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Understanding of process and techniques
Company BHP Billiton Caroona Coal Project
Author Mick Barker
Date 5 December 2011
BHP Billiton has committed to:
no longwall mining underneath the floodplain;
no longwall mining underneath the alluvial irrigation aquifers;
no open cut mining anywhere within the EL; and
no mining of any description outside of the target area.
Longwall mining is a type of underground mining used for the
extraction of coal and the information in this presentation will
further explain this type of mining.
5 December 2011 2 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Section 1 Underground coal mining Other terminology and methodology associated with underground mining
Overview of underground mining equipment
A comparison to open cut mining techniques
Section 2 Mine design and infrastructure Process to develop a mine design
Overview of infrastructure associated with underground mining
5 December 2011 3 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Underground coal mining
5 December 2011 4 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Contents Development mining Longwall mining Mining services
There are many types of underground mining which have evolved through the
development of technology improving safety, efficiency and level of impact on the
environment:
bord and pillar;
development;
drift longwall;
punch longwall.
5 December 2011 5 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
1. Drift (rail) 2. Ventilation fan 3. Pit top 4. Offices 5. CHPP 6. Coal load out bins 7. Mine services 8. Longwall face 9. Coal seam 10.Development section 11.Coal pillar 12.Underground bin 13.Pit bottom 14.Shaft (elevator)
5 December 2011 6 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 7 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Cordeaux Colliery pit top - 10.75ha
5 December 2011 8 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Cordeaux Colliery pit top
5 December 2011 9 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Cordeaux Colliery
Dendrobium
5 December 2011 10 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Dendrobium
Mandalong
Specifically designed vehicles to transport men in and around the mine.
5 December 2011 11 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 12 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Continuous miner Designed to develop roadways for installation and operation of the longwall
5 December 2011 13 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Continuous miner At work in an underground environment.
5 December 2011 14 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Roof bolters Installing rock bolts in the roof.
Auxiliary fan Removes dust and gas from the working face.
5 December 2011 15 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Shuttle car The link between the continuous miner and the conveyor belt.
5 December 2011 16 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Load Haul Dump (LHD) Multiple purpose diesel machine used for material removal and lifting and carrying supplies around the mine.
LHD Heavy capacity lifting.
Grader Roadway maintenance.
5 December 2011 17 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 18 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Longwall shield and face
5 December 2011 19 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Shields Weight = 15-25
tonne Support 90 tonne of
roof pressure
5 December 2011 20 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 21 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Shearer cutting along coal face
5 December 2011 22 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 23 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Longwall shearer
Online Source http://undergroundcoal.com.au/fundamentals/07_advance-retreat_2ret.aspx
5 December 2011 24 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Double click middle of page to run graphic
5 December 2011 25 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Online source - http://undergroundcoal.com.au/fundamentals/07_caving.aspx Double click middle of page to run graphic
Pumping water management.
Compressed air energy source for tools/equipment.
Ventilation removes stale air.
High voltage electricity used to power plant.
Communication systems day to day and emergency.
Monitoring systems atmospheric levels.
Coal clearance movement of coal from underground to
surface.
5 December 2011 26 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Mine design and infrastructure
5 December 2011 27 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Contents Developing mine plans/design Other associated mine infrastructure
Resource factors
Deposit shape
Deposit type
Surface features/ constraints
Environmental impacts/constraints
Mine factors
Ventilation
Spontaneous combustion
Geological/ geotechnical factors
Subsidence management
Other factors
Development/ capital costs
Production costs
Resource recovery
Assessment and selection of layout options
Socio economic issues
5 December 2011 28 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Power lines
Telecommunications
Gas lines
Water supply facilities
Roads
Bridges
Natural surface features
5 December 2011 29 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Development of a number of options which are tested, refined
and optimised the essence of mine planning.
Outputs from successive iterations are examined and often form
the basis of developing a new suite of inputs for the next
iteration.
The iterative process is optimised through:
improved quality of input data;
modelling tools and capacity of model user;
experience in evaluating successive outputs;
reduce the options to a go forward case for implementation.
5 December 2011 30 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 31 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Structures have some of the largest impacts on mine layouts.
These include: faults;
dykes;
intrusions;
variable grades.
Other geological geotechnical factors affecting layout include: stress orientation;
strata strength;
lineament zones;
water make.
5 December 2011 32 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 33 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
CH&PP (coal handling and preparation plants)
Stockpile areas and management
Rail load out facilities
Ship loading facilities
5 December 2011 34 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
5 December 2011 35 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Mt Arthur Coal
5 December 2011 36 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Mt Arthur Coal
5 December 2011 37 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Mt Arthur rail load out facility
5 December 2011 38 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Loading ships at Newcastle
The February 2012 presentation to the Community
Consultative Committee aims to address issues that have
been raised by stakeholders about subsidence such as:
what is subsidence?;
what causes subsidence?;
what are the potential impacts of subsidence on the natural and built environment?;
how are these impacts managed?;
regulatory controls;
case studies.
5 December 2011 39 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Questions
5 December 2011 40 Community Consultative Community Presentation Caroona Coal Project
Slide Number 1IntroductionOutlineSection 1Underground (UG) coal miningUnderground mineUnderground mineUnderground mineUnderground mineUnderground mine Personnel transportDevelopment mining equipmentDevelopment mining equipmentDevelopment mining equipmentDevelopment mining equipmentDevelopment mining equipmentDevelopment equipmentLongwall layoutLongwall faceLongwall mining equipmentLongwall mining equipmentLongwall mining equipmentLongwall mining equipmentLongwall miningTop coal cavingMining servicesSection 2Mine plan factors consideredSurface facilitiesIterative processMine plan example layoutGeological/geotechnical Geological structure (Bowen Basin Symposium 2005)Completing the processCH&PPProcessing plant stockpileTrain load outShip loadingNext presentation subsidenceSummary