Unit B, Chapter 3, Lesson 1

The Skeletal System•Skull

•Clavicle

•Scapula

•Humerus

•Sternum

•Rib Cage

•Vertebrae

•Ulna

•Radius

•Femur

•Patella

•Fibula

•Tibia

The Skeletal System

Made up of 206 bones. The bones of the face, skull,

vertebral column and rib cage make up your body’s central framework for support. (Protects vital organs!)

Functions: Supports you Allows you to move Protects vital organs Produces blood cells

Anatomy of a Bone

The Inside of a Long Bone Parts of a Long Bone

Spongy Bone Bone Marrow Compact Bone Periosteum

http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/bone.html

Support and Movement

Which bones provide support and movement? Bones of the:

Arms Legs Pelvis

They work with muscles to help us move!

http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_body/body_basics/bones_muscles_joints.html

Important “Bone” Terms

Cartilage: a strong flexible tissue on the ends of some bones It provides a cushion

where bones come together.

Ligaments: strong cords of tissue that connect the bones in your joints.

How do our bones move?

Joint: a point at which two bones meet.

Without joints, you could not move. Three main kinds of joints:

Hinge Joint Ball and Socket Joint Fixed Joint

Joints

Types of Joints Movements Locations

Hinge JointAllows back and forth movement.

Elbow, Knees

Fixed JointNo movement is allowed.

Plates of the skull

Ball-and-Socket JointAllows a wide range of movements.

Shoulder, Hip

Problems and Caring for the Skeletal System

Skeletal System Problems

Scoliosis Photograph of someone with scoliosis.

Causes: deformity of the spine win which the spine develops an S-shaped curve when viewed from behind.

Can this affect you? Affects 2% of women and .5% of men in the general population

Skeletal System Problems

Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Fact!

A disease in which bones become thin and brittle.

Who does this affect? 55% of people who are

over the age of 55. Of the 10 million

Americans who have this disease, 8 million are women and 2 million are men.

(from http://www.nof.org/osteoporosis/diseasefacts.htm)

About 85-90% of adult bone mass is acquired by age 18 in girls and 20 in boys. Building strong bones during childhood and adolescence can help to prevent osteoporosis later in life.

(from http://www.nof.org/osteoporosis/diseasefacts.htm)

Skeletal System Problems

Sprain What happens when you sprain your ankle?

Stretching or partial tearing of ligaments.

Can be painful and cause swelling around the injured joint.

http://yucky.discovery.com/flash/body/yuckystuff/anklesprain/js.index.html

Caring for your Skeletal System Exercise regularly using weights,

walking, running, jumping rope, dancing, hiking, soccer, or basketball (just to name a few activities!).

Wear proper fitting shoes. Select foods and beverages rich in

calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D. Sit, stand, and walk with correct

posture. Participate in screenings for scoliosis.