Unit13 When we arrived at the ↗ hospital, | my dad walked around to her side of the ↗ car, | gathered her into his arms ↗ and ↘ held her. At a ↗ time

When we arrived at the ↗hospital, | my dad walked around to her side of the ↗car, | gathered her into his arms ↗and ↘held her.At a ↗time in my ↗life | when the world was supposed to be opening up to ↗me, | I ↗found myself re ↘treating.

Read the following sentences aloud, paying special attention to intonation. The symbol | indicates a division of tone units, while and nuclear tones.↗ ↘

1.

2.

Reading aloud

Reading aloud Audiovisual supplementCultural information

3.

4.


They regarded it as a ↘bad case | of the ↘Sunday evening blues, | believing that if I ↗tried harder | and ↘stopped feeling sorry for my ↗self, | I would “get ↘better.”And ↗slowly, | the desire to ↘live, | the ↘courage to want to live, | began to re ↘turn.

1. QuoteW. M. Thackeray: Dare and the world always yields. If it beats you sometimes, dare it again and again and it will succumb.

Cultural information


Some people say that depression feels like a black curtain of despair coming down over their lives. Many people feel like they have no energy and can’t concentrate. Others feel irritable all the time for no apparent reason. Most people who have gone through one episode of depression will, sooner or later, have another one. The symptoms vary from person to person, but if you feel “down” for more than two weeks, and these feelings are interfering with your daily life, you may be clinically depressed.

2. Depression


＊ poor concentration and memory ＊ withdrawal from social situations and activities ＊ an inability to experience pleasure in activities that were formerly enjoyed ＊ preoccupied with thoughts and feelings of worthlessness, helplessness, self-hatred, etc. ＊ thoughts of death or suicide, etc. Learning to recognize these early triggers or symptoms and working with your doctor will help to keep the depression from worsening. There are many forms of


The common symptoms including:


treatment that can help you cope with depression, including medications, psychotherapy or counseling.

Watch a video clip and answer the following question.

What impressed you in the video?

Audiovisual supplement


We can see that the father and son have to stay in the

toilet for the night, which means they were experiencing

a hard time in life. But at the beginning, they were

playing games on the subway platform. Actually, the

father in the video was facing the difficulties with a

positive attitude to life.


Chris:Christopher: Chris: Christopher: Chris:Christopher:Chris:

Christopher:

Look around! Look at all these dinosaurs!Wow~!Can you see them?Yeah!Wait! Come on! Come on! Wait! Watch out!What is it?Don’t step in the fire! We’re cavemen. We need this fire, because there’s no electricity and it’s cold out here, Ok?Watch out! Watch out!



Chris:

Christopher:Chris: Christopher:Chris: Christopher:

Whoa! Oh, my goodness … A.T. rex! Get your stuff! Get your stuff! Get it! We gotta find someplace safe.Like what?Em … We need a cave.A cave?We gotta find a cave. Come on.Ok.


Chris:

Christopher: Chris:

Come on. Come on. Watch your back! Look out! Here it is! Here’s a cave. Come on! Right here! Right here! Go, go, go! Go ahead. Get in! Hurry, hurry, hurry!Are we safe?Yeah, I think so.

Main idea

Main ideaStructural analysis

What is the story narrated in the text about? This narrative essay narrates and describes an unusual and unforgettable phase of the writer’s life, during which she experienced , voluntarily received , the illness in the end, and from the experiences associated with her suffering.

deep depression__________________

clinical treatment____________________ conquered____________

benefited a great deal _________________________

Structural analysis

1. How are the events of the essay arranged?

The narration mostly follows a chronological order, but a few flashbacks are inserted in Paragraph 3 and 6.


2. Work out the structure of the text by completing the table.

Paragraph(s)

Main idea

1-3

4-10

It provides the background of the story, telling us about the writer and her family and her problem.

The writer related her experiences with deep depression, including her attitude and reactions to it, focusing on her positive attitude and how she got better and finally recovered.


Paragraph(s)

Main idea

11It describes the writer’s mood and feeling on a moon-lit, starry night, and stresses that her deep depression had been worth it, for suffering had painted color into her life, and that she was thankful.


Twice, I have seen my father cry. The first time, I was 12, and my sister, Jenny, was 14. She was diagnosed with juvenile diabetes and needed further testing. When we arrived at the hospital, my dad walked around to her side of the car, gathered her into his arms and held her. None of us understood what was happening to my sister’s body, but when I heard my strong dad’s voice break with tears, I knew we were on a new and unexpected path.

The Light of Depression

Detailed reading

Alice Johnson

1

Almost 10 years later, in the fall following my college graduation, I was the one my father gathered into his arms. At 22, I was diagnosed with clinical depression and voluntarily admitted to a psychiatric hospital. At a time in my life when the world was supposed to be opening up to me, I found myself retreating. Apathetic, uncaring, tired, and with no particular vision for any future, I drifted into a world without hope. My family and I knew I needed help.

Detailed reading

2

Detailed reading

As a child, I had great passion for life. The simplest of pleasures brought unexplainable joy. I seldom demonstrated a melancholic personality. In fact, my parents learned that birthdays, Christmas and any reason for celebration would find me in excitement. I loved life, and I loved being alive. When depression struck, I was dropped into a world where wearing my own skin was foreign and ill-fitting.

3

Detailed reading

My mom says that one of the hardest days of her life was the day I checked into the hospital. My personal belongings were rummaged through, and I headed down the long hallway to doctors and a treatment team that became my “family” for the next month. Her drive home, leaving me behind, was heartbreaking. She was left to wonder and guess at why her daughter was in so much pain and why she couldn’t fix it this time.

4

I was numb, trying to see through a haze that had settled upon what once was vivid and bright. All color had seeped from a life that used to hold such joy. Some people didn’t understand my depression. They regarded it as a bad case of the Sunday evening blues believing that if I tried harder and stopped feeling sorry for myself, I would “get better.” But I wasn’t just dealing with apathy toward routine. I couldn’t remedy being sick with a strenuous run, a good movie, or simply the passing of time. Depression transcended my circumstances and invaded my soul. It was more like a day terror — like waking up to a nightmare. Clinical depression painted my world black while screaming quietly that I was worthless.

Detailed reading

5

I remember driving home from work the week before I checked into the hospital. My co-workers hadn’t noticed any difference in my performance or behavior. I was great at keeping up appearances. I was good at performing. But that evening, I recall wishing I weren’t alive, wishing my car would turn down an empty road and I could disappear. Upon arriving home, I headed straight for my room and slipped under my covers, hoping to sleep. I wanted to escape life because it hurt to breathe.

Detailed reading

6

By the end of my first week at the hospital, I had made up my mind to leave. It wasn’t working. I packed my bags, headed to the front desk, and announced that I was calling my parents to come and pick me up. But my treatment team told me I needed to stay. Defeated and scared, I returned to my room, unpacked my bags and cried myself to sleep. It was time to get honest with myself.

Detailed reading

7

Detailed reading

I was angry. Me, happy Alice, with so much going for her. Stripped of the world’s accolades, it didn’t matter what school I had attended, where I had vacationed, what awards I had won. It didn’t matter who I knew, didn’t know, or thought I knew. What mattered to those surrounding me was that I was honest about my feelings. They didn’t have to be pretty. I didn’t have to look good. I could just be — and that was enough.

8

Detailed reading

It was the kindness, sympathy, love and truth demonstrated in the hospital that began unlocking my wounds, hurts and distorted thinking. I was learning from the worn lives around me. Lives I would have once felt pity for or wanted to distance myself from. They were the ones who possessed strength and courage. They had suffered abuse, neglect, addiction and illnesses. They felt misplaced and forgotten; they were told they didn’t matter. I came from a family filled with love, but as I and others in my hospital “family” shared our suffering, I found I needed their love.

9

10

Detailed reading

Getting help and getting rid of the junk cluttering my mind were part of getting better. Hope came gradually, and with small steps slowly returned feeling and clarity. I was changing. My thinking was being altered. I was given a truer sense of who I was: a young woman who needed to be loved for herself, not for what she could offer — not for how she could make you feel. Being honest in the hidden places of my heart. Taking personal responsibility. And slowly, the desire to live, the courage to want to live, began to return. Once truth reveals deception, the lie can no longer deceive unless we choose to let it.

Detailed reading

A year and a half after my release from the hospital, I drove along a country road. The moon was bright. The stars brighter. Snow gave a fresh milky coat to the trees, and the night air was full and dark. I felt so alive. I hadn’t believed there would ever be something good enough or rich enough to make up for the pain and darkness I had known. My pain had been deep. But on this quiet stretch of road, I knew it had all been worth it. I knew that life was different because of my experience. Suffering had painted color into my life, and I could be thankful.

11

Paragraph 2Question

The writer stresses at the very beginning that when her sister was suffering from juvenile diabetes, her father cried bitterly for the first time. When do you think her father cried for the second time?

It is not difficult to infer that the writer’s father cried for the second time when the writer was diagnosed with clinical depression.

Detailed reading

Paragraph 3Question

Would you describe the writer’s personality as a child before she was seized with depression?

As a child, the writer had a great passion for life and enjoyed being alive. The simplest of pleasures brought her great joy. She seldom demonstrated a melancholic personality. Any reason for celebration would find her in great excitement.

Detailed reading

Paragraph 4Question

Why was the day the writer checked into the hospital considered to be one of the hardest days of her mother’s life?

Leaving her daughter behind at the hospital, the author’s mother was seized with extreme sadness, feeling heart-broken. She wondered why her daughter was experiencing so much pain and couldn’t get over it this time.

Detailed reading

Paragraph 6Question

What is the main idea of Paragraph 6? Illustrate or exemplify it.

Paragraph 6 proves how deep the writer’s depression had been before she was admitted into the hospital. While driving home from work before she was ill, she wished that she weren’t alive. When she arrived home, she had hoped to sleep and escape life because it hurt to breathe.

Detailed reading

“Lives I would have once felt pity for or wanted to distance myself from” is a sentence fragment. It is separated from the foregoing sentence for emphasis.

Detailed reading

Paragraph 9Question

Which part in Paragraph 9 is a sentence fragment? Why is it separated from the previous sentence?

Paragraph 10Question

What do you know about other patients from whose worn lives the writer was learning?

They were the ones who possessed strength and courage and had suffered abuse, neglect, addiction and illnesses. They felt misplaced and forgotten. They shared their suffering with the writer. Also, they helped the writer get a truer sense of who she was, see through deception and realize and grasp the truth.

Detailed reading

Paragraph 11Questions

1) What symbolic meaning is conveyed by the bright night described at the end of the text?

The exceptionally bright night with the bright moon and brighter stars symbolizes a cheerful life the writer is enjoying and a very bright future that she could look forward to.

Detailed reading

Detailed reading

Paragraph 11Questions

2) Why does the writer say that she could be thankful?

Because her deep depression had been worth it and she benefited a lot from it. The writer had gained a wealth of experience and had been able to look at life in a new light. Suffering had painted color into her life, and rendered her life entirely different.

Detailed reading

diagnose: v.1) find out the nature of an illness by observing its

symptoms

e.g.The illness was diagnosed as measles.

Derivation:

diagnosis: n.

e.g.The book diagnoses our present economic ills, explaining what is wrong with the economy.

2) find out what the cause of a fault is, after doing tests, examinations, etc.

Detailed reading

Collocations:

diagnose sb. as (having) sth.

e.g. Joe struggled in school before he was diagnosed as dyslexic.

diagnose sth. as sth.

e.g. The illness was diagnosed as mumps.

diagnose sb.with sth.

e.g. She was diagnosed with breast cancer.

Detailed reading

The doctor has diagnosed the illness as heart disease.

Translation:

医生把此病诊断为心脏病。

We should diagnose key technical challenge and problem in the project.

我们应解决项目中的关键问题和技术难题。

I found myself being drawn into another boring argument.

我醒来却发现自己躺在地板上。

Detailed reading

find oneself doing sth.: do a particular thing, or realize that this is happening, esp. when one did not expect or intend it; do sth. without intending to do soe.g. After wandering around, we found ourselves

coming back to the hotel.When he left, Karen found herself heaving a huge sigh of relief.

Translation:

When I woke up, I found myself lying on the floor. 我发现自己竟然身不由己地又参与了一次无聊的争论。

Detailed reading

drift: v.1) move slowly on water or in the air

e.g. The rubber raft drifted out to sea.

e.g. Jenny spent the year drifting around Europe.

e.g. She was just drifting into sleep when the alarm went off.

2) move, change, or do sth. without any plan or purpose

3) gradually change from being in one condition, situation, etc., into another without realizing it

Detailed reading

Collocations:drift out/towardsdrift around/alongdrift intodrift away

Derivation: drift: n.

成千上万只灯笼慢慢漂向大海。

Translation:

Thousands of lanterns slowly drift out to sea.

让过去随着河水流逝吧。

Let the past drift away with the water.

demonstrate: v. 1) show sth. clearly by giving proof or evidence e.g. The study demonstrates the link between

poverty and malnutrition.

Detailed reading

Derivations:

demonstration: n.demonstrative: adj.

e.g. They’ll be demonstrating how to handle modern, high performance cars.

2) show or be an example of sth.

melancholic: adj. characterized by or causing or expressing sadness

e.g. With a melancholic nature, she often suffers from depression.That doctoral candidate possessed a melancholic personality, which is perhaps why he failed to finish.

Detailed reading

Derivation:

melancholy: n.

Detailed reading

… I knew we were on a new and unexpected path.

Paraphrase:... I realized that her illness was going to change her life and ours in a direction we had not expected.

Translation:

…… 我知道我们踏上了一条新的无法预知的路。

Detailed reading

At a time in my life when the world was supposed to be opening up to me, I found myself retreating. Apathetic, uncaring, tired, and with no particular vision for any future, I drifted into a world without hope.

Paraphrase:At an age when I expected the world should be opening its arms to welcome me, I found myself drifting away. Uninterested in anything, tired of life and having lost any purpose in life, I was unconsciously developing a mental illness in which I experienced deep hopelessness and worthlessness.

Detailed reading

Translation:

在我生命中的这个时候，世界本应向我敞开怀抱，可我却退缩了。冷漠、麻木、疲惫，看不见未来，我漂浮在一个没有希望的世界。

Detailed reading

..., I was dropped into a world where wearing my own skin was foreign and ill-fitting.

Paraphrase:

..., I suffered from a terrible illness in which I was even suspicious of my own identity.

Translation:

…… ，我落到了一个世界，在这里坚持自我却显得与周围格格不入。

rummage: vt. turn things over or disarrange them while searching for sth. elsee.g. When I entered her house, she was

rummaging through the contents of a drawer for something.Mother was rummaging around in the attic for an old family album.

Detailed reading

Collocations:

rummage in/through

Derivation:

rummage: n.

His mind has been numbed.

Detailed reading

numb: adj. without the power to feel or move; (fig) emotionally incapable of thinking

e.g. My fingers were so numb that I could hardly write.She was completely numb with terror.

Derivation:

numb: v.Translation:

他已麻木不仁。I don’t feel so cold now; but heavy and numb.

我现在感到不那么冷了，只是觉得困乏，浑身僵硬。

Detailed reading

haze: vt.

haze: n. thin mist; (fig) mental confusion or uncertainty

e.g. Things were covered with a haze on that early spring morning.She did not speak clearly about it, because her mind was in a complete haze.

Collocations:

a haze ofin a haze

Derivation:

Detailed reading

settle (up) on/over sth.: come to rest on sth.; stay on sth. for some time

e.g. The bird settled on a branch.Clouds have settled over the mountaintops.A tense silence has settled over the waiting crowd.

Detailed reading

apathetic: adj.

apathy: n. the feeling of not being interested in sth., and not willing to make any effort to change or improve things; lack of interest, enthusiasm or concerne.g. The campaign failed because of public apathy.

She heard the story with apathy.她无动于衷地听了这个故事。

Antonym:

sympathy

Derivation:

Detailed reading

routine: adj.

routine: n. a fixed and regular way of doing things; the usual order in which you do things

e.g.She found it difficult to establish a new routine after retirement.John’s departure had upset their daily routine.

Collocation:

get into a routine: develop a fixed order of doing things

Derivation:

Detailed reading

put right

remedy: vt. put right; deal with a problem or improve a bad situation; provide a remedy for sth. undesirable; rectify

e.g. To remedy the environment, the water must be chemically treated.We must remedy injustices.If I made a mistake, I will try to remedy it.

Synonym:

Derivation:remedy: n.

e.g. The mistake is beyond/past remedy. (The mistake cannot be put right.)

Detailed reading

transcend: vt. (fml) go beyond the usual limits of sth.; go beyond the range (of human experience, belief, powers of description, etc.); be much better or greater than sb./sth.

e.g. One never can see the thing in itself, because the mind does not transcend phenomena.一个人永远不可能认识事物自身的本质，因为思想无法超越现象。Such matters transcend man’s knowledge.She far transcends the others in beauty and intelligence.

surpassSynonym:

invasion: n.invader: n.

Detailed reading

invade: vt.1) enter a country or territory with armed forces in order to

attack, damage, or occupy it

e.g. The Romans invaded Britain 2000 years ago.

crowd intointrude on

Synonyms:

e.g.Every summer the town is invaded by tourists.

e.g.What right does he have to invade my privacy?

2) (fig) enter sth. in large numbers, esp. to cause damage

3) get involved in something in an unwanted and annoying way

Derivations:

Detailed reading

strip sb. of sth.: take away (honor, property, etc.) from sb.

e.g.The general was stripped of his rank and title.

deprive sb. of sth.

Synonym:

Detailed reading

distorted: adj.distortion: n.

distort: vt. 1) change sth. so that it is strange or unclear

e.g. Tall buildings can distort radio signals.

e.g. His account was badly distorted by the press.

e.g.an expensive subsidy which distorts the market

2) report sth. in a way that is not completely true or correct

3) change a situation from the way it would naturally be

Derivations:

Detailed reading

distance: n.

distance oneself from sb./sth.: not approve of sb./sth.; not become involved with sb./sth.; stay away far enough from sb./sth. to be safe

e.g. She needs to distance herself from some of her more extreme supporters.You need to distance yourself from the situation for a little while first

Derivation:

Detailed reading

abuse: vt.

abuse: n. wrong or bad use or treatment of sb./sth.; unjust or corrupt practice

e.g. Drug abuse and child abuse, as well as abuse of privilege and authority, are common problems in modern society.Many children suffer racial abuse at school.

Derivation:

Detailed reading

Exercise: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence.

It has been revealed that some government leaders their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.

A. employ B. take C. abuse D. overlook

C______

addict: vi.addict: n. someone who is very interested in something and spends a lot of time doing itaddictive: adj.addicted: adj.

Detailed reading

addiction: n. condition of drinking alcohol, smoking, taking drugs, etc. habitually, and being unable to stop doing so without sufferinge.g. Another cause of hopelessness is addiction to

drugs.

Derivations:addiction to

Collocation:

Detailed reading

alter: vt. change or make sb./sth. change; become different; change in character, position, size, shape, etc.

e.g.Her face had not altered much over the years.The city centre has altered beyond recognition.

我已经麻木，试图去看透笼罩在那些曾经生动、明快事物上的阴霾。所有的色彩已经从那曾经充满快乐的生命中渗尽了。

Detailed reading

I was numb, trying to see through a haze that had settled upon what once was vivid and bright. All color had seeped from a life that used to hold such joy.

Paraphrase:I was unable to feel anything, trying to understand what had changed my promising life completely. I had gradually lost interest in a life that used to bring such happiness and pleasure.

Translation:

Yet I wasn’t just coping with my lack of interest in daily activities. I couldn’t hope to recover from my mental illness by taking vigorous exercise, watching a good movie, or simply doing something to pass the time. Depression caused not only physical weakness but it went deep into my mind, affecting the way I felt and thought.

Detailed reading

But I wasn’t just dealing with apathy toward routine. I couldn’t remedy being sick with a strenuous run, a good movie, or simply the passing of time. Depression transcended my circumstances and invaded my soul.

Paraphrase:

Detailed reading

临床忧郁症将我的世界涂得漆黑一片，它无声地呐喊着我的卑微。

Clinical depression painted my world black while screaming quietly that I was worthless.

Paraphrase:Clinical depression deprived me of any hope and made me feel that I was a totally useless person.

Translation:

Detailed reading

我想逃离生命 , 因为呼吸就是痛苦。

I wanted to escape life because it hurt to breathe.

Paraphrase:

I wanted to stay away from other people, and even to commit suicide, because even just existing seemed too painful to bear.

Translation:

Detailed reading

Stripped of the world’s accolades, it didn’t matter what school I had attended, …

Paraphrase:Deprived of what a normal life could offer in terms of praise and recognition, it was no longer of any importance what school I had attended, …

Detailed reading

在医院里，那些友善、同情、爱和真诚开始解释我的伤痛和扭曲的思想。我开始从身边那些病友身上学习。

It was the kindness, sympathy, love and truth demonstrated in the hospital that began unlocking my wounds, hurts and distorted thinking. I was learning from the worn lives around me.

Paraphrase:In the hospital I experienced kindness, compassion, love and knowledge about the illness. All this enabled me to begin to discover the causes of my illness, my emotional pain and irrational thinking. I was learning from other patients around me to find ways to deal with my own problem.

Translation:

Detailed reading

寻求帮助和除去那些堵塞我思想的垃圾成为恢复的一部分。

Getting help and getting rid of the junk cluttering my mind were part of getting better.

Paraphrase:Enjoying help and doing away with the symptoms of a nervous breakdown were part of my recovery.

Translation:

Detailed reading

一旦事实拆穿假象，谎言将无法蒙蔽，除非我们选择如此。

Once truth reveals deception, the lie can no longer deceive unless we choose to let it.

Paraphrase:

As soon as truth unveils something deceptive, the falsehood will produce no more effect unless we still allow it.

Translation:

Detailed reading

release: vt.

release: n. setting free

e.g.Lincoln proclaimed the release of the slaves.After the examination I had a feeling of release.Simon has obtained early release from prison.

Derivation:

release from

Collocation:

Detailed reading

make up for sth.: compensate for sth.; make a bad situation better, or replace sth. that has been lost; have so much of one quality that it is not important that you do not have much of another one

e.g.I don’t eat breakfast, but I make up for it at lunch.What Jay lacked in experience, he made up for in enthusiasm.Nothing can make up for what they have suffered. 什么都不能补偿他们所受的痛苦。

Detailed reading

Exercise: Choose the best answer to complete the following sentence.

Hard work can often a lack of intelligence.

A. make up for B. make up C. make out D. make into

A______

Suffering had painted color into my life, …

Paraphrase:

Suffering from the illness made my life more meaningful and more rewarding, …

Detailed reading

Translation:

苦难使我的生活更多姿多彩，……

Rules:1) Each sentence should include at least one word or phrase

provided below.2) The story as a whole should be logically organized.3) The content of the story should be related to depression.

Detailed reading

Activity: Story Relay

Direction: Students are divided into four groups. One group makes a sentence as the beginning of a story and the second group makes another sentence to continue the story, and so do the third and fourth group. Once the group uses the word which has been used before, the group will lose the game.

Detailed reading

diagnose, find oneself doing sth, drift, demonstrate, melancholic, numb, in a haze, apathy, routine, remedy, transcend, invade, strip sb. of sth., distance oneself from sb./sth., abuse, addiction, alter, release, make up for sth.

Words and phrases for reference:

Phrase practice

Word / Phrase comparison

Synonym / Antonym

Sentence rephrasing

Vocabulary Translation Integrated skillsOral activitiesWriting ListeningGrammar

apathy toward = indifference towards 对……很冷漠 , 对……不感兴趣

e.g. The child’s apathy toward mathematics worries his parents. 孩子对数学不感兴趣，这让他父母很担心。Media is apathy toward women’s sports. 媒体对女性运动不感兴趣。


keep up appearances = pretend to be oneself when in difficulties 保持体面

e.g. I am old enough by now not to care what others think, but keeping up appearances is somehow ingrained. 我现在很老了，已不在乎别人想什么了，但还是改不了喜欢装门面的习惯。We should get down to doing other things than keeping up appearances. 比起装门面，我们应该做点别的事情。


distance oneself from = stay away from 远离

e.g. Should adult authors distance themselves from children’s books? 成年作家不应该写孩子的书吗？They tried to get rid of this foolish custom. 他们努力的要除去这种愚蠢的习俗。


Tobacco is highly addictive.

addiction: an addiction to sth. is a very strong desire or need for it

e.g.He needed money to fed his addiction to gambling.

Group 1


addict: a person who can’t stop doing or using sth., especially sth. harmful

e.g. I am a shopping addict.

addictive: if a substance, especially a drug, is addictive, your body need it regularly and you are unable to stop taking it

e.g.

Despite the deep antipathies between them, the two sides have managed to negotiate an agreement.

apathy: you can use “apathy” to talk about someone’s state of mind if you are criticizing them because they do not seem to be interested in or enthusiastic about anything e.g

. After a short burst of enthusiasm, she relapsed into her usual apathy.

Group 2

antipathy: (an example of) strong dislike, opposition or anger

e.g.


Group 2

Vocabulary Translation Integrated skillsOral activitiesWriting Listening

e.g.Having begun my life in a children’s home, I have great empathy with the little ones.

Grammar

empathy: the ability to share another person’s feelings and emotions as if they were your own

e.g. I have a lot of sympathy for her; she had to bring up the children on her own.

sympathy: the feeling of being sorry for someone who is in a bad situation

Group 3

depression: a mental state in which you are sad and feel that you can’t enjoy anything, because your situation is so difficult and unpleasant

e.g. Her feeling of depression was transient.

impression: the opinion or feeling you have about someone because of the way they seem


e.g. Arriving late won’t create a very favorable impression.

Group 3


suppression: prevention

e.g. They fought back heroically against its bloody suppression.

compression: the process or result of becoming smaller or pressed together

e.g. The compression of the wood is easily achieved.

reinforce: to give support to an opinion, idea or feeling and make it stronger

e.g.The film reinforces the idea that women should be pretty and dumb.


invade: to enter an area of activity in a forceful and noticeable way

e.g. Maria looks set to invade the music scene with her style and image.

Grammar

Group 4

enter: when you enter a place such as a room or building, you go into it or come into it

e.g. As soon as I entered, they stopped and turned my way.

await: to wait for or be waiting for something

e.g. He’s anxiously awaiting his test result.


Group 4

neglect: when you do not give enough care or attention or the state of not receiving enough care or attention

e.g. Over the years the church has fallen into a state of neglect.

care: the process of looking after someone, especially because they are ill, old or very young

e.g. Both the young parents share the care of the children.


Group 5


concern: the worry about a situation

e.g. The political leaders all express concern about reports of political violence in this region.

Group 5

worry: a problem that makes you feel unhappy and afraid

e.g. Keeping warm in the winter is a major worry for many old people.

recall: to remember a particular fact, event, or situation from the past

e.g. Alice seem to recall she’s met that handsome boy before somewhere.

remind: if someone reminds you of a fact or event that you already know about, they say something which makes you think about it


Group 6

e.g. I had to remind myself that being confident is not the same as being perfect.


repeat: to say or write something again

Group 6

e.g. Nick patiently repeated that he had to work that day.

I have many pleasant recollections of the time we spent together.

recollection: a memory of something

e.g.

voluntarily: do sth. willingly, without anyone telling you to do it

e.g. I would only leave here voluntarily if there was a big chance to work abroad.


Group 7

voluntary: actions or activities are done because someone choose to do them and not because they have been forced to do them

e.g. The scheme, do to begin next month, will be voluntary.


Group 7

involuntary: not done by choice; done unwillingly, or without the decision or intention of the person involved

e.g. He gave us an involuntary smile.

involuntarily: adv. do sth. unwillingly, with someone telling you to do it

e.g. Arthur shivered involuntarily as he came out of the building.


worthless: of no real value or use

e.g. Training is worthless unless there is proof that it works.

Grammar

Group 8

valueless: not worth any money

e.g. That chair turned out to be a valueless replica rather than an antique we thought.

priceless: extremely valuable

e.g. Museums have despoiled India of many priceless treasures.

involuntarily, unwillingly, reluctantly

Give synonyms or antonyms of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. She was diagnosed with juvenile diabetes and

needed further testing.

Synonyms: young, youthful

2. At 22, I was diagnosed with clinical depression and voluntarily admitted to a psychiatric hospital.

Antonyms:



3. I was numb, trying to see through a haze that settled upon what once was vivid and bright.

Synonyms: dull, insensitive, unfeeling

4. Her drive home, leaving me behind, was heartbreaking.

Antonym: cheering

5. It didn’t matter what school I had attended, where I had vacationed, what awards I had won

Synonyms: prize, honour, accolade


6. I seldom demonstrated a melancholic personality.

Antonyms:cheerful, merry, joyful, jubilant

7. Clinical depression painted my world black while screaming quietly that I was worthless.

Synonyms: valueless, useless, futile

8. I recall wishing I weren’t alive, wishing my car would turn down an empty road and I could disappear.

Antonyms:appear, emerge

Football arouses a good deal of passion among its supporters.

Various organizations voluntarily helped raise money for the new operating theatre in that hospital.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

Rephrase each of the following sentences with the word given in brackets.

1. Various organizations came without request to help raise money for the new operating theatre in that hospital. (voluntarily)

2. Football arouses a good deal of powerful feeling among its supporters. (passion)


Strenuous efforts were made throughout the war to disguise the scale of civilian casualties.

All in-patients must fill this form and sign it when they check out.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

3. Lots of hard work was done throughout the war to disguise the scale of civilian casualties. (strenuous)

4. All in-patients must fill in this form and sign it when they leave the hospital upon recovery. (check)



WHO tries to diagnose the existing conditions of work in each participating country in order to draft a plan of action.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

He slipped into his pajamas and immediately fell into a deep sleep.______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

5. WHO tries to analyze the existing conditions of work in each participating country in order to draft a plan of action. (diagnose)

6. He quickly put on his pajamas and immediately fell into a deep sleep. (slip)



After the band stopped playing, people drifted away in twos and threes.

This mistake must be remedied immediately to prevent any further problem.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

7. After the band stopped playing, people walked away slowly in twos and threes. (drift)

8. This mistake must be corrected immediately to prevent any further problems. (remedy)



voluntarily adv. out of will 自愿的


1.e.g. In the end, he made the promise voluntarily.


passion n. strong emotion 激情2.e.g. He has a strong passion toward soccer.

e.g. You should avoid strenuous activity 24 hours after the operation.


strenuous adj. doing sth. with energy 奋发的，狂热的

3.


e.g. You need to check your new car before the first drive.

check v. exam 检查4.

check out: pay the bill and leave 退（房）结账

e.g. It won’t take you long to check out.


e.g. The book diagnoses our economic crises.

diagnose v. determine the cause 判断（问题的原因）5.


e.g. The fish slipped out of my finger.

slip v. move stealthily 溜走，滑走6.

e.g. The boy slipped into his jacket and ran away.

slip into: put on 穿上

Vocabulary Grammar Translation Integrated skillsOral activitiesWriting Listening

e.g. A boat drifted along the river slowly.

drift v. float 漂流7.

e.g. The audience drifted away from the concert.

drift away: leave, lose 失去，离开


e.g. Your mistake would have been remedied if it had been recovered earlier.

remedy v. correction, cure 治疗，补救8.


The infinitive and the –ing participle as object

The non-finite forms as adverbial and noun phrase modifier

There are verbs that can be followed either by an -ing form or by an infinitive. With some of these verbs, the choice between the two makes no difference in meaning; with others, however, different choices result in different interpretations. Here, the infinitive and the -ing participle are used as object. Verbs that are followed by -ing participle include: admit, fancy, delay, miss, involve, postpone, finish, imagine, avoid, deny, risk, practise, consider, enjoy, etc. Verbs that are followed by the infinitive include: decide, hope, pretend, deserve, promise, attempt, offer, agree, plan, aim, afford, manage, threaten, refuse, learn, fail, etc.

1. The infinitive and the -ing participle as object



1) Either infinitive or -ing participle without change of meaning

Verbs that can take either an infinitive or an -ing participle as object include attempt, begin, can’t bear, continue, deserve, dread, hate, intend, like, loathe, love, need, neglect, omit, plan, prefer, require, start, etc. Following these words, an infinitive or an -ing participle can alternate without change in basic meaning. There are cases, however, where the transforms are not in free variation.


e.g. I can’t bear living alone.I can’t bear to see the child so badly treated.Phil prefers doing it that way.He prefers to go by train this evening.

a) After process verbs such as begin, cease, continue, start and emotive verbs such as can’t bear, deserve, dread, hate, intend, like, loathe, love, need, neglect, omit, plan, prefer, require, the infinitive is commonly used to refer to a specific act while the -ing participle is used to refer to a general act.


b) After need, want, require, deserve, an active -ing participle can be used to denote a passive meaning which can also be expressed by a passive infinitive.

e.g. This letter needs signing by the manager.= This letter needs to be signed by the manager.The house wants rewiring.= The house wants to be rewired.


c) After begin and start, either infinitive or -ing form is possible, but when the infinitive is a stative verb, or when begin/start is in the progressive, we use the infinitive form.

e.g. We began to see what he meant.It’s beginning to rain.

2) Either infinitive or -ing participle with different meanings

The verbs such as forget, go on, leave off, mean, regret, remember, stop, etc. that can take an infinitive or an -ing participle with different meanings fall into five sub-classes:

a) After remember, forget and regret, the infinitive refers to the next action that follows the first, and the -ing participle to a previous event.

e.g.Can’t you remember telling me the story last night?= You told me the story last night. Can’t you remember it?You must remember to tell him all that.= You must tell him all that. Don’t forget it.



b) After stop, leave off, go on, the -ing participle functions as object, while the infinitive as adverbial of purpose.

e.g. They stopped watching TV at 9:30.= At 9:30 they did not watch TV any more.He left off writing the book.= He stopped writing the book.He left off to write the book.He left some place in order to write the book.


c) After try, mean, can’t help, the choice between an infinitive and an -ing participle depends on the meaning of the preceding verb itself.

e.g. Your plan would mean spending hours.I didn’t mean to make you angry.

d) After agree, decide, there is a choice between the infinitive and “preposition + -ing”.

e.g. They agreed to share the remuneration.They agreed on sharing the remuneration.


e) After encourage, permit, allow, recommend, advise, authorise, either the -ing participle or the infinitive with an expressed logical subject can be used.

e.g. She doesn’t allow smoking here.She doesn’t allow us to smoke here.

1. Our teacher has promised (help) us

(prepare) for the examinations which he

has put off

(hold) till next week.

2. I must remember (remind) him that

the garden needs

(water).

3. I’ve always loved (act). I’d love

(see) you (wear) a Roman toga and

(recite) Shakespeare.


PracticePut the verbs in brackets into the -ing participle or the infinitive.

(to) prepare______________to help________

to remind___________

watering / to be watered___________________________

holding________

acting_______ to see_______

wearing________ reciting________

4. I’ve never been able to understand how

(operate) the machine.

5. If your back still hurts, try (rub) some

of the lotion on it.

6. I’m sorry. I didn’t mean (insult) your

friends.


to operate____________

rubbing_________

to insult_________


An active -ing participle can be used to denote a passive meaning which can also be expressed by a passive infinitive.


A wh-word can be used after ask, want, expect, decide, know, remember, forget, explain, learn, understand, wonder, etc.


try doing sth.: do sth. as an experiment


mean to do sth.: intend to do sth.

She looked at us with a smiling face.To determine the number of cells, a sample is put under a microscope.

2. The non-finite forms as adverbial and noun phrase modifier

The non-finite forms include the -ing clause and the infinitive clause. An -ing participle clause usually refers to an active and/or progressive event, an -ed participle clause refers to an passive and/or experienced event while an infinitive clause suggests an event to be experienced. They can be used as adverbial or as noun phrase modifier.


e.g.

People sleeping in the next room were awakened by the sound of breaking glass.


2. People were sleeping in the next room. They were awakened by the sound of breaking glass.

PracticeJoin each of the following pairs of sentences, using a non-finite clause.

1. I had heard that the caves were dangerous. I didn’t like to go any further without a light.

Having heard that the caves were dangerous, I didn’t like to go any further without a light.

Not knowing what to do, he asked the teacher for help.


4. He was lying on the couch. He was enjoying his pipe.

He was lying on the couch, enjoying his pipe.

3. We were soaked to the skin. We eventually reached the station.

Soaked to the skin, we eventually reached the station.

5. He didn’t know what to do. He asked the teacher for help.


6. Harry was jolted by the collision. He suffered a sprained back and a broken knee.

Jolted by the collision, Harry suffered a sprained back and a broken knee.


The -ing participle clause functions as the modifier of “people”.

1. 机场当局要求每位乘客要管好自己的随身物品。 (belongings)

Belongings are something that belongs to a certain person.

The airport authorities request that every passenger keep an eye on his/her own belongings.


Translate the following sentences into English.

It doesn’t cost much to insure your personal belongings.

Practice ： Translate the following sentences into English.父母亲应允许孩子们有个人的秘密，要尊重他们的私人物件。

为您的个人财产投保，不必花费很多。


Parents owe their children privacy and respect for their personal belongings.

2. 凭着高度的责任感，那位老师为了救学生牺牲了自己。(responsibility)

Responsibility is the state or fact of being responsible, or an instance of being responsible.


With a high sense of responsibility, the teacher gave his life in order to save his students.

Practice ： Translate the following sentences into English. 国家兴亡，匹夫有责。

你不能回避在这件事中的责任。


Every man has a share of responsibility for the fate of his country.

You can’t retreat from the responsibility in this affair.

3. 他信步走进小树林，对眼前的景色大感惊讶。 (drift into)

If you drift into a place, you enter into a place without any plan or purpose.


After drifting into the woods, he was greatly amazed at the scene in front of him.

Practice ： Translate the following sentences into English. 在你来以前，我只是在无聊地混日子，得过且过而已。

让我的祝福像那悦耳的铃声，飘进你的耳畔，留驻在你的心间。

Before you came I did nothing but idle and drift into anything that offered itself.

Let my blessing drift into your ears like the pleasant jingles of bells, and fall on your heart.


4. 面对严峻的就业形势，有不少大学生自愿到遥远的内地去工作。 (voluntarily)

If you do something voluntarily, you do it of your own accord or by free choice or in accord with the will.


In view of the serious employment situation, many university graduates voluntarily go and work in the remote areas.


Practice ： Translate the following sentences into English. 她不是被解雇的，而是自动离职的。

这家公司主动召回该产品，以检查其缺陷。

She wasn’t fired — she left voluntarily.

The company has voluntarily recalled the product to check for defects.


Dictation

Cloze


DictationYou will hear a passage read three times. At the first reading, you should listen carefully for its general idea. At the second reading, you are required to write down the exact words you have just heard (with proper punctuation). At the third reading, you should check what you have written down.

For a lot of people, / the word “failure” carries with it / a feeling of coming to an end, / but for the successful leader, / failure is a beginning, / a seed of hope. / Leaders don’t allow themselves / to be held prisoner by the fear of failure. / They don’t even use the word ”failure,”. / instead they rely on words like “false start, / never failure.”/ The lesson understood by captains of industry / is that failure equals learning. / While we can’t say that they exactly welcome failure, / they are uniform in their ability to profit from it. / They use the healthy energy coming from failure / to reach higher goals. / Almost every “false step” is regarded as an opportunity / and not as the end of the world.


Dictation

About a year and a half ago, Jim developed a lump on his forehead and underwent surgery to have it removed. At that time, his doctors believed that it was (1) a cancer. Later, more tumors appeared, and more surgery (2) . Several months ago, Jim found out that the tumors have spread throughout his body and that (3) with treatment, he would have a short life. (4) that time he has steadily grown weaker and has been able to do less and less; (5) he has shown remarkable courage in the way he has (6) this loss and his dying.

not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____

2. ClozeFill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.


Jim has always disliked (7) , so he chose to remain at home, in more personal surroundings. As long as he was able, he read (8) and continued to write in his diary about his thoughts and feelings on living and dying. With his friends, he played his guitar and sang songs that he had written. He (9) an active interest in life and in things around him, (10) denying the fact that he was dying.

hospitals

widely

maintained

without

__________

_______

_____________

________


Here you can use a word used to make a statement negative.



not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____

Here you can use a word meaning “do sth. after sth. else”.



not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____

Here you can use a word meaning “despite”.



not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____

After that time, he grew weaker.



not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____

Here you can use a word meaning “however”.



not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____


Here you can use a word meaning “confront”.


not

followed

evenSince

yetfaced______

____

_________

_____

______

____



hospitals

widely

maintained

without

__________

_______

_____________

________

He wanted to stay home and does not like hospital.


He read a lot during that time.


hospitals

widely

maintained

without

__________

_______

_____________

________


Here you can use a word meaning “keep”.


hospitals

widely

maintained

without

__________

_______

_____________

________


Here you can use a word meaning “not having sth.”.


hospitals

widely

maintained

without

__________

_______

_____________

________


Giving a talk

Having a discussion

Giving a talk Shortly after you became a university student, you found yourself suffering from depression. With the help of your teachers, fellow students, and a psychiatrist, you have finally got over it. And now you’d like to share your experiences with your classmates. You would probably begin your talk with “When my first-week excitement as a university student was over, I found that I was no longer my own self. I found it hard to adjust myself to the totally new environment. I could not sleep well. I began to lose appetite. I preferred to stay away from my fellow students. Above all, I could not concentrate on my studies.”


1) You may use the following words or expressions in your talk:

For your reference:


fresh start, exciting, have fun, enjoy, anxiety, miserably distressed, confused, isolated, homesick, blues, depression, absent-minded, get lost, aimless, ask for help, adapt to, open one’s mind, remedy, recover, alter, optimistic, confident

2) You may find the following outline helpful for your recounting:

— At the very beginning, I found I couldn’t eat and sleep well. I thought maybe I just need some time to adapt to college life …

— After two weeks, it still didn’t work. I become very confused, isolated and homesick. I even wanted to quit school and go home …

— I couldn’t handle the depression any more. I should ask for some help. First, I came to my old classmates who were studying at the same college … Then I talked with my favorite teacher …

Having a discussion Have a discussion in a group of four or five students on the increasing occurrence of psychological problems among students in universities and even middle schools as well. Try to find out the causes and suggest some remedies.


For your reference:

— Freshmen tend to be depressed and aimless.


1) You could probably list some psychological problems among college students as follows:

— Some college students are likely to have examination anxiety, and when they fail in the exam, they easily get frustrated.

— Some find it hard to experience the heavy academic burden.

— Some have trouble in establishing harmonious interpersonal relationship.

— Some are so dependent on the Internet.


2) You may list some possible causes as follows:

— Being the only child in their family and long spoiled by their family, they are less able to bear pressure.

— The great pressure comes from the competitive world, especially from the employment pressure.— Some find difficulty in shifting in their roles as students from high school to collage.


3) You may list some possible resolutions as follows:

— They should learn to face up to their problems and be strong.

— Schools should give regular lectures or courses on psychological therapy, or establish a psychological therapy center.

— The whole society should attach great importance to the problem and try to establish a healthy network among school, family and individual.


Sentence emphasis

Practice

Sentence Emphasis


In a sentence, there are always some ideas that are more important than others, and thus should be put in important positions so as to be emphasized. The use of emphasis in individual sentences is particularly important, because it is the means by which you call the reader’s attention to the relatively important ideas in your writing. Ideas can be emphasized in following ways:

Example:Not emphatic: Total deafness is worse than total blindness, however, in many ways.Emphatic: Total deafness, however, is in many ways worse than total blindness.


A. Position Important ideas can be highlighted by being put in emphatic positions in the sentence. The beginning of a sentence can pull a key idea out for special attention. However, the most emphatic position in the sentence is the end, the next emphatic position at the beginning, and the least emphatic position in the middle.


B. Periodic sentence Sentences differ in how tightly they subordinate related material to a main point. A loose sentence is one in which the main idea comes first, and the less important ideas or details follow. A periodic sentence, on the other hand, is one in which the main thought is held suspended until the end or near the end, when it is suddenly released. The periodic sentence is usually emphatic and conclusive because the weight of the statement falls on the long-awaited predication.

Example:Loose: Richard Wagner became one of the most successful composers of all time in spite of the jeers of his contemporaries.Periodic: Richard Wagner, though jeered at by his contemporaries, became one of the most successful composers of all time.


Example:Not emphatic: The dean threatened me with failure in the course, with expulsion, and with the loss of a parking space for my car.Emphatic: The dean threatened me with the loss of a parking space for my car, with failure in the course, and with expulsion.


C. Climactic order The climactic order is the order that goes from the least important to the most important. Ordering by decreasing importance may result in anticlimax and eventually lead to loss of emphasis.


D. Inversion English sentences are usually of "subject + predicate" order, which is also called the natural order. Sometimes, however, for the purpose of emphasizing some important ideas or to keep a series of sentences in good balance, the natural order can be inverted, which is called the inverted order.Example:Not emphatic: He has never been to the Great Wall.Emphatic: Never has he been to the Great Wall.


E. Repetition Intentional repetition, which is an effective device for securing certain kinds of attention from the reader, usually greatly adds to the force of expression and helps to gain emphasis.Example:Not emphatic: We’ll work, fight for and die for freedom.Emphatic: We’ll work for freedom; we’ll fight for freedom; we’ll die for freedom.

Example:Not emphatic: No reason for her refusal to answer

was given by the girl.Emphatic: The girl gave no reason for her refusal

to answer.


F. Active voice Active verbs express meanings more emphatically and vigorously when they are used in the active voice than in the passive voice. Verbs in the passive voice lack strength because their subjects receive the action instead of doing it. So sometimes in order to make sentences more emphatic, the active voice is preferable.


Example:Not emphatic: I love the movie.Emphatic: I do love the movie.

G. Emphatic words, phrases and structures There are words and phrases that may be used to emphasize other words. Emphatic words, phrases and cleft sentences can help gain emphasis.

PracticeRewrite the following sentences to achieve greater emphasis in the way suggested in the brackets.


Emphatic: Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much.Little and much are placed at the end of the clauses so as to receive emphasis.

1. We can do so little alone; we can do so much together. (position)

2. He who loses his mind loses all; he who loses a friend loses more; and he who loses money loses much. (climax)


Emphatic: He who loses money loses much; he who loses a friend loses more; and he who loses his mind loses all.The results go from the least serious to the most serious.

3. Good friends are those who care about, cherish, and help each other. (repetition)


Emphatic: Good friends are those who care about each other, cherish each other, and help each other.Each other is repeated three times, which gives force to the ideas expressed in the sentence.

4. We will be given a lecture by Professor Brown. (active voice)


Emphatic: Professor Brown will give us a lecture.The clumsy passive voice is changed into active voice.


5. You must have a good command of at least one foreign language if you want to learn advanced science and technology from foreign countries. (periodic sentence)

Emphatic: If you want to learn advanced science and technology from foreign countries, you must have a good command of at least one foreign language.Readers may remember the ways instead of the conditions.


6. We will not give up the plan under any circumstances. (inversion)

Emphatic: Under no circumstances will we give up the plan.The unusual order draws the reader’s attention.


Simply to Relax

A. Listen to a radio program called Faith Radio Online — Simply to Relax. Do as the speaker suggests while listening. And then answer the following two questions.

1. Why do we need to relax?

We are spending too much time on and .We need to and what we’re doing and why.

our jobs__________

slow down___________ reassess _________

extra tasks in life___________________


2. What are the benefits of relaxation? Relaxation brings us:

a of being;

held within the body. far less stress _______________

peace of mind __________________;calm emotional state_______________________

improved health

____________________;

increased energy ____________________;


B. Listen again. Focus on Faith’s instructions. Supply the missing words.

1. Take , taking in you can, you can.2. Feel your lungs fill, and then .3. Let your breath out slowly, feeling as you .4. Allow your mind to on the breathing.5. Take in another deep breath, and .

hold the breath for five

a deep, slow breath______________________ as much air

as________________

as slowly as______________

to ten seconds

__________________________

________________

the stress leaveyour body __________________

___________

surely _______

exhale ________

focus ______

slowly_______


6. , and then exhale slowly … slowly … slowly.7. Take another deep breath, , and 8. and feel the tension leave your with the .9. Do this times.ten to fifteen_______________

Hold it for five to ten seconds_________________________________

very slowly____________ hold it

in__________.

Release it slowly___________________

body______ air ____

Hi, welcome to Faith Radio Online — Simply to Relax. I’m Faith.

It’s very easy to forget to relax during our hectic days and nights, during the time when we’re constantly trying to get things done. So many of us are spending so much time on our jobs and our extra tasks in life that we tend to forget to slow down and reassess what we’re doing and why.

So take a deep, slow breath. No, really — go ahead. Take a deep, slow breath, taking in as much air as you can, as slowly as you can. Feel your lungs fill, and then hold the breath for five to ten seconds.

Simply to Relax


Let your breath out slowly, feeling the stress leave your body as you exhale. The hurry and the stress can ride out of your body and mind in the air that you breathe out, and if you can allow your mind to focus on the breathing, you can slow down those thoughts that are running around in your mind at about a million miles an hour.

Take in another deep breath, slowly and surely. Hold it for five to ten seconds, and then exhale slowly … slowly … slowly.

There are many important things in your life that you need to take care of, but if you take the time to relax and treat yourself well, you will find that these few minutes of relaxation can provide a huge benefit for you.



So take another deep breath, very slowly, and hold it in. Release it slowly and feel the tension leave your body with the air. If you do this ten to fifteen times, you’ll find yourself feeling energized, relaxed, and in a more positive state of mind.

Learning to relax is the greatest gift we can give ourselves, the benefits of taking a few minutes of our busy day to relax are many, relaxation brings us peace of mind, a calm emotional state of being, improved health, increased energy, and far less stress held within the body.

Text II Memorable quotes

Lead-in questions

Text

Questions for discussion

Lead-in questions1. What might the patients with chronic illness suffer? 2. How can one help them?


A diagnosis of chronic illness can bring with it feelings of denial, anger and grief. But, at some point, the emotions subside and you are faced with a harsh reality — you are no longer the person you once were. Chronic illness has robbed you from your sense of identity and purpose. Do you even stand a chance of rebuilding a meaningful life?

REMAINING POSITIVE WHENFACING A CHRONIC ILLNESS


Mary J. Yerkes

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According to Judy Gann — a breast cancer survivor who suffers from fibromyalgia and other autoimmune disorders — you can. She took her experience of living with chronic illness and her desire to comfort others and wrote The God of All Comfort: Devotions of Hope for Those Who Chronically Suffer.

“God has transformed a shy, quiet woman into one who shares His comfort and hope with chronic illness support groups throughout the United States,” she says.


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Mari Eronen discovered her “creative side,” after reducing her work hours due to complications from Type 1 Diabetes.

“The part-time work hours may be a drain on finances, but they are definitely enriching my quality of life!”

Judy and Mari have rediscovered joy and purpose in their lives, and they are not alone. Many with chronic illness have rebuilt their lives and have gone on to launch new ministries, careers and friendships. Others have developed gifts and talents they never knew they had.


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Making this life transition yourself can be easier if you know how other sufferers of a chronic illness dealt with it. The key is to keep it in perspective. “Rebuilding or redefining normal is a long process,” explains Georgia Shaffer, a psychologist, professional speaker and life coach. “It can take years.” Given just a 2 percent chance to live in 1989 after a recurrence of breast cancer, Georgia lost her job because she was too weak to work, and her husband walked out on her. After piecing her shattered life back together, she wrote A Gift of Mourning Glories — Restoring Your Life after Loss , to serve as a guidebook to help others rebuild their lives.


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8 Here are a few of her suggestions: ● Ask important questions like, “What am I passionate about?” “What in my life can I share with others?” We sometimes abandon our “passions” for adult responsibilities. Think back to your youth and what you enjoyed doing. Rediscover your gifts and talents. Although your chronic illness may keep you from coaching your son’s


soccer team, maybe you can use your photography skills to capture those winning moments. Be creative.

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● Take calculated risks. Rebuilding your life requires that you explore unchartered territory. Sure, it might be scary to head back to college at age 35, but why not give it a shot? While you may not succeed at everything you try, the experiences will enrich your life and give you something to talk about besides your illness.● Eliminate toxic relationships from your life. Fe

w things are more draining than dysfunctional relationships.


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People who consistently blame you for their problems, criticize your choices and discount your feelings are toxic. If being in someone’s company continually drains you, it might be a sign of an unhealthy relationship. Learn to establish healthy boundaries. ● Forgive those who fail you. Over time, your friends will fail you, co-workers will fail you — even your church will fail you. Forgive them and move on. ● Learn to choose between “best” and “good.” Your physical and emotional resources will limit your choices. Determine who and what adds meaning

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to your life and invest in those relationships and activities. Not sure? Ask a friend. A fresh perspective may be just what you need. ● Share your gifts and talents. Those who suffer have a lot to contribute. It is critical to look for ways to share your gifts and talents with others in your church and the community. Volunteering builds self-esteem, contributes to feelings of value and worth, helps overcome social isolation and gives you a sense of belonging.


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Rebuilding your life while living with a chronic illness can seem like a daunting task. Take heart. With a little knowledge, creativity and encouragement from others, it’s possible.

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Mary J. Yerkes is an American award-winning writer, teacher, and speaker, specializing in writing nonfiction articles, stories, and essays for the inspirational and general markets. Known for her dramatic storytelling skills, Mary has earned national recognition for her emotionally-evocative creative nonfiction. Mary was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in 1997. She poured her struggles onto the pages of her journal, which finally turned into articles.


chronic illness (Paragraph 1): an illness that lasts a long time and is not likely to be cured. Nearly one in two Americans is said to suffer from chronic illness. Chronic illness breeds physical, emotional and spiritual devastation.


But, at some point, the emotions subside and you are faced with a harsh reality — you are no longer the person you once were. (Paragraph 1): But, at one time or another when your feelings become less strong, you are aware of the fact that your illness has seriously affected your thoughts, emotions and personality.

Without your help, I stood the least chance of finishing the task in time.


Do you even stand a chance of rebuilding a meaningful life? (Paragraph 1): Do you still have an opportunity to recreate a meaningful life?stand a chance: have an opportunity

e.g.


Judy Gann (Paragraph 2): Living in Washington State, Judy serves as Writers Coordinator/ Acquisitions Editor for Rest Ministries, an international support ministry for people with chronic illness and chronic pain. A member of the Christian Authors Network (CAN), she coordinates CAN’s marketing efforts to public libraries. Judy has published several magazine articles and contributed to compilations. In 1988, a severe allergic reaction to medication severely impaired Judy’s cognitive abilities. After spending nearly a year bedridden, she returned to work, only to find she’d lost the ability to write even a simple memo. Judy’s dream of writing crumbled. Over


the next seven years her cognitive abilities — including writing — gradually improved. Judy Gann’s passion is to offer hope and encouragement through her writing and speaking.


fibromyalgia and other autoimmune disorders (Paragraph 2): 纤维肌痛症以及其他自体免疫失调症


God has transformed a shy, quiet woman into one who shares His comfort and hope with chronic illness support groups throughout the United States. (Paragraph 3): God has completely changed a shy, quiet woman into one who shares God’s blessing with all the other Americans that are members of chronic illness support groups.


complications (Paragraph 4): A complication is a medical problem or illness that happens while someone is already ill and makes treatment more difficult.


Many with chronic illness have rebuilt their lives and have gone on to launch new ministries, careers and friendships. (Paragraph 6): Many people with chronic illness have resumed their normal life and have started their careers with the government, entered their chosen professions, and made new friends.


The key is to keep it in perspective. (Paragraph 7): If you want to live normally again, you must judge the importance of it correctly.


Georgia Shaffer (Paragraph 8): Georgia Shaffer is the author of the award — winning book A Gift of Mourning Glories — Restoring Your Life after Loss and the producer of the syndicated radio feature The Mourning Glory Minute. Georgia is a licensed Psychologist in Pennsylvania and a Professional Coach working with leaders and communicators nationwide.


… her husband walked out on her. (Paragraph 9): … her husband deserted her, went away and lived somewhere else.


After piecing her shattered life back together, … (Paragraph 9): After her upset life went back to normal, …


Rebuilding your life requires that you explore unchartered territory. Sure, it might be scary to head back to college at age 35, but why not give it a shot? (Paragraph 12): Leading a normal life again requires that you explore your new life. Of course, it might be frightening to go back to college at age 35, but why not try to do it?


Few things are more draining than dysfunctional relationships. (Paragraph 13): Nothing can be more exhausting than having an unhealthy relationship with others.


Learn to choose between our physical and emotional resources will limit your choices. (Paragraph 15): Learn to determine who and what helps you when you are in need of it. Being physically weak and deprived of joy and purpose in life will stop you from making a right decision.


Volunteering builds self-esteem, contributes to feelings of value and worth, helps overcome social isolation and gives you a sense of belonging. (Paragraph 18): Being willing to help brings you praise and respect from others, enables you to feel important and worthwhile, helps you to actively participate in social activities and makes you feel happy and comfortable.


1. How do some people suffering from chronic illness feel about themselves?

Chronic illness may seriously affect a person’s thoughts, emotions, personality, or behavior. Some people with chronic illness often experience pessimistic feelings. They may interpret a minor failing on their part as a sign of incompetence or minor criticism as condemnation.




2. Why does the writer quote the cases of Judy and Mari?The writer quotes the cases of a breast cancer survivor and a Type 1 Diabetes patient to give emphasis to her argument that people with chronic illness can rebuild a meaningful life.



3. How can people with chronic illness make their life transition easier?Chronic illness lasts a long time and cannot be cured. Therefore, people with chronic illness must be prepared for a long period of supervision, observation and treatment, and realize the importance of rebuilding their lives. They can also learn from other sufferers to deal with their own problems.



4. What is the social need that people with chronic illness should satisfy for rebuilding their lives?It is the need to interact socially and be accepted by those whose opinions and friendship they value. Pleasant relations with co-workers and active participation in social and professional activities with family and friends satisfy it.


5. According to the passage, how can people with chronic illness return to normal, productive lives?

They need to learn how to change their thinking patterns to deal with the psychological and social consequences of their illnesses. They need to eliminate negative and undesirable thoughts and actively participate in social activities to a normal level of functioning.


Guidance: Sometimes we hurt. Sometimes our hearts ache. Sometimes we cry out in pain. In the quest to heal and recover from the hurts that are part of life, reasons might not make sense during periods of intense pain and suffering, and yet when given time and compassion, the sorrow would somehow lessen in intensity.

Memorable Quotes

What should be the attitudes towards hardships suggested by the following quotes?



Marcel Proust (1871-1922) was a French novelist, critic and essayist and best known for his monumental In Search of Lost Time.Vittorio Alfieri (1749-1803) was an Italian dramatist, considered the “founder of Italian tragedy.”

Memorable Quotes

1. We are healed of a suffering by experiencing it to the full.

— Marcel Proust

e.g. She was healed of loneliness by his love.


We could recover from the hurt by experiencing it to the greatest extent.

be healed of: (heal sb. of sth.) be made happy again, be cured of illness (formal)

Memorable Quotes

It was made shorter rather than longer.I decided to write rather than (to) telephone.

Often it takes more courage to live than to die. Rather … than: used for expressing preference of sth. instead of sth. Structures in parallel are used after rather and than.


2. Oft times the test of courage becomes rather to live than to die.

— Alfieri

e.g.

Documents

Unit13 When we arrived at the ↗ hospital, | my dad walked around to her side of the ↗ car, | gathered her into his arms ↗ and ↘ held her. At a ↗ time