Unit 9: Lecture 1Early Days of

the Civil Rights

Movement

Chapter 14

Lecture Review Questions

1. What were some challenges African Americans faced under segregation?

2. How did the Civil Rights Movement begin?3. Which civil rights organization won a number

of important court cases against segregation in the 1950s?

4. What action did African Americans take early on in their struggle for freedom?

5. How did the movement split under New Leaders?

6. What was the lasting legacy of the Civil Rights Movement?

Legacy of the South

Supreme Court Case Plessy v Ferguson? Separate, but Equal Ruling cemented

segregation in America for nearly 100 years after the civil War.

Jim Crow Laws? Laws that separated the races and

justified the second class status of African Americans

A History of Violence & Oppression Supreme Court Case Plessy v Ferguson?

Separate, but Equal Ruling cemented segregation in America for nearly 100 years after the civil War.

Jim Crow Laws? Laws that separated the races and justified the

second class status of African Americans Lynching Lack of Voting Rights Lower rates of homeownership Very few held public office Poor Access to education & jobs

Roots of the Movement

Great Migration New Deal WWII Rise of NAACP

 What impact did Emmett Till’s death have on

young African American’s of the 1950s?

Inspired a generation of African Americans to begin a Civil Rights Movement that would bring new freedom for black citizens.

Exposed the system to be broken and racist.

 1st significant Victory:Getting the Law on your side

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Brown v. Board of Education 1954

NAACP became the

most powerful

civil rights organizatio

n in the nation,

attracting both white and black members

Early Actions Rosa Parks arrest Montgomery Bus Boycott Formation of CORE SCLC

SNCC

What reaction did the Supreme Court Case Brown v. Board of Education have in the segregationist South of the United

States of America?

  

By overturning the principle of “separate, but equal” the Court lent its support to the views of many civil rights advocates that all forms of segregation were wrong.

Southern States collectively rejected the Courts ruling and refused to integrate Schools.

Where did the fight to integrate schools make national news?

Central High School Little Rock Arkansas

Gov. Oral Faubus called in the National Guard to block the 9 black student who were scheduled to attend the school

Elizabeth Eckford walked alone among the angry mob being spit on and taunted with possibly being lynched

 What action did President Eisenhower take to enforce

the Supreme Court’s decision that “Separate But Equal” facilities was unconstitutional

President Eisenhower called in federal troops to protect the students and enforce the Court’s Ruling

Civil Rights Act of 1957

Students make the Difference

College grass roots campaigns=Sit-ins

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee=SNCC

Riding For Freedom=Risk JFK intervenes

James Meredith Integrates University of Mississippi

The Movement Intensifies

Birmingham Letter from Birmingham Jail

March on Washington “I have a Dream Speech”

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Taking up the Challenge Freedom Summer Marching on Selma Voting Rights Act 1965 24th Amendment to US Constitution Frustration Explodes into Violence

New Leaders & New Vision

Malcom X & the Nation of Islam Black Power Movement Black Panthers

Legacy of the Civil Rights Movement

Assassinations MLK/RFK/ MX

Gains Won Eliminated De jure Segregation

Fair Housing Act Allowed for voting and Political

participation Thurgood Marshall appointed to Supreme

Court\

Controversial Issues Remain Integration-Forced Busing Affirmative Action