Unit 1The Nature of Biology

Flashcard Warm-up

InferTo use evidence

and reason/logic to come up with a

conclusion

Draw a picture or use the word in a sentence for every

vocabulary flashcard warm-up.

Independent variableVs.

Dependent Variable

Independent variable is the one changing

factor in an experiment.

The dependent variable is the measureable

results of the change (IV)

Draw a picture or use the word in a sentence.

Steps of the Scientific Method1. Problem/Purpose- The question the lab will answer, must be

testable, identifies variablesa. Independent variable – factor the scientist changes

from group to groupb. Dependent variable – factor the scientist measures to

see the effect of the independent variableVariables and Controls Videoclip

2. Research: learn about the problem3. Hypothesis: educated prediction4. Procedure: the steps in the experiment to test the

hypothesisA. Control - normal conditions or absence of independent

variable, used for comparisonB. Experimental group(s) have only one changing variable

5. Observations/Data: Don’t use opinion; Use factual descriptions or measurements

6. Analysis/Conclusion: Answers the purpose; accepts or rejects hypothesis

Science is Tentative

THEORY: the most logical explanation based on current evidence; becomes stronger as more evidence is gathered

LAW: universal generalization that is virtually unchanging; gravity

* Scientific knowledge must be shared, which allows other scientists to repeat and verify the work of others.

Good Experiments Begin with Good questions

•  Does exposure to ultraviolet radiation cause increased risk of skin cancer?

�        Good question, but not necessarily easy to answer, though finding correlations may be relatively easy.

•  Was Lee Harvey Oswald possessed by demons?

�        Bad question. Why? Well, first you must start with a definition of demon, and then come up with some objective means of measuring possessed-by-demons-ness.

•  

“Testing the Greenhouse Effect”Discovery Education

Watch the Mythbusters video: Watch for the parts of the scientific method

we discussed as you watch the video see if you can identify the following:

Independent variable? Dependent variable? Control? Experimental groups? Constants? Good or bad experimental design?

Ticket out the Door 1. Write down the 6 steps of the scientific

method. 2. A controlled experiment will only have

____ changing variable. 3. Maria tested the effect of different

fertilizer on the growth of her grass. Independent variable? Dependent variable? Control?

Flashcard Warm-up

Control GroupThe group of test

subjects in an experiment that are either given the “normal” conditions/dose or are not given the independent variable at all. This group is used for comparison.

Homeostasis

The regulation of internal conditions

(such as temperature, oxygen levels, blood

sugar levels) that allow an organism to

survive.

What is biology?

Biology: the study of (-ology) all life (bio)

Includes many branches:1. Microbiology: The study of microorganisms2. Ecology: The study of living things

and their environment

3. Cytology: The study of cells4. Genetics: The study of heredity5. Oncology: The study of cancer6. Botany: The study of plants

Characteristics of Life

Organization: All life is made up of cells; all life needs six essential elements (CHNOPS)

Organism

Organ System

Organs

Tissues

Cells

Molecules

Atoms / Elements

Characteristics of LifeAlive! Videoclip

Energy Use :organisms must make energy to construct building blocks in the body

Metabolism – all chemical reactions in an organism

Examples: Synthesis – to build molecules Break down molecules

(nutrition) Transport nutrients Cellular respiration – produce

energy

Characteristics of Life 3. Reproduction – making

more organisms, for growth or repair; sexual or asexual

4. Growth and Development

• Growth – to increase in size (# of cells)

• Development – change in structure and function

5. Respond to Stimuli - A reaction towards or away from a stimulus in the environment;

6. Adjust to Environment• Homeostasis - the

regulation of an organism’s internal environment

• Adaptation - an inherited structure, behavior, or internal process that enables organisms to better survive an environment.

TechnologyCompound Light Microscope:• Has two lenses – ocular

(eyepiece) and objective to view thin specimens

• Ocular x Objective = Magnification

Electron microscope:• Scanning electron

microscope: SEM – 3D image

• Transmission electron microscope: TEM – greatest magnification

Ocular

Objective

Ticket out the door

1. List and describe three characteristics all living things have in common.

Flashcard Warm-up

STERNGRR is life!

Write down the life process represented by each letter in STERNGRR

Metabolism

All chemical reactions occurring in an organism

Life Processes: STERNGRR Synthesis – making materials

Example: plants make sugar during photosynthesis Transport – moving chemicals from location to

location within cell or organism. Example: our circulatory system transports oxygen

and nutrients to all cells in our body Excretion – getting rid of wastes

Example: urinating, sweating, exhaling carbon dioxide Respiration – gas exchange AND production of

energy (ATP) Example: gas exchange; make energy from sugar

Life Processes (STERNGRR)

Nutrition – gaining energy from food source Example: eating food!

Growth and Development – getting bigger and/or changing (puberty)

Regulation – controlling internal processes Pancreas produces insulin to lower blood

sugar levels in blood Reproduction – producing new cells or

new organisms

STERNGRR Project Each group of 3 will be assigned an

animal or plant You will need to research how that

organism carries out each life process (STERNGRR)

Create a powerpoint presentation with pictures and slides-follow the rubric

Present Monday – short 4 to 5 min. presentation

STERNGRR Presentations Take notes for each presentation, you

should have a few words to describe how each animal presented carries out the essential life processes.

Make a Venn diagram to compare any two organisms presented, you may not use the organism your group presented

Don’t forget to write your individual summary paragraph about your groups organism!

Ticket Out the Door

The life processes that take place in all living organisms can be remembered as STERNGRR. What do the letters stand for?

Explain or define two

Flashcard Warm-up

Characteristics of ALL living organisms:

Use your notes and write down the six characteristics of life and a brief

explanation for each.

Unit 1 Work

Scientific Method Lab- Questions 1-5 from Blue sheet, 1J, data tables (article and questions on back)

1C,D, E STERNGRR Summary and Venn Diagram Characteristics of Life Chart Problem Solving pgs. 9-12