Undoing Clinamen (Of Community)

8/8/2019 Undoing Clinamen (Of Community)

1/18

Yj`ggnn F`rcy

^gmekgh Ilkg`fng *Ea Ieff~gk}{+

@g Kmn` j`y ge ynz `gm ge aìn'

0' M`ynkg&Hr`qk}{

Xj{ Aìnbeec xj{ ge} @rfbeec er ]nn}jbeec5 ]jn kftlki`}keg ky }j`}

}jre~hj }jn aìn egn bniefny rniehgky`bln {n} }jn akry} p~ny}keg ky ge} }jn

z {e~ xnrn leeckgh aer5 er Xregh z5 Yn`rij aer e}jnry' Ye rniehgkykgh i`g

`lye fn`g rniehgkykgh `y ge} }jn egn ge} `y }jn egn `lye kftl{kgh }jnrn

`rn ` lkfk}nm `fe~g} ea g`fny *egn ie~lm j`qn i`llnm k} G`fnbeec

fkfkickgh Lle{my G`fny+ b~} ` lnyy lkfk}nm `fe~g} ea aìny, t~}}kgh ` g`fn

}e ` aìn ky gex t~}}kgh ` aìn }e ` g`fn' B~} }jn aìn ky egl{ ` tekg} ea

mnt`r}~rn aer e}jnr aìny aellexkgh }jn Jnrìlk}n`g trkgiktln }jn y}rn`f ea

arkngmy il~y}nrkgh `re~gm nìj aìn ky iegy}`g}l{ ij`ghkgh' ]jn arkngmy ea }jn

aìn ln`m {e~ a~r}jnr `gm a~r}jnr `x`{ aref }jn kgk}k`l aìn `gm aer nìj aìn

`gm k}y arkngmy k} ky }jn y`fn' @gm {n} }jky ky ge} ` r`gmef trehrnyykeg er

y~iinyykeg bni`~yn }jn Aìnbeec lkgny gnqnr trehrnyy, }jn{ o~y} he eg }jnr`gmef x`gmnrkgh }jre~hj ` irexm xjkij fkhj} ynnf ykfkl`r ky ie~g}nrì}nm

b{ }jn f`}jnf`}ki`l treb`bklk}kny ea }jn rnqelqkgh hre~ty' Bnjkgm }jn aìny

`rn ge} g`fny ger g`fny bnjkgm aìny b~} g~fbnry `gm ` ckgm ea yn}

}jner{ heqnrgkgh }jn b~klmkgh ea hre~ty' Egn a in `ttn`ry xk}j nkhj} e}jnr

aìny `} ` }kfn i`llnm arkngmy nìj arkngm kgy}kh`}ny `ge}jnr hre~t teyykbl{

b~} ge} gninyy`rkl{ ieg}`kgkgh }jn y} r}kgh a in' ]jky rnalni}y }jn geg&

rniktreik}{ *trny~f`bl{+ ea }jeyn qel`}kln }ng~e~y arkngm rnl`}kegy b~} }jky~grnlk`bln arkngm rnl`}keg ky ` f`}jnf`}ki`l gninyyk}{ aer }jn Aìnbeec

iegakh~r`}keg *}jn kgmnakgk}n p~`yk&kgakgk}n f` ~rc`, p~`mrklln ea Aìnbeec+ }e

he eg ngmlnyyl{' K} ky }jn ilkg`fng naani} }j`} Ntki~rn`g kgilkg`}keg ea }jn

`}ef xk}je~} xjkij }jnrn xe~lm bn gnk}jnr ij`ghn ger yn}y' Nqng }jn geg&

rniktreik}{ er mnarkngmkgh ky nyyng}k`l *f`}jnf`}ki`ll{ ytn`ckgh+ }e hkqn

arnyj kftn}~y }e ilkg`fng' E}jnrxkyn k} xe~lm hn} y}~ic kg egn }kl}' ]jky

xe~lm irn`}n Aìn&Bleiy }jn g~fbnry `lk`y aìny f~y} ieg}kg~e~yl{ feqn }e

ikri~l`}n' @y }jn Arngij ie~r} trn ijnr Beyy~n} y`km, lkan f~y} ikri~l`}n, lkan


2/18

2

f~y} ij`ghn j`gmy' ]j~y kgy}kgi}kqnl{ Xnb h~ rmk`gy y~ij `y inr}`kg

]nijger`}k nmk}ery annl ieftnllnm }jn kggnr qekin ea }jn g~fbnr }e ~rhn

Aìnbeec fnfbnry }e mnarkngm' ^gle`mkgh }jn b`ll y} ea trnqke~y ilkg`fngy

ky }jn egl{ x`{ }e h~ r`g}nn }jn lkan aerin ea ilkg`fng k}ynla' J~f`g

nfe}kegy er aani}y `rn }jn gninyy`r{ mrkqnry ea }jn g~fbnr h`fn' Xjng

egn ~gijeeyny ` Aìnbeec arkngm egn ky trefe}kgh eg}elehki`l nieleh{ `} }jn

`}efki lnqnl ea }jn ~gkqnryn'

Ilkg`gnf, ` iegint} erkhkg`}kgh kg }jn `}efkyf ea Ntki~r~y `gm L~irn}k~y, ky

` a~gi}keg ea }jn l`x ea kgmn}nrfkgì{ kg }jn ~gkqnryn' Xk}je~} k} ge}jkgh

xe~lm nqnr j`ttng ln} `legn bn irn`}nm kg }jn tnryky}ng} r`kg ea `}efy kg}e }jn

`b{yy' Ilkg`fng kgm~iny iellkykeg y}rnyy r~t}~rn `ll }jn hngnr`}kqn ì}y'

B~} nìj yxnrqn }ex`rmy }jn e}jnr `}ef ky gninyy`rkl{ ` yxnrqn `x`{ aref

`ge}jnr tekg} egn ì} ea ilkg`fng iegy}r~i}y `gm mniegy}r~i}y `} }jn y`fn

}kfn' K} ky `lye yefn}jkgh lkcn arnn xkll eg }jn `}efki lnqnl }jn xkll }e }jn

~gnztni}nm y~ij `y rnqel}'

Ilkg`fng ky, aer On`g&L~i G`gi{, ` fn}`tjer aer }jn y~bfkyykeg er kgilkgkgh

ea }jn `}ef&kgmkqkm~`l }ex`rmy ieff~gk}{' Nqng fern & Ieff~gk}{ ky `}ln`y} }jn ilkg`fng ea }jn kgmkqkm~`l' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{ kg? ]jn

Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, ^gkqnryk}{ ea Fkggnye}` Trnyy, 0;;0, tt' 9&=+ ]jn

`}ef ~yny k}y arnn xkll }e oekg k}ynla }e `g ng}k}{ kg xjkij k} xkll in`yn }e bn `g

kgmkqkm~`l lkcn kg I`rl F`rk` qeg Xnbnry Mnr Arnkyij} }jn `}ef p~`

f`hki b~lln} j`y egn yje} }e jk} k}y f`rc' ]jn trkgiktln ea ilkg`fng kg `gikng}

`}efkyf ynrqny r`}jnr }e kgmkqkm~`}n }jn e}jnrxkyn kgmky}kgh~kyj`bln `}ef

kg G`gi{y mei}rkgn ea ieff~gk}{ }jn `}efy ilkg`fng ky ` rn}rn`} aref k}ykff`gngin k}y `~}`rijki `byel~}n ynla' @a}nrx`rmy kg G`gi{y

kg}nrtrn}`}keg }jn `}ef aerank}y `ll k}y nl`y}kik}{ ea ynla k} ky egl{ `g

kgmky}kgh~kyj`bln t`r} ea ieff~gk}{' ]jn `}ef ynnfy }e j`qn }r`gyaerfnm

k}ynla mkyirnn}l{ kg G`gi{y kg}nrtrn}`}keg kg}e `g `lk`y ea Jnkmnhhnry M`ynkg

}jn ieff~gk}{ kg}e }jn Qelcyhnfnkgyijà}' Ilkg`fng ky }jn yeike&hngn}ki

ì} ea ieff~g`l `byert}keg }jn `}ef feqny e~}ykmn ea k}ynla `gm kgykmn

yefn}jkgh hrn`}nr }j`g k}ynla ieff~gk}{' Egin kgykmn }jnrn ky ge nhrnyy'

B~} ieff~gk}{ ky fern }j`g o~y} `g `hhrnh`}n ea `}efy k} ky ` trkgiktln ea


3/18

9

geg&kff`gngin, ea `lx`{y bnkgh e~}ykmn ea egnynla er `y G`gi{ aellexkgh

Jnkmnhhnr y`{y ea niy}`y{'

Emml{ }je~hj }jn kgmkqkm~`l er `}ef eii~tkny `} ln`y} }xe teyk}kegy kg rnl`}keg

}e ieff~gk}{ k}y ilkg`fng kg yefn x`{ ky ` trn&jky}erki`l er trkfnq`l ì}

ea irn`}keg `gm `} }jn y`fn }kfn }jn kgmkqkm~`l&`}ef ky fnrnl{ }jn `by}rì}

rny~l} ea }jn mniefteyk}keg ea ieff~gk}{'

]jky xe~lm fn`g }je~hj }j`} ieff~gk}{ ky trkf`r{ ` qknx inr}`kgl{

a`qernm b{ G`gi{' Kg }jky yniegm qnrykeg ieff~gk}{ xe~lm j`qn trninmnm

}jn kgmkqkm~`l jky}erki`ll{ `gm fn}`tj{yki`ll{ }jn `}ef xe~lm ge} j`qn

iefteynm k} erkhkg`ll{ b{ k}y egn `gm egl{ ì} ea ilkg`fng' ]jn kgmkqkm~`l ky

fnrnl{ ` t`r} ea }jn ~gr`qnllkgh ea ieff~gk}{, ` t`yykqn ar~k} ea k}y

mnhngnr`}keg er mni`mngin' B~} }jng }jn `}efy ilkg`fng xe~lm j`qn bnng

f`mn rnm~gm`g}' ^glnyy egn ie~lm `yy~fn j{te}jn}ki ll{ }j`} ` trn&nzky}kgh

ieff~gk}{, xjeyn aerf`}keg ky eg}elehki`ll{ hkqng er `trkerk, xe~lm j`qn

bnng yj`}}nrnm kg `g np~`ll{ rnfe}n }kfn' ]jn rnfg`g}y ea }jky trkfnq`l

i`}ìl{yf, k}y mk`yter`, rn&h`}jnr kg ` yniegm`r{ ì} ea ilkg`fng, nìj eg k}y

exg, kg}e ` gnx kftnrani} bem{' Y~ij ` ynp~ngin rnynfblny }jn C`bb`lky}ki

iegint} ea }jn brn`ckgh ea }jn qnyynly' @l}je~hj G`gi{ kgyky}y }j`} ì}~`ll{

ieff~gk}{ gnqnr x`y ye }j`} k} i`gge} j`qn bnng ley}, }jn annlkghy ea leyy`rn egl{ gey}`lhk` aer ` ijkfnr` tnrj`ty }jn kgetnr`}kqn ieff~gk}{

kftlkny yefn ykfkl`r kmn` ea `g erkhkg`l yj`}}nrkgh ea ieff~gk}{, xjkij ka k}

y~bynp~ng}l{ nzky}nm }jng egl{ kg `g kganrker j`tj` `rml{ rniegy}r~i}nm aerf'

Xj`}nqnr tl`}aerf ea rn`lk}{ ieff~gk}{ p~` bnkgh eii~tkny k} ky `tt`rng},

}j`} G`gi{ ieg}kg~e~yl{ x`qnry bn}xnng }jnyn ynqnr`l qnrykegy ea }jn rnl`}keg

bn}xnng ieff~gk}{ `gm kgmkqkm~`l' B~} tnrj`ty }jnyn `rn ge} rn`ll{ qnrykegy r`}jnr G`gi{y kftlkik} rniehgk}keg }j`} }jn kgmkqkm~`l er `}ef meny ge} o~y}

yxnrqn egin' ]j`} ilkg`fng ky ge} ` akgk}n ykgh~l`r ì} b~} ` trkgiktln ea

fe}keg kg }jn ~gkqnryn' E}jnrxkyn jn xe~lm bn iegmnfgkgh }jn `}ef }e k}y

rnf`kgkgh ycnxnrnm kg k}y egn `gm egl{ yxnrqn aernqnr }jn xerlm xe~lm }~rg

}e y}egn n}nrg`ll{, jky}er{ xe~lm q`gkyj' B~} ebqke~yl{ }jn trkgiktln ea

ilkg`fng egn ea `br~t} ij`ghn ea ie~ryn, ` ckgm ea r`gmef y~mmnggnyy,

xk}j ge akg`l mny}kg`}keg i`g ge} bn ` egn&eaa' K} xe~lm bniefn yefn}jkgh

`byel~}nl{ ieg}kghng} `gm ~ginr}`kg `y ` trkgiktln & ka k} j`ttngy egin k} i`g


4/18

=

j`ttng ie~g}lnyy }kfny' Ka }jn `}ef i g kgilkgn k}ynla }ex`rm k} i`g np~ ll{

kgilkgn k}ynla `x`{ aref ` tekg} }jky ky xj`} j`ttngy xjng bemkny iln`qn

`br~t}l{ er mkykg}nhr`}n eqnr }kfn eg ` yeik`l nftkrki`l lnqnl arkngmyjkty

brn`c, leqn mkny, nftkrny iell`tyn, y`}~r`}keg tekg}y ea `ll ckgmy `rn rnìjnm'

Nqng b`gcr~t}i{ i`g bn ynng `y }jn gnh`}kqn ilkg`fng ea }jn `}efki xerckghy

ea }jn ieff~gk}{ ea I`tk} l' @y ` mnqe~} Jnkmnhhnrk`g G`gi{ akgmy k}

mkaaki~l} }e ieginkqn ea eg}elehki`l feqny `x`{ aref ` tekg} ye f`g{ ea

Jnkmnhhnry }nrfy kgil~mn }jn feqn }ex`rmy aer kgy}`gin bnkgh&}ex`rmy&

mn`}j, bnkgh&xk}j, `ll ckgmy ea a~ykeg`l femny' Nqng a`llkgh *Qnra`llng Ynkg+

ky `} ln`y} ` feqn }ex`rmy ` ckgm ea `b{yy `g eg}elehki`l y~rrngmnr }e }jn

aerin ea M`ynkg&hr`qk}{' A`llkgh ky yefn}jkgh M`ynkg ngm~rny er nztnrknginy

a`llkgh j ttngy }e M`ynkg r`}jnr }j`g M`ynkg mekgh k}' B~} ykgh~l`rk}{ gnqnr

j`y }jn g`}~rn er }jn y}r~i}~rn ea kgmkqkm~`lk}{' Ykgh~l`rk}{ gnqnr }`cny tlìn

`} }jn lnqnl ea `}efy, }jeyn kmng}kak`bln ka ge} kmng}ki`l kmng}k}kny3 r`}jnr k}

}`cny tlìn `} }jn lnqnl ea }jn ilkg`fng , xjkij ky ~gkmng}kak`bln' K} ky lkgcnm }e

niy}`y{? egn ie~lm ge} tretnrl{ y`{ }j`} }jn ykgh~l`r bnkgh ky }jn y~boni} ea

niy}`y{, aer niy}`y{ j`y ge y~boni} b~} egn f~y} y`{ }j`} niy}`y{

*ieff~gk}{+ j`ttngy }e }jn ykgh~l`r bnkgh' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{

et' ik}' tt' 1&8+

G`gi{y `terk` & jex }e }jkgc bnkgh&`x`{ xk}jkg ` y{y}nf ea }je~hj} trnfkynm

eg bnkgh&}ex`rm kg e}jnr xermy t`yykqn *xklllnyy, kgetnr`}kqn5+ j`ttngkghy

`gm yt`}k`l *y}`}ki+ akgk}n ieging}r`}keg5 ]jn `}ef ky akg`ll{ mntrkqnm ea k}y

ilkg`fng, k}y texnr ea feqnfng} er ìinlnr`}keg, k}y mnqk`}keg aref }jn lkgn'

@g kg}nrfnmk`}n lnqnl ea ykgh~l`rk}{ ky kgynr}nm bn}xnng }jn `}ef `gm k}y

ilkg`fng' Ilkg`fng ky' Aer ` Jnkmnhhnrk`g }jkgckgh ilkg`fng ky }j~ylehki`ll{ `g nft}{ f`hgn}kyf xk}j egl{ egn teln egl{ `}}rì}kgh gnqnr

rntnllkgh' Tnrj`ty }jn gnx Aìnbeec `}ef ky r`}jnr xkllnm `gm `kflnyy, }j`g

xkll&lnyy `gm trnmny}kgnm aer ieff~gk}{ lkcn }jn elm Jnkmnhhnrk`g `}ef i~f

M`ynkg *ykgh~l`rk}{+ G`gi{ ky kg}ng} eg fnferk`lk kgh'

Y}kll ka ilkg`fng `y }jn ae~gmkgh ì} ea ieff~gk}{ j`ttngy egl{ egin, }jng

G`gi{y iegint} ea ieff~gk}{ xe~lm rnp~krn }jn `belk}keg ea ij`gin b~} kg

}jn xermy ea F`ll`rf ge }jrex ea }jn mkin i`g `belkyj ij`gin'


5/18

>

Mnhrnny ea niy}`y{? Jex }e mky}kgh~kyj bn}xnng }jn niy}`y{ ea Bnkgh 6

Ieff~gk}{ `gm }jn niy}`y{ ea a~ykeg5 Ky }jnrn ` hr`mkng} aref egn }e }jn

e}jnr5 @g nlnq`}keg5 ]jn t`}j ea nzinyy5 Ea a`kl~rn5 Ea bn}r`{`l5

2' ^gb~klmkgh

R~r`l yte}y rn mnmki`}nm }e cnntkgh }jn ìikmng} `lkqn' ]e ebynrqn xerlm

jky}er{ er }jn ieyfey aer }j`} f`}}nr aref }jn r~r`l ~gb~kl} `rn`y ky }e bn kg `

tnrf`gng}l{ `rrny}nm ilkg`fng er kg ` ieg}kg~e~y niing}rki ynfk&

rnqel~}keg' R~r`l kg }jky i`yn ky `lye tnrktjnr`l' Egn }~rgy `x`{ aref r~r`l

`tt`rng} nft}kgnyy `gm `} }jn y`fn }kfn }ex`rmy fn}retelk}`g `tt`rng}

a~llgnyy' Gnk}jnr rn p~k}n xj`} }jn{ ynnf' B~} }jn ~gnqng}a~lgnyy ea }jn

r~r`l `rn` ynnfy }e kftl{ k} j`y mrettnm e~} er `x`{ aref jky}erki`l i`~y`lk}{

aref `g{ i`~y`lk}{, xjkij meny ge} erkhkg`}n kg }jn ik}{' ]jn ^'Y' Ynirn}`r{

ea }jn ]rn`y~r{ ~gmnr Ar`gclkg M' Reeynqnl} Jngr{ Ferhng}j`~ x`g}nm }e

}~rg mnan`}nm G` k Hnrf`g{ kg}e egn bkh a`rf er i`bb`hn t`}ij jky tl`g

x`y ge} rn`lkynm' @l}je~hj yefn `rn`y ea N`y} Hnrf`g{ j`qn ylkttnm kg}e

y~ij ` rn&r~r`lky`}keg eg }jnkr exg Nkyngj}}ngy}`m}, Germj`~yng nqngt`r}y ea Bnrlkg }e g`fn ` anx' K} ky }jn texnr ea }jn tj{yki`l l gm k}ynla kg

`byngin ea ` j~f`g iegy}r~i}kqn xkll xjkij i`rrkny e~} `g{ treinyy ea

mnikqklk `}keg' Kg Nkyngj}}ngy}`m} aer kgy}`gin }jn b~rn`~ir }ki xkll ky ge}

`byng} b~} fey}l{ mniegy}r~i}kqn' Ng}ret{ `gm }jn gnh`}kqn j~f`g tl`g

iekgikmn' ]jn Nkyngj}}ngy}`m} Bleh gey}`lhki`ll{ mei~fng}y }jn trehrnyy ea

mnfelk}keg tey}kgh tje}ehr`tjy ea }jn tkniny ea brkic `gm fer}`r a`llkgh

aref }jn ir~fblkgh aì`mny ea je}nly eg }jn f`kg y}rnn} *te}ng}k`ll{ y}rkckgh}jn t`yynry&b{+, ea nft}{ `t`r}fng} bleicy xk}j }jn i`t}keg }jky ky gex `

al`} aknlm' ]jn tje}ehr`tjki rnf kgy ea nqnr{ rn` ea y}kll nrni} b~kl} ytìn

leeckgh tki}~rnyp~n kg }jn yn}}kgh y~g er t`kg}nm eqnr xk}j hràak}k, o~y}

y~glkhj} k}ynla te~rkgh }jre~hj `g nft}{ ~gg`}~r`ll{ xkmn y}rnn}, nqng irìcnm

}klny xjnrn egin ` y}`}~n ea }jn ~gkierg, }jn ik}{ f`yie}, y}eem `rn ijnrkyjnm

lkcn jnkrleefy'


6/18

1

]jn y`fn mnfelkyjkgh texnr ijnxkgh ~t Nkyngj}}ngy}`m} l~rcy kg `g{ ynfk&

~gb~kl} r~r`l `rn` `y }jn iegy}`g} y}eij`y}ki aerin ea }jn erkhkg`l x`y}nl`gm'

]jn xklmnrgnyy ky }jn tnrtn}~`l kg}nrfk}}ng} nqng} ea `g{ r~r`l ytìn'

]jnrn ky ` texnr kg mnhngnrì{ k} ky }jn texnr ea ~gmekgh' @y G`gi{ xrk}ny

]jn rnl`}keg *}jn ieff~gk}{+ ky, ka k} ky, ge}jkgh e}jnr }j`g xj`} ~gmeny, kg

k}y qnr{ trkgiktln `gm `} k}y iley~rn er eg k}y lkfk} }jn `~}`rij{ ea `byel~}n

kff`gngin' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}' t' =+

Egn gkhj} à}nr x`}ijkgh Bl`mn&R~ggnr xn y}nttnm e~} kg}e }jn gkhj} ea }r~n

gkjklkyf }jn nft}{ y}rnn}y ea ` ytni}r`l y~b~rb lkcn qkll`hn eg }jn ]j`fny'

Xj`} xn yeeg y`x f`mn Bl`mn&R~ggnr ynnf lkcn `g et}kfky}ki jn`r}&

x`rfkgh aklf `ll }jeyn b~klmkghy kg heem rnt`kr, ng}nrtrkykgh `hng}y, y}rnn}y

}nnfkgh xk}j nz}r`y ikqklk `}keg ky kg a~ll alexnr' Jex f~ij fern jerrer ky

trnyng}nm b{ }jn ~gnqng}y ea yjnnr lkqkgh e~}ykmn ea `g{ tle} er t`}}nrg' Er

ka `g{ t`}}nrg }jng egl{ }jn }rìny ea ilkg`fng' Y~ij `g ~g`~}jernm

~gnqng} ìiey}nm e~r n{ny aref xjkij }jn aklf kf`hny xnrn r`tkml{ a`mkgh

xn y`x `y xn `ttreìjnm }jn elm tnetlny al`}y eg }jn e~}yckr}y ea xj`} ky k}ynla

`g e~}yckr}, }j`} yefn}jkgh }jnrn j`m bnng p~k}n mnr`ghnm' K} }~rgnm e~} }e bn

}jnkr be~gm`r{ x`ll er xj`} x`y lna} ea k}' ]jn x`lly kg areg} ea }jn elm tnetlnyal`}y j`m bnng ynfk&r` nm ~gb~kl} kg q`rke~y ~grnl }nm x`{y' Iel~fgy

}xky}nm `re~gm `gm cgeicnm eqnr, brkicy tl~icnm e~} `gm t`r}k`ll{ ir~yjnm

mexg egn xegmnry jex k} ie~lm j`qn }`cng tlìn xk}je~} kg}nranrngin, jex

f`g{ j`gmy xnrn xerckgh eg k}' Xnrn }jn{ ngij`g}nm5 B~} kg t`r}ki~l r

}jn }rn`}fng} ea }jn jnmhny x`y `y}egkyjkgh' ]jn trkqn} ynnfnm }~rgnm kgykmn

e~} `gm `znm }jre~hj `gm al`{nm' Feg i~r rnteyn ye~y iny mbrky *+

*Hnr`rm mn Gnrq`l+

^grnf`rc`bln yingny `rn }jn ìikmng} kg k}y merf`g} y}`}n }jn yt`rynl{

a~rgkyjnm fkfkir{ *fkfnyky+ ea }jn qekm' K}y }r~}j, }jn ìikmng}, lkny eg }jn

y~raìn `l}je~hj kg `bn{`gin' @ln}jnk` `ttn`ry kg y~ytngykeg'

]jn fern ij`rì}nrlnyy k} ky, }jn fern kgmky}kgh~kyj`bln aref e}jnr yingny, }jn

fern }jn yte} lkny kg `fb~yj' ]jky ky ` trkgiktln ea g`}~r`l yj`f k}y

fkfkir{ er r~yn ky `lx`{y b`ynm eg yefn ckgm ea jnkhj}ngnm gerf`lk}{ egn

ky kgy}kgi}kqnl{ eg egny h~`rm `h`kgy} }jn gerf`l'


7/18

8

Rn}~rg }e }jn yingn ea }jn ìikmng}y, }jn rkqnrb`gc' ]jn r`kgy j`qn yea}ngnm

mexg }jn fn`mex nytnik`ll{ `} }jn y}kln, ileyny} }e }jn rkqnr' ]jn f~m ky ye

xjkttnm ~t `gm yfee}j K lfey} ylkt' @ l`m{ x`lckgh jnr meh fkhj} j`qn ynng

fn ylkmkgh `re~gm' @y K i`fn }e }jn y}kln ireyykgh yjn ytecn }e fn aref }jn

e}jnr ykmn? L`y} xkg}nr ` l`m{ brecn jnr lnh jnrn, egn xe~lm j`qn }je~hj} }jn{

xe~lm j`qn t~} mexg yefn hr`qnl'

K? [ny k}y qnr{ ylkttnr{'

]jn xef`g ie~lm j`qn bnng egn ea }jeyn h~`rmk`gy ea }jn rkqnry aref }jn

Nghlkyj lnhngmy }jeyn xje j`la x`rg, j`la arkhj}ng }jn }r`qnllnr kg}e jky

meef' ]jn{ `rn j~f`g `by}rì}kegy ea }jn l`gmyi`tn ` rnfg`g} ea }jn elm

t`h`g niegef{ ea yìrkakin' @ trkfk}kqn er tre}e}{tn ea }jn nzij ghn rnl`}keg'

]jn qki}kf ea }jn rkqnr ky eaanrnm kg nzij`ghn aer }jn treytnrk}{ ea }jn

ieff~gk}{ b~} k} ky ` ynla&ì}kq`}kgh rk}~`l j`ttngkgh b{ ij`gin' ]jn

f~rmnre~y rkqnry `rn ea}ng ytecng ea `y yjn' ]jn lei`ly lkqkgh `re~gm }jn

rkqnr M`r} eg }jn nmhn ea M`r}feer j`qn jn`rm jnr ir{' Ea }jn M`r} k} ky y`km?

]jn M`r}, }jn M`r} }jn ir~nl M`r}

Nqnr{ {n`r mnf`gmy ` jn`r}

]jn xef`g treb`bl{ x`g}nm }e ye~gm y{ft`}jn}ki, b~} k} i`fn e~} `y ` ckgmea }jrn`} er i~ryn' ]jn lehki bnjkgm k}, tl iny cgexg }e j`qn }jnkr b~kl} kg

g`}~r`l fngìn yje~lm bn trnynrqnm, tre}ni}nm lkcn yìrnm yk}ny, `gm lna}

~g}e~ijnm' K} `lye j`ttngnm }e bn }jn ileyny} tekg} }e }jn rkqnry nmhn' Egn

ie~lm o~y} `y n`ykl{ ylkt mexg kg}e }jn x`}nr `y brn`c egny lnh eg }jn

rkqnrb`gc'

K? K mkmg} annl lkcn xn`rkgh f{ xnllkny'

Yjn? @l}je~hj {e~ gnnmnm }jnf'Nrrery ea o~mhnfng} `rn heem kg}rem~i}kegy }e }jn ìikmng}'

]jn arkngmlkgnyy ea ` ynirn} ngnf{ i`g egl{ bn }jn xerckgh ea }jn nqkl n{n'

Re{, }jn rn}krnm fnij`gki, leecnm }ee kgp~kyk}kqnl{ `} fn xjng `yckgh fn jex

K `f' K y`km? Qnr{ xnll }j`gc {e~' ]xe je~ry l`}nr K j`m }jn al~' ]jn

fnij`gki`l nqkl n{n xercy nytnik`ll{ xnll `} ` mky}`gin' Jky aerfnr t`r}gnr

xje gex r~gy }jn h`r`hn }ehn}jnr xk}j ` I`lkb`g `yyky}`g} xjeyn aìn ky ye

mkyakh~rnm K j`qn gnqnr m`rnm }e leec `} jkf *K cgex k} egl{ b{ jn`ry`{+


8/18

:

etnr`}n kg }jn y`fn a`yjkeg' ]jn{ ie~g} eg xn`}jnr `gm g`}~r`l aeriny }e yn}

}jnkr ieg}r`t}kegy kg fe}keg' ]kfkgh menyg} f`}}nr' ]jn{ `rn ge} kg ` j~rr{'

9' I`qny

Kg }jn y}er{ ]jn Kffer}`l b{ Berhny }rehlem{}ny tl`{ `g kfter}`g} t`r}'

]jn{ `rn ` q`l~`bln lk}nr`r{ akz}~rn i`qn mxnllnry, `gikng} hnehr`tj{

fng}kegnm kg Feg}nyp~kn~y Ln}}rny Tnry`gny `lye kg Al`qk~y' ]rehlem{}ny

`rn }jn ijklmrng ea @br`j`f b{ ` xkan à}nr }jn mn`}j ea Y`r`j' ]jn g`}~r`l

kgilkg`}keg kg }jn h`rmng ky `lye }jn aerf`}keg ea i`qny `ge}jnr treea ea }jn

nyyng}k`l ierrnytegmngin bn}xnng }jn qnhn}`bln `gm fkgnr l kg g`}~rn' ]jn

qnhn}`bln i`qny `rn m`rc m`ft tlìny f`mn b{ tl`g}y hrexkgh eg }et ea

tl`g}y, tklkgh ~t reeay ea aelk`hn ~teg `rf`}~rny ea br`gijny' ]jn g`}~r`l

hnemnyki aerfy `rn trem~inm b{ }jn y}r~hhln ea tl`g}y aer jnhnfeg{' Tl`g}y

`rn i`qn trem~inry ka ge} i`qn mxnllnry' Ky }jky }jn xkll kg tl`g}y5 @iiermkgh }e

}jnerkny ea fn}nfty{ijeyky }jky xkll iefny aref ye~ly eg }jnkr rny}lnyy i{iln

ea }r`gyfkhr`}keg gex kgj`bk}kgh }jn tl`g}' Ffn mn Y}`l p~e}ny Yij~bnr}y

tjkleyetj{ ea tl`g} xkll' Yijetngj`~nr kgierter`}ny }jnyn kmn`y ea xkll kggeg&j~f`g irn`}~rny er ng}k}kny kg}e jky hngnr`l tjkleyetj{ ea xkll, `l}je~hj

jn j`y egl{ yierg aer Yij~bnr}y Y{fbelkc mny ]r`~fny *Y{fbelkyf ea

Mrn`fy+' Gkn} yijn xre}n mky`ttreqkghl{ ea Yijetngj`~nry ebynyykeg xk}j

xkll? 028' Yijetngj`~nr, fk} ynkgnr @gg`jfn , m`yy @llny, x`y m` ynk, g~r

n}x`y Xellngmny ynk, j`} nkgn ~r`l}n F{}jelehkn `~a mng ]jreg hnjebng3*+

*Arjlkijn Xkyyngyijà}, Fgijng, 0;::, t' =:9+ *Yijetngj`~nr, xk}j jky

`yy~ft}keg, }j`} nqnr{}jkgh xjkij ky jnrn, i`g egl{ bn yefn}jkgh xjkij xklly,tlìnm `g `gikng} f{}jeleh{ eg }jn }jregn3*++' Ebqke~yl{ Gkn} yijn

nzil~mny jkfynla aref }jeyn nlnq`}kgh xkll }e }jn i`~yn nzil~ykqnl{ `} xerc kg

}jn ~gkqnryn'

Xjng }jn gnkhjbe~ry y}`r}lkgh b~rhl`r lkhj} y}rkcny }jn Yie}y tkgn k} leecy lkcn

`g `giny}r`l }exnr' ]jn h`rmng yc{yir`tnr' Y`fn elm xkll' ]jn ytkmnry

y}rn}ij }jnkr }rktxkrny aref b~yj }e b~yj }jn }kty ea }jn Bnrbnrky `gm }jn

reyn `rn emml{ }kl}nm b~} }jn xkll kyg} }jnkry' Mn}nrfkgnm `ttn`r`giny `rn kg

}jky i`yn fey} a`lyn }jn mn}nrfkg`}keg ky jkmkgh kg }jn ytkmnr'


9/18

;

]jn rìn ea i`qn mxnllnry lkqnm kg @r`bk` Anlkz, eg }jn @arki`g Rnm Yn` ie`y}

}jeyn ijklmrng ea @br`j f fng}kegnm b{ Al`qk~y' ]jn{ xnrn y`km }e j`qn ln`m

}jn ]~rcy mexg ynirn} t`yy`hny kg }kfny ea x`r' Berhny ~yny `ll ea }jnyn

`}}rkb~}ny *nlnfng}y+ kg jky y}er{' ]jn g`rr`}er akgmy }jn ynfk&iegyike~y

y}~tnaknm }rehlem{}n x`k}kgh aer jkf lkcn ` le{`l meh rn`m{ }e ln`m jkf bìc e~}

ea }jn l`b{rkg}j `x`{ aref }jn Ik}{ ea }jn Kffer}`ly' ]jn Ik}{ x`y ye

tnrqnrynl{ iegy}r~i}nm ye `y }e ngy~rn ` tnrf`gng} gekyefn trnyngin ea nqkl

kg }jn ~gkqnryn, tell~}kgh t`y} `gm a~}~rn, nqng }jrn`}ngkgh }jn y}`ry'

Yefnjex Berhny jkg}y }j`} }jky Ik}{ fkhj} bn ` t`r`bln aer }jn Ik}{ ea Legmeg

nytnik`ll{ }jn t`r} `re~gm }jn B`rbki`g' ]jn y}er{ y}`r}y kg Legmeg }jn

ar`fn ky ` f`g~yirkt} ae~gm kg ` yn} ea Tetny Klk`m yelm }e ` Trkginyy ea

L~ikghny b{ `g `g}kp~n mn`lnr' ]jn {n`r ky 0;2;, }jn {n`r ea }jn Hrn`} Ir`yj'

]jn i`qny `rn kg Legmeg }ee }jn ~gmnrhre~gm, }jn }~ggnly'

=' A`yiky} Ieff~gkeg

G`gi{ yjexy jkfynla }jre~hj }jn n{ny ea B`}`klln' B`}`klln ky `g `~}jng}ki

xk}gnyy ea a`yikyf jn lkqnm }jre~hj }jn mky}rnyykgh tnrkem, xjkij G`gi{ i`lly}jn fer}`l iegal`hr`}keg ea niy}`y{' Kg G`gi{y }nz} ]jn Kgetnr`}kqn

Ieff~gk}{ & k} ky B`}`kllny yx`{kgh egn ky lnm }e ynn & bn}xnng }jn telny ea

ieff~gk}{ `gm niy}`y{, ` rj{}jf mki}`}nm b{ `g `hn kg xjkij }jnyn telny ea

}r`gyhrnyykeg xnrn xj`} x`y }jng bnkgh&kg&ieffeg' Kg }jn ie~ryn ea }jky

yx`{kgh, ieff~gk}{ `gm niy}`y{ `gm bnkgh ij`ghn tlìny arnp~ng}l{ `y

`ge}jnr tl`{nr yeqnrnkhg}{ & `ttn`ry `gm mky`ttn`ry'

Yeqnrnkhg}{ kg B`}`klln `y egn ~gmnry}`gmy aref G`gi{y rn`mkgh ea Mnrrkm`yrn`mkgh ea B`}`klln ky `g kg}r~ykeg aref B`}`kllny lkanlegh trneii~t`}keg

*ebynyykeg+ xk}j Jnhnly f y}nr&yl`qn mk`lni}ki' Mnrrkm` rnanry }e B`}`kllny

~grnynrqnm Jnhnlk`gkyf iegykmnrnm b{ be}j G`gi{ `gm Mnrrkm` }e bn `

xn`cgnyy er `} ln`y} ` lkfk} ea jky }nz}' Yeqnrnkhg}{ ky xj`} trnqng}y B`}`klln

aref p~k}n ieftln}nl{ `b`gmegkgh er iegmnfgkgh }jn y~boni} `y

~grnynrqnml{ `y G`gi{ meny' ]jn y~boni} ky yeqnrnkhg `l}je~hj `} }jn y`fn

}kfn Yeqnrnkhg ky GE]JKGH'' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}', t' 0:+

Yeqnrnkhg ky }jn f`y}nr jky }r~}j }je~hj ky akg`ll{ }jn yl`qny iegyike~ygnyy'


10/18

04

]jky x`y Jnhnly gnqnr&ngmkgh yi`gm`l aer B`}`klln' Ieff~gk}{ `gm niy}`y{

ky }j`} egn teyykbln }r`gyl`}keg ea yl`qn `gm f`y}nr5

B`}`kllny n{n egl{ etngy `} jky exg tnrkl }e ynn ky }e mkn' ]jn Fnm~y` i~ryn

ea iegyike~ygnyy' Yefn ea }jky m`ghnr jeqnry eqnr G`gi{y }nz} er meny jn

o~y} yn} ~t egny xjnrn k} fkhj} l`gm xk}je~} teyynyykgh }jn mn`}j&mna{kgh

iegyike~ygnyy ea }jn Jnhnlk`g f`y}nr, b~} r`}jnr }jn iegyike~ygnyy ea }jn ynla&

trnynrqkgh yl`qn ye }j`} }jn `ghnl ea mn`}j o~y} t`yyny eqnr5

Aer B`}`klln yeqnrnkhg}{, ka ge} y~tnrker }e ieff~gk}{ `} ln`y} nzky}y eg

`ge}jnr tl`gn' E~} ea `g nztnrkngin ea mky`ttekg}fng} xk}j `ll

ieff~gk}`rk`g treoni}y ea jky }kfn, }jn bn}r`{`l ea ieff~gkyf `gm jky

a`yikg`}keg xk}j a`yikyf er a`yiky} erhk`y}kiy B`}`klln mn}`ijny

yeqnrnkhg}{ aref `g{}jkgh ieffeg `gm `lle}y k} }e }jeyn lkqkgh kg `ii~rynm

kyel`}keg leqnry `gm }jn `r}ky}' Egl{ }jn{ ynnf }e bn rnyky}`g} }e }jn a~ykeg

ea ieff~gk}{ `gm k}y a`yiky} erh{' Jnrn }je~hj niy}`y{ mnynr}y ieff~gk}{ aer

yeqnrnkhg}{' Yeqnrnkhg}{ `y nfbemknm kg }jn yeqnrnkhg kyel`}keg ea leqnry er

}jn `r}ky} ky niy}`}ki' Gex *+ k} x`y kfteyykbln aer jkf *B`}`klln yf+ }e lkgc

aerfy ea yeqnrnkhg}{ er niy}`y{ }e }jn nh`lk}`rk`g ieff~gk}{, kgmnnm }eieff~gk}{ kg hngnr`l' ]jnyn aerfy nyyng}k`ll{ }jn yeqnrnkhg}{ ea leqnry

`gm }j`} ea }jn `r}ky}, }jn egn `gm }jn e}jnr `gm }jn egn kg }jn e}jnr yn} `t`r}

aref }jn erhk`y}kiy ea a`yikyf, b~} `lye aref ieff~gky} np~`lk}{ ie~lm ge}

b~} `ttn`r }e jkf `y niy}`ykny *+ xk}je~} `g{ jelm *+ eg }jn ieff~gk}{

kg}e xjkij }jn{ gegn}jnlnyy j`m }e bn xeqng, `rn`lk nm, er kgyirkbnm, *+

*G`gi{, ]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{ et' ik}', t' 24+ Y~ij ` yeqnrnkhg}{ ea

leqnry `gm }jn `r}ky} ynnfy }e j`qn y~rqkqnm `} ln`y} `y ` a`mkgh fnfer{ kg }jnrnl`}keg ea ge rnl`}keg tey}~l`}nm b{ B`mke~ `y }jn `fere~y yingn ea }xe er

kg jky mnykhg`}kgh `r} `y egn ea }jn e}jnr ae~r }r~}j treinyyny ykfkl`r }e }jn

}r~}j treinyyny yikngin `gm leqn `} ln`y} }jnyn }jrnn te}ng}k`l leik ea }r~}j&

nqng}y eii~r kg `g}`hegky}ki kyel`}keg aref `g{ yer} ea bnkgh&xk}j' B`mke~

~glkcn G`gi{ ky trnikynl{ ieginrgnm xk}j }jn ~gn`r}jkgh ea gnx y~boni}y ea

}r~}j fern er lnyy ierrnytegmkgh }e }r~}j treinyyny' ]jn = }j }r~}j treinyy

telk}kiy ynnfy }e ~gmnrfkgn }je~hj B`mke~y }{teleh{ ea yeqnrnkhg y~boni}y


11/18

00

xje ky }jn y~boni} ea }jn }r~}j ea telk}kiy }jn yeqnrnkhg er }jn

ieff~gk}{5

*ynn Ytni}rny ea Jnkmnhhnr `} Bkrcbnic, A`~y} Ynrkny Et~y ;, 9 rm @~h~y} 2404+

K} ky ge} o~y} B`}`kllny yx`{kgh egn ynny kg G`gi{y }nz} G`gi{ jkfynla ky

y~ytngmnm bn}xnng }jn y`fn }xe telny ea ieff~gk}{ `gm niy}`y{ gnqnr

y~rn kg xjkij mkrni}keg jn ky feqkgh `} `g{ hkqng fefng}' Jn ky lkcn }jn

]`re} akh~rn ea }jn j`ghkgh f`g xje j`ghy etng n{nm aref jky ann} aref `

h`llexy ì~}nl{ iehgk `g} *}jn iln`r iegyike~ygnyy ea }jn ieff~g`l gkhj} +

ea `ll jky y~rre~gmkghy, b~} ~g`bln }e iefn }e ` iln`r mnikykeg `be~} }jn

f~l}k}~mn ea mn}`kly trnyng}kgh }jnfynlqny }e jky ~tykmn&mexg akznm h` n'

*+}jn t`r`mez ea ` }jkgckgh f`hgn}ki`ll{ `}}rì}nm }ex`rm ieff~gk}{ `gm

{n} heqnrgnm b{ ` }jnfn ea }jn yeqnrnkhg}{ ea ` y~boni} ' Aer B`}`klln, `y aer ~y

`ll, ` }jkgckgh ea }jn y~boni} }jx`r}y ` }jkgckgh ea ieff~gk}{' *]jn

Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}', t' 29+

Xj{ ky bnkgh&kg&ieffeg kg G`gi{y yngyn g}k}jn}ki`l }e yeqnrnkhg}{5 Kyg}

bnkgh&kg&ieffeg `lrn`m{ yeqnrnkhg ìiermkgh }e G`gi{ kg }j`} k} ky }j`} ng}k}{

}e xjkij ykgh~l`r bnkgh ky nzteynm er `b`gmegnm, o~y} `y k} ky }e `g{ e}jnraerf ea yeqnrnkhg}{ nzint} }j`} kg }jn i`yn ea bnkgh&kg&ieffeg yeqnrnkhg}{

trnyng}y k}ynla mkrni}l{ `y akgk}~mn5 Bnkgh&kg&ieffeg ky be}j }j`} xjkij

trnyng}y k}ynla kg akgk}~mn `gm }jn ie~r} }jn l`x }e xjkij bnkgh&kg&

ieffeg ky trnyng}kgh xjnrn k} j`y k}y jn`rkgh' Ieff~gk}{ `y l`x ky

yeqnrnkhg }ex`rm bnkgh&kg&ieffeg `y akgk}~mn t`yykgh o~mhnfng} eg akgk}n

ykgh~l`r bnkghy' Ky }jn o~mhnfng} ea ieff~gk}{ `y l`x ge} ` y~boni}5 @

xerc5 Ky }j`} ge} g kff`gng} ikri~l`rk}{ ea bnkgh&kg&ieffeg5

Kg aì}, k} ky ` t`r`l{yky er ikri~l`rk}{ ea }je~hj}, xjkij G`gi{ ky mnyirkbkgh,

*np~kq`lng} }e jky bk `rrn kmn` ea `g `}eflnyy ilkg`fng+, ` fe}keglnyy

feqnfng}, ` }rnfblkgh y}`gmy}kll kg }jn }nz} ikrilkgh `re~gm yefn}jkgh jn

i`gge} p~k}n tjr`yn *ger ge} tjr`yn+ b~} `l}nrg`}nl{ }e~ijkgh ieff~gk}{,

niy}`y{, mn`}j, nz}nrfkg`}keg' Kg ` ckgm ea ieganyykeg & jn ynfk&mkyileyny `

ij`y}n Ijrky}k`g l~y} aer }jn a`yiky} nzinyy xj`} jn rnanry }e `y a`yiky}

erhk`y}kiy' Ytn`ckgh ea B`}`klln `gm ynqnr`l e}jnry G`gi{ rnanry }e }jnkr


12/18

02

a`yikg`}keg xk}j a`yikyf kg`yf~ij `y k} ynnfnm }e kgmki`}n }jn mkrni}keg *+

ea `g kg}ngyn ieff~gk}{, mnqe}nm }e nzinyy' *+ A`yikyf x`y }jn hre}nyp~n er

`boni} rny~rhngin ea `g ebynyykeg xk}j ieff~gkeg3 k} ir{y}`llk nm }jn fe}ka ea

k}y y~tteynm leyy `gm }jn gey}`lhk` aer k}y kf`hny ea a~ykeg' Kg }jky rnytni}, k}

x`y }jn iegq~lykeg ea Ijrky}k`gk}{, `gm k} ngmnm ~t a`yikg`}kgh femnrg

Ijrky}k`gk}{ kg k}y ng}krn}{' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}' t' 08+

Egn xegmnry xj`} }j`} ky & a`yiky} erhk`y}kiy }jn hr`gk}n bleicy ea t`r}{

yl`qny `} }jn G~rnfbnrh T`r}nk}`h x`k}kgh xk}j egn b`}nm brn`}j aer }jn xerm

ea ieff~gkeg aref }jnkr f y}nr5 ]j`} meny ge} leec lkcn `g erh{' @g erh{

j`y }e me xk}j }e~ijkgh, y`}~rg`lk` }jn ckyy `gm iek}~y ea }jn f yyny' ]jn

ieff~g`l erh{ f~y} kg yefn x`{ fkfki }jn oe{ ea leqnry' Egin `h`kg egn ea

G`gi{y t`r`mezny nzteyny k}ynla `y }jn kggnr rnyyng}kfng} ea }jn }nz} }ex`rmy

bnkgh xjkij xe~lm nq`mn }jn l`x `lk`y ieff~gk}{, bnkgh xjkij ky ge}

`b`gmegnm }e }j`} l`x' Ieff~gk}{ ky hkqng }e ~y er xn `rn hkqng `gm

`b`gmegnm }e ieff~gk}{? ` hka} }e bn rngnxnm `gm ieff~gki`}nm, k} ky ge} `

xerc }e bn megn er trem~inm' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}', t' 9>+

@gm `y y~ij }jky ieff~gk}{, ` hka}, xjkij {e~ i`gge} nqng hkqn b`ic ka {e~

x`g}nm }e *`l}je~hj Nyteyk}e fern ` rn`lky} xkll ytn`c ea jex }e bniefnkff~gn }e }jky hka}+ j`y k}y x`{y ea rnyky}kgh xj`} kg }~rg rnyky}y k}y hka} ea

k}ynla? Ieff~gk}{ ky, kg ` yngyn, rnyky}`gin k}ynla? g`fnl{, rnyky}`gin }e

kff`gngin' *+ *rnyky}`gin }e }jn ieff~gkeg ea nqnr{egn er }e }jn nzil~ykqn

t`yykeg ea egn er ynqnr`l? }e `ll }jn aerfy `gm `ll }jn qkelnginy ea

y~boni}kqk}{+' *kbkm'+

Leqnry aerf }jn nz}rnfn }je~hj ge} nz}nrg`l lkfk} ea ieff~gk}{' *]jnKgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}', t' 9:+ *G`gi{ kfk}`}ny `gm ~gmnrfkgny

B`}`kllny t`r}k`lk}{ aer leqnry+' B~} leqnry kg G`gi{y qknx fnrnl{ mnfegy}r`}n

niy}`y{ aer }jn bngnak} ea ieff~gk}{ }jn{ yn} ` yer} ea y}`gm`rm ea yj`rkgh

bn}xnng ykgh~l`r bnkghy *ge} y~boni}y+, xjkij }jn ieff~gk}{ i`g n`ykl{

`ttretrk`}n' ]jky meny ge} eii~r `y ` f`}}nr ea ie~ryn b~} k} ky ieff~gk}{y

te}ng}k`l' Bni`~yn `l}je~hj bn}xnng leqnry ky xjnrn niy}`y{, oe{ }e~ijny k}y

lkfk} ieff~gk}{ kyniy}`y{ ye leqnry f~y} bn nzteynm }e ieff~gk}{ er

`rn k}y nztey~rn ea k}y exg kggnrfey} teyykbklk}{' ]jky ky }jn gemn kg G`gi{y


13/18

09

}nz} xjnrn jn ky fey} f`hgn}ki`ll{ mr`xg }e a`yikyf er }e a`yiky} nzinyy `y

}jn `llnhnm t`rez{yf ea ieff~gkeg *mnlkrk~f ea kgi`rg`}nm ieff~gkeg,

kbkm'+ bni`~yn kg jky qknx egl{ kg }jn a`yiky} erh{ i`g ieff~gk}{ bniefn }jn

leqnr ea k}ynla `gm `} }jn y`fn }kfn }e~ij k}ynla `y ` ieff~gk}{ ea leqnry' B~}

xj`} meny }jky }e~ijkgh leec lkcn5 K} ky ` }e~ijkgh ea }jn lkfk}' O~y} `y egn ky

jetkgh }e mkyieqnr xj`} }jn ieff~gkeg&erh{ ea }jn a`yiky} f`yyny fkhj} bn

G`gi{ yjkny `x`{ aref }jn }r`gyhrnyykeg jky }nz} mnykrny `gm mrety bìc mexg

kg}e `g kf`hn ea ` xerc, ge} ea leqn? Leqnry }e~ij nìj e}jnr, ~glkcn anllex

ik}k ngy *~glnyy, egin `h`kg, kg }jn mnlkrk~f ea ` a`g`}kik nm f`yy er kg }jn

tklkgh ~t ea nz}nrfkg`}nm bemkny xjnrnqnr k} ky ` f`}}nr ea ` xerc+' *]jn

Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}', 9;+ Kg }jky t`rng}jn}ki`l rnf`rc trnaìnm

b{ egin `h`kg }jn }nz} aelmy ~teg k}ynla rnqn`lkgh k}y `b{yy`l }ròni}er{' ]jn

t`rng}jnyky ieg}`kgy *`gm ynhrnh`}ny+ }jn hre~gmlnyy hre~gm ea ieff~gk}{

xjkij G`gi{ iegin`ly `gm rnqn`ly kginyy`g}l{ }jre~hje~} jky }nz} `y ka k}

fkrrernm jky exg treinyy ea }jkgckgh `gm ~g}jkgckgh ea ` }je~hj}? }j`} }jn

a`g`}kik nm f`yy fn`gkgh }jn }jrnn&jn`mnm j{brkm? }jn a~ykeg & G` k y}`}n&

tnetln&feqnfng} ky xj`} G`gi{ mnykrny kg ieff~gk}{ `gm }j`} egl{ kg }jky

nz}rnfn aerf i`g ieff~gk}{ rn`lkyn k}y te}ng}k`l aer ieff~gkeg & xjkij ky `}

}jn qnr{ ln`y} xjng ik}k ngy }e~ij egn `ge}jnr' B~} }jn egl{ nz`ftln jn i`g}jkgc ea ky }jn }e~ijkgh ea mn`m bemkny er r`}jnr nz}nrfkg`}nm bemkny

*`g`lehe~y }e }jn Ijrky}k`g xeryjkt ea }jn ~gkp~n mn`m bem{ ea Ijrky}+

xjeyn kgnr} nzky}ngin i fn `be~} `y }jn xerc ea }jn ieff~gkeg' ]jn

ieff~gkeg }`cny tlìn ge} }jre~hj }jn mkrni} nre}ki }e~ijkgh ea }jn

ieff~gk}{ ea k}ynla er ea }jn mnkaknm r~lnr b~} y~blkf`}nm }jre~hj }jn

ieff~g`l }e~ijkgh ea }jn ieff~gkegy nre}ki xerc ea nz}nrfkg`}keg' ]jky

rnynfblny ` }{tki`l y}r~i}~rn ea tnrqnrykeg `y kg mn Y`mny rnt~blki ea irkfn }jn tnrqnryn ng}k}{ iegy}k}~}ny k}ynla nre}ki`ll{ }jre~hj }jn }e}`l

`ttretrk`}keg `gm nztretrk`}keg ea }jn bem{ k}y exg `gm }jn e}jnry'

Cleyyexyck kg jky `g`l{yky ea mn Y`mny kmn` ea ieff~gk}{ mkyieqnry kg jky

~}etk` ea }jn lkfk}lnyy bem{ ` treinyy p~k}n ykfkl`r }e G`gi{y mkaaki~l} `gm

nl~ykqn iegint} ea ieftn`rkgh * ief&t`r`} +? @g kgjnrng} etnr`}keg ea }jn

tj`g}`y{ ea }jn tnrqnryn ky }jn `belkyjkgh *mkqny}kgh+ ea tretnr}{ eg egny exg

bem{ `y xnll `y }jn e}jnry' ]jn tnrqnryn etnr`}er kgj`bk}y }jn bem{ ea }jn

e}jnr `y jky exg `gm kg }jky x`{ ieff~gki`}ny *`tter}kegy+ jky exg bem{ }e


14/18

0=

}jn bem{ ea }jn e}jnr' *Tknrrn Cleyyexyck, Y`mn ~gm Ae~rknr kg? Lnc}rn ~

mn Y`mn, Ar`gca~r}, 0;:0, t' 22=+ Nzint}, kg etteyk}keg }e G`gi{y

ieftn`rkgh, xjkij ky }jn yj`rkgh `gm ytlk}}kgh ea ykgh~l`rk}kny nzteynm kg

ieff~gk}{ & kg mn Y`mny tnrqnryn ieyfey }jn `belkyjkgh ea }jn lkfk}

*yj`rkgh+ bn}xnng bemkny ky megn eg ` y}rki}l{ qng`l `gm tni~gk`r{ b`yky'

G`gi{ ynnfy }e rn}rì} `gm g~llka{ jky il`kf }e j`qn mkyieqnrnm }jn oe{ ea

leqnry kg }jn mnlkrk~f ea }jn a`g`}kik nm f`yy, xjkij ky G` kyf aer

ieff~gk}{ ky, ìiermkgh }e G`gi{, `beqn `ll nlyn, ge} ` xerc k} ky kgetnr`}kqn

er geg&yìrnm }r`gyingmngin' Jn egl{ `llexy jkfynla }e bnhkg }e ytn`c ea

leqn, }jn }e~ijkgh ea }jn tklnm ~t nz}nrfkg`}nm bemkny kg }jn i`fty *}jeyn

xje tkln ~t }e~ij }jn bemkny `gm bemkny }e~ij egn `ge}jnr kg }jn tklny ea }jn

mn`}j xerc+ b~} ngmy xk}j ` f`}}nr ea xerc }jkgckgh tnrj`ty }j`} }jn

il`yykaki`}keg `y xerc xkll kff~gk n }jn }je~hj} `h`kgy} k}y exg qel~t} '

K} ynnfy fern tretnr }e y`{ xerc kg }jn ieg}nz} ea }jn nz}nrfkg`}keg ì} }j`g

leqn `l}je~hj x`y k} ge} }jn xerc ea leqn }jn ynz~`lk nm leqn ea Qelc `gm

Ajrnr xjkij yt`xgnm }jn @~yijxk} tl`gn} `gm k}y gnx kmn` ea xerc

nfbemknm kg @rbnk} fìj} arnk5 @l}je~hj G`gi{ }rkny }e mkytlìn xerc xk}jleqn kg jky kmn`l ge}keg ea a`yiky} ieff~gkeg xerc kgnqk}`bl{ `yynr}y k}ynla'

K} ky }jn ykftln rnyky}`gin ea }jn yjnnr niegefki`l g`}~rn ea a`yikyf }e `g{

ieg}rkqnm }r`gyingmngin' ]jky mnytk}n }jn aì}, }j`} a`yikyf ky }jn ytkrk}~`l

fnyyk`gki e}jnr ea i`tk}`lkyf jngin ye trnike~y aer k}y y~rqkq`l' B`}`klln

hr`ytnm }jn kg}kf`}n ieggni}keg bn}xnng ` a`yiky} }jner{ ea q`l~n *k}y

mkyieqnr{ ea jnrn}eaern ~gcgexg ye~riny%`hngikny ea q`l~n+ `gm yìrkakin,

mn`}j, nzinyy ea ngmlnyy iegy~ft}keg' ]jn{ j`m aer jkf ` trnmefkg`g}l{ niegefki rkgh'

Ka }jnrn ky }r`gyingmngin kg a`yikyf }jng egl{ }jre~hj xerc b~} xj`} ckgm ea

xerc5

]jn ynfkg`l G` k Hny}`l}, k}y hngnrki ykghln}eg, akz`}nm kg ` xerc b{ Nrgy}

Oghnr, xjkij ye kftrnyynm Jnkmnhhnr, x`y ge} }jn Leqnr r`}jnr }jn Xercnr'

*Mnr @rbnk}nr & Jnrryijà} ~gm Hny}`l}+


15/18

0>

Xj`} }jng nzì}l{ ky }jn kgetnr`}kqn ieff~gk}{5 Bnykmny rnqn`lkgh }j`} k} ky

ge} ` xerc ger mnmki`}nm }e `g{ ckgm ea trem~i}keg `gm }j`} `l}je~hj ge}

yìrnm b~} ` yer} ea rntlìnfng} aer }jn yìrnm, G`gi{ meny lk}}ln }e mkytnl }jn

f{y}nr{ ea }jky leeyn `ttnll`}keg ea bnkgh' K} ky kg `g{ i`yn ` Bnkgh' Egn i`g

bn aerhkqng aer ge} p~k}n ~gmnry}`gmkgh ge} nqng @h`fbng xje tle~hjy }jn

y`fn a~rrex i`g y`{ f~ij fern }j`g & ]jn egl{ iejnrng} x`{ }e ~gmnry}`gm

kgetnr`}kqngnyy ky }e }jkgc ea k} `y ` hngnrki femn ea te}ng}k`lk}{ }j`} ky ge}

nzj`~y}nm *+ kg ` }r`gyk}~y mn te}ng}k` `m ì}~f ' *ynn Hkerhke @h`fbng,

Jefe Yìnr, Yeqnrnkhg Texnr `gm B`rn Lkan, Y}`gaerm ^gkqnryk}{ Trnyy, 0;;>,

t' 12+ Xj{ }jng y`{ kgetnr`}kqn5 ka }jky meny ge} fn`g brecng er ebyeln}n

`} }jn qnr{ ln`y} k} ky ` ckgm ea kmlngnyy tnrj`ty `g nztni}`g} egn b~} ge}

egn kg xjkij egn meny `g{}jkgh kg t`r}ki~l`r xjkij fkhj} bniefn ` y~boni},

egn egl{ ~gmeny ky k} ` femn ea te}ng}k`lk}{ ea }jn ngm ` ckgm ea x`k}kgh aer

}jn ngm er ` ieff~gk}{ }ex`rmy }jn ngm5 Er ` rn`mkgnyy `y kg rn`m{&}e&j`gm,

`x`k}kgh ` xerc xjkij i`gge} {n} bn ieginkqnm' Ky }jky xerc&}e&iefn tnrj`ty

Jnkmnhhnry Nrnkhgky *akg`l nqng} er `ttretrk`}keg+5 ]j`} ky xj{ }jn

ieff~gk}{ y}kll bn`ry xerc kg }jn gnh`}kqn yngyn kg k}y g`fn ` i`ginllnm

xerc b~} egn, xjkij ie~lm bn rngnxnm `} `g{ fefng}' Y}kll, k} ky ge} o~y} `

mna~gi} `r}naì} ea `b`gmegfng} `l}je~hj egn ky `b`gmegnm }e k}' G`gi{ jkg}y `} xj`} }jn ~gxercnm xerc ea }jn kgetnr`}kqn ieff~gk}{ fkhj} bn er

r`}jnr xj`} yer} ea xerc xkll rnyky} bnkgh ~gxercnm nqng kg }jn kgetnr`}kqn

ieff~gk}{' ]jky `ttn`ry kg ` aee}ge}n `ttngmnm }e }jn il`kf?

Ieff~gki`}keg ky }jn ~gxerckgh ea xerc }j`} ky yeik`l, niegefki, }nijgki`l

`gm kgy}k}~}keg`l' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{ et' ik}', t' 90+ K} ky ge}

}je~hj }jn ~gxerckgh ea }jn telk}ki l' ]jn aee}ge}n ieg}`kgy ` il~n }e }jn

treqng`gin ea }jn kgetnr`}kqn ieff~gk}{ k} ky ` bnkgh xk}j ` t`r}ki~l`retnggnyy aer }jn telk}ki l? K me ge} kgil~mn }jn telk}ki`l jnrn' Kg }jn aerf ea

}jn Y}`}n er }jn T`r}{ *ka ge} }jn Y}`}n&T`r}{+, k} kgmnnm ynnfy }e bn }jn ermnr

ea ` xerc' B~} k} ky tnrj ty `} }jn jn`r} ea }jn telk}ki`l }j`} ieff~gk}`rk`g

~gxerckgh rnyky}y' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}', t' 0>:+ Xj{ meny

}jn telk}ki`l y~mmngl{ `ttn`r kg }jn fkmy} ea ieff~gk}{, y~tteynml{ fnrnl{

}jn lei~y ea ar`}nrg`l yj`rkgh, gex }jn ermnr ea ` xerc ea ` Y}`}n er }jn T`r}{5

Xj`} Y}`}n&T`r}{ fkhj} jn bn rnanrrkgh }e inr}`kgl{ ge} }jn Ieff~gky}

T`r}{5 G`gi{ xk}j }{tki`l Jnkmnhhnrk`g B`~nrgyijl~n *tn`y`g} yl{gnyy+


16/18

01

ynnfy }e j`qn jkmmng }jn t~rteyn ea jky ynnfkghl{ t~rteynlnyy

ieff~gki`}keg&ieff~gk}{ kg ` aee}ge}n & k} ky }jn b`yn aer ` telk}ki`l

nqng}~`lk}{ egn xjeyn te}ng}k`lk}{ kgil~mny ` Y}`}n&T`r}{' ]jn kgetnr`}kqn

ieff~gk}{ ky ge} o~y} `g `gem{gn bnkgh&kg&ieffeg k} ky ` iefkgh Y}`}n

`g nzky}kgh egn xe~lm j`rml{ gnnm }e rnyky}, k} `lrn`m{ ky'

Ky ieff~gk}`rk`g rnyky}`gin G`gi{y aerf ea `g}k&i`tk}`lkyf5 Er ky k} r`}jnr

a`yikg`}kgh a`yikyf & xjkij j`bk}~`ll{ `yy~fny }jky h~kyn5 A`yikyf i~rny }jn

y}`}n aer i`tk}`lkyf, `ge}jnr `ytni} ea k}y bnkgh }jn j{teirk}ki`l e}jnr ea

i`tk}`lkyf, k}y gnh`}keg `gm a~lakllfng}' Gnh`}keg fn`gy }jn kff gng}

gnh`}keg ea i`tk}`l xk}jkg k}ynla nzter}nm }e }jn a`yiky} tl`gn ea }jn telk}ki`l'

Jnrn i`tk}`l mkyh~kyny k}ynla kg }jn ij`rì}nr f`yc ea telk}ki`l }jneleh{ kg k}y

}kfn ea rnhngnr`}keg *t`lkghngnyky+ er jn`lkgh kg telk}ki`l niy}`y{ *e~}ykmn ea

k}ynla+ k} `yy~fny }jn ij`rì}nrky}ki fnyyk`gki aìn ea a`yikyf' I`tk}`lkyf

`b`gmegy k}ynla kg }jn telk}ki`l, xjkij ky a`yikyf, `y ka k} xnrn kg jkmkgh aref

k}ynla ~g}kl }jn gninyy`r{ t~rh`}kqn }kfn ea gnh`}kqn rntrem~i}keg ky ieftln}nm'

]jky ky }jn gkhj} ea B`}`kllny l` t`r} f`~mk}n ea }jn hngnr`l niegef{ & xjng

i`tk}`lkyf f~y} he }e }jn `rij`ki ree}y ea `ll nztngmk}~rn aer k}y rno~qng`}keg

kg bleem'

]jn Kgetnr`}kqn Ieff~gk}{ yj`rny }jn y`fn }jkgckgh nztrnyynm kg yefn ea

Jnkmnhhnry l`}nr xrk}kgh eg }jn a~}~rn ea }e}`l febklk `}keg à}nr }jn

kg}nrr~t}keg ea }jn f{}j i`~ynm b{ }jn mnan`} ea }jn G` k Y}`}n kg 0;=>' A`{n

kg jky `g`l{yky ea Jnkmnhhnry xrk}kghy Bnk}rhn z~r Tjkleyetjkn `gm Eg

Nrgy} Oghnr j`y mniktjnrnm kg }jnf ` q`mn fni~f ea Jnkmnhhnry telk}ki`l

kgy}r~i}kegy aer tey}nrk}{? Ka xn j`m }jn ln`y} me~b} `be~} xj`} ky rn`ll{ hekgh eg kg }jn Bnk}rhn , ` t`yy`hn aref jky rning}l{ t~blkyjnm xrk}kghy, Eg

Nrgy} Oghnr , xe~lm mkytnl k}' Kg ` ynrkny ea t`r`hr`tjy hre~tnm ~gmnr }jn

jn`mkgh ]jn P~ny}keg ea ]r~}j *Mkn X`jrjnk}yar`hn+ `gm y~b}k}lnm ]r~}j

`gm akh~rn *X`jrjnk} ~gm Hny}`l}+, xn i`g gex rn`m }jn aellexkgh' ]jn

`}}rkb~}keg ea r`gc ky }jn }e}`l rntrnyng}`}keg ea }e}`l febklkz`}keg *aer }jn

t`yykqn, ì}kqn, `gm mki}`}erk`l }{tny+*}jn f`g{, }jn anx, }jn ~gkp~n+'

]jky }kfn, Jnkmnhhnr yjexy jky j`gm' ]jn iego~r`}keg ea }jn }jrnn ikrilny

nzteynm kg }jn Bnk}rhn kyg} ` }rk`m ea kmn`y b~} }jn ieginr}nm `gm il`gmny}kgn


17/18

08

ì}kq`}keg ea ` texnr mkrni}nm }ex`rm }jn jky}erki`l `mqng} ea ` mki}`}eryjkt'

*+ Jnkmnhhnr ieg}kg~ny, kg }jn Bnk}rhn , }e jelm }e jky kg}nrtrn}`}keg ea

Oghnry }e}`l febklk `}keg xjkij jn iegal`}ny xk}j }jn Jk}lnrk`g `gm

mki}`}erk`l rnl`}keg bn}xnng Ajr~gh `gm Hnaelhyijà} ' K} ky }r~n }j`} xj`}

Jnkmnhhnr mnyirkbny kg }jn Bnk}rhn aerfy `g kgqkykbln `gm `tt`rng}l{ kmln

ieff~gk}{, ` yklng} iego~r`}keg' B~} k}y t~rteyn ky }e trnt`rn `gm x`k} aer }jn

~gkp~n }kfn `gm tlìn `} xjkij }jn tnetln, `yynfblnm ìiermkgh }e `gm b{

fn`gy ea }j`} kgqkykbln ieff~gk}{, xkll bn `bln }e ae~gm }jnkr }r~}j, xjeyn

l`x }jn{ xkll ngaerin eqnr }jn xjeln Xny}nrg xerlm, er nqng }jn ng}krn n`r}j'

*Nff`g~nl A`{n, Jnkmnhhnr, ]jn Kg}rem~i}keg ea G` kyf kg}e Tjkleyetj{,

[`ln ^gkqnryk}{ Trnyy, 244;, t' 2:0+

Jnkmnhhnry kgqkykbln `gm kmln ieff~gk}{, }jn yklng} iego~r`}keg ea }jn

a`k}ja~l xe~lm `ttn`r }e y~rtrkykghl{ kll~fkg`}n }jn ngkhf` ea }jn kgetnr`}kqn

ieff~gk}{' @} ln`y} k} ynrqny `y ` y}rkckgh trninmng} aer y~ij ` }je~hj} ea

ieff~gk}{ kg x`k}kgh'

]jn telk}ki`l ie~lm bn rnh`rmnm `y }jn iemn kg G`gi{y }nz} aer }jn }jkgckgh

ea y~ij ` rkyerhkfng}e ea ` a`yiky} Y}`}n&T`r}{&Tnetln' ]jn kgetnr`}kqn

ieff~gk}{ xe~lm bn }jn i`mrn *B~gm er }jn anx+ kg xjef }jky rn}~rg kyieg}kg~e~yl{ kgyirkbnm kg bnkgh `gm }jn l`x }e xjkij }jn y~bfkyykqn f`g{

`rn `b`gmegnm' Trny~f`bl{ }jn ~gkp~n xe~lm nqng}~`ll{ `rkyn kg k} }ee' Kg

hrn`} ieg}r`mky}kgi}keg }e }jn ae~gmkgh nr` ea a`yikyf kg }jn }xng}kn}j ing}~r{

}jn tey}&femnrg a`yikyf ea }jn kgetnr`}kqn ieff~gk}{ meny ge} ynnf }e

j`qn `g{ egn t`r}ki~l`r }nrrk}er{ ger fn}`tj{yki`l tnetln k} ky gef`mki,

`geg{fe~y, jn`mlnyy, mn}nrrk}erk`lkynm lkcn }jn f~l}k}~mn k} ky ` ckgm ea

L~a}&a`yikyf' ]jn L~a}&a`yikyf ea }em`{ j`y egl{ egn }`ghkbln jefnl`gm `y {n} & kg k}y xrk}kghy k}y Hr`b kg mnr L~a} *hr`qn kg }jn `kr, T`~l Inl`g,

]emnya~hn & Mn`}j A~h~n+' ]jn e~}lkgn ea ykgh~l`rk}{ xe~lm bn telk}ki l

`y xe~lm }jn e~}lkgn ea k}y ieff~gki`}keg `gm k}y niy}`y{' Telk}ki`l xe~lm

fn`g ` ieff~gk}{ ermnrkgh k}ynla }e }jn ~gxerckgh ea k}y ieff~gki`}keg, er

mny}kgnm *nftj`yky yf+ }e }jky ~gxerckgh? *+ ]e `}}`kg y~ij ` ykhgkaki`}keg

ea }jn telk}ki`l meny ge} mntngm, er kg `g{ i`yn ge} ykftl{, eg xj`} ky i`llnm

` telk}ki`l xkll' *+ k} kftlkny xrk}kgh' Xn f~y} ge} y}et xrk}kgh, er ln}}kgh


18/18

}jn ykgh~l`r e~}lkgn ea e~r bnkgh&kg&ieffeg nzteyn k}ynla' *]jn Kgetnr`}kqn

Ieff~gk}{, et' ik}' tt' =4&=0+

G`gi{y ie{ leqn ea a`yikyf `gm k}y `ggkjkl`}keg ea }jn y~boni} cgexg `y

a`yiky} ieff~gkeg ky ` leqn, xjkij m`rn ge} ytn`c k}y g`fn' Egn i`g `lfey}

jn`r B`}`klln l`~hjkgh'

Yj`ggnn F`rcy, Ynt}nfbnr 2404&4;&0>

T~blkyjnm kg A`~y} Ynrkny Et~y ; 04 }j Ynt}nfbnr 2404

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Undoing Clinamen (Of Community)