Unit 3 Writing Modes:

or Organizing a Paper

Question: What are “writing modes”?

Provide patterns for writing Sentences Paragraphs Papers

Match organization to purpose1. Cause and Effect2. Comparison and Contrast3. Process Analysis

Cause and effect

Cause and effect – Explains or analyzes the causes and effects of something

o Cause Effecto Multiple causes Effecto Cause(s) Multiple effectso Chain of causes (one thing

leads to another, which leads to another…)

Rube Goldberg machines

Cause and effect

Cause and effect signalso Because…o If… then….o As a result….

Cause and effect structures

Comparison and/or Contrast

Compare – Show likenesses

RoundFruitsSeeds

RedWholePome

OrangeHalfCitrus

Contrast – Show differences o Sometimes teachers

ask for one when theywant both.

Comparison/contrast

Comparison and/or contrast signals o Likewise… However…o Similarly… In contrast…o In the same way… On the other hand…

Comparison/contrast structureOrganize bywhat’s compared

Apples Shape Color

Oranges Shape Color

Organize bystandard of comparison

Shape Apple Orange

Color Apple Orange

Process

Process Analysis – Explains how something is done, made, or works, or how it came to be

Great examples on HowStuffWorks.com

Process Signals

Process Analysis:Although photography is a complex process, the amateur version of this art usually involves simple steps. First, the photographer loads the film into an analog camera. Next, the person behind the camera arranges the desired image, makes sure the flash is engaged and film advanced if necessary, and presses the shutter button. Finally, when the film roll is complete, the photographer takes the film to a developing lab and awaits the results.

Other signals: Before… During… After… Later… While… or as…

Mix-and-match Modes

Use one mode within another

Process Paper: Photography

Step 1: Choose a subject.Step 2: Decide between film or digital

Comparison/ContrastFilm vs. Digital