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Ben
jam
in C
ulbe
rtson
Bsc
695
M. A
rch.
1U
nive
rsity
of K
entu
cky
Bac
hole
r in
Arts
in A
rchi
tect
ure
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
PeelPAVILION
This
pav
ilion
was
co
ncei
ved
from
the
form
al p
rope
rties
of
a pe
el fr
om a
n ap
ple.
W
hen
som
eone
cut
s a
sliv
er o
f a p
eel f
rom
th
e bo
dy o
f an
appl
e,
the
peel
will
fall
dow
n th
en c
urve
as t
o try
and
co
nfor
m to
the
shap
e of
the
appl
e th
us g
iv-
ing
the
uniq
ue sh
ape
of
the
pavi
lion.
Var
ious
st
udie
s of m
ater
ial p
at-
tern
s wer
e th
en st
udie
d as
wel
l as a
bas
e to
pr
oper
ly d
ispl
ay th
e pa
vilio
n in
Lex
ingt
on’s
Ph
oeni
x Pa
rk.
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
PeelPAVILION
Lase
r-Cut
, Chi
pboa
rd m
odel
of
pav
ilion
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
To k
eep
the
purit
y of
Mic
hela
ngel
o’s d
esig
n of
pr
oces
sion
to th
e La
uren
tian
Libr
ary
the
foye
r is
left
unal
tere
d an
d ra
ther
a re
cons
truct
ion
of
the
circ
ulat
ion
of th
e co
urty
ard
and
proc
essi
on
to th
e en
tranc
e of
the
libra
ry is
rede
sign
ed.
The
proj
ect w
orks
to e
stab
lish
a gr
id fr
om
whi
ch a
new
env
ironm
ent i
s alm
ost g
row
n su
ch a
s the
gar
den
belo
w. T
he n
ew o
bjec
ts
perm
eate
and
dis
solv
e th
e pl
ane
of o
ur u
nder
-st
andi
ng o
f a n
orm
al ra
mp
Det
ails
of d
emat
eria
liza-
tion
of th
e ra
mp
plan
e
San L
oren
zo
INTERVENTION
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
The
desi
gn o
f the
pav
ilion
beg
an w
ith a
stud
y of
DaV
in-
ci’s
wor
k w
ith m
echa
nism
s and
met
icul
ous s
tudy
of t
he
hum
an b
ody.
Fro
m th
ere
the
grou
p de
sign
ed a
pav
ilion
th
at w
ould
pay
trib
ute
to th
ese
stud
ies a
nd m
echa
nism
s. M
y pe
rson
al a
ttrib
utio
n to
this
pro
ject
was
the
desi
gn
and
cons
truct
ion
of th
e ro
tatin
g ro
of fr
om d
onat
ed a
nd
foun
d m
ater
ials
. The
pav
ilion
was
bui
lt on
Lex
ingt
on’s
Li
ving
Arts
and
Sci
ence
Cen
ter.
To k
eep
the
purit
y of
Mic
hela
ngel
o’s d
esig
n of
pr
oces
sion
to th
e La
uren
tian
Libr
ary
the
foye
r is
left
unal
tere
d an
d ra
ther
a re
cons
truct
ion
of
the
circ
ulat
ion
of th
e co
urty
ard
and
proc
essi
on
to th
e en
tranc
e of
the
libra
ry is
rede
sign
ed.
The
proj
ect w
orks
to e
stab
lish
a gr
id fr
om
whi
ch a
new
env
ironm
ent i
s alm
ost g
row
n su
ch a
s the
gar
den
belo
w. T
he n
ew o
bjec
ts
perm
eate
and
dis
solv
e th
e pl
ane
of o
ur u
nder
-st
andi
ng o
f a n
orm
al ra
mp
DaVin
ci
PAVILION
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
The
muq
arna
is a
spec
ial I
slam
ic a
rchi
tect
ure
for
build
ing
dom
es. M
uqar
na is
the A
rabi
c w
ord
for
stal
actit
e. B
y us
ing
this
uni
que
form
al st
ruct
ural
un
it, I
was
abl
e to
recr
eate
the
time
old
stud
y of
tra
nsiti
on fr
om sq
uare
to c
ircle
(dom
e). F
rom
th
is b
asic
prin
cipa
l, I w
as a
ble
to e
xplo
re m
ore
poss
ibili
ties o
f offs
ettin
g do
mes
on
dom
es a
nd
even
tual
ly c
reat
ing
a sy
stem
of d
omes
to c
reat
e a
Ham
am o
r Tur
kish
bat
hhou
se.
Hamm
am
MUQARNAS
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Artificial and Natural Light
The
need
for h
ousi
ng is
a c
ruci
al p
art o
f life
. H
owev
er, w
hen
peop
le a
re p
rovi
ded
with
affo
rd-
able
hou
ses,
thei
r ene
rgy
usag
e m
atch
es th
eir
mor
tgag
e pa
ymen
ts. T
his p
roje
ct is
an
atte
mpt
at
usi
ng th
ings
that
are
free
, the
sun,
win
d, e
tc.
as w
ell a
s hig
h pe
rfor
man
ce m
ater
ials
to lo
wer
en
ergy
usa
ge in
affo
rdab
le h
ouse
s.
High P
erfor
manc
e
HABITAT HOUSE
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
High P
erfor
manc
e
HABITAT HOUSE
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Prel
imin
ary
Stud
ies
The
fram
ewor
k of
this
stud
y lo
oked
to d
efine
topo
type
s (in
bio
logy
: a sp
ecim
en o
f an
org
anis
m ta
ken
from
a
type
loca
lity
of th
at sp
ecie
s)
of B
arce
lona
and
Mon
tpel
-lie
r and
use
the
parti
cula
r “p
ower
s” o
f the
topo
type
s as
des
ign
tool
s to
trans
form
an
d re
conc
eptu
aliz
e ar
chi-
tect
ure.
L’U
mbr
acle
Com
bine
d w
ith
L
ayer
ed S
urfa
ces
Con
cept
s/Po
wer
s of:
Con
cept
s/Po
wer
s of:
Mar
ket +
Sup
erm
arke
t
Cha
mfe
red
Cor
ner
Bar
celo
na, S
pain
Mon
tpel
lier,
Fran
ce
Fixe
d Tr
ansp
aren
tN
on-F
ixed
Sem
i-Tra
nspa
rent
Fixe
d Se
mi-T
rans
pare
nt
Iron-
Fram
ed G
lass
Inter
ior L
ayer
Slid
ding
Woo
d Scr
een
Med
ian L
ayer
Slatt
ed W
ood S
cree
n
Shad
e Lay
er
Barce
lona
TOPOTYPE
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Barce
lona
TOPOTYPE
N
Boo
kend
s (L’
Um
brac
le)
Ex
trusi
on (L
’Um
brac
le)
Offs
et (L
ayer
ed S
urfa
ces)
Circ
ulat
ion
With
in Il
defo
ns C
erdà
’s E
xiam
ple
Grid
, my
partn
er a
nd I,
in
an
atte
mpt
to re
coup
erat
e a
bloc
k of
the
city
, des
igne
d a
yout
h ho
usin
g bu
ildin
g, li
brar
y an
d co
urty
ard.
The
pro
ject
us
es th
e to
poty
pes:
L’U
mbr
acle
and
Lay
erd
Surf
aces
to c
re-
ate
an in
terv
entio
n in
the
bloc
k th
at c
reat
es a
juxt
apos
ition
of
pub
lic a
nd p
rivat
e sp
aces
that
wor
ks d
ynam
ical
ly w
ith
the
Cer
dà G
rid. S
peci
fiaca
lly, I
des
igne
d th
e lib
rary
, cou
rt-ya
rd a
nd sh
ared
read
ing
room
.
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Barce
lona
TOPOTYPE
Offs
et
(Lay
ered
Sur
face
s)
Boo
kend
s (L
’Um
brac
le)
Sect
ion
of Y
outh
Hou
sing
The
conc
ept o
f thi
s pro
j-ec
t com
e fr
om R
icha
rd
Levi
ne’s
City
as a
Hill
w
hich
is a
city
in w
hich
th
e en
tire
infr
astru
ctur
e cr
eate
s a h
ill. T
he su
r-fa
ce m
ain
stre
ets a
re a
n-gl
ed a
s to
decr
ease
slop
e an
d in
crea
se e
ase
of
wal
king
to p
rom
ote
foot
tra
ffic.
The
site
I ch
ose
was
the
inte
rsec
tion
of
the
sout
h sl
oped
stre
et
and
the
leve
l stre
et. T
his
gave
me
a un
ique
opp
or-
tuni
ty to
expl
ore
the
trans
ition
of
the
axes
as w
ell a
s the
cu
lmin
atio
n of
two
mee
t-in
g st
reet
s at t
he to
p of
a
hill.
The
uni
que
shap
e of
the
build
ings
der
ives
fr
om th
e pi
nwhe
el g
rid
and
the
trans
ition
of
axes
.
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Tran
sitio
n:U
sing
the
Pinw
heel
Grid
Piaz
za
Piaz
za
Mas
sing
Bui
ldin
gB
lock
s
Slop
ped
Stre
et
City a
s a Hi
ll
PINWHEEL GRID
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
City a
s a Hi
ll
PINWHEEL GRID
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Kinec
t
GESTURES
Uns
port
sman
like
Cond
uct
Safe
ty
No
Catc
h,D
eclin
ed P
enal
tyLo
ss o
f Dow
nIn
tent
iona
lG
roun
ding
Illeg
al U
se o
fH
ands
Fals
e St
art
Firs
t Dow
n
Illeg
al M
otio
nIn
ellig
ble
Rece
iver
Illeg
al C
utBl
ock
Hol
ding
Touc
hdow
n
Roug
hing
the
Kick
erPe
rson
al F
oul
Pass
Inte
rfer
ence
O�
Side
sD
elay
of
Gam
e
Touc
hbac
kTr
ippi
ngSt
op th
e Cl
ock
Star
t the
Clo
ckCl
ippi
ng
All
Ges
ture
s ha
ve d
i�er
ent m
eani
ngs
depe
ndin
g on
team
usi
ng th
em.
Back
-up
Chan
ge D
irect
ion
Stop
Clea
ranc
e
GES
TUR
E ST
UD
IES
2008
2009
2010
2010
2011
2012
Kinec
t
GESTURES
Left
Han
d
Left
Hip
Rig
ht S
houl
der
1
2
3
Arm
s m
ust b
e w
ithin
shou
lder
s an
d w
aist
20 p
ixel
s
50 p
ixel
Velo
city
Cla
p
Eac
h of
the
user
s ha
nds
mus
t be
betw
een
thei
r sho
ulde
rs
and
hips
. The
n w
hen
the
user
goe
s to
cla
p th
e ha
nds
toge
ther
they
mus
t be
trave
ling
fast
er th
an 5
0 pi
xels
and
ea
ch o
f the
han
d jo
ints
mus
t be
with
in 2
0 pi
xels
of o
ne
anot
her.
Onc
e ev
ery
requ
irem
ent i
s m
et, t
he w
ord
Cla
p ap
pear
s on
the
scre
en.
Play
er
Virt
ual
Wor
kspa
ce
Fade
aw
ay
“Res
et”
Shap
e M
aker
Silh
ouet
te
Shap
e
Dro
p
Box
Mad
e
Hits
Pla
neDro
p
Trac
king
th
e bo
dy w
ith t
he
Kin
ect
and
defi
ndef
inin
g ge
stur
es
with
jo
int
rela
tion-
ship
s
Ext
ende
d H
ands
mus
t be
with
in h
ead
poin
t and
tors
o po
int,
the
okay
zon
e.
“Oka
y”Zo
ne
400
Eac
h ex
tend
ed h
and
mus
t be
with
in 2
00 p
erpe
ndic
ular
of
the
user
s ch
est.
&W
hen
each
of t
he re
quire
men
ts a
re
met
, an
imag
e of
a re
fere
e si
gnal
ing
pass
inte
rfere
nce
appe
ars
on th
e sc
reen
.Pa
ram
eter
s/de
finiti
on fo
r Kin
ect
R
eal G
estu
re
Para
met
ers/
defin
ition
for K
inec
t
Mov
ing
Ges
ture
:
Cla
p
Mot
oriz
ed T
ilt
Mul
ti-A
rray
Mic
roph
one
Dep
th C
amer
a
RG
B C
amer
aIR
em
itter
1. IR
em
itter
pro
ject
s a
patte
rn o
f inf
rare
d lig
ht
into
the
room
.
3. T
he d
isto
rtion
is re
ad
by th
e de
pth
cam
era
2. A
s lig
ht h
its s
urfa
ce/s
ubje
ct
the
patte
rn b
ecom
es d
isto
rted
Sen
sor
NU
I Lib
rary
App
licat
ion
Imag
e st
ream
Dep
th
stre
amA
udio
st
ream
EXPE
RIM
ENT
1
EXPE
RIM
ENT
2
EXPE
RIM
ENT
3
Left
Han
d
Righ
t Han
d
Push
bot
h ha
nds
forw
ard
to d
rop
shap
e
Dro
p
AR
CH
ITEC
TUR
AL
APP
LIC
ATIO
NS
Bui
lt En
viro
nmen
t an
d H
uman
C
omm
unic
atio
n
Than
k yo
u
