Unit 5 Classroom Management

8/13/2019 Unit 5 Classroom Management

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Unit 5 ClassroomManagement

Objectives:

By the end of this chapter you will be able to:1. Understand definition of classroommanagement

2. Understand the different factors which mayaffect classroom management1) The teacher role

2) Teacher instruction

3) Student grouping

4) Discipline5) Questioning in the classroom

6) Dealing with errors


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5.1 The role of the teacher inthe classroom

Modern teaching methodology sees teaching as the

emancipation of human nature. In the whole

process of instruction, teacher and student both

play a subjective role. In such a case, the teachercertainly plays quite different roles from the past.

Generally speaking, the teacher may play six roles,

namely organizer, controller, assessor, prompter,participant, and resource-provider (Harmer,

1983:201)


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The new roles of the teacher

Teachers as facilitators Teachers as guides

Teachers as researchers

[1], [2],,2004-7-1[3],,2001-11-1
http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5%20%20%E5%BE%90%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E7%BC%96&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5%20%20%E5%BE%90%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E7%BC%96&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5%20%20%E5%BE%90%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E7%BC%96&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?publisher=%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%88%E5%A4%A7&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?publisher=%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%88%E5%A4%A7&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5%20%20%E5%BE%90%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E7%BC%96&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5%20%20%E5%BE%90%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E7%BC%96&page=1http://www.gooedu.com/Search/?author=%E5%82%85%E9%81%93%E6%98%A5%20%20%E5%BE%90%E9%95%BF%E6%B1%9F%E7%BC%96&page=1


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5.2 Classroom instructions

Proper instruction is the precondition ofaccomplishment of activities. To give appropriateinstruction, it is necessary to follow the followingprinciples.(1) Economy with words: the teacher should use as

few words as possible.(2) Simple and clear language at all points: languageshould be easy to understand.(3) Demonstration of what is needed.(4) Check of students understanding: the teacher can

check individual students to make sure that studentsunderstand the instruction and know what to do.(5) Use the native language when necessary.(6) Vary the instruction now and then.


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5.3 Student grouping

The type of interaction is another factorthat influences the effect of instruction. Itis necessary for the teacher to know the

strong and weak points of each model,and select the right one for classroominteraction.

There are mainly four interaction models

Whole class work (Lockstep) Pair work

Group work

Individual study


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5.3.1 Whole class work

Whole class workis where all the student areunder the control of the teacher. They are alldoing the same activity at the same rhythm and

pace. Whole class workis often adopted whenthe teacher is making a presentation, checkingexercise answers, or doing accuracyreproduction. When the teacher asks questions,

the students speak either together or one by one,in turns or indicated by the teacher.


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5.3.2 Pair work

Pair work is where the students work in pairs.

It could be a competition over a game or co-

operation in a task or project between the two

students. They could also do certain exercises

together or oral practice. When the students are

doing pair work, the teacher usually circulates

around the classroom, answering question orproviding help when necessary.


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5.3.3 Group work

Group work is where the students work insmall groups. Each group has 3,4,or 5 students,depending on the activity. What students do in

group work is similar to pair work, only thereare more members in the group. Group work ismost beneficial when the activity requirescontributions from more than two students. The

teacher can join each group for a while, butonly as a participant not as a leader or inspector.


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5.3.4 Individual study

Individual studyis the stage during the class where thestudents are left to work on their own and at their own speed.Usually they are doing the same task, but the teacher may

give them a choice of tasks. Some activities cannot be donein pairs or groups, for instance, reading and writing. Peopleread at different speed, so they cannot read together, thoughtwo people might share one book. It seems writing can be

done in pairs or groups, but what they are actually doingwhen they are working together is brainstorming ideas,discussing, or revising. When it comes to the real writingstage students should work individually.


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5.4 Discipline

Discipline does not mean a series ofpunishment meted out to badly behaved

students. Discipline here refers to a code ofconduct, which binds a teacher and a group ofstudents together so that learning can be moreeffective.

How to deal with the indisciplined acts?(Textbook PP78-82)


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5.5 Questioning in theclassroom

How to ask effective questions?1) Questions should be closely linked with theteaching objectives in the lesson;2) Questions should be staged so that the level ofchallenge increases as the lesson proceeds;3) There should be a balance between closed andopen, lower-order and higher-order questions;4) Wait time is important to allow students to thinkthrough their answers;5) Students should be provided opportunities to asktheir own questions and seek their own answers;6) A secure and relaxed atmosphere of trust isneeded and studentsopinions and ideas are valued.


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5.6 Dealing with errors

How to treat students errors in the classroom?

There are different ways and techniques for correcting

errors, such as direct teacher correction, indirect

teacher correction, self-correction, peer correction,whole classroom correction, etc. As a general rule,

indirect teacher correction is encouraged rather than

direct teacher correction to avoid damaging students

self esteem and confidence. Also, self-correction isencouraged before teacher correction or peer correction.


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Homework

Answer the following questions:

1.What are the main roles teachers can play before,

during and after the class?

2.How to give effective classroom instructions?

3.What are the different ways for student grouping?

4.How to ask effective questions?

5.How to treat students errors in the classroom?

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Unit 5 Classroom Management