Uk institutions

• Constitutional monarchy

• British constitution• Legislature• Executive• Judiciary

The monarch

Elizabeth the second (Windsor dynasty)

The Monarch’s functions

• Head of the armed forces• Summons and dissolves parliament• Gives the Royal Assent• Appoints Prime minister and the Cabinet Ministers• Appoints judges• Temporal head of the Church of England• Head of the Commonwealth• Symbol of the unity of the country

British constitution

• Made up of different parts (unlike the Italian or American ones) ,not in one single document

• Acts of Parliament

• Common law

• EU legislation

Parliament composition

• HOUSE OF LORDS• Still hereditary peers

even though they are being replaced by

• Life peers• 24 diocesan bishops

and 2 archbishops of the Church of England

• Law lords

• HOUSE OF COMMONS

From 651 to 659 elected members for five years

Parliament functionspass laws

• House of Lords acts mainly as a revision chamber

• House of Commons proposes most bills

How a bill becomes a law

A bill is first proposed,discussed,and approved by the House of

Commons.Then,it passes to the House of Lords to be discussed.

What happens if the HoL doesn’t pass it?

Finally it gets the Royal Assent

The Government

• Every 5 years:general elections• Simple majority system of representation• National territory divided into

constituencies (from 651 to 659)• The party who gets the majority of votes

wins and has the majority in Parliament• The leader of the majority party is

appointed Prime minister by the Queen

Government composition

• Prime Minister

• Cabinet ministers (about 20) chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Monarch

Government and Shadow Cabinet functions

• The government enforces laws passed by the Parliament to which is responsible

• The Shadow cabinet or Opposition criticizes and makes proposals on the same matters the government deals with

Political parties

Labour Liberal Democrats

Conservatives

Political Parties

Scottish Nationalist Party

Sinn Feinn Playd Cymru

Law Courts

• Civil Courts • Criminal Courts

On a trial

• Jury • Judge