Unit 1 FriendshipUnit 1 Friendship Unit 1 FriendshipUnit 1 Friendship Period 3Period 3

GrammarGrammar

Direct speech & Indirect speechDirect speech & Indirect speech

Listen to Anne’s story. The teacher will repeat each sentence after her. Pay attention to how your teacher retells what Anne said. Notice the difference between Anne’s story and your teacher’s retelling of it.

I Warming Up

Pay attention to

how your teacher

retells what Anne

said!S: My name is Anne Frank and my

family is Jewish.

T: She said that her name was Anne Frank and her family was Jewish.

Direct speech

Indirect speech

___________ _________

Warming Up

Pay attention to

how your teacher

retells what Anne

said!S: My family and I are hiding in

Amsterdam.

T: She said that she and her family were hiding in Amsterdam.

Direct speech

Indirect speech

_______ __________

Warming Up

Pay attention to

how your teacher

retells what Anne

said!S: My only true friend is Kitty — my

diary.

T: She said that her only true friend was Kitty — her diary.

Direct speech

Indirect speech

______________ ___

Warming Up

Pay attention to

how your teacher

retells what Anne

said!S: After hiding here for a long time, I’ve

become crazy about nature.

T: She said that after hiding there for a long time, she had become crazy about nature.

Direct speech

Indirect speech

_______ ___________

Warming Up

1. Look at the sentences in Exercise 1 of your Student’s Book on page 5. Work in pairs and identify the difference between direct speech and indirect speech in the sentences.

Differences: Verb tenses Pronoun forms

Word order Adverbials of time

II Grammar Study

Grammar Study

2. Now, observe the changes between

direct speech and indirect speech in

the chart, and then try to summarize

the rules !

Sentence structure

Direct speech Indirect speech

Declarative

Positive She said, “I passed this exam.”

Negative John said, “I can’t finish the job this afternoon.”

She said that she had passed that exam.John told me that he couldn’t finish the job that afternoon.

Grammar Study

Sentence structure

Direct speech Indirect speech

Interrogative (yes/no questions)

“Are you going to buy this coat?” Sam asked Mary.

Sam asked Mary if she was going to buy the coat.

Grammar Study

Sentence structure

Direct speech Indirect speech

Special Interrogative

“How can I solve the problem?” Jane asked me.

Jane asked me how she could solve the problem.

Work in groups of four, study all the examples provided and read the grammar appendix on page 89-90. Finish your task of summarizing the rules.

Grammar Study

Task 1 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Sentence structure

Declarative

Yes/No questions

Special questions

Task 2 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Tense

Present

Past

Present perfect

Past perfect

Present continuous

Future

Task 3 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Pronoun

First person

Second person

This

These

Adverbial of place

Here

This place

These places

VerbCome

Bring

Task 4 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Adverbial of time

Now

Today

Yesterday

This week/month/year

Last week/month/year

Three days ago

Tomorrow

Task 1 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Sentence structure

Declarative Say/tell sb.that+clasue

Interrogative Ask/wonder whether/if +statement order

Special Interrogative

Ask/wonder wh-word +statement order

SummarySummary

Task 2 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Tense

Present Past

Simple Past Past Perfect

Present Perfect Past Perfect

Past Perfect Past Perfect

Present Continuous Past Continuous

Future Past Future

SummarySummary

Task 3 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Pronoun

First person Third person

Second person First/third person

This/ these That /Those

Adverbial of place

Here There

This place That place

These places Those places

Verb

Come Go

Bring Take

Borrow Lend

SummarySummary

Task 4 Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Adver-bial of time

Now Then

Today That day

Yesterday The day before/the previous day

This week/month/year That week/month/year

Last week/month/year The week/month/year before

Three days ago Three days before

Tomorrow The next/following day

SummarySummary

Grammar Study

Try to change direct speech into indirect speech :

He said that the earth goes around the sun.

He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.

He said that Rome isn’t built in a day.

Tom said he was born in July, 1978.

1.He said, “the earth goes around the sun.”

2. He said, “The train leaves at 7:30p.m.”

3. He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.”

4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”

Summary:Summary:

Grammar Study

There are some cases in which w

There are some cases in which we don’t need to

change the tense in indirect speech.

When direct speech is about: a) a truth 真理 b) a timetable 时间表c) a saying/proverb/quotation 格言 /引用语d) An adverbial indicating the past 过去的时间状语

Try to do SB P.5 Ex.2 Change the sentences either into direct speech

or indirect speech:

1. Anne said that she didn’t know the address of her new home.

2. Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.

3. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.

III Practice

4. Her father asked her why she chose/ had chosen her diary and old letters.

5. “Are you very hot with so many clothes on?” Mother asked/said to her.

6. “What else have you hidden under your overcoat?” Margot asked her.

7. “ When shall we go back home?” Anne asked her father.

8. “ Why did you talk so much to that boy?” Father asked Anne.

Practice

Practice

GM: What’s the weather like in…tomorrow? I can’t hear the man clearly on the TV.GS: That’s all right. I can help. The man said it was going to rain.GM: What did he say about Shanghai?GS: ….

1. Do WB P.42 Ex.1 2. Review the rules of the changes from direct speech into indirect speech.

IV Homework