Unit 11

Pre-1880s: Hawaii is used as a rest stop on the way to Asia

1880s:Americans establish plantations and

begin to dominate the Hawaiian economy

US Navy establishes a base at Pearl Harbor

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1891: Queen Lilioukalani of Hawaii proposes removing rights of non-native Hawaiians…why?

1893: Americans lead a revolution and take control

American businessman Sanford Dole becomes President

1898: Congress makes Hawaii a territory

Spain had controlled the Philippines since 1565

What motives did the US have in acquiring the Philippines?

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1898: May: George Dewey defeats the Spanish

Fleet at Manila Aug: American and Filipino troops take

mainland under the leadership of Emilio Aguinaldo

U.S. faced many challengesLack of equipmentIll-prepared military

June: U.S. set up a naval blockadeJuly:

Rough Riders defeat Spanish at San Juan Hill led by Teddy Roosevelt

U.S. Navy destroys Spanish fleetAmerican troops invade Puerto

Rico

U.S. took control of Puerto Rico , Guam, and Philippines as territories

Cuba becomes independentTeddy Roosevelt becomes a hero and

chosen as VP under McKinley

1898: Puerto Rico is brought under American “protection”

Puerto Rican reaction was mixed1900: Foracker Act denies rights and

citizenship of Puerto Ricans Angers Puerto Ricans

1917: Congress grants rights of governance and citizenship to Puerto Rico

American military provided health and sanitation services to Cubans

1901:America issues Platt Amendment

U.S. reserved the right to intervene in Cuba

U.S. could buy/lease land for naval stations in Cuba

Cuba becomes a protectorate of U.S.American businesses invest heavily in

sugar, mining, and tobaccoU.S. sets up a naval base at

Guantanamo Bay U.S. backed Cuban leaders causes

decades of political corruption in Cuba

1899: Emilio Aguinaldo leads a revolt for Philippines independence

Americans were forced to resort to oppressive means of control

1902: U.S. regains control and rebuilds schools, roads, hospitals, etc.

Political movement aimed at:Protecting social welfarePromote moral reformCreate economic reform Improve efficiency in all things

Improve urban life: Housing; infrastructure;

sanitation reformsCare for immigrantsLimit child laborWomen’s suffrageProhibitionYMCA & Salvation Army

Main issue: Prohibition and women’s suffrage What’s the connection between the two

issues?Began w/ the Temperance movement in

1870s Invaded many saloon’s to protest alcohol

consumption

Aimed at: Creating a balance

between economic classes

Improving working conditions & wages

Leaders: Eugene V. Debs Muckrakers…Ida

Tarbell

Improve productivity leads to: Shorter work day Better pay Increased sense of self-worth

Ex: Ford’s assembly line Increased productivity Increased desire to work “$5 a day contracts”

Who is really benefitting from this?

Roosevelt (1901-1909)

Taft (1909-1913) Wilson (1913-1921)

1901: McKinley is assassinated… V.P. Roosevelt becomes the youngest president

A “larger than life” character

Outdoor lover

Describe how these characteristics will impact his presidency.

Focuses on the people…wanted to give them a Square Deal

Believed the government was responsible for national welfare

Settled employer/employee disputes that threatened public welfare

Became a TrustbusterSupported the creation of the FDA and

National Parks

Intellectual & Religious

President of Princeton U.

Elected because Roosevelt and Taft split the Republican party in 1912 election

Describe how these characteristics will impact his presidency.

Wanted to give people a New Freedom from the chains of big business

Supported the Clayton Antitrust ActSupported unions and workers’ ability to

strikeCreated the FTC to watch over big business Increased the federal budget

(1916) $761 million (1918) $3.6 billion

Created Federal Reserve system

Workers Child labor

1910: 2 million children in factories

1920: 1 million Received workers’

compensation Shortened the work

day from 16 hrs to 8-10

EconomyLessened the gap

between classesBroke down

monopoliesDe-regulated

industries16th amendment

(1913)

GovernmentMore responsive

to citizensReferendumsRecalls on

officials Initiatives17th Amendment

(1913)

Women Increased

education Increased political

involvement Ex: Susan B.

Anthony18th Amendment

191919th amendment

1920