Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Unit 14 -Wonders of the world
definitions
the top of a building that is the shape of half a circle dome
a very hard white, black or pink rock used for building marble
something that is built to remind people of an important event or monument
a tall, thin tower minaret
a country between Italy and Turkey Greece
a person like a king who can tell people what to do A ruler
Something that is not natural but made by man Man-made
a place where water flows over down over a rock Waterfall
To show which plan you support vote
Wonders of the world The pyramids and the lighthouse were among the 7 wonders .
Hanging gardens The hanging gardens of Babylon was one of the 7 wonders .
Make a decision It took six years to make a decision.
Taj Mahal Taj Mahal in India is one of the places on the new list .
Marble monument Taj Mahal is a white marble monument .
The ruler of India Taj Mahal was built by the ruler of India to remember his wife .
Minarets and domes The Holy Mosque has many beautiful minarets and domes .
UNESCO United nations organisation for education ,science and culture .
Wonders mentioned in the unit and their countries
Lighthouse and the pyramids Egypt Petra Jordon
Hanging gardens Iraq Colosseum Italy
The statue of Zeus Greece Chichen Itza Mexico
Taj Mahal India The Great Wall China
The Great Wall is a wall that is 6,300 km long The Colosseum is a stadium
Chichen Itza is a pyramid The Colosseum Taj Mahal is a white marble monuments
Petra is an ancient city the lighthouse is a tall tower
Dome
marble
Monument
minaret
th
the ruler
In Iraq
Taj Mahal
Lighthouse and the pyramids
Statue of Zeus in Greece
Petra in Jordon
The Colosseum, Rome, Italy
Chichen Itza, Mexico. Temple ...
Great Wall of China
Great Wall of China
Language Functions
Ask for opinions, agree and disagree
Asking for opinions Expressing agreement Expressing disagreement
What do you think of --------? How do you feel about ------? Do you agree?
I couldn't agree with you more. That’s (exactly) how I feel. You have a point there
I’m afraid I (totally) disagree. I feel completely the opposite.
Mis (= do wrong or badly) Re (= do again)
read misread paint repaint
print misprint read reread
understand misunderstand train retrain
The Present Perfect Simple Tense
We use the present perfect passive when it is more important to talk about an action than
the person who did it: نستخدم المبني للمجهول عندما يكون الكالم عن الحدث أهم من الكالم عن الشخص
How to form the present perfect
To make the positive present perfect tense, use:
'have' / 'has' + the past participle Make the past participle by adding 'ed' to regular verbs (for example, 'play' becomes 'played') There are a few verbs that change their spelling when you add 'ed' (for example, 'study' becomes 'studied') We also have some completely irregular verbs
(Also, here's some help if you are not sure how to pronounce '-ed' at the end of a verb).
Positive Positive Short Form
I have played I've played
you have worked you've worked
he has written he's written
she has walked she's walked
it has rained it's rained
we have travelled we've travelled
they have studied they've studied
The negative is really simple too. Just put 'not' after 'have' or 'has':
Negative Negative Short Form
I have not eaten breakfast today I haven't eaten
you have not been to Asia you haven't been
he has not seen the new film he hasn't seen
she has not played tennis she hasn't played
it has not snowed this winter it hasn't snowed
we have not slept all night we haven't slept
they have not tried the food they haven't tried
To make a question, put 'have' or 'has' in front of the subject:
'Yes / No' Questions
have I missed the bus?
have you visited London?
has he worked as a waiter before?
has she met John?
has it been cold this week?
have we arrived too early?
have they studied English grammar before?
As you can imagine, for 'wh' questions, we just put the question word before 'have' or 'has':
'Wh' Questions
where have I left my umbrella?
what have you done today?
why has he gone already?
where has she been in the UK?
why has it rained so much this summer?
what have we done?
where have they learned English before?
Unit 15—Technology
Definitions
development the processes of becoming bigger, better, etc.
advertise tell people about something in newspapers, on TV, etc.
arrange make plans for something to happen
pay give someone money for something that you are buying
Social media websites used by people to communicate
transfer move someone or something from one place to another …..…….
scam Dishonest plan , usually to get money .
smartphone A mobile which works as a computer .
Privacy settings A system on social networking sites that you can use to make sure that only people that you know can read messages and see information about you .
Study the following
Rob The thieves robbed the bank . / The thief robbed me of my watch
Steal The thieves stole the money / The thief stole my watch
Arabic I am good at Arabic as well as English
Arab country Egypt was the first Arab country to use the internet .
Social media websites Facebook , twitter and Instgram are social media
Transfer money We can use the mobile to transfer money.
Make friends We can make friends online .
Smartphone If you want to use the latest technology , use the smartphone
The sphinx The Sphinx is a famous monument that many tourists visit
Repair= mend = fix Remy’s bike is broken. How can we repair it?
Art gallery We saw some famous paintings in the new art gallery
Temple This temple is around two thousand years old
The Zero Conditional
We can make a zero conditional sentence with two present simple verbs (one in the 'if clause' and one in the 'main clause'):
If + present simple, .... present simple.
Here are some more examples:
If people eat too much, they get fat. If you touch a fire, you get burned. People die if they don't eat. You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen. Snakes bite if they are scared If babies are hungry, they cry
Zero Conditional Form
Make the zero conditional
1) If children (not/eat) well, they (not/be) healthy.
2) If you (mix) water and electricity, you (get) a shock.
3) If people (eat) too many sweets, they (get) fat.
4) If you (smoke) , you (get) yellow fingers.
5) If children (play) outside, they (not/get) overweight.
6) If you (heat) ice, it (melt)
7) The river …………..(freeze) if it……………….. (be) very cold.
The Answer
1) If children do not eat
(not/eat) well, they are not
(not/be) healthy.
2) If you mix
(mix) water and electricity, you get
(get) a shock.
3) If people eat
(eat) too many sweets, they get
(get) fat.
4) If you smoke
(smoke) , you get
(get) yellow fingers.
5) If children play
(play) outside, they don't get
(not/get) verweight.
6) If you heat
(heat) ice, it melts
(melt).
7) The river freezes
(freeze) if it is
(be) very cold.
The First Conditional
The first conditional has the present simple after 'if', then the future simple in the other clause:
if + present simple, ... will + infinitive
It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this
describes possible things, which could easily come true.
If it rains, I won't go to the park. If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight. If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes. She'll be late if the train is delayed. She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon. If I see her, I'll tell her. Exercise 1- If you ……(get) back late, I ……..(be) angry. 2- If I ……….(not/go) to bed early, I …………(be) tired tomorrow. 3- If I ……… (not/go) to bed early, I ………..(be) tired - If you … get …(get) back late, I …will be …..(be) angry.
2- If I …don’t go …….(not/go) to bed early, I …will be ………(be) tired tomorrow. 3- If I don't go (not/go) to bed early, I will be(be) tired
The Second Conditional
The second conditional uses the past simple after if, then 'would' and the infinitive:
if + past simple, ...would + infinitive
(We can use 'were' instead of 'was' with 'I' and 'he/she/it'. This is mostly done in formal writing).
It has two uses.
First, we can use it to talk about things in the future that are probably not going to be true. Maybe I'm imagining some dream for
example.
If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.(I probably won't win the lottery) If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello. She would travel all over the world if she were rich. She would pass the exam if she ever studied.(She never studies, so this won't happen)
Second, we can use it to talk about something in the present which is impossible, because it's not true. Is that clear? Have a look
at the examples:
If I had his number, I would call him. (I don't have his number now, so it's impossible for me to call him). If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man.
Exercise
1-If I (speak) perfect English, I (have) a good job.
2-If I ……..…. (live) in Mexico, I (speak) Spanish.
3-) If she (pass) the exam, she (be) able to enter university.
4-) She (be) happier if she (have) more friends.
5) We (buy) a house if we (decide) to stay here.
6) They (have) more money if they (not/buy) so many clothes.
7) We (come) to dinner if we (have) time.
8) She (call) him if she (have) his number.
9) They (go) to Spain on holiday if they (like) hot weather.
10) She (pass) the exam if she (study) more.
Answer
1-[ spoke ][ 'd have ]
2-[ lived ][ 'd speak ]
3-[ passed ][ 'd be ]
4-[ 'd be ][ had
5-[ 'd buy ][ decided ]
6-[ 'd have ][ didn't buy ]
7-[ 'd come ][ had ]
8-[ 'd call ][ had ]
9-[ 'd go ][ liked ]
10-[ 'd pass ][ studied ]
