Unicellular Organisms

Objective 7.L.1.1

Compare the structures and life functions of single-celled

organisms that carry out all of the basic functions of life.

Essential Question:

What are the characteristics of the following single-celled

organisms?

EuglenaAmoeba

ParameciumVolvox

All of the Organisms we talk about today will be

eukaryotic.

They are protists:

eukaryotes that cannot be classified as animals,

plants, or fungi.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bNTQL

qWEpXU

Vocabulary

• unicellular organism: an organism made of one cell

• prokaryotic cell: a cell that doesn’t have a nucleus

• eukaryotic cell: a cell that does have a nucleus

Definitions• locomotive structures: structures that help an organism move

• flagellum: long tail like projection of cell membrane which is adapted as a locomotory organ

• cilia: small hair like projections of cell membrane which are adapted as a locomotory organ

Definitions

• pseudopod: a temporary projection of the cytoplasm of certain cells, especially amoebas, that serves in locomotion and phagocytosis.

Talk with a partner:

What is a protist?

FOLDABLE TIME

Comparisons of Single-

celled Organisms

• Please write down anything that is in RED in your own words. These are the important concepts.

Euglena

• Move by flagellum

• Known for a unique feature—eye spot

• Contain chloroplasts -photosynthesis

• Common in fresh water

• Does not contain a cell wall

Euglena

• Found in calm fresh and salt water

• Autotrophs and Heterotropshs– can make their own food and also eat other things.

• Have features of both plants and animals.

Euglena

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fI7nEWU

jk3A

Amoeba

• Move by cytoplasmic streaming

• Surrounds food and engulfs it using pseudopods, it is then enveloped, stored, and digested in vacuoles

Amoeba

• Can change shape

• Heterotrophic

• Eats bacteria, algae, and other protozoa

• Reproduce asexually

• Can survive forcible division

Amoeba

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvOz4

V699gk

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7pR7T

NzJ_pA

Tell me one characteristic of a euglena and one

characteristic of an amoeba.

Paramecium

• Most complex and specialized of the protists

• Moves by cilia (hairlike projections)

Paramecium

• Can move about 12 body lengths per second

• Shape of a pill capsule

• Heterotrophic

• Relatively large

• Common in pond scum and freshwater

• Contain two nuclei (macro and micro)

Paramecium

• Uses cilia to sweep food into the oral groove

• Feeds on micro-organisms like bacteria, algae, and yeasts

• Stiff elastic membrane gives it shape and is covered in cilia that allow it to spiral through water

Paramecium

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn3M

TYNe8mM

What did one paramecium

say to the other

paramecium?

You’re Cilia than me

Volvox

• A spherical colony of ciliates may include up to 50,000 cells

• Contain chloroplasts

•Move and act as one multi-cellular organism

•Can survive independent of the colony

Volvox

• Type of green algae

• Lives in lots of freshwater habitats –ponds, ditches, puddles, lagoons

• Colonies use flagella to swim

• Cells have eyespots

• Make food via photosynthesis

• Autotrophic

VOLVOX

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8xs8F

9gln0

RAFT

Role – Paramecium

Audience – Euglena

Format – Letter

Topic – Why I am better than you!

Quiz

Be sure you have these in your notes!!!

Which single-celled organisms moves by flagellum?

A. EuglenaB. Amoeba

C. ParameciumD. Volvox

A. Euglena

Which single-celled organism moves by cilia or hairlike

projections?

A. EuglenaB. Amoeba

C. ParameciumD. Volvox

C. Paramecium

Which single-celled organism uses pseudopods to surround and engulf

their food?

A. EuglenaB. Amoeba

C. ParameciumD. Volvox

B. Amoeba

Which single-celled organism is a colony of ciliates of which some

contain chlorophyll?

A. EuglenaB. Amoeba

C. ParameciumD. Volvox

D. Volvox

Which single-celled organism has a unique feature of an eye spot?

A. EuglenaB. Amoeba

C. ParameciumD. Volvox

A. Euglena

Which single-celled organism moves by cytoplasmic streaming?

A. EuglenaB. Amoeba

C. ParameciumD. Volvox

B. Amoeba

Which types of single-celled organisms can have chlorophyll?

A. Euglena and AmoebaB. Amoeba and ParameciumC. Paramecium and VolvoxD. Euglena and Volvox

D. Euglena and Volvox

Which organism appears in the photos?

• paramecium

Look at the picture.

Be able to answer the questions on the

following slide!

What organelle engulfs food?A. cytoplasmB. pseudopodsC. vacuolesD. nucleus

What organelle digests the food?A. cytoplasmB. pseudopodsC. vacuolesD. nucleus

B. pseudopods

C. vacuoles

Name the organelles located at A. and B.

A.

B.

A. nucleus

B. cytoplasm