Unit 6: Turn of the Century Do Now: What do you know about the turn of the century? Territorial Expansion Open Door Policy: Secretary of State John Hay proposed a policy that would give all nations equal trading with CHINA. Dollar Diplomacy: President Taft urged American banks and businesses to invest in Latin America. He promised that the United States would step in if unrest threatened their investments. This time period became the era of global economy. and Imperialism (taking over other areas) What caused the Spanish-American War (1898)? Cubans rebels waged a war against Spanish rule To boost newspaper sales, William Randolph Hearst used yellow journalism (sensational and deliberately shocking stories) to create public outrage against Spain. The USS Maine was sent to Havana Harbor as a friendly courtesythree weeks later it blew up killing over 266 sailors. Spain was immediately blamed via the press. Many years later it was discovered the ship hit a submerged mine. Why should you remember the Spanish American War? This war marked the emergence of the US as a world power Spain recognized Cuban independence and agreed to cede the Philippines to the US for $20 million. This marked the first time the US acquired overseas territory. https://www.youtube.com/wat ch?v=q1goSNElCyE President Theodore Roosevelt After the Spanish American War, Theodore Roosevelt was aware that civilized nations such as the USA and Great Britain had a duty to police the world. To do that the US should Speak softly and carry a big stick The Roosevelt Corollary An addition to the Monroe Doctrine, the U.S. would prevent European intervention in Latin America by intervening itself as necessary especially to protect the work in the Panama Canal. Panama Canal: The United States encouraged Panamas independence from Colombia. The parties negotiated a treaty to build the canal. https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=1_vC8Guk0Qc https://www.youtube.com/watc h?v=shWrzvNGLdw The Pacific Hawaii: U.S. efforts to depose Hawaiis monarchy; U.S. annexation of Hawaii Alaska: was bought from Russia Classwork: Viewpoints on Imperialism: 1.arguments for or against 2.Critical thinking: Short answer response 3.Timeline from isolationism to imperialism DO NOW Describe the American expansion period known as imperialism World War I The Great War Causes of the War Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in 1914 when he visited Serbia. European military, political alliances, and extreme nationalism made war inevitable. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=XRcg_t2oJkc Beginnings The war began in Europe in 1914 when Germany and Austria Hungary went to war with Britain, France, and Russia. There are two alliances: Central Powers (Triple Alliance) were Austria- Hungary, Germany and the Ottoman Empire Allied Powers (Triple Entente) were USA, Great Britain and Russia ** New to this war** Trench Warfare, Lethal Gas, Machine Guns, Tanks, and Air warfare. https://www.yout ube.com/watch?v =SUCaqptNqKM Zimmermann Note Controversy The message came from German Arthur Zimmermann (Foreign Affair Secretary), on January 16, 1917 to Mexico. It stated that Mexico was promised territories in Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona that had been lost to the United States if they join the Central Powers. Mexico, unable to match the U.S. military, ignored the proposal and after the U.S. entered the war, officially rejected it. US Involvement For three years, the US remained neutral and there was strong sentiment to not get involved. However, the US did join in 1917 because of the continuation of German submarine (Uboats) warfare on British ships. The Lusitania (a British cruise liner) sank during this time period US Involvement (Cont) Woodrow Wilson wanted to make the world safe for democracy USs military resources of soldiers and war materials led to Germanys defeat. US supported their troops with Propaganda and War Bonds. **Armistice** The war ended on November 11, 1918 at 11AM. Hence, Veterans Day. The End Treaty of Versailles Insisted on punishing Germany which included them to reduce their military and charging them $20 BILLION for causing the war Redrew National boundaries in Europe Wilsons 14 points The first 5 points called for general principles for international conduct (freedom of seas, removal of trade barriers, reduction of militaries) The next 8 contained specific recommendations for establishing post war boundaries. (self-determination) The most important was #14the creation of a general association of nations for peace keepingThe League of Nations. The USA, however, DID NOT join the League of Nations because the Senate failed to approve it and they did not want foreign policy made by a international group. https://www.youtube.com/w atch?v=KfnEy8FuElc CW Whos Who in WWI Page One. Color the alliances according to page 85 THREE COLORS NEEDED. Page Two. Summarize the notes with the fill in the blank activity. DO NOW What are the M A I N reasons for World War I? Roaring 20s Mass Media and Communication Radio: Broadcast jazz and Fireside Chats Movies: Provided escape from Depression-era realities Newspapers and magazines: Shaped cultural norms and sparked fads. Harlem Renaissance An urban black cultural movement in NYC that created great: Authors Langston Hughes Musicians Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, Dizzy Gillespie Artists Jacob Lawrence Challenges to traditional values Traditional religion: Darwins theory, the Scopes Trial Open immigration: Rise of the new Ku Klux Klan (KKK) Prohibition: 18 th and 21 st amendment Smuggling alcohol and speakeasies Traditional role of women: Flappers, 19 th Amendment Story of US clip CW Group Primary Source Analysis 1. Prohibition Pictures 2. New KKK 3. Women 4. Scopes Trial Answer the wrap up questionfill up the space. Do Now Open Notes Quiz!! Great Depression Why did the Stock Market Crash? Business was booming, but investments were made with borrowed money (overspeculation) There was excessive expansion of credit. Business failures led to bankruptcies. Bank Deposits were invested in the market. When the market collapsed, the banks ran out of money! Results of the Stock Market Crash Clients panicked, attempting to withdraw their money from the banks, but there was nothing to give them. There were no new investments. Causes of the Great Depression The stock market crash of 1929 and collapse of stock prices Federal Reserve failure to prevent widespread collapse of the nations banking system lead to severe deficit in the nations supply of money in circulation. High protective tariffs that produced tariffs in other countries, strangling world trade (Tariff Act of 1930, also called the Hawley Smoot Act) Unemployment (25%) and homelessness (creation of Hoovervillesshantytowns named after the president) Collapse of financial system (bank closings) Decline in demand for goods Political unrest Farm Foreclosures (Dust Bowl) Impact of the Great Depression CW Buddy, Can you spare a Dime Song Analysis FDR: Fireside Chat Analysis and Summary3ok3ok DO NOW What were the causes and effects of the Great Depression? The New Deal The New Deal was created by Franklin D. Roosevelt This program changed the role of the government to a more active participant in solving problems. Roosevelt rallied a frightened nation in which one in four workers were unemployed. (We have nothing to fear, but fear itself.) Relief Measures provided direct payment to people for immediate help. (Works Progress Administration WPA) Recovery Programs were designed to bring nation out of the Depression over time. (Agricultural Adjustment Act AAA) Reform Measures corrected unsound banking and investment practices. (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation FDIC) Social Security Act offered safeguards for workers (law was passed in 1935) such as retirement and workers compensation (side note: Medicare did not start until ) The legacy of the New Deal influenced the publics belief in the responsibility of government to deliver public services, to intervene in the economy, and to act in ways that promote the general welfare. New Deal Videos short clip&feature=related&feature=relatedcc history channel videosdeal/videos/the-new-dealdeal/videos/the-new-deal Classwork: New Deal Programs Analysis New Deal Posters analysis