Unit 13 Sense of Security Hallowe’en & Slow Death of Solemn Sunday LSP_MAIN Language Structures Introduction Activity Main Teaching Points Practice Practice

Unit 13 Sense of Security Hallowe’en & Slow Death of Solemn Sunday

Language Structures

Introduction Activity

Main Teaching Points

Practice

Practice I

Practice II

Practice III

Practice IV


Language Structures Introduction Activity

No, I used to live in the countryside. It was two years ago I moved here.

When did Grandpa leave?

At six. If nothing went wrong, he should be with his friends now.

Have you always lived here?

a.

b.

No, I daren’t. I don’t know how to ride.

Will you go riding with me on Sunday?c.


Language Structures Introduction Activity

I suggest that we go out and have fun.

Do you know that Tom has got the chess championship?

Really? It is amazing that he should have won.

What shall we do now?

d.

e.


Language Structures Main Teaching PointsModal auxiliaries like:a. should / ought to (expressing strong probability)b. used to (a past and habitual action)c. daren’t d. should (expressing surprise)e. should (expressing suggestion)


Language Structures Main Teaching Points Sylvia should be / ought to be in Glasgow by now if nothing went wrong with the train. I used to play badminton, but now I play table tennis. There didn’t use to be those flats before; there used to be a vacant lot. I daren’t go surfing, because I have a weak heart. It’s surprising that Fred should be able to win first place. Frank suggested that we should take a morning train to London.


Directions: Listen to the recording and complete the dialogues. Then make similar dialogues with your partner by using the cues.

B: At half past seven this morning.

Practice Practice I

A:

What time did Sylvia leave for Glasgow?

B: Yes, if nothing went wrong with the train.

A:

Then she should be / ought to be in Glasgow by now.


【 Cues of Practice I】

1. Sylvia left for Glasgow at 7 30 this morning. If nothing went ∶ wrong with the train, I think she is in Glasgow now.2. John entered college a little over two years ago. If everything has gone well, I think he is a third-year student now.

Practice Practice I


What made you think so? I never played tennis.

A:B:

No, I didn’t.

Did you use to play tennis?

A:

I always thought that you played tennis.

B:

I used to play badminton. But now I’m only playing table tennis.

Practice Practice II


【 Cues of Practice II】

Before Now

No Yes

play tenniscycle to work

play badmintongo to work by bus

play table tenniswalk to work


Those blocks of high-rise flats look very modern.

J:

It was a dirty town.

What was the city like fifty years ago, Grandpa?

2. Grandpa is showing Johnny round his hometown.

G:

Many things have changedsince then.

J:I’m sure there didn’t use to be such flats before.

No, of course not.G:

There used to be a vacantlot there.

Practice Practice II


【 Cues of Practice II】

Fifty years ago Now

a vacant lot blocks of high-rise flats

a dirty creek a shady boulevard


A:

A:B:

But I daren’t do that. I have a weak heart.

Would you go surfing with me next weekend?

I’d say I am.

Are you fond of sports?

B: I like to go jogging.

Practice Practice III


【 Cues of Practice III】

Not brave enough to Why?

go surfing (surf-riding) have a weak heart

go mountain-climbing not been feeling well

Practice Practice III


A:

Fred is a good runner, isn’t he?

He won first place in the city marathon thisyear.

B: Yes.

A:

Did he? I’m surprised / It’s surprising that he should be able to win first place.

He will practice harder.

B:

He wants to compete inthe coming international marathon.

Practice Practice IV


【 Cues of Practice IV】

1. Fred is a good runner. He won first place in the city marathon this year. It’s surprising.2. Jim is an unruly child. He pays no regard to classroom discipline. It’s annoying.



B:

A:

Did Frank say anything about our trip to London?

Yes, he made a suggestion.

B:

He suggested that we should take a morning train to London.

A:

What did he suggest?



【 Cues of Practice IV】

1. Frank’s suggestion: We take a morning train to London.2. Fanny’s request: We consider her application for the Students’ Club membership.



Dialogue I

Dialogue

Dialogue IIPhrases, Sentences and Expressions

Dialogue

Role Play

Oral Practice


A: Before I came to China, when I heard about personal security here being guaranteed, I took it with a pinch of salt. Now that I’m studying in Shanghai, I feel really safe here.B: It’s been three months since you came to our university, hasn’t it?A: Three and a half, to be exact. The feeling of security in Shanghai really makes me think about other big cities. I used to live in a big city and I’ve been to other big cities in my country and abroad, but I’ve never experienced such a sense of security as here. I’m curious about how you achieved your social order.

A Sense of SecurityDialogue I Dialogue


We can’t say that our country is free from social ills. But comparatively speaking, China’s crime rate is one of the lowest in the world. One reason for this is our constant educational campaigns to raise people’s moral and legal awareness. At the same time our government maintains an efficient police force to protect the life and interests of the people.Speaking of the police, I find it unusual not to see policemen and patrolmen bearing arms. Most of them don’t even carry batons.

Dialogue I Dialogue

B:

A:


But some of them do. As a matter of fact, there is division of labor within the police force itself. Generally speaking, there are three kinds of police: household registration police, traffic police, and armed police.What are their specific jobs?

Dialogue I Dialogue

B:

A:


The police in charge of household registration are community police whose major responsibility is to keep and update registration information of local residents. Other responsibilities include maintaining social order and security of the local community, dealing with minor criminal offenses such as theft, providing assistance in criminal investigations, and working with community and neighborhood committees to organize and train civilian public security groups.

Dialogue I Dialogue

B:


They do have many responsibilities, don’t they?Yes. Besides, they try their best to make sure that the senior citizens and handicapped people in the community are taken good care of. It’s also their job to educate and reform local juvenile delinquents.They are truly civil servants. No wonder crime rates are low in China.The police you see in the streets are the traffic police and patrolmen. Their job is to keep traffic moving and to deal with traffic accidents.

Dialogue I DialogueA:

B:

A:

B:


The police you see in the streets are the traffic police and patrolmen. Their job is to keep traffic moving and to deal with traffic accidents.I’m very impressed by the efficiency of Chinese traffic police in dealing with accidents. The other day I witnessed a five-car accident at an intersection. I was prepared for a long hold-up. To my amazement, they got the traffic moving again in no time.

B:

A:

Dialogue I Dialogue


They have to. It’s their job. Then there are the armed police, armed when on duty. They are the people who help safeguard the country’s sovereignty and dignity and maintain public security. They also protect the lives and property of people.Now I understand why I feel so safe living in this city. I’m free from security concerns.Well, it’s not a crime-free paradise. You’ll still have to keep alert.

B:

A:

B:

Dialogue I Dialogue


I heard about personal security being guaranteed. — I heard that personal security here is guaranteed. The phrase being guaranteed is the complement to the object personal security.


take it with a pinch of salt: think that something is not likely to be true; not wholly believe something

We took his words with a pinch of salt because he was always cheating.

e.g.:


now that

At first A doesn’t want to tell B about B’s poor grade for the Extensive Reading exam. B gives the impression that he already knows it. Then A tells him the truth.

Situation:

A: The exam paper for our Extensive Reading was rather difficult.

B: Yes, I did very poorly.A: Now that you’ve mentioned it, I can tell you that you

only barely passed.


ill: n. problem; misfortune

the various ills of lifee.g.:


campaign: n. a series of planned activities with a particular commercial, social and political aim

a political campaigne.g.:


警察力量警察当局；警务人员警察巡逻队员

police force: the police: policemen: patrolmen:


bear arms: v. carry weapons


baton: n. a policeman’s short, thick stick, used as a weapon 警棍 A baton which is a short, thin stick is used by the conductor of a band or an orchestra. 那种短而细的指挥棒是乐队指挥用的。


comparatively speaking

A and B are talking about their friends Amy and Ellen who are both conscientious workers. Of the two, Ellen is more so.

Situation:

A: I think we should learn from Amy and Ellen, they are so conscientious.

B: Between them, I think Ellen deserves more respect.A: Comparatively speaking, she does.


household registration police: 户籍警traffic police: 交通警armed police: 武警


update: v. bring something up to date

update a dictionarye.g.:


civilian public security groups: 民防治安小组


juvenile delinquent: 青少年罪犯


civil servant: 公仆；文职公务员


no wonder

They are talking about Mary who, to everybody’s surprise, gave a brilliant performance in a play. A is informed that she comes from a family of famous actors. A understands.

Situation:

A: Weren’t you surprised that Mary could give such a brilliant performance?

B: Don’t you know that she comes from a family of famous actors?

A: No wonder! She looked so natural and gave just the right interpretation of the character.


hold-up: n. delayhold up: delay

Road-works on the motorway are holding up traffic.

e.g.:


in no time: very quickly

He figured out the answer in almost no time.e.g.:


safeguard: v. protect; guard

We have found a way of safeguarding our money.e.g.:


crime-free paradise: a place of perfect happiness with no crime at all 没有犯罪的乐土 -free: a word ending meaning “without”

a salt-free diet / a duty-free shop e.g.:


• Two students form a pair. One student plays the role of John, a foreigner who has come to China on business and lost his briefcase somewhere. The other student plays the role of Li Qun, a household and registration policeman, who returned the briefcase to John.• John is grateful to the taxi driver who found his briefcase in his taxi and took it to the police station.• Li used to work in a guest house for foreigners, he knows some English. He tells John in English everything he knows about the briefcase.

Dialogue I Role Play


Some sentences you might use:

a sense / feeling of security come straight to the police stationbe convinced that keep good social orderbe educated in socialist ethics leave…behindbe on duty with various papers of identification



Sample



Oh, hello.Good evening.Good evening. Anything I can do for you?I’ve come to inquire about something.Yes?Are you Mr. John Smith?Yes, I am.Have you lost a briefcase?Yes, I have. But how do you know it and who are you?Oh, I am a policeman in charge of household registration. This morning it so happened that I was on duty when a taxi driver came to our office and gave me the briefcase.

Smith: Li: Smith: Li: Smith: Li: Smith: Li: Smith: Li:



A taxi driver? I see. I must have left my briefcase in his car.Yes, he said as soon as he found you had left your suitcase behind, he came straight to the police station. From the contents in the briefcase we knew it was yours.I am really grateful to both of you because there are various papers of identification inside it and I could do nothing without them.That’s all right. Now I am convinced that China is a country where you can have a sense of security. But I wonder how you can achieve that.

Smith: Li:

Smith:

Li: Smith:



The main reason for it is that every citizen is educated in social ethics so that they know what’s the right thing to do most of the time. And of course it is the responsibility of us policeman to keep good social order. No wonder everyone I know in China lives peacefully and happily.China is not a crime-free paradise. You still have to keep alert.

Li:

Smith:

Li:



Dialogue II Phrases, Sentences and ExpressionsHow to express irritation and impatience

If she goes on tapping, I can’t

takestandbear

it!

I’m reallyfed up with

tired of(my roommate)!

(Alice) really gets on my nerves!

I’ve told you (twice) already,All right,

(it was a man, not a woman).

No, no! Not (“persons”, “people”).

Oh, I give up. (See if you can solve the problem)you know (I’ve already washed it thoroughly).


How to express irritation and impatience

Okay, (I’ll do it again), ifGo on then, (take it apart), if

that’s what you want. that pleases you. that makes you any happier.

I’m quite capable of (making my own decision),

I’m quite comfortablewithout (your fussing around)as it is,

Thank you!

Dialogue II Phrases, Sentences and Expressions


How to show that you are victimized

Do you have toI wish you wouldn’t

(smoke)?

Stop (smoking),will you?could you please?

Oh, really,Oh, for goodness’ sake,

I wish you’d (quit smoking).

Why do you keepDo you have to keep on

(smoking)?

(Put your pipe away),can’t you?or is it impossible?

Dialogue II Phrases, Sentences and Expressions


A is watching an interesting television programme. His younger sister keeps moving about and asking silly questions. Eventually A begins to get irritated.A: Stop running around, will you?B: Who’s that man? I was wondering why you’re so interested in him.A: He’s a detective, a man who catches bad men.B: Why’s he got a funny voice?A: I don’t know, maybe ... Look, why don’t you stop talking and just watch?B: I am watching. Why hasn’t he got any hair?

Dialogue II Dialogue


I wish you had more common sense. He’s getting a little old. Don’t you see?How about Father, he’s getting old, but he has lots of hair!Now, I’m really fed up with you! What questions! Not all elderly men are bald!I see. And why is the woman there crying?Well, you can see that she’s lost her money.She has? When did she lose it?

Dialogue II Dialogue A:

B:

A:

B:A:B:


Why don’t you just sit still and watch?I’ve tried, but I can’t stand the bald man talking so loudly.Then stay away! Nobody’s keeping you from doing that.Don’t be so irritable! I just don’t understand the programme, that’s all.All right, I’ll explain to you later on. Now, scram!I wish you wouldn’t be so selfish!What? I selfish? Oh, you know I’m anything but that to you.Okay. I’ll wait until you’ve had your fun, if that’s what you want.

A: B:A:B:

A:B:A:

B:



That’s exactly what I want, thank you.Isn’t it about time that the programme ended?Oh, shut up!


A: B:A:


I’m anything but that to you. — I’m not at all selfish to you.


scram: v. go away quickly

Scram! I don’t want you here!e.g.:


shut up: stop talking

Oh, shut up, you fool!“Scram” and “shut up” are said only among very familiar people.

e.g.:


Dialogue II Oral Practice Talk about how Alan and Alice feel in the situations below.

1. Alan wants to go out, but Alice is taking a long time getting ready.2. Alan’s girlfriend keeps giggling.

Sample


Dialogue II Oral Practice

What are you laughing at?Nothing particular!Oh, really, then I wish you’d stop that!But can’t a girl laugh?But it’s not laughing, it’s giggling!Okay, giggling, if that’s what you want to call it!I’ve told you already, it’s not nice to giggle!I’m quite capable of telling the difference between laughing and giggling.

Alan: Alice:Alan: Alice: Alan:Alice: Alan: Alice:


Dialogue II Oral Practice

Go on then, if that makes you any happier.You really get on my nerves with your nagging!I “nagging”? You know I meant good!Oh, I give up!

Alan: Alice: Alan: Alice:


Reading I

Pre-reading Questions

Background Knowledge

Text

Comprehension Questions

Text Analysis

Reading IIText

Comprehension Questions

Text Analysis


Reading I Pre-reading Questions • What do you know about Hallowe’en?• Do you know any traditional Chinese festivals that are related to ghost in their origins? Give details.


Reading I B ackground Knowledge

The jack O’ Lantern is about a guy that was always bad. He played jokes on everyone. He was getting worried about what would happen to his soul when he died. He was sure he would go to hell. One day, he invited Saintain to a drink. Saintain agreed, “As long as you pay for it.” Jack protested, then suggested that Saintain turned into a 16-pence piece and when the drinks were paid for, he could change back. Saintain agreed. As soon as the devil had changed, Jack put the coin in his pocket. The devil couldn’t change back because of a silver cross Jack kept in his pocket. “If you leave me alone for a year, I’ll let you go.” And that’s what happened.

The jack O’ Lantern


Reading I B ackground Knowledge Of course, Jack kept to his ways and continued with his tricks and practical jokes. About a year later, Jack spotted the devil again. This time Jack got Saintain to climb a tree. When Saintain was going back down, he found he couldn’t. Jack was down on the ground...holding a cross. Jack made Saintain promise that he would leave him alone for ten years. Saintain promised this. Jack died before that though. When Jack died, he wasn’t allowed to go to Heaven. When he tried to go to hell, he found that because he had tricked the devil, he wasn’t admitted in hell. Instead, Saintain threw him a candle to light his way on earth. Jack put the candle in a pumpkin and made a lantern.


Hallowe’en is the last night of October, and it used to be thought the most enchanted night of the year. It was the night when witches and evil spirits came back on earth to weave their magic spells. Superstitious people kept up many strange old customs in an effort to keep these evil influences away. Farmers used to light big fires in their fields, and the farm workers and their families would walk around the fields singing old songs and hymns. At intervals, the strange procession would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, and ask them to help keep the evil ones away. Great care was taken that none of the farm animals were left in the fields. They would all be locked up safely in their stables and sheds, and over each of the stable and shed doors a few rowan leaves would be hung. Witches and evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree.

Reading I Text Hallowe’en


In more recent times, Hallowe’en has become a time for parties, when children dress up as witches and play all kinds of special games such as “ducking for the apple”. After the games there is often a big supper with plenty of pumpkin pie, cakes and a lot of other delicious things to eat.

But for the most part the children enjoy the fun of dressing up and playing their favorite game of “Trick or Treat”. They run down each street knocking on the doors crying loudly “Trick or Treat!”, and most people have some sweets ready to give them. Those that do not can expect maybe to have a tyre flattened, or their windows covered in soap. Or the children may just knock on the door and run away.

Reading I Text


Many of the houses have a Jack-O’-Lantern in their windows, which are hollowed out pumpkins with candles burning inside them. But in this modern age many of the pumpkins are being replaced with plastic electric ones that can be brought out each year.

Reading I Text


stables and sheds: Horses are kept in stables and cattle (cows and bulls) are kept in sheds.


enchant: v. a. placed under a magic spell

an enchanted gardene.g.:

b. fill (somebody) with great delight

enchanted by / with the singing of the childrene.g.:


spell: n. words when spoken are thought to have magic power


keep up: continue to practice or observe something

Do you still keep up your Spanish?e.g.:


keep away: not go near somebody or something

The policeman warned bystanders to keep away from the building.

e.g.:


hymn: n. song of praise, esp. one praising God sung by Christians


at intervals: a. with time between

At intervals, she would stop for rest.e.g.:

b. with spaces between

The trees were planted at 20 ft intervals.e.g.:


hymn: n. song of praise, esp. one praising God sung by Christians


rowan: 花楸树


ducking for the apple: trying to get an apple which is floating on water by biting into it without using one’s hands


Reading I Comprehension Questions

1. When is Hallowe’en?

It is on the last night of October.

2. Who did people think would come back on earth on Hallowe’en?

Witches and evil spirits.

3. What were some of the old customs that some superstitious people kept?

Farmers used to light big fires in their field, and the farm workers and their families would walk around the fields singing old songs and hymns. At intervals, the strange procession would stop to hear the local priest offer prayers to the good spirits, and ask them to help keep the evil ones away.


Reading I Comprehension Questions4. Why did people hang rowan leaves over stable and shed doors?

So that witches and evil spirits would not go anywhere near the rowan tree.

5. What has Hallowe’en become today?

It has become a time for parties.

6. Name some special games played by children on Hallowe’en.

“Ducking for the apple” and “Trick or Treat”.


Reading I Comprehension Questions7. What happens to those people who have no sweets ready for children?

They may expect to have a tyre flattened, or their windows covered in soap. Or the children may just knock on the door and run away.


Reading I Text AnalysisDivision of the text

The customs people used to keep in Hallowe’en.

What Hallowe’en is to people now.

Para 1 - Para 2

Para 3 - Para 5


The solemnity with which Sunday was observed in Edwardian England was constantly commented on by visitors from abroad. In Scotland and Wales the day was even more strictly kept. There was little public transport on a Sunday, and most shops were closed, as were many pubs, music halls and other places of entertainment. In religious families music on the piano or gramophone was taboo unless it was of a sacred character, and cooking was not allowed, so that Sunday lunch often consisted of the cold leftovers of Saturday’s dinner.

Reading II Text

The Slow Death of the Solemn Sunday


There was not much to do on Sundays but go to church, and at the beginning of the Edwardian period about a fifth of the population regularly attended at least one Sunday service. For children, Sunday was often a day of deep gloom. Even those whose parents were not religious were usually packed off to Sunday school in the morning to get them out of the house. Children from religious families faced the kind of “Sunday Afternoon with Mama” as described in the literature of the Religious Tract Society. Here the children put away their weekday toys and got out a special Sunday toy consisting of wooden letters to be made up into biblical verses and their Sunday books of Bible stories. If they were very good, their mother read to them from the Bible. Sunday was often the only day when middle and upper class children ate with their parents.

Reading II Text


Though religion still dominated Sunday at the beginning of the 20th century, for increasing numbers of people the day’s activities did not centre upon church. New inventions held counter-attractions. In 1898 a clergyman had noted that “that innocent machine, the bicycle, is, I believe, doing much more to abolish churchgoing than any other social force.” Railway companies were running cheap Sunday excursions to cater for the new hiking and rambling craze. Yet until the outbreak of the War, Bournemouth corporation would not allow trains to stop at the town station on Sunday, and the West Highland Railway found it advisable not to advertise Sunday train services until after World War II.

Reading II Text


In 1933 John Reith of the BBC finally relaxed his rule of no radio programmes between 12 30 and 3 p.m. on Sunday, but he still insiste∶d that no jazz or band music, variety or comedy should be broadcast on that day. The result was that the BBC lost most of its audience on Sunday to the commercial European stations. It is only now that the last restrictions on what the British can do on Sunday are being ended. Parliament will soon legalize all trading activities, live theatrical entertainments and professional sporting events on Sundays, all of which are at the moment technically illegal. The Edwardian Sunday has taken a long time dying.

Reading II Text


Edwardian England: England under King Edward VII (1841-1910), whose reign (1901-1910) followed that of Queen Victoria


solemnity: n. seriousness

the solemnity of the occasione.g.:


gramophone: n. a record player 留声机


taboo: n. ban; prohibition

There is a taboo on smoking in this office. e.g.:


leftovers: n. things remaining when the rest is finished, esp. food at the end of a meal; leavingsleave sth. over: postpone something

These matters will have to be left over until the next meeting.

e.g.:


Sunday service: form of worship and prayer to God in Christian churches on Sunday


Sunday school: a special class in a church attended by children on Sundays for religious teaching


gloom: n. a. feeling of sadness or hopelessness

The news cast a deep gloom over the village.e.g.:

b. near darknessIn the gathering gloom, it was hard to see anything distinctively.

e.g.:


pack off: send somebody away, esp. quickly and decisively

She packed the children off to bed.e.g.:


put away: put something in the drawer, a box etc. because one has finished using

Put your toys away in the cupboard.e.g.:


the War: World War I (1914-1918)


Bournemouth: a town on the south coast of England where many tourists visit


run: v. organize; make a service available to

London Transport runs extra trains during the rush hour.

e.g.:


excursion: n. short journey esp. one made by a group of people together


hiking: n. long walk esp. in the country taken for pleasure or exercise


rambling: n. walk with pleasure with no destination


The BBC: the British Broadcasting Corporation


The Edwardian Sunday has taken a long time dying. — It has taken the solemn Sunday a long time to come to an end.


relax: v. let (rules, disciplines) become less rigid, strict

We could relax the procedure slightly in your case.

e.g.:


variety: n. 综艺节目


lose…to: have something taken away by

Railway companies have lost much of their business to the bus companies.

e.g.:


live: adj. transmitted while actually happening, not recorded or edited

live coverage of the World Cupe.g.:


1. How was Sunday observed in Edwardian England?

It was observed with solemnity.

2. Was Sunday a busy day in Scotland and Wales?

No. In Scotland and Wales the day was even more strictly kept. There was little public transport on a Sunday, and most shops were closed, as were many pubs, music halls and other places of entertainment.

Reading II Comprehension Questions

3. Did religious families have a lot of entertainments on Sunday?

No. In religious families music on the piano or gramophone was taboo unless it was of a sacred character.


4. What was Sunday for children?

It was often a day of deep gloom for children.

5. How did the children from religious and non-religious families spend their Sunday?

Children from non-religious families were usually packed off to Sunday school and those from religious families faced the kind of “Sunday Afternoon with Mama”. The latter had to put away their weekend toys and got out a special Sunday toy consisting of wooden letters to be made up into biblical verses and their Sunday books of Bible stories.



6. What changes took place on Sunday beginning from the twentieth century?

For more and more people, activities on Sunday no longer centred upon church.

7. What happened to the radio programmes in 1933?

In 1933 John Reith of the BBC finally relaxed his rule of no radio programmes between 12:30 and 3 p.m. on Sunday, but he still insisted that no jazz or band music, variety or comedy should be broadcast on that day.



8. Is Sunday still solemnly observed now?

Not as solemnly as before, because the last restrictions on what the British can do on Sundays are being ended.

9. What kind of activities will soon be legalized?

All trading activities, live theatrical entertainments and professional sporting events.


10. Is the Edwardian Sunday dying fast?

No, it has taken a long time dying.


Reading II Text Analysis1. In what order does the writer describe the slow death of the solemn Sunday?

In chronological order, namely from the Sunday in the Edwardian England to the beginning of 20th century, to 1933, and up until now.

2. Can Sunday die? If not, what figure of speech is used here?

No. Personification is used here, in other words, the writer compares Sunday to a living being.


Exercises

Vocabulary Work

Spot Dictation

Additional Reading Exercise

Translation

Guided Writing

Note Writing


Exercises Vocabulary WorkA. Fill in each blank with a word beginning with the letter printed given before the blank. Parents and teachers are worried about the effect of television

violence on children. Many children (1) w television for several (2) h every day, and (3) e though they are watching children’s (4) p , they are still confronted (5) with scenes of violence and terror. (6) W this constant exposure (7) t violence encourages children to (8) a more violently themselves is not (9) c . There has been a general (10) i in violence in society (11) i recent years, but experts have not been (12) a to trace this trend directly (13) t television. Yet, they point (14) o that the situation is (15) d because TV teaches children (16) a an early age to (17) a violence as a natural (18) p of life.

atch____

ours____ ven____

rogrammes__________hether______ o _

ct__

ertain_____ ncrease______

n_ lert___

o_ ut__

angerous________t_ ccept_____ art___


Men usually (1) (want) to have their own way. They (2) (want) to think and (3) (act) as they like. No one, however, (4) (have) his own way all the time. A man (5) (not live) in society without considering the interests of others as well as his own interests. “Society” (6) (mean) a group of people with the same laws and the same way of life. People in society (7) (make) their own decisions, but these decisions (8) (not be) unjust or harmful to others. One man’s decision (9) so easily (harm) another person. For example, a motorist (10) (be) in a hurry to get to a friend’s house. He (11) (set) out, driving at full speed like a competitor in a race. There (12) (be) other vehicles and

B. Fill in each blank with the proper form of the given verb, using a modal auxiliary where necessary.

want_____ want_____

act ___ can____have____ cannot live _________

means ______

may make _________ought not to be _____________

may ____ harm _____

may be _______

sets ___

are___

Exercises Vocabulary Work


also pedestrians on the road. Suddenly there (13) (be) a crash. There (14) (be) screams and confusion. One careless motorist (15) (strike) another car. The collision (16) (injure) two of the passengers and (17) (kill) the third. Too many road accidents (18) (happen) through the thoughtlessness of selfish drivers. If motorists (19) (drive) more carefully, there (20) (not be) so many traffic accidents.

is __

are___ has ___struck ______ has injured __________

killed_____have happened _____________

had driven __________would not have been __________________



C. Fill in each blank by combing the verb in brackets, after the examples with one of these adverb particles.

out through down over by upIn some cases the particle comes before the given verb and in

some cases after.Examples: 1) The overflow of the water from the kitchen sink spoiled the

party. (flow)2) The manager was the only victim in the hold-up at the bank

last night. (hold)



1. The firm stopped its . (turn)2. All crew were on the for icebergs. (look)3. The of cholera used to be a threat in many parts of the world. (break)4. The between them was broken. (tie)5. What is the great scientific of this century? (break)6. There was a serious on the road to Burlington. We had to take a to get there on time. (hold, pass)7. The on the road to Los Angeles prevented us from catching Flight 205. (break)8. The of forces on the other side of the frontier put the country on the alert. (build)

turnover________lookout _______

tie-up _____breakthrough____________

hold-up _______by-pass_______

breakdown__________

outbreak________

build-up ________



D. Choose a word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the italicized word or phrase in each of the following sentences.

1. The performance given by the students greatly enchanted their parents

on the first day of school. A. amused

C. pleased

B. charmedD. surprised

2. At the end of the term, the students are retested to assess their progress

and to update the program. A. renew and modify

C. bring up to date

B. reconstructD. upgrade

B______

C______



3. Many other cultures have failed to grasp the complexity of American Indian culture and society; as a result, American Indians were often dismissed as juvenile and superstitious.

A. childish

C. young

B. juniorD. youthful

4. Business management is a specialized field of study that investigates the means of achieving efficiency in the context of technological expansion.

A. adequacy C. competence

A______

C______

B. capabilityD. effort



5. In the code set down by the Babylonian King Hammurabi (1760 B.C.), bribery began to be regarded as a punishable offense.

A. attackC. sin

B. crimeD. violation

6. To the amazement of the businessmen, free trade, after a poor start,

brought a higher level of prosperity than they had expected.

A. amusementC. delight

B. astonishmentD. wonder

B______

B______



7. The 1960s witnessed great advances in film production technology, including smaller cameras, mobile units, and low-light film.

A. observed

C. testified

B. verifiedD. saw

8. Recent environmental protection campaigns have moved people to a new level of environmental awareness and activism.

A. alertness C. consciousness

B. familiarityD. information

D______

C______



9. His dorm mates cannot yet get used to his curious way of talking.

A. inquisitiveC. prying

B. snoopingD. peculiar

10. The car accident occurred at the intersection of Elm Street and Queen’s Road yesterday.

A. take advantage ofD. take into account

B. take a chance ofC. take care of

D______

A______



February 14th is the (1) Day. It is observed in some (2) and North American countries. People send (3) or gifts expressing love and (4) sometimes (5) to their sweethearts or friends. May 5th is (6) Boat Festival in China and is held according to the Chinese (7) Calendar. People eat (8) dumplings and hold dragon boat (9) to (10) the ancient scholar-statesman Qu Yuan. December (11) is Boxing Day in Britain, Canada, and the United States. It is (12) as a holiday from the (13) of giving Christmas (14) to the tradesmen and (15) on this day.

Exercises Spot Dictation

Valentine’s_________cards _____European________

_Dragon _______

anonymously ____________

Listen to the recording and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

affection________

Lunar ______ rice ____races_____ commemorate _____________

26 ___observed ________

custom______ boxes_____staff_____


Exercises Translation A. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 医生建议这个病人在手术之后要充分休息。 (recommend)

It is shocking that such a beautiful and elegant young lady should use such vulgar expressions.

2. 这么一个美丽优雅的年轻女士竟然说出这么粗俗的话，真令人震惊 ! (shocking)

The doctor recommended that the patient should have plenty of time of rest after the operation.


Exercises Translation

He had been overworking for years. No wonder he was taken ill.

3. 他已经超负荷工作多年了，怪不得他病倒了。 (no wonder)

4. 她使自己整天都忙忙碌碌的，力图以此来克服她失去儿子的悲痛。 (in an effort)

She kept herself busy all day long in an effort to get over her sorrow at the death of her son.


5. 每隔半个小时就有一辆火车离站。 (at intervals)

Trains leave this station at intervals of half an hour.

6. 今晚的观众大多是四十岁以上的人。 (for the most part)

The audience tonight were, for the most part, people over forty.



8. 你父亲对你辞去工作、离开这座城市会如何看待 ? (take)

How will your father take your quitting the job and leaving the city?


7. 使我们吃惊的是，他从他的枕头底下拿出了一张百万英镑的支票。 (To our...)

To our surprise, he took out a one-million-pound cheque from under his pillow.


看，这是路易莎 ·史蒂文斯写来的信，

B. Translate the following dialogue into English.


Look, here’s a letter from Louisa Stevens. Do youI used to share a room with her in my

巴巴拉：

Barbara:

Mark:

remember her?

你记得她吗 ?

我过去在大学一年级读书时和她住同一个寝室。

first year at college.

路易莎 ·史蒂文斯 ? 马克：

Louisa Stevens? Is she the one who used to play theguitar very well?

是不是那个吉他一向弹得很好的人 ?



吉他 ?巴巴拉：

Barbara:

马克：

路易莎 ? 不，路易莎不喜欢弹吉他。她过去常打网球，而且总是获胜。

Guitar? Louisa? No, Louisa didn’t like to play the guitar!

She used to play tennis — and she always won!

她是业余摄影师吗 ?

Was she an amateur photographer?Mark:

是的，不错。

Yes, that’s right.Barbara:

巴巴拉：



她在信里说些什么 ?马克：

Mark: What does she say in her letter?

哦！我没有跟你说吗？她想来看我们。巴巴拉：

Oh! Didn’t I tell you? She wants to come and see us.Barbara:


A. Look at the paragraph and the map that goes with it. Together they explain how to get to the Youth Hostel. The end of the paragraph is missing. Working in groups of two or three, complete the paragraph, giving as many helpful details as possible.

Exercises Guided Writing

“When you come out of the tunnel, the road divides into two. The left fork goes down to the docks. You should take the right fork unless, of course, you feel like going to have a look at the ships. About a hundred metres further on you’ll pass a picturesque old clock tower onthe left. Immediately after that take a turn to the right, or you’ll be on your way to the river bank again. The road passes through a wood and gradually bends to the left. At the end of the wood you’ll see a long straight road. That’s where you’ll have to ...”





“… That’s where you’ll have to walk towards a beacon straight ahead. Don’t by any means turn left then, otherwise you’ll never reach the Youth Hostel. When you get to the beacon, turn left this time. Not far ahead, you’ll see the road bends towards the right. On your right you can see a peaceful university campus, and on the left a beautiful wood. Then the road forks again, and you’ll see a big white-walled, red-roofed hospital; turn right. Walk straight ahead until you reach a fly-over, which leads to Foliage Village. Neglect this, but go forward and there you are — opposite a wood, the Youth Hostel, where you can enjoy a hot meal, a cold dip into the swimming pool, or, if you’re still energetic enough, a game or two of tennis.”


Exercises Guided Writing B. Write a paragraph based on the map below explaining how to get

to the Youth Hostel, starting from the bus stop.The paragraph may begin like this:

“When you get off the bus, turn right and walk along the road a few hundred metres. Among the woods, you can see the road divide into two. The left fork goes down to the lake. That’s not where you want to go, so take the right fork. ...Unless, of course, you feel like taking a dip in the cool water of the Swan Lake right away.”



Exercises Guided Writing “...Some way ahead you can see an elegant pagoda, where the road forks again. Take the left one, you can leave the visit to the Cloud Temple sometime later during your holidays. Proceed until you reach a pavilion surrounded by a beautiful wood. Take the right fork this time. Not long afterwards you can see a school by which there’s a soccer field. Take the left turn toward a village surrounded by trees, and that is Tingling Village. Don’t take the left road from the village, for it leads to a 5-star hotel, the Lakeside Hotel. Walk along the road leading to the woods. If you’re thirsty, you can have some tea in the teahouse by the roadside. Not far ahead, the road forks again, take the left one. Soon the road winds towards the Lake. When you get to the canteen, don’t turn left, walk straight on and there you are, the Youth Hostel.”


A. The following sentences go together to form a note regretting not seeing someone. Work in groups of two or three, put them in the right order. 20 December, 20__

Dear Conrad,1. When you were in my neighborhood I had to be away!2. We’ll still be able to meet and have a nice chat.3. I saw your note and read it with great regret.4. I’ll call on you at your hotel at 6 p.m. tomorrow.5. I just got back from a lecture.6. What a trick Lady Luck played on us.7. Be seeing you!8. Fortunately you’ll still be in town for the next two days.

Bernard

Exercises Note Writing



Reference version:

20 December, 2007Dear Conrad, I just got back from a lecture. I saw your note and read it with great regret. When you were in my neighborhood I had to be away! What a trick Lady Luck played on us! Fortunately you’ll still be in town for the next two days. We’ll still be able to meet and have a nice chat. I’ll call on you at your hotel at 6 p.m. tomorrow. Be seeing you.

Bernard


B. The following sentences go together to form a not regretting not seeing someone. Put them in the right order.

7 June, 20__Dear Carol,1. It’s high time that we got together and had a long chat.2. To my deep regret, you were not in.3. I’m at home most evenings.4. I’ve just been to your house.5. Call before you come.6. We haven’t met for a long time.7. Hoping to see you soon.8. Don’t you think so?9. My fault, of course, I should have phoned.

Yours,Susie



Reference version:


7 June, 2008Dear Carol, I’ve just been to your house. To my deep regret, you weren’t in. My fault, of course, I should have phoned. We haven’t met for a long time. It’s high time that we got together and had a long chat. Don’t you think so? I’m at home most evenings. Call before you come. Hoping to see you soon.

Yours,Susie


Exercises Additional Reading Exercise

1. 他过去常逛大街，一逛就是几个小时。 (roam)

He used to roam the streets for hours on end.

2. 在祭神仪式上，他们常常宰羊作为祭品。 (sacrifice)

In the rite of God-worship, they often kill sheep as sacrifices.

Translate the following sentences into English by using the cues given in the brackets.


Exercises Additional Reading Exercise

4. 我们在花园里点燃火堆把枯叶烧掉。 (bonfire)

We made a bonfire of dead leaves in the garden.

3. 我们不喜欢乌鸦，因为它不祥。 (omen)

We don’t like crows, because they are birds of ill omen.

Documents

Unit 13 Sense of Security Hallowe’en & Slow Death of Solemn Sunday LSP_MAIN Language Structures Introduction Activity Main Teaching Points Practice Practice