Unit 9Animals

Lesson A - Part 1

• extinct (adj): no longer in existence

• ecological (adj): relating to the balance be

tween plants, animals, people, and their e

nvironment.

• endangered species: animals or plants

that are in danger of becoming extinct

(e.g., the gorilla, the panda, the Siberian

tiger, the whale), as identified by an

international organization that publishes a

list of them

• to mate (v): come together to have sexual intercourse and produce young

• to bond (v): join two things securely

together

• permanently (adv): forever

1 (A)

• 1. whale

• 2. frog

• 3. dog

• 4. goose

Part 2

• amphibian (n): an animal that lives both on land and in water

• mammal (n): an animal in which the female gives birth to babies, not eggs, and feeds them on milk from her own body

• primate (n): the order to which humans, apes, and monkeys belong

• reptile (n): an animal whose blood temperature changes with the outside temperature and whose body is covered by scales or plates

• rodent (n): a type of small mammal with sharp front teeth

• scale (n): any of the thin over lapping plates of hard material covering the skin of many fish and reptiles.

2 (A)

1. b

2. d

3. a

4. c

5. e

2 (B)

• mammal: man, dog rabbit

• primate: man ape, chimpanzee

• rodent: squirrel, rat, hamster, mouse

• amphibian: salamander, frog, toad

• reptile: iguana, snake, lizard

Grammar – Noun clauses with whoever and whatever

• Whoever and whatever can begin noun clauses. They can function as either the subject or object of the clause.

whoever = the person who/anyone who/everyone who

– Whoever hunts endangered species could be contributing to their extinction.

– Some animals will bond permanently with whoever spends time with them when they are young.

whatever = anything that/everything that

– The international community should do whatever is necessary to protect endangered species.

– Trained dogs can smell whatever passengers try to hide in their luggage.

Part 3

• extinction (n): action of making extinct

• disservice (n): sth that harms

• to alter (v): change

• cobra (n):

• venom (n): poisonous fluid of certain sakes, scorpions, etc, injected by a bite or sting

• raccoon (n):

• to feel cornered (v): to get sth into a pos

ition from which it’s hard to escape

• aggressive (adj): ready to attack

• animal preserves (NP): areas animals a

re protected from hunters

• campaign (n): series of planned activities with particular social, commercial, or political aim

• repulsive (adj): disgusting

• obligatory (adj): compulsory, required

3 (A)

1. whoever

2. whoever; whatever/whoever

3. whatever/whoever

4. whatever

5. whoever

6.whoever/whatever

Part 4

• cheetah (n):

• species (n): group of animals or plants within a genus; differing only in minor details from the others, and able to breed with each other but not with other groups

• endangered species: animals or plants

that are in danger of becoming extinct

(e.g., the gorilla, the panda, the Siberian

tiger, the whale), as identified by an

international organization that publishes a

list of them

41. How many cheetahs are there today, and

where do they live?

Today some 12,000 cheetahs live in 30 countries.

2. Who helps cheetahs?

Cheetahs are helped by conservationists, people who work hard to protect the environment.

3. How fast can they run?

Cheetahs can run more than 60 miles per hour (95 km per hour).

4. How much do they weigh?

An adult cheetah weighs 100 pounds (45kg).

5. Why are there fewer cheetahs today?

There are fewer cheetahs today because they have been hunted.

Part 5

• solitary (adj): to be the only one or to cho

ose not to be with similar people, animals,

or things

• Tibetan highlands: the mountainous area

s of Tibet

• rain forest: a forest in a hot area of the wo

rld that receives a lot of rain.

• Borneo (n): a large island in Southeast Asia

shared by the countries of Malaysia and

Indonesia

• Sumatra (n): One of the islands of Indonesia

• habitat (n): the natural surroundings in which an

animal or plant usually lives

• bamboo (n): a tall grass that grows in hot

regions and has hard, hollow stems

• shoot (v): (an in bamboo shoot) the first part of

a plant to appear above the earth as it develops

from a seed, or a new growth on an already

existing plant

• cycle (n) : (as in growth cycle) a complete set of

events that repeat themselves regularly in the

same order

• to breed (v): to keep animals or plants for the

purpose of producing other animals or plants

5 (A)

• Anima 1: snow leopard

• Anima 2: orangutan

• Anima 3: panda

5 (A) - Optional activity

• snow leopard: central Asia, feeds on

deer, leaping, beautiful fur

• orangutan: rain forests, trees, swinging,

long arms, forest habitat

• panda: bamboo forests, China, 200

pounds, zoos

6 (A)

• Writer’s position:

There needs to be a new law to protect

endangered species: People who are

caught buying or selling products made

from endangered species should be forced

to do community service.

Reasons: If people had to do community service wor

king with endangered animals, they might understand how destructive their business is.

Community service would turn animal traff

ickers into helpers, not destroyers. Paying fines alone doesn’t work. Communi

ty service is necessary.

Lesson B - Part 1

• to soar (v): to go up quickly

Part 3

• respiratory allergies (NP) :

conditions that makes a person develop

breathing problems because they have

come in contact with certain substances

3 (A)

• 1. wherever

• 2. when/ whenever

• 3. whenever/when; when

• 4. where

• 5. when

Part 5

• Capuchin monkey: a family of monkeys

consisting of 30 species, all native

to South America

• quadriplegic (n): a person who is permanently

unable to move any of his or her arms or legs,

either because of an accident or illness

• to fetch (v): to go to another place to get

something and bring it back

• foster family: a family that takes care of a child as if it were their own usually for a limited time, without being the child’s legal parent

• nursing home: a place where elderly people live when hey can no longer take care of themselves

• disposition (n): a person’s usual way of feeling or behaving as in their tendency to be happy, anxious, frightened, etc.

5• Monkey :

The monkey performs easy but necessary tasks for quadriplegics, such as turning electric switches on and off, fetching objects, and picking things up off the floor.

• Dog:

people in nursing homes look forward to visits by dogs, often smiling and showing a true interest. The residents make more of an effort to walk or move their wheelchairs over to the dogs, in order to pet them.