Unit 3 Artist as Scientist

Announcements: • Midterm handed out on Thursday

• Assignment update posted on website

• Field trip 5/19/18

• Art session #2 next Tuesday

Middle Ages

Renaissance: – Rise of the scientific

method

– Innovative techniques

and materials

– Leonardo da Vinci –

Assignment Folder Update #1 • Earth map (units 1-3)

• Connections concept map

• On campus art assignment

• Unit 1 : Art of the Paleolithic

• Video write up – Ice Age Bay Area

• Video write up – Lascaux Cave Virtual tour

• Prehistoric Animal Group work- Group Art Session #1

– SRC research notes

– Group board work notes

• Unit 2 : Neolithic Revolution

• Life ways concept map

• Indigenous Groups

• -Research notes

• Unit 3: Artist as Scientist

• Video worksheet

– Chinese landscape painting

• Video notes

– Leonardo da Vinci anatomical studies

Unit 3 Lecture Concepts

• Classic Period: – The rise of the great civilizations

– What is a civilization?

• Chinese Landscape Painting – Characteristics

– Philosophy and process

• Renaissance: – Rise of the scientific method

– Innovative techniques and materials

– Leonardo da Vinci – the Renaissance Man

• Maria Sybilla Merian – 1st lady of Natural History – Her life and work

Unit 3 Activities

• Connections Concept Map

– Classic period

– Middle ages

– Renaissance

• Video worksheet /write up

– Chinese landscape painting

• Video : Leonardo da Vinci

• Earth map update

Unit 3 terms

Silk road

Renaissance

fresco

cabinet of curiosities

spontaneous generation

Surinam, S. America

Chinese Landscape painting

Video worksheet

Strolling by the Sea - Tang Yin 1470 - 1524

The rise of early western civilizations • Technology advanced • Long distance travel-

exploration • Trade routes to Asia-

linking East with West Silk road • Well-developed artistic,

religious and literary classes—increase spare time for upper classes, resources and motivation to advance

The rise of early western civilization’s

CCM4A. Middle Ages: 5th to 14th century– settled agriculture • Rise of organized religions

• Period of upheaval rise of church of Rome & settled states of Europe.

• Catholic Church gained power – socially and politically

• Feudalism and cast systems—few owned most of land

• Rise of monarchies and the middle class (artisan and merchants)

• Urban and rural areas established

• Creativity and individualism was stifled and conformity was encouraged.

CCM4B. Art of the Middle Ages •Illustrate religious text –

Illuminated Manuscripts •Architecture--decorating churches or public places with religious scenes •Show devotion to the church • mythological creatures- life’s mysteries were explained through myths and scriptures • inaccurate representations •anthropomorphic •Stylized •Not drawn from life

Middle Ages

CCM4C. Attitudes toward nature

• Human superiority over nature.

• Monotheism – single god predominates

• Nature/wilderness viewed as evil – where the devil lurks

• Taming wilderness becomes a moral act.

• Controlling nature instead of interacting with it…didn’t consider ourselves part of the natural system.

• People looked to scriptures to answer questions about the world, nature, life and death and our place in it.

• Exploring the natural world, self expression and questioning life was discouraged and deemed sacrilege Samson Killing the Lion,

Albrecht Durur, woodcut

Settled Agriculture

Byzantine Empire or Late Roman empire 1261- 1453

Mosaic of the Grape harvest

SETTLED AGRICULTURE

Medieval Europe 500 AD - 1509

Middle Ages-- settled agriculture

Religious Portraits of the Middle Ages

Classic Period: Rise of civilizations urban/rural Trade Art became socially, politically, spiritually and culturally important Middle Ages Rise of organized religion settled states of Europe stifling of creativity & scientific spirit religion-based art

Italian Renaissance 1400’s – 1700’s

CCM5a. The Renaissance 1400 – 1700 • settled agriculture

• Originated in Italy

• Catholic Church remained the

ultimate power.

• Pockets of pagan religions existed,

stemming from our H/G past.

• Rebirth of the scientific spirit.

• Revival of ancient Greece

• Influenced philosophy, literature,

politics, art and technology .

• Led to the expansion of European

countries- technologic and

geographic exploration

• Experimentation was encouraged

The Renaissance Why Italy: •1,000 years of cultural &

intellectual starvation

•Richest trading nation

•Immigration of Greek

scholars with access to

the ancient scriptures.

•Rich patrons, religious and

merchant classes with

funds for commissions.

•Well established artisan class

•Desire to imitate and study

nature.

Artist as Scientist A new scientific spirit---

Scholars began to examine the

world with fresh eyes and to

question the myths and fantasies.

Painting materials of the Renaissance: • egg tempera paint

– Water-based and nontoxic – Egg binder- painted on wood panel – Transparent- layers needed – Permanent- dries quickly

• Frescos – Brushed onto wet plaster- murals – Long drying time – Non correctable - permanent

• oil paint – Oil-based- slow drying- toxic – Wood panel or canvas – Versatile – easily correctable – Depth and texture

• Watercolor – Painted on paper- transparent – Preliminary sketch-mobile simple – Not permanent – fades over time

Artist as Scientist

Leonardo da Vinci:

1452 - 1519

A true renaissance man. “A man of unquenchable curiosity and feverishly inventive imagination"

Artist as Scientist

Leonardo did extensive studies

on how animals and humans

moved and how their

muscles and bones worked

together.

This led to his anatomical

research that he

conducted on live and

dead subjects.

Artist as Scientist

Artist as Scientist

5B. Art of the Renaissance 1400 - 1700 • Revival of the realism of Classic

Greece

• Artists gained an important position in society

• Religion-based themes BUT

• Late renaissance- landscape, portraits and still life also became popular

• Realism based on observation

• Expansion of art materials used - experimentation

• Mastery of illusionary painting techniques

illusionary painting techniques:

Foreshortening- showing depth with the way a subject is drawn- position

plane changes with in one subject

Lamentation over the Dead Christ, Andrea Mantegna,

Quadratura-

illusionistic

technique of

architectural

perspective-

extending

architectural

features into the

painting.

Camera Degli Sposi Frescoes (1465-74) Andrea Mantegna

Artist as Scientist

The Mona Lisa 1503 – 1506

Lisa Gherardini

Leonardo da Vinci’s most well known painting.

It is on permanent exhibit at the Louvre in Paris and is one of the most visited paintings in history.

Sfumato- the seamless blending of colors and value

Artist as Scientist

Last Supper- 1498

15’ x 29’ tempra on dry plaster

took 3 years to complete

wall of the convent of Santa Maria delle Gracie--Milan, Italy

Linear perspective- technique that gives a painting depth

The Last Supper?

5C. Attitude towards Nature

• Human superiority over nature.

• Wilderness = bad evil

• Taming wilderness remains a moral act.

• Learning about nature in order to better understand and control nature.

• Curiosity toward natural processes, concepts, physics and behavior to answer questions about the world and life.

• Commoditization of

Unit 3: Artist as Scientist

Video write up:

Anatomy Drawings of Leonardo Da Vinci

Summarize information not presented in lecture