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Practice TestUS HistoryUnit Three
Instructions for Use:Click the mouse and a question will appear, some
with answers to choose from, some without.Click on the answer you think is correct or if there
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The correct answer will then be highlighted or will appear on the screen.
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If you cannot finish the Practice test in one sitting, use the scroll bar on the right to remember where you left off.
The vast grassland extending through the west-central portion of the United States.
a. Great Plains
b. Ghost Dance
c. Chisholm Trail
d. George A. Custer
This was supposed to "Americanize" Native Americans by encouraging in them the desire to own propertyand to farm reservation land distributed to Native American families.
a. Dawes Act
b. Assimilation
c. Great Plains
d. Ghost Dance
This colonel's bad judgment in attacking Native American warriors at the Little Bighorn River resulted inhis death and that of all his troops.
a. Ghost Dance
b. Chisholm Trail
c. George A. Custer
d. Grange
This was the major cattle route from San Antonio, Texas, through Oklahoma to Kansas.
a. Great Plains
b. Ghost Dance
c. Chisholm Trail
d. George A. Custer
This ritual was supposed to restore the Native American way of life.
a. Assimilation
b. Great Plains
c. Ghost Dance
d. Chisholm Trail
A minority group's adoption of the beliefs and way of life of the dominant culture.
a. Assimilation
b. Great Plains
c. Ghost Dance
d. Chisholm Trail
The government began taking these out of circulation after the Civil War.
a. Greenbacks
b. Bimetallism
c. Populist Party
d. Republican Party
This was a monetary system in which the government would give people silver or gold in exchange for paper currency.
a. Grange
b. Greenbacks
c. Bimetallism
d. Populist Party
Members of this party were mainly business owners and bankers from industrialized areas.
a. Populist Party
b. Republican Party
c. Soddy
d. Exodusters
This organization started out as a social outlet and educational forum for isolated farm families. It soon became a political voice for farmers.
a. Grange
b. Greenbacks
c. Bimetallism
d. Populist Party
This political party proposed an increase in the money supply, a graduated income tax, and a federal loan program.
a. Populist Party
b. Republican Party
c. Soddy
d. Exodusters
Home made of bricks of dirt that provided warmth but no protection from snakes and insects.
a. Soddy
b. Exodusters
c. Homestead Act
d. Dugout
Offered 160 acres of land free to any head of household
a. Homestead Act
b. Morril Act
c. Dugout
d. Bonanza Farms
Gave federal land to the states to help finance agricultural colleges
a. Homestead Act
b. Morril Act
c. Dugout
d. Bonanza Farms
An enormous farm on which a single crop is grown
a. Homestead Act
b. Morril Act
c. Dugout
d. Bonanza Farms
Underground home that provided warmth in the winter but no protection from snakes and insects.
a. Soddy
b. Exodusters
c. Homestead Act
d. Dugout
An African American who migrated from the South to Kansas in the Post-Reconstruction years.
a. Republican Party
b. Soddy
c. Exodusters
d. Homestead Act
Which of the following marked the end of the wars between the federal government and the Plains Indians?
a. the Treaty of Fort Laramie
b. the death of Sitting Bull
c. the Sand Creek Massacre
d. the massacre at Wounded Knee
Why did the policy of treating the Great Plains as a huge reservation change?
a. White settlers began wanting the land on the Plains.
b. Native Americans refused to remain on the Plains.
c. Native American populations decreased and needed less land.
d. The Plains failed to meet the needs of Native American peoples.
Which of the following was not central to the life and culture of the Plains Indians in the 1800s?
a. the horse
b. the buffalo
c. the extended family
d. Individual land ownership
Which of the following was not responsible for bringing an end to the era of the wide-open western frontier?
a. the railroad
b. barbed wire
c. sheep ranching
d. severe weather
The Mexican vaquero influenced the American cowboy in all of the following areas except
a. politics
b. language
c. clothing
d. food
Demand for beef in the East contributed to
a. the invention of the cowboy's way of life.
b. the end of the long drives.
c. the development of the Chisholm Trail.
d. the decline of the railroads.
Most American cowboys
a. worked only eight hours a day.
b. spent all their time fighting Outlaws.
c. owned their own cattle.
d. used guns to protect their herds.
The Grange did all of the following except
a. support the banks.
b. support political candidates.
c. oppose the railroads.
d. oppose the banks.
Bimetallism would allow for the exchange of paper currency for
a. silver only.
b. gold only.
c. neither gold nor silver.
d. either gold or silver.
Which of the following did the Dawes Act wish to encourage among Indians?
a. tribal living
b. nomadic living
c. buffalo hunting
d. individual farming
Which of the following was considered an Indian Victory?
a. Wounded Knee
b. the Dawes Act
c. Custer's Last Stand
d. the Chivington massacre
Which of these descriptions of the American Cowboy is based on myths perpetuated by theentertainment industry?
a. They worked long hours
b. They went on long cattle drives.
c. Their work was very dangerous
d. They fought outlaws and protected the law
Invented the typewriter
a. Edwin L. Drake
b. Henry Bessemer
c. Christopher Sholes
d. Thomas Alva Edison
Invented the telephone
a. Henry Bessemer
b. Christopher Sholes
c. Thomas Alva Edison
d. Alexander Graham Bell
Developed an efficient technique for transforming iron into steel
a. Edwin L. Drake
b. Henry Bessemer
c. Christopher Sholes
d. Thomas Alva Edison
Introduced an efficient means of retrieving oil from beneath the earth's surface
a. Edwin L. Drake
b. Henry Bessemer
c. Christopher Sholes
d. Thomas Alva Edison
Perfected the incandescent light bulb at his research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey
a. Henry Bessemer
b. Christopher Sholes
c. Thomas Alva Edison
d. Alexander Graham Bell
Process by which a company buys out all of its suppliers
a. Trust
b. Monopoly
c. Vertical Integration
d. Horizontal Integration
Made it illegal for corporations to interfere with free interstate or international trade
a. Monopoly
b. Vertical Integration
c. Horizontal Integration
d. Sherman Antitrust Act
Theory that justified the efforts of millionaires and discouraged government interference in big business
a. Sherman Antitrust Act
b. Social Darwinism
c. John Rockefeller
d. "Mother" Jones
A corporation made up of many companies that receives certificates entitling them to dividends on profits earned
a. Trust
b. Monopoly
c. Vertical Integration
d. Horizontal Integration
A market in which one company has complete control over an industry's production, quality, wages paid, and prices charged
a. Trust
b. Monopoly
c. Vertical Integration
d. Horizontal Integration
Process by which a company buys out all it's competitors.
a. Trust
b. Monopoly
c. Vertical Integration
d. Horizontal Integration
Scottish immigrant who made a fortune in steel and donated most of his profits
a. John Rockefeller
b. "Mother" Jones
c. Pullman
d. Andrew Carnegie
Organized coal miners, their wives, and their children as well as mill children to fight for better working conditions
a. John Rockefeller
b. "Mother" Jones
c. Pullman
d. Andrew Carnegie
Created trusts and was criticized as a robber baron while serving as head of the Standard Oil Company
a. John Rockefeller
b. "Mother" Jones
c. Pullman
d. Andrew Carnegie
Railroad-car mogul who built a town to house his employees
a. John Rockefeller
b. "Mother" Jones
c. Pullman
d. Andrew Carnegie
Which of the following most allowed manufacturers to build their factories away from rivers?
a. Electricity
b. Steel beams
c. Railroads
d. The telephone
Why was Pullman, Illinois, an unusual town?
a. It had one main industry.
b. It specialized in a regional product.
c. It owed its prosperity to the railroads.
d. It was built by a company to house its workers.
Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?
a. hard work
b. Industrialization
c. government regulation
d. the accumulation of wealth
In which of the following places did 146 female workers die in a fire?
a. Haymarket Square
b. the Pullman factory
c. the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
d. Carnegie Steel's Homestead Plant
Why were scabs unpopular with striking workers during the late 1800s?
a. They were socialists.
b. They were federal troops.
c. They were part of management.
d. They were workers used to break strikes.
What made it possible to construct skyscrapers in the 1800s?
a. Cheap electric power
b. Fire safety standards
c. The invention of the elevator
d. New methods of making steel
What did industrial consolidation and trusts reduce during the late 1800s?
a. Corruption
b. Monopolies
c. Competition
d. interstate commerce
What was the goal of the Interstate Commerce Act?
a. to build new railroads
b. to destroy the railroad industry
c. to lower excessive railroad rates
d. to increase the power of railroads
The main purpose of the company known as Crédit Mobilier was to
a. build the transcontinental railroad.
b. steal railroad money for its shareholders.
c. obtain a monopoly of the railroad industry.
d. obtain political positions for its shareholders.
All of the following factors contributed to the immense industrial boom of the early 1900s except
a. a wealth of natural resources.
b. government support for business.
c. a growing urban population.
d. the emergence of the middle class.
Andrew Carnegie gained control of a large percentage of the steel industry by doing all of the following except
a. buying out his suppliers.
b. cutting the quality of his products.
c. buying out his competitors.
d. underselling his competitors.
The Sherman Antitrust Act
a. outlawed the formation of trusts that interfered with free trade.
b. was supported by millionaire industrialists.
c. was used by labor unions to fight for workers' rights.
d. encouraged the establishment of large-scale businesses.
The Great Strike of 1877 took place in the
a. steel industry.
b. textile industry.
c. railroad industry.
d. coal mining industry.
In the late 1800s, collective bargaining was a technique used to
a. expand industry.
b. win workers' rights.
c. restrict labor unions.
d. organize labor unions.
The use of standardized time and time zones was introduced in order to benefit
a. telephone and telegraph operators.
b. railroad companies and train travelers.
c. manufacturers who dealt in interstate trade.
d. factory owners whose workers had set schedules.
The Interstate Commerce Act gave the right to supervise railroad activities to
a. the federal government.
b. railroad company officials.
c. farmers' groups, such as the Grange.
d. a select committee of wealthy industrialists.
Which of the following is not true of the Transcontinental Railroad?
a. It joined the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
b. It joined the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads.
c. It was built mainly by American-born laborers.
d. A golden spike was driven to mark its completion.
Which of the following is true of the Grangers?
a. They were Social Darwinists
b. They supported the right of railroad companies to set their own rates.
c. They tried to promote the idea that railroads were responsible primarily to their stockholders.
d. They were farmers who had joined together fight the railroads and to learn about scientific methods of farming
Which of the following resources was least important to the birth of the new industrial age?
a. Oil
b. Wood
c. Iron
d. Coal
Which of the following groups of groups economically benefited most from the inventions of the telephone and the typewriter.
a. Married Men
b. Former Slaves
c. Recent Immigrants
d. White Women
Which of the following was not true of the natural resources needed for the new industrial age?
a. Coal was available in ample supplies
b. Coal was needed for use in the railroad industry.
c. Iron was used in the production of steel.
d. Oil was used primarily for powering internal-combustion engines.
Most of the members of the Populist Party were
a. Farmers
b. Industrial leaders
c. Labor leaders and feminists
d. Middle-class white-collar workers
Which term refers to the mixture of diverse cultures whose people blended together by adapting their native language and customs to the existing language and customs?
a. mixed salad
b. Chinese Exclusion Act
c. Gentlemen's Agreement
d. Graft
Which term is the name of a restriction on immigration passed by Congress?
a. Chinese Exclusion Act
b. Gentlemen's Agreement
c. Graft
d. Political Machines
Through which place did immigrants arriving on the East Coast pass before gaining entry into the United States?
a. Ellis Island
b. mixed salad
c. Chinese Exclusion Act
d. Gentlemen's Agreement
Which term is the name of a restriction on emigration worked out between the United States and Japan?
a. Chinese Exclusion Act
b. Gentlemen's Agreement
c. Graft
d. Political Machines
This was any type of unethical or illegal use of political influence for personal gain.
a. Graft
b. Political Machines
c. Nativism
d. Pendleton Act
These were organized groups that controlled the activities of a political party in a city.
a. Graft
b. Political Machines
c. Nativism
d. Pendleton Act
This authorized an independent civil service commission to make government appointments based on the merit system.
a. Graft
b. Political Machines
c. Nativism
d. Pendleton Act
Favoring American-born people over foreign-born people
a. Graft
b. Political Machines
c. Nativism
d. Pendleton Act
The main immigration processing station in San Francisco was called
a. Ellis Island
b. Tammany Hall
c. Angel Island
d. Hull House
The main goal of the Chinese Exclusion Act was to
a. decrease Chinese immigration.
b. create segregated classrooms.
c. settle a disagreement between China and the United States.
d. stop Chinese Americans from attending school in the United States.
The main goal of the Americanization movement was to
a. limit the number of immigrants entering the country.
b. assimilate people of various cultures into the dominant culture.
c. improve the living conditions in America's largest cities.
d. encourage people to move from the country to the city.
The row house was a new type of housing that conserved space by
a. rising ten or more stories high.
b. combining air vents with trash disposal areas.
c. sharing side walls with other buildings.
d. enclosing a park shared by several buildings.
Settlement houses were founded in the late 1800s by
a. new immigrants.
b. social reformers.
c. political machines.
d. industrial workers.
Tammany Hall was the name of
a. a famous settlement house.
b. a New York Customs House.
c. a New York City political machine.
d. the federal courthouse in New York City.
An example of patronage would be
a. bribing a government official.
b. assassinating a public official.
c. saying one thing and doing another.
d. appointing a friend to a political position.
The Stalwarts were strong supporters of
a. low tariffs.
b. high tariffs.
c. the spoils system.
d. civil service reform.
The Pendleton Civil Service Act required
a. applicants for government jobs to pass examinations.
b. native-born Americans to treat immigrants with courtesy.
c. government workers to renounce all party loyalties.
d. cities to provide services such as clean water to their residents.
Which of the following was the main interest of the Social Gospel movement?
a. religious reform
b. political reform
c. social reform
d. economic reform
Which of the following does not describe a typical supporter of a political machine?
a. Poor
b. Urban
c. factory worker
d. opposed to immigration
Which of the following is an example of graft?
a. using a cartoon to illustrate political fraud
b. saying a project cost more than it did and keeping the difference for yourself
c. choosing your friends for political offices
d. using the threat of force to get people to vote for a particular candidate
Who used the power of the presidency to clean up the New York Customs House but was unable to get support from Congress for civil service reform?
a. Grover Cleveland
b. Chester A. Arthur
c. Benjamin Harrison
d. Rutherford B. Hayes
Which of the following issues prompted the assassination of President Garfield?
a. Tariffs
b. Kickbacks
c. Immigration
d. civil service reform
Which of the following was an important urban problem of the late 1800s?
a. Poverty
b. drug use
c. race riots
d. labor union corruption
Who was the boss of New York's corrupt political machine of the 1870's?
a. Thomas Nast
b. George Plunkitt
c. Jean de Crevecoeur
d. William Tweed
New immigrants, in the late 1800s, were least likely to come from
a. Asia
b. Eastern Europe
c. Western Europe
d. Southern Europe
The main purpose of the 1879 New York City law calling for the building of dumbbell tenements was to
a. alleviate, or improve, slum conditions
b. integrate lower-class black neighborhoods
c. supply inexpensive single-family housing to the urban poor
d. lessen the power of political machines in lower-class neighborhoods
The great majority of the members of the Immigration Restriction League were
a. Jews
b. Catholics
c. naturalized citizens
d. of Anglo-Saxon descent
Which of the following was an old immigrant group?
a. Germans
b. Poles
c. Italians
d. Chinese
These pioneer aviators helped make airmail possible.
a. Orville and Wilbur Wright
b. Poll Tax
c. Segregation
d. Jim Crow Laws
Elevators and steel supports helped make this land-saver possible.
a. Skyscraper
b. Central Park
c. Brooklyn Bridge
d. Orville and Wilbur Wright
Completed in 1883, this "eighth wonder of the world" that connected Brooklyn to Manhattan took 14 years to build.
a. Skyscraper
b. Central Park
c. Brooklyn Bridge
d. Orville and Wilbur Wright
This was intended to soothe the inhabitants of New York City and let them enjoy a "natural setting."
a. Skyscraper
b. Central Park
c. Brooklyn Bridge
d. Orville and Wilbur Wright
This term is used to refer to any system of separating people on the basis of race
a. Poll Tax
b. Segregation
c. Jim Crow Laws
d. Grandfather Clause
These laws were passed in the South to prevent white and black people from intermixing and to prevent blacks from achieving equality
a. Poll Tax
b. Segregation
c. Jim Crow Laws
d. Grandfather Clause
This had to be paid to gain access to the voting booth in many Southern States
a. Poll Tax
b. Segregation
c. Jim Crow Laws
d. Grandfather Clause
This was added to the constitutions of several Southern states to enable white people to vote who may have been kept from doing so by other restrictions
a. Poll Tax
b. Segregation
c. Jim Crow Laws
d. Grandfather Clause
The factor that prevented the greatest number of children from attending public high schools was
a. racism.
b. poverty.
c. language differences.
d. transportation problems.
Southern states sometimes used a grandfather clause to allow them to
a. keep uneducated whites from exercising their right to vote.
b. distinguish between recent immigrants and longtime citizens.
c. keep African Americans from voting while allowing whites to do so.
d. deny voting rights to African Americans who passed the literacy test.
Cities in the late 19th century expanded with the development of all of the following except
a. subways.
b. skyscrapers.
c. airplanes.
d. suspension bridges.
Daniel Burnham's plan for the city of Chicago emphasized
a. blocks of skyscrapers.
b. a lakefront park system.
c. a network of bicycle paths.
d. hidden electric lines.
Skyscrapers were made possible by the invention of
a. safer fire escapes.
b. larger bricks and stronger cement.
c. the elevator and a steel framework.
d. the airplane and the bicycle.
In the Southwest, many Mexicans earned a living as
a. railroad workers and agricultural laborers.
b. small business owners.
c. dockworkers and canal diggers.
d. household servants and mail carriers.
All of the following became popular around the turn of the 20th century except
a. European literature.
b. professional baseball.
c. vaudeville theater.
d. amusement parks.
All of the following were trends in education around 1900 except
a. more students attending both elementary and high school.
b. immigrants becoming "Americanized" by attending public schools.
c. growth of kindergartens.
d. most African Americans attending high school.
In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that
a. lynching was a federal crime.
b. school segregation was unconstitutional.
c. voting rights could not be tied to any form of tax.
d. racial segregation in public facilities was legal.
Which development lowered the price of newspapers to a penny a copy?
a. a printing press that simultaneously printed both sides of the paper
b. a lower price for American timber used by paper mills
c. a drop in the wages of newspaper delivery boys
d. a new lightweight engine developed for use in aircraft
Who expressed the belief that racism would end as blacks acquired practical work skills and proved their economic value to society?
a. W. E. B. Du Bois
b. Ida B. Wells
c. Booker T.Washington
d. William Torrey Harris
Which of the following did not keep African Americans in the South from voting?
a. poll taxes
b. grandfather clauses
c. the separate-but-equal doctrine
d. literacy tests
The popularity of bicycling and amusement parks reflected which trend of the 1900s?
a. wider public access to the fine arts
b. an interest in leisure activities
c. a rising literacy rate
d. new ways of shopping and advertising
Which effect can be traced directly to the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson?
a. Southern blacks lost their voting rights for 60 years.
b. Lynching of African Americans continued into the 1920s.
c. Racial segregation was permitted for nearly 60 years.
d. Race riots broke out in New York and other large cities.
How did George Eastman contribute to an explosion in the popularity of photography?
a. by taking photographs of the Wright brothers' first flight at Kitty Hawk
b. by inventing a camera that was larger and heavier than most
c. by inventing a camera that could develop pictures on the spot
d. by inventing a camera that used roll film instead of heavy glass plates
How did the introduction of the bicycle affect women's lives?
a. It led to numerous injuries among women riders.
b. It made many women feel more independent.
c. It gave women more time to spend with their children.
d. It started a fitness craze among women.
Which type of fiction was very popular around the turn of the 20th century?
a. realistic portrayals of American life
b. Western adventure tales
c. novels about the grand life of the upper class
d. stories about sports heroes
