 24. · sub-zero treated immediately after quenching to at least -70 °C (-95°F), soaking time 1–3 h, followed by tempering

UDDEHOLMVANCRON® 40 SUPERCLEAN

SS-EN ISO 9001SS-EN ISO 14001

This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide generalnotes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as a warranty ofspecific properties of the products described or a warranty for fitness for a particular purpose.

Classified according to EU Directive 1999/45/ECFor further information see our “Material Safety Data Sheets”.

Edition 10, Revised 01.2014, not printedThe latest revised edition of this brochure is the English version,which is always published on our web site www.uddeholm.com

UDDEHOLM VANCRON® 40 SUPERCLEAN

Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean is a nitrided powder tool steel, which means

that a “surface coating” is already integrated into the finished tooling material.

The result is a tool surface with very low friction that reduces galling or sticking

of the material.

Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean offers the possibility of eliminating time- and

cost-consuming surface coatings like CVD, PVD or TD. This is achieved already in

the manufacturing process of Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean by introducing

an extra nitriding operation.

Benefits for the tool user include improved and consistent quality of the manu-

factured parts, especially regarding the surfaces. More reliable delivery time and

higher utilization of the production equipment are also benefits, with fewer

disturbances and interruptions in production. Further improvements include

simplified maintenance, which can often be made in-house as no surface coating

is required; and as well, total tool life is increased.

The tool maker can produce a high quality tool that does not require any surface

coating, which means a shorter delivery time and freedom to make adjustments

after the heat treatment.

In total this means that the product quality will be uniform from the first part

produced to the last and that a tool manufactured in Uddeholm Vancron 40

SuperClean will make it easier for you to keep your promises!

© UDDEHOLMS ABNo part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted for commercial purposes

without permission of the copyright holder.

3

UDDEHOLM VANCRON 40 SUPERCLEAN

Typical C N Si Mn Cr Mo W Vanalysis % 1.1 1.8 0.5 0.4 4.5 3.2 3.7 8.5

Standardspecification None

Deliverycondition Soft annealed to approx. 300 HB

Colourcode Gold/ Dark blue

Critical tool steelpropertiesFor good tool performanceIn many cold work applications tools aresurface coated in order to prevent galling andadhesive wear.

Furthermore it is important to have thecorrect hardness for the applications as well asa sufficient ductility and toughness in order toprevent premature failure due to chipping/crack formation.

Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean is anitrided powder metallurgical tool steel offer-ing an excellent combination of galling resist-ance and adhesive wear resistance.

For tool making• Machinability

• Heat treatment

• Grinding

• Dimensional stability in heat treatment

• Surface treatment

Tool making with highly alloyed tool steelmeans that machining and heat treatment areoften more of a problem than with the loweralloy grades. This can, of course, raise the costof tool making.

The powder manufacturing route used forUddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean means thatits machinability is superior to that of similarconventionally produced grades and somehighly alloyed cold work tool steel.

The dimensional stability of UddeholmVancron 40 SuperClean in heat treatment isgood and predictable compared to conven-tionally produced high alloy steel.

Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean isdesigned to be used without surface coating asit contains a high amount of low frictionvanadium rich nitrides in the matrix.

ApplicationsUddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean is a coldwork tool steel with an excellent galling/adhe-sive wear profile, which makes the steel idealfor severe production conditions and/or longrun production in applications where surfacecoated tool steel is needed. The work materi-als in these applications are often soft/adherentmaterials such as austenitic and ferritic stain-less steel, mild steel, copper, aluminium, etc.

Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean shouldbe used in cold work applications where thepredominant failure mechanisms are adhesivewear or galling.

Typical applications are:

• Blanking and forming

• Cold extrusion

• Deep drawing

• Powder pressing

• An alternative to tooling when coatings andcemented carbide used to be the onlysolution

GeneralUddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean is aCr-Mo-W-V-N alloyed cold work tool steel,which is characterized by

• Very high adhesive wear resistance

• Very high galling resistance

• Good chipping and cracking resistance

• High compressive strength

• Good through hardening properties

• Good dimensional stability in hardening

• Very good resistance to tempering back

• Good WEDM properties

4


Heat treatmentSoft annealingProtect the steel and heat through to 900°C(1650°F). Then cool in the furnace at 10°C/h(20°F/h) to 650°C (1200°F), then freely in air.

Stress relievingAfter rough machining the tool should beheated through to 600–700°C (1110–1290°F),holding time 2 hours. Cool slowly to 500°C(930°F), then freely in air.

HardeningThe hardenability for Uddeholm Vancron 40SuperClean is equivalent to Uddeholm Vanadis23, which ensures good through hardeningproperties at quenching in salt bath or gasquenching in vacuum furnace.

Pre-heating in two stages: 600–650°C (1110–1200°F) and 850–900°C (1560–1650°F).Austenitizing temperature: 950–1150°C (1740–2100°F) normally 1020°C (1870°F).Holding time: 30 minutes (10 minutes at 1100°C(2010°F) and above.

The tool should be protected against decarburiza-tion and oxidation during hardening.

In some cases denitriding should also beconsidered. To avoid loss of nitrogen, whichmay lower the surface hardness, a minimum of10 mbar and up to 3–400 mbar nitrogenoverpressure is recommended during harden-ing. Alternatively the machining allowancecould be increased.

Compressive strengthApproximately compressive strength vs.hardness is shown in the table below.

Hardness Compressive yield strengthHRC Rc0.2 (MPa)

58 220060 250062 270064 3000

PropertiesPhysical data

After hardening and tempering to 61 HRC

Temperature 20°C 200°C 400°C(68°F) (390°F) (750°F)

Densitykg/m3 7 700 – –lbs/in3 0.278

Modulus ofelasticity

MPa 236 000 227 000 213 000psi 35.2 x 106 32.9 x 106 30.9 x 106

Coefficient ofthermal expan-sion per

°C from 20°C – 11.1 x 10-6 11.9 x 10-6

°F from 68°F 6.1 x 10-6 6.6 x 10-6

Thermalconductivity

W/m •°C – 21 ±2 25 ±0.5Btu in/ft2 h °F 145 ±14 173 ±3

Specific heatJ/kg °C 460 – –Btu /lb °F 0.11

Unnotched impact energyUnnotched impact energy for UddeholmVanadis 23, Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean,Uddeholm Vanadis 10, and AISI D2 is shownbelow.Unnotched impact energy,relative values

VANADIS 23 VANCRON 40 VANADIS 10 AISI D2

60 HRC

Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean can be heattreated to give a wide range of hardness. Toachieve a hardness between 58–65 HRC theaustenitizing temperature is varied in the range950–1150°C (1740–2100°F). The recom-mended austenitizing temperature is 1020°C

Hardness, HRC68

66

64

62

60

58

56

950 1000 1050 1100 1150

Austenitizing temperature °C

Tempering =560°C (1040°F)/3 x 1h

SUPERCLEAN

5


Air cooling ofbars, Ø mm

1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 Seconds

1 10 100 1 000

1 10 100 Hours

0.2 1.5 10 90 600

Minutes

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

1100

1000

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

°C°F

CoolingCurveNo.

HardnessHV 10

800–500(sec)T

Austenitizing temperature 1050°CHolding time 30 min.

Ms

7654321

Carbides

fA 1c

= 880°C

= 830°Cs

A 1c

Pearlite

Bainite

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

882

882

882

882

882

762

493

1

28

140

280

1390

3205

7320

Seconds1 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000

1 10 100 1 000

1 10 100 Hours

Minutes

2000

1800

1600

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

1100

1000

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

°C°F

Austenitizing temperature 1050°CHolding time 30 min.

fA 1c

= 880°C

= 830°Cs

A 1c

Martensite

Carbides Pearlite

Bainite

Timehours

Hardn.HV 10

Temp.°C

750

725

700

650

600

400

350

300

250

200

4,9

1,6

14,1

14,5

63,3

8,1

6,5

7,7

2,0

20,1

354

383

383

433

613

946

657

620

933

858

TTT-GRAPH (ISOTHERMAL TRANSFORMATION)

Austenitizing temperature 1050°C (1920°F). Holding time 30 minutes.

CCT-GRAPH (CONTINUOUS COOLING)

Austenitizing temperature 1050°C (1920°F). Holding time 30 minutes.

(1865°F) with 30 minutes holding time fol-lowed by quenching and tempering at 560°C(1040°F)/3 x 1 h resulting in a hardness of 60–62 HRC.

In order to avoid a too low working hard-ness it is recommended to austenitize at ahigher hardening temperature than normal andif the hardness will be too high temper downthe hardness to the right hardness level.

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Quenching media• Vacuum furnace with high speed gas at suffi-

cient overpressure (2–5 bar)• Martempering bath or fluidized bed at

approx. 550°C (1020°F)• Forced air/gas

Note 1: Quenching should be continued untilthe temperature of the tool reaches approx.50°C (120°F). The tool should then be tem-pered immediately.

Note 2: For applications where maximumtoughness is required use a martempering bathor a furnace with sufficient overpressure.

Note 3: We always recommend a sub-zerotreatment when a hardening temperatureabove 1100°C (2100°F) has been used, seedetails in the paragraph to the right.

TemperingFor cold work applications tempering shouldalways be carried out at 560°C (1040°F)irrespective of the austenitizing temperature.Temper three times for one hour at full tem-perature. The tool should be cooled to roomtemperature between the tempers.

The retained austenite content will be lessthan 3% after this tempering cycle.

Dimensional changesDimensional changes after hardening andtempering.Heat treatment: austenitizing between 950–1100°C (1740–2010°F)/30 minutes and tem-pering 3 x 1 h at 560°C (1040°F).Specimen size: 50 x 50 x 50 mm (2" x 2" x 2")and 100 x 40 x 20 mm (4" x 1,5" x 1").Dimensional changes: growth in length, widthand thickness +0.04% to +0.20%.

Sub-zero treatmentTools requiring maximum dimension stability inservice can be sub-zero treated as follows:

For the highest requirements on dimensionalstability sub-zero treatment in liquid nitrogenis recommended after quenching and aftereach tempering at 560°C.

In less critical cases the tool should besub-zero treated immediately after quenchingto at least -70°C (-95°F), soaking time 1–3 h,followed by tempering at 560°C (1040°F)1 hour x three times.

The sub-zero treatment leads to a reductionof the retained austenite content. For a highhardening temperature, > 1100°C (2010°F),we always recommend sub-zero treatmentfollowed by four temperings at 560°C (1040°F)1 hour, in order to reduce the retained auste-nite and improve the dimensional stability.

Adhesive wear. Galling.

7


Wear resistance

ADHESIVE WEAR

Wear resistance comparison.Component: laboratory test strip.Tool type: blanking punch.Tool dimension: 10 x 40 mm.Work material: 18/8 stainless steel SS 23311 mm thick.

Wear loss, µm2

10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

PM 4V VANCRON 40SUPERCLEAN

PM 4V

UDDEHOLMVANCRON 40SUPERCLEAN

NitridingA brief immersion in a special salt bath toproduce a nitrided diffusion zone of 2–20 µmis recommended. This reduces the friction onthe envelope surface of punches and hasvarious other advantages.

Surface treatmentsNote: Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean isdesigned to be used without surface coating asit contains a high amount of nitrogen and hasalready a form of internal surface coating.

Some cold work tools are given a surfacetreatment in order to reduce friction andincrease tool wear resistance. The mostcommonly used treatments are nitriding andsurface coating with wear resistant layers oftitanium carbide and titanium nitride (CVD,PVD).

If extremely good resistance to galling isrequired in severe forming operations, Udde-holm Vancron 40 SuperClean can be surfacecoated like other PM steels. Recommendedtreatment is PVD with Ti(C, N) or TiAlN.

PVDPhysical vapour deposition, PVD, is a methodof applying a wear resistant coating at tem-peratures between 200–500°C (390–930°F).As Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean is hightemperature tempered at 560°C (1040°F)there is no danger of dimensional changesduring PVD coating.

CVDChemical vapour deposition, CVD, is used forapplying wear resistant surface coatings at atemperature of around 1000°C (1830°F).It is recommended that the tools should beseparately hardened and tempered in a vacuumfurnace after surface treatment.

8


HIGH SPEED STEEL TWIST DRILL

Drill diameter Cutting speed vc Feed fmm inch m/min. f.p.m. mm/r i.p.r.

– 5 –3/16 12–14* 40–46* 0.05–0.10 0.002–0.004 5–10 3/16–3/8 12–14* 40–46* 0.10–0.20 0.004–0.00810–15 3/8–5/8 12–14* 40–46* 0.20–0.25 0.008–0.01015–20 5/8–3/4 12–14* 40–46* 0.25–0.35 0.010–0.014

Cutting datarecommendationsThe cutting data below are to be consideredas guiding values which must be adapted toexisting local conditions.

Further information can be found in theUddeholm publication “Cutting data recom-mendations”.

Turning

Turning with carbide Turningwith HSS

Cutting data Rough Fine Fineparameters turning turning turning

Cuttingspeed (vc)

m/min 110–160 160–200 20–25f.p.m. 361–525 525–660 22–83

Feed (f)mm/r 0.2–0.4 0.05–0.2 0.05–0.3i.p.r. 0.008–0.016 0.002–0.008 0.002–0.012

Depth of cut (ap)mm 2–4 0.5–2 0.5–3inch 0.08–0.16 0.02–0.08 0.02–0.12

Carbidedesignation ISO K20* K15* –

Coated Coatedcarbide carbide

or cermet

* Use a wear resistant Al2O3 coated carbide grade

Drilling

* For coated HSS drill vc = 22–24 m/min. (72–79 f.p.m.)

CARBIDE DRILL

Type of drill

Cutting data Indexable Solid Brazedparameters insert carbide carbide1)

Cuttingspeed, vc

m/min 140–160 80–100 50–60f.p.m. 462–528 264–330 165–197

Feed, fmm/r 0.05–0.152) 0.10–0.252) 0.15–0.252)

i.p.r. 0.002–0.0062) 0.004–0.0103) 0.006–0.0104)

1) Drill with replaceable or brazed carbide tip2) Feed rate for drill diameter 20–40 mm (0.8”–1.6”)3) Feed rate for drill diameter 5–20 mm (0.2”–0.8”)4) Feed rate for drill diameter 10–20 mm (0.4”–0.8”)

Tribological properties—Case Study

Cold forming die for producing a part ofstainless steel for pump housing.Courtesy: Grundfos A/S, Denmark.

Uddeholm VANADIS 23Steel / CVDSurface coating Salt bath nitriding PVD TiN TiC/TiN

PartProduced 160 000 130 000 2 000 000

Hardness HRC 62

Failure Delamina-mechanism Galling tion

RESULTS

Uddeholm VANADIS 23 VANADIS 10 VANCRON 40Steel / SUPERCLEANSurface coating Uncoated Uncoated Uncoated

PartProduced 83 000 1 900 000 >18 000 000

Hardness HRC 62 64

Failuremechanism Galling Still running

9


Type of mill

CarbideCutting data Solid indexable Highparameters carbide insert speed steel

Cuttingspeed (vc)

m/min 40–50 70–90 12–151)

f.p.m. 132–164 230–297 40–501)

Feed (fz)mm/tooth 0.01–0.22) 0.06–0.22) 0.01–0.32)

inch/tooth 0.0004–0.0082) 0.002–0.0082) 0.0004–0.0122)

Carbidedesignation

ISO – K153) –

Milling

FACE AND SQUARE SHOULDER MILLING

Milling with carbideCutting data parameters Rough milling Fine milling

Cutting speed (vc)m/min 80–100 100–120f.p.m. 262–330 330–396

Feed (fz)mm/tooth 0.2–0.4 0.1–0.2inch/tooth 0.008–0.016 0.004–0.008

Depth of cut (ap)mm 2–4 –2inch 0.08–0.16 –0.08

Carbidedesignation ISO K20* K15*

Coated carbide Coated carbideor cermet

* Use a wear resistant Al2O3 coated carbide grade

1) For coated HSS end mill vc = 20–30 m/min. (66–99 f.p.m.)2) Depending on radial depth of cut and cutter diameter3) Use a wear resistant Al2O3 coated carbide grade

END MILLING

Annealed HardenedType of grinding condition condition

Face grinding A 46 HV B151 R50 B31)

straight wheel A 46 HV

Face grinding segments A 36 GV A 46 GV

Cylindrical grinding A 60 KV B151 R50 B31)

A 60 KV

Internal grinding A 60 JV B151 R75 B31)

A 60 IV

Profile grinding A 100 IV B126 R100 B61)

A 100 JV

1) If possible use CBN wheels for this application

GrindingGeneral grinding wheel recommendation isgiven below. More information can be found inthe Uddeholm publication “Grinding of ToolSteel”.

Electrical-dischargemachining, EDMTools of Uddeholm Vancron 40 SuperCleancan be produced with Electrical DischargeMachining (EDM) as long as the EDM layer iscarefully removed. Fine grinding and polishing,and retempering the tool at approx. 535°C(995°F) is recommended.

Due to the extremely high nitrogen contentin the steel, there are some general recom-mendations to be followed

Power settingsA coarse pass with high power can result inrelease of nitrogen from the steel causingpitting.

As a general rule of thumb the EDM’ing ofUddeholm Vancron 40 SuperClean should bedone with medium or fine passes using lowerpower setting.

FlushingN-alloyed PM steels put higher demands onthe flushing conditions. The On/Off time ratioshouldbe low, i.e. shorter On time and longerOff time.

A general rule of thumb is that Off timeshould be twice the On time. When possible,use flushing through the electrode or throughholes in the work piece. Higher viscosity of thedielectric liquid is also preferable due to bettertransportation of removed particles (can alsogive shorter EDM time and better surfacefinish).

ElectrodesFor rough EDM operations graphite electrodesare recommended, preferably of high quality(small grain size, and/or Cu impregnated). Aswitched polarity might reduce sticking onelectrode if that happens. For fine EDM useCu or W/Cu electrodes. When Graphiteelectrodes must be used in fine EDM, highquality (small grain size, and/or Cu impreg-nated) is recommended.

10


ARNE

CALMAX

CALDIE (ESR)

RIGOR

SLEIPNER

SVERKER 21

SVERKER 3

VANADIS 4 EXTRA

VANADIS 6

VANADIS 10

VANCRON 40

VANADIS 23

VANADIS 30

VANADIS 60

AISI M2

Conventional cold work tool steel

Powder metallurgical high speed steel

Powder metallurgical tool steel

Conventional high speed steel

Relative comparison ofUddeholm cold work tool steelMaterial properties and resistance to failure mechanisms Hardness/ Fatigue cracking resistance

Resistance Resistance to Ductility/ Toughness/to plastic Machin- Grind- Dimension Abrasive Adhesive resistance to gross

Uddeholm grade deformation ability ability stability wear wear/Galling chipping cracking

Further informationPlease contact your local Uddeholm office forfurther information on the selection, heattreatment, application and availability of Udde-holm tool steel. For more information, pleasevisit www.uddeholm.com

www.assab.com www.uddeholm.com

Network of excellenceUDDEHOLM is present on every continent. This ensures you

high-quality Swedish tool steel and local support wherever you

are. ASSAB is our exclusive sales channel, representing Udde-

holm in the Asia Pacific area. Together we secure our position

as the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials.

UD

DEH

OLM

131008.75 7 STR

OKIR

K KNA

PPEN 1310

UDDEHOLM is the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials. This

is a position we have reached by improving our customers’ everyday

business. Long tradition combined with research and product develop-

ment equips Uddeholm to solve any tooling problem that may arise.

It is a challenging process, but the goal is clear – to be your number one

partner and tool steel provider.

Our presence on every continent guarantees you the same high quality

wherever you are. ASSAB is our exclusive sales channel, representing

Uddeholm in the Asia Pacific area. Together we secure our position as

the world’s leading supplier of tooling materials. We act worldwide, so

there is always an Uddeholm or ASSAB representative close at hand to

give local advice and support. For us it is all a matter of trust – in long-

term partnerships as well as in developing new products. Trust is

something you earn, every day.

For more information, please visit www.uddeholm.com, www.assab.com

or your local website.

Documents

UDDEHOLM VANCRON 40 SUPERCLEAN - Voestalpine · 2018. 4. 24. · sub-zero treated immediately after quenching to at least -70 °C (-95°F), soaking time 1–3 h, followed by tempering