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UN Inter-Agency Workshop on Capacity Building/Development Geneva, 20-22 November 2002. UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS. Presented by M r. B ernardo Calzadilla -Sarmiento Senior Advisor - UNIDO Office at Geneva. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
UN Inter-Agency Workshop on Capacity Building/Development
Geneva, 20-22 November 2002
Presented by Mr. Bernardo Calzadilla-SarmientoSenior Advisor - UNIDO Office at Geneva
UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF
MARKET ACCESS
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
• UNIDOs Integrated programme approach
• UNIDOs Market AccessConceptual framework: the 3 Cs approach
• SPS related case Study: Lake Victoria Project
UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
UNIDO INTEGRATED PROGRAMMES (IPs) aim at improving
industrial competitiveness and thereby contribute to poverty
reduction. To optimise the chances of achieving this, the focus
of integration is at the level of the UNIDO Service Modules
selected for the programme, as well as at the level of donor
mechanisms, national counterparts and other development
activities in the country or region.
THE INTEGRATED PROGRAMME APPROACH
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Service Module Approach
Industrial Governance and statistics
Investment and technology promotion
Quality and productivity
Small business development
Agro-industries
Industrial energy and Kyoto Protocol
Montreal Protocol
Environmental Management
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
ECONOMY
The 8 Service Modules
“Competitive Economy” - or Making Industry more Efficient
EMPLOYM
ENT
ECONOMY
“Productive Employment” - orPromoting Employment in Industry
“Sound Environment” - orEnvironmentally Friendly Industry
…..grouped in “3Es”:
EN
VIR
ON
ME
NT
SID
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Montreal Protocol
Small Business Development
Agro-Industries
Industrial Governance & Statistics
Quality & Productivity
Investment & Technology Promotion
Industrial Energy & Kyoto Protocol
Environmental Management
LEVEL
OF
INTERVENTION
POLICY
INSTITUTIONAL
ENTERPRISE
IntegratedPackages
of Services
COMPETITIVE ECONOMY
Making industry more efficient
PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT
Promoting employment in
industry
SOUNDENVIRONMENTEnvironmentally friendly industry
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
• UNIDOs Integrated programme approach
• UNIDOs Market Access conceptual framework: the 3 Cs approach
• SPS related case Study: Lake Victoria Project
UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ARE TAKING LIMITED ADVANTAGE OF IMPROVED
ACCESS CONDITIONS BECAUSE:
They have serious shortfalls in capabilities
They face major non-tariff barriers to trade
They have to adapt to the multilateral trading system
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
CAPACITY SHORTFALLS
often incompatible with international standards. Standards
Metrology and testing no recognized laboratory capacities.
Supply unable to produce goods of competitive quality and quantity.
Trade little say in international trade agreements
Marketing and export promotion
unable to identify and attract target consumers
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Graphic 1 - Means-End diagram for market access facilitation
NON-TARIFF BARRIERS AFFECTING MARKET ACCESS
MarketAccess
Facilitation
Technical Barries toTrade (TBT)
Transportationand transit
processinspection
productdevelopment
accreditation ofconformity
assessment
registryprocedures
taxes
Sanitary andPhytosanitary measures
(SPS)
TBT relatedissues
standards fromCodex AlimentariusCommission (CAC)
Intl. Off ice ofEpizootics (IOE)
standards
health
InternationalPlant Protection
Conventionstandards
(IPPC)
domesticrequirements
International rulesfor trade
tradeagreements
prohibitiions
Registration,documentation and
customs issues
licences
w arehousing
customclearance
domestictaxation of
goods
intellectualproperty
tradedisputes
Investment andfinancial related
matters
foreignexchangemeasures
DFIregulations
banking
customvaluation
biosafetystandards (GMO)
dumpingpractices
UNIDOITCFAO
UNIDO
UNIDOIAFILAC
WHO
FAOWHO
UNCTAD
WTOUNCTAD
WTO
WTO
WIPO
-
WB
IMFUNIDOIMO
ICAO
National EnquiryPoint
ITC
certif ication(systems)
ITC
packagingand labelling
ITC
tests andcalibration
UNIDO
environmentalsystems
UNIDOUNEP
localcontent
schemes
UNIDOISOITC
ITC
airportservices
ICAO
foreigninvestment
taxes
WTO agreement fortrade
ITC
products and marketdevelopment
ITC
enterprises'competitiveness
UNIDOITC
tradenegotiationstechniques
UNCTAD
UNIDO - 22/Apr/02
internationalstandards
UNIDOISOITC
storageUNIDO
quotas,prices
subisidies
profitrepatriation
limits
UNCTADWTO
inspection
services
harbourservices
IMO
measurementstandards
UNIDOBIPM
IECOIMLITU
National EnquiryPoint
ITC
MARKET ACCESS FACILITATION
INTERNATIONALRULES FOR TRADE
TRANSPORTATION & TRANSIT
TECHNICAL
BARRIERS TO
TRADE (TBT)
NON – TARIFF BARRIERS AFFECTING MARKET ACCESS
SANITARY &
PHYTOSANITARY
MEASURES (SPS)REGISTRATION,
DOCUMENTATION
& CUSTOMS
ISSUES
INVESTMENT & FINANCIAL MATTERS
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
“Countries must have marketable products to sell”
Pre-conditions for Market Access – The Main Problem Areas
“Products must meet market/client requirements”
“Rules for trade, customs must be harmonized”
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Connect to the Market
M A
R K
E T
S
P
R
O D
U
C
T
S
Products to Market
….by upgrading supply capacities and standards infrastructures
DevelopCompetitive
ManufacturingCapability
Prove Conformity with Market
Requirements
Compete Conform Connect
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS & RULES FOR TRADE
WTO
INVESTMENT FACILITATIONFINANCIAL FLOWS
UNCTAD
STANDARDS &
CONFORMITY
ASSESSMNT
INFRASTRUCTUR
E
(TBT, SPS)
UNIDO, FAO,
WHO
CUSTOMS
PROCEDURES
TRANSPORTATIO
N
DOCUMENTATIO
N
UNCTAD, IMO
SUPPLY
DEVELOPMENT
(Capacity &
Competitivenes
s)
UNIDO
EXPORT PROMOTION
ITC
A CONCERTED INTER-AGENCY STRATEGY FACILITATES MARKET ACCESS
Compete Conform Connect
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
• UNIDOs Integrated programme approach
• UNIDOs Market AccessConceptual framework: the 3 Cs approach
• Capacity Building: Lake Victoria Project
UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry
Situation Before
• Major fish industry (Nile perch) developed around Lake Victoria, shared by Tanzania 51%, Uganda 43% and Kenya 6%
• Revenues from exports exceeded USD 200 million/year
• Employment for almost 500.000 people
• Favorable ground for local suppliers and complementary industries.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry
Effect of Lake Fish Poisoning
• EU export ban imposed in 1999
• Fish exports dropped by 50% in Tanzania and Uganda
• 30% of workers lost their jobs
• Most of the fish factories closed or worked far below capacity
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry
Challenge – Project Objectives
• Identify immediate and structural deficiencies
• Establish solid foundation for fish safety system
• Lift the ban imposed by EU
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVELGOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVELINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL
ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)
CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)
THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA
Appropriate strategy for risk analysis, management and communication
Appropriate food control legislation (FAO)
Coordination and monitoring mechanisms involving all the stakeholders
Appropriate strategy for risk analysis, management and communication
Appropriate food control legislation (FAO)
Coordination and monitoring mechanisms involving all the stakeholders
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVELGOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVELINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL
ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)
CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)
THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA
Inspection (regulations enforcement, system auditing and product certification,hazard identification and analysis)
Support services: Testing analyses (GLP-accredit. ISO17025), standardization, metrology, training andcertification bodies; etc.
Inspection (regulations enforcement, system auditing and product certification,hazard identification and analysis)
Support services: Testing analyses (GLP-accredit. ISO17025), standardization, metrology, training andcertification bodies; etc.
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVELGOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVELINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL
ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)
CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)
THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA
Strengthening individual and collective awareness and skills of personal
Implementing GHP and HACCP based programs with benchmarking mechanisms
Implementing quality management systems
Strengthening individual and collective awareness and skills of personal
Implementing GHP and HACCP based programs with benchmarking mechanisms
Implementing quality management systems
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVELGOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL
INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVELINSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL
ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS)
CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET)
THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA
Collective awareness through the media
Education focusing on young generation through school programs
Strengthening capacity of consumers organizations
Collective awareness through the media
Education focusing on young generation through school programs
Strengthening capacity of consumers organizations
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry
Project Implementation
• Integrated corrective actions taken by UNIDO in partnership with
1. Uganda National Bureau of Standards2. Tanzania Bureau of Standards3. Federation of Kenya Employers4. Lake Victoria Fishers Cooperative5. UNDP, WHO, FAO, DFID
• 3 years, USD 4.6 million
• Sources of funds: Austria, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, UNDP, UNIDO
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry
Results achieved
• Organizational and regulatory framework for fish industry improved, service capacity for fish inspection strengthened
• Testing laboratories locally available and internationally recognized
• In-plant group training carried out in 17 factories for 950 staff and critical mass of expertise provided to processing plants in GHP, HACCP, ISO 9000
• Quality control upgraded at all levels
• EU ban lifted by the end of 2000 and new market in US opened
UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO
Case of Victorian LakeFish industry
Lessons learned
• Building up the competent authority and establishing QMS and HACCP systems was essential for restarting fish exports.
• Strengthening simultanuoesly local support institutions such as standardization bodies and testing houses, inspection and certification bodies was decisive to regain the EU market and get access to new markets.
A CONCERTED INTER-AGENCY STRATEGY INVOLVING ALL STAKEHOLDERS WAS INDISPENSABLE TO ACHIEVE IMPACT
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