Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy Test Review Slide 2 Which term
refers to the study of how an organ functions? Physiology Slide 3 A
group of similar cells performing a specialized function is
referred to as a(n) Tissue Slide 4 Cells are to tissues as tissues
are to Organs Slide 5 Be able to describe anatomical position
Standing up Feet facing forward Arms at sides Palms forward Slide 6
Know your directional terms & which are alike & opposite
Anterior/Ventral vs Posterior/Dorsal Superior vs Inferior Medial vs
Lateral Slide 7 Which directional term refers to the back?
Posterior/Dorsal Slide 8 ? The heart is ________ to the lungs?
Medial Slide 9 In atatomical position, the wrist is ____________ to
the elbow. Distal Slide 10 Which type of section divides the body
into anterior & posterior portions? Frontal/coronal Slide 11
Visceral refers to Internal organs Slide 12 Which two cavities does
the diaphragm separate? Thoracic & abdominal Slide 13 The liver
would be found in which cavity? Abdominal Slide 14 The urinary
bladder is found in which abdominopelvic region? hypogastric Slide
15 Homeostasis refers to Stable internal conditions Slide 16 In
which quadrant would the pain of acute appendicitis be felt? Lower
right quadrant Slide 17 ? The study of the body's organization that
considers the heart, blood and all of the associated blood vessels
as a unit is called? Systemicanatomy Slide 18 The study of the
body's organization by areas (the approach used in most medical
schools) is called Regional anatomy Slide 19 X-rays, ultrasound,
MRI, and other technologies used to create pictures of internal
structures are examples of Anatomical imaging Slide 20 Which organ
systems is/are involved in transporting or exchanging gases in the
body? Respiratory Cardiovascular/circulatory Slide 21 The organ
system that consists of the skin, hair, and nails, and protects the
body and prevents water loss is the Integumentary Slide 22 The
organ system that maintains tissue fluid balance, filters foreign
material from blood and lymph, absorbs fats from the digestive
tract, and combats disease is the Lymphatic system Slide 23 Given
these structures: Organ, organelle, chemical, cell, organism, organ
system, tissue Arrange the structures in the correct order from
smallest to largest: Chemical Organelle Cell Tissue Organ Organ
system Organism Slide 24 The organ system that consists of glands
such as the pituitary and thyroid glands and is a major regulatory
system is the Endocrine system Slide 25 The basic living unit of
all plants and animals is the Cell Slide 26 What is a function of
negative feedback mechanisms? Maintain homeostasis Slide 27 What
are the two examples of a positive-feedback mechanisms given in
class? Chronic hypertension Childbirth Slide 28 From the anatomical
position, the scapula (shoulder blade) is always _____ to the ribs
Dorsal Posterior Superficial Slide 29 A vertical plane that divides
the body into right and left halves is also correctly called the
Midsaggital plane Slide 30 The term that would best describe an
injury (lesion) of the upper arm is a(n) Brachial lesion Slide 31 A
cut across the long axis of an organ at an angle other than a right
angle is described as a(n) Oblique section Slide 32 The trunk of
the body consists of the thorax, the abdomen, and the Pelvis Slide
33 The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by
the Diaphragm Slide 34 The mediastinum divides what? The thoracic
cavity into two parts Slide 35 The heart is found in what
cavities/structures? Mediastinum Thoracic cavity Slide 36 The fluid
found between serous membrane layers does what? Reduces friction
Slide 37 Which of these statements about serous membranes is true?
A. Serous membranes line cavities that open to the outside of the
body. B. Visceral serous membranes are in contact with internal
organs. C. Retroperitoneal organs are surrounded by both parietal
and visceral serous membranes. D. Serous membranes surround the
pleural and peritoneal cavities, but not the pericardial cavity. E.
All of these are true. Which of these statements about serous
membranes is true? A. Serous membranes line cavities that open to
the outside of the body. B. Visceral serous membranes are in
contact with internal organs. C. Retroperitoneal organs are
surrounded by both parietal and visceral serous membranes. D.
Serous membranes surround the pleural and peritoneal cavities, but
not the pericardial cavity. E. All of these are true. B Slide 38
The pericardial cavity contains ___. Pericardial fluid Slide 39 The
kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas, and urinary bladder are what
type of organs? Retroperitoneal Slide 40 Given the cavities: 1.
Abdominal cavity, 2. Pelvic cavity, 3. Oral cavity, 4. Pericardial
cavity Which of these cavities are lined with serous membranes?
Abdominal Pelvic Pericardial Slide 41 A girl is lying on her left
side. Her right ear is _____ to her nose. Posterior Lateral Slide
42 Differentiation occurs when Some portions of DNA become (or
remain active) while other portions become (or remain) inactive.
Slide 43 A negative feedback mechanism contains what three
components? Sensor Control center Effector Slide 44 A feedback
mechanism that takes the body away from homeostasis is Positive
feedback mechanism Slide 45 A feedback mechanism that returns the
body to homeostasis is Negative feedback mechanism Slide 46 In
anatomic terms, the forearm is the _____ region and the fingers are
the _____ region. Antebrachial, digital Slide 47 In anatomic terms,
the posterior portion of the elbow is the ____ region. olecranal
Slide 48 The dorsal body cavity contains what two cavities? Cranial
Vertebral Slide 49 The mediastinum, pleural, and pericardial
cavities are contained within which trunk cavity? thoracic Slide 50
The coxal region refers to the hip Slide 51 The lowest level of
organization in the body is the _______ level. chemical Slide 52
The upper and lower extremities compose the ________ portion of the
body. appendicular Slide 53 Human somatic (body) cells contain the
diploid number of chromosomes which is 46 Slide 54 Mitosis results
in what type of cells? Two daughter cells that are genetically
identical to the parent cell. Slide 55 Frontal Section Divides the
body into anterior & posterior parts (front & back) Slide
56 Sagittal section Divides the body into right & left halves
Slide 57 Longitudinal section A cut across the long axis of an
organ Slide 58 Transverse section Divides the body into superior
& inferior parts. Divides an organ at right angles to the long
axis Slide 59 Oblique section A cut across the axis of an organ at
any angle other than a right angle Slide 60 Thoracic cavity
Surrounded by rib cage, bounded inferiorly by diaphragm Slide 61
Pelvic cavity Contains the bladder, enclosed by pelvic bones Slide
62 Abdominal cavity Contains liver, stomach, kidneys & spleen
Slide 63 Pericardial cavity Contains the heart, but not lungs Slide
64 Pleural cavity contains lungs, but not heart.
