Physical Development Gross motor development Improved
coordination and body control Can walk up and down stairs if they
place both feet on each stair Can jump several inches off the floor
Can sit on a riding toy and move it by pushing with their feet
Slide 6
Physical Development Fine motor development Can insert keys
into a lock and turn pages in a book one at a time Can hold
scissors properly Hand preference is fairly developed At 24 months,
kids can scribble Hold the crayon or pencil in their fist Can build
with blocks
Slide 7
Physical Development Self help skills Undress self Dress self
by pulling on simple garments Zipper usage Drink from a cup or
glass Can use a spoon Potty training
Slide 8
Cognitive Development Language Comprehension Skills
Understanding of language 2 year olds can understand and answer
routine questions (e.g. What is that?) Can tell difference between
soft/heavy, big/tall
Slide 9
Cognitive Development Expressive Language Skills The ability to
produce language forms The childs experiences affect the rate and
content Important to provide an environment that stimulates
language development Two language strategies Feeding in: you
provide childs language Expansion: reframing childs word into a
sentence
Slide 10
Cognitive Development Express language skills 50 to 200 word
vocabulary Girls generally develop language skills faster than boys
Often use the word no
Slide 11
Cognitive Development Math Readiness Skills Developed as
children interact with others and with objects Begin to sort
objects by shape and color
Slide 12
Social Emotional Development Social development Children play
next to each other, but not with each other More interested in
adults than other kids Act out adult experiences as they play
(driving, talking on the phone) Possessive; do not want to share
Affectionate
Slide 13
Social Emotional Development Emotional development 2 year olds
like to be able to control their surroundings Doing a task too
difficult for them may cause anger Commonly develop fears (most
often of being harmed or hurt, or stem from their imagination) Need
regular routines to build trust and security Need love and caring,
despite their temper
Slide 14
When teaching 2 year olds be prepared for: The word no A LOT
Egocentricity they think you feel the same way they do Dawdling
they go at their own pace Curiosity especially with toys. Add new
items a few at a time. Temper tantrums be calm and composed.
Slide 15
3 year olds
Slide 16
Physical Development Gross motor development Throwing, jumping
and hopping improve due to better coordination Can climb and
descend stairs easily Can ride and steer tricycle Fine motor skills
Cutting skills more refined Can reproduce simple shapes as they
draw Can trace Enjoy drawing faces that include a mouth, eyes, nose
and ears that are not proportional
Slide 17
Physical Development Self help skills Daily care routines
require little assistance from adults Open buckles on clothes Put
on shoes (without strings) Have trouble telling front from back of
clothing Most have almost full control of toilet routines
Slide 18
Cognitive Development Able to solve simple problems Still
egocentric Learn quickly Language comprehension, expressive
language, and math readiness skills continue to improve
Slide 19
Cognitive Development Language comprehension skills Can
remember and follow 3-part instructions Understand pronouns such as
you, they Space concepts become clearer
Slide 20
Cognitive Development Expressive language skills Children may
use more than 900 words Start to use question words (why/when) As
children play, they frequently talk out loud to themselves
Slide 21
Cognitive Development Math Readiness Skills Understand
more/less/smaller/empty Like to compare objects Counting skills
begin at this age Distinguish between one and many
Slide 22
Social Emotional Development Social development Eager to help
others, especially adults Adjust to new people more easily Begin to
play with other children Will share some Begin to learn gender
roles Behaviors that are expected of girls and boys
Slide 23
Social Emotional Development Emotional development Strong,
visible emotions Eager to act in ways that please others Likely to
become angry when things do not go their way, but direct anger
toward object instead of person Developing a self concept: the way
they see themselves Not as frightened by objects that they know,
but afraid of imagined dangers (dark) Fearful of pain
Affectionate
Slide 24
Slide 25
Teaching 3 year olds: Eager to please Enjoy playing alone and
in groups of 2 or 3 Enjoy pretending to cook, shop Become
increasingly independent Need encouragement to be independent