Unit One Notes Tough Decisions

Unit One NotesTough DecisionsGrade 10Harvatine

Forms of Literature

Short Story- brief work of fiction. Usually a main character faces a conflict that is resolved in the plot.Ex. Masque of the Red Death: by Edgar Allan PoeNonfiction- writing that tells about real people, places, objects, events and ideas.Example: essays, biographies, autobiographies and technical articles.

Forms of Literature Cont..Poetry- literature that appears in verse form. Most poems are concise, musical and have powerful language.Drama- written to be performed by actors. Scripts have dialogue, monologues and stage directions etcEx. A Christmas CarolFolk literature- literature of a specific people or culture that is passed down orally from one generation to the next.

Short Story ( A few terms)Plot- sequence of events

Characters: Direct and Indirect CharacterizationSetting-Time and place of the actionPoint of view ( 1st, 2nd, 3rd)Theme- key message or insight of life. Non-fictionAutobiography- person tells his or her own storyBiography- a writer tells the life story of another personEssays- short nonfiction work about a particular subjectInformational Texts- Provide knowledge that guides and educatesEssay Examples:

Descriptive essay- shows the five sensesExpository essay- gives information or explains a processPersuasive essay- tries to convince readers to do something or to accept the writers point of viewReflective essay- writers thoughts or reflections

PoetryWriting that combines language, images and sounds to create a special emotional effect. Many types of poetry Narrative poetry- like a short story! It tells a story that includes plot, characters and setting.Lyric poem- musical way to expressPoetic form- refers to the way the lines of a poem are shaped and arranged. Stanzas are the most commonPoetry Forms Cont.Rhythm and RhymeRhythm- pattern of stressed and unstressed syllablesRhyme- repetition of sounds at the end of words.Figurative language- often used to create vivid impressionsEx. Similes, metaphors, personification

Drama-Meant to be performed!Types of playsComedy- humorous play with a happy ending.Tragedy- hero suffers a major downfall.Dialogue and MonologueDialogue-Conversation between two or more charactersMonologue- lengthy speech that one character addresses to others on stage.Stage directions- instructions of performing the play. Plot and conflict

Folk Literature

Myths- fictional tale that explains the interactions between gods and humans.Legend- widely told story about the past that may or may not have a foundation of fact.Folk tale- story composed orally and then passed from person to person by word of mouth. Epic- long narrative poem about the deeds of gods or heroes in war or in their travels. Will be a serious mood. UNIT ONE: TOUGH DECISIONSGames at Twilight by Anita Desai

Form of Literature-Short StoryLiterary termsMotivation- A characters motivation is the reason behind his or her actions or words. Understanding why characters act in a certain way will help you understand story events. Dialogue- conversation between characters.Inner Conflict- Psychological Conflict of a character.Setting, mood and atmosphere ( look in textbook)Reading Strategy TermsInference-Reading between the lines and figuring out information. Character Decisions-Evaluating Ravis decisionGames at Twilight ContinuedVocabulary Superciliously-Acting as though one is above or better than, others. Sidled-moved slowly to the side to avoid attracting attentionDefunct-no longer in use or existence; deadDogged-stubborn

Leningen versus the Ants By. Carl Stephenson

Short story-FictionLiterary ElementsPlot- five sections of plot and the connection to the story.Conflict- Outer and Inner conflict in connection to the plot. Reading StrategyMaking Predictions- Predicting or guessing story eventsLeiningen Versus the Ants

Setting: BrazilThe story was made into a radio play on CBS in 1948 called Escape. Leiningen was then made into a horror movie called The Naked Jungle in 1954 staring Charleton Heston.VocabularyPeons- laborersFlout- show open contempt ( hate)Weir- low damProvender- food; provisionsAlluvium- material such as sand or clay deposited by moving water.Fomentations- applications of salve to wounds. The Widow and the ParrotLiterary TermMotivation: Refer to Games at twilight notes. Plot: Exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and resolutionReading StrategyDrawing Inferences- Reach conclusions when you read. How can you tell that Mrs. Ford does not like the parrot?

The Widow and the Parrot VocabularyFord- shallow place in a river where people can crossDilapidated- shabby and neglectedSovereigns- British gold coins worth one pound each.Sagacity- wisdom

Note: one pound equals $1.57 ( approx.)Poetry Terms ( Just a few)SpeakerPersonificationMetaphorSimileThemestanzaThe Bridge by: Leopold StaffThe Old Stoic by: Emily BronteForm of Literature: PoetryLiterary TermsDramatic Situation-The circumstances that lead to the point of the story or poemSpeaker- Who is speaking to us in the poem? ( Imaginary- thought of by the author)Reading StrategiesAuthors purpose- The writers outlook on the subject.VocabularyImplore- plead.; ask for earnestlyTimorous-full of fear, timidIndomitable-not easily defeated

I Am Not One of Those Who Left the Land and Speech During the InvasionForm of Literature: Non-Fiction ( Speech ) and Fiction ( Poem)Politics- activities of governments concerning the political relations of an area. Poem ( I Am Not) - Akhmatova is anti-revolutionary. Meaning she refuses to rebel against the government or support change. Speech ( Speech During)- Theodoras speech was given during a riot staged between two political groups ( Blues and the Greens)

Comparison to todays world?20 The Good Deed by Pearl S. BuckForm of Literature: Short StoryLiterary ElementsStatic Character- Does not change in the storyDynamic Character-Grows and changes throughout the story.Reading StrategyDrawing Inferences- Logical assumptions or read between the linesVocabulary:Contemplatively- in a thoughtful wayRevere- regard with deep respect and loveAbashed- embarrassedRepressed- held back or restrainedAssailed- attacked physically

Auto Wreck and PrideForm of Literature- Poetry ( fiction)Literary elementThemePersonificationReadng StrategyWriters messageVocabulary-