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United Nations United Nations Mission in LiberiaMission in Liberia
MISSION BRIEFMISSION BRIEF
Bushrod Ablaze
July 2003: Monrovia in flames
Child SoldierBattle for Monrovia June-August 2003
KEY DATESKEY DATES
1 August:1 August: Security Council Resolution 1497 Security Council Resolution 1497 authorizes multinational force and future UN authorizes multinational force and future UN stabilization forcestabilization force
4 August:4 August: Deployment of ECOMIL vanguard Deployment of ECOMIL vanguard forceforce
11 August:11 August: Charles Taylor hands over Charles Taylor hands over presidency to Moses Blahpresidency to Moses Blah
18 August:18 August: Comprehensive Peace Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in Accra, GhanaAgreement signed in Accra, Ghana
19 September:19 September: Security Council Security Council Resolution 1509 establishes UN Mission Resolution 1509 establishes UN Mission in Liberiain Liberia
1 October:1 October: Day One of UNMIL, ECOMIL Day One of UNMIL, ECOMIL troops “rehatted” as UN peacekeeperstroops “rehatted” as UN peacekeepers
14 October:14 October: National Transitional National Transitional Government of Liberia (NTGL) takes Government of Liberia (NTGL) takes office and National Transitional office and National Transitional Legislative Assembly (NTGA) sworn inLegislative Assembly (NTGA) sworn in
UNMIL Day One - 1 October 2003UNMIL Day One - 1 October 2003
Inauguration of NTGLInauguration of NTGL14 October 200314 October 2003
Chairman Bryant and Chairman Bryant and former President Blahformer President Blah
Presidents Kufuor andPresidents Kufuor and Obasanjo with SRSG KleinObasanjo with SRSG Klein
Chairman Bryant Chairman Bryant takes oath of officetakes oath of office
Vice ChairmanVice Chairman Wesley Johnson takes oathWesley Johnson takes oath
UNMIL LEADERSHIPUNMIL LEADERSHIP
Jacques Paul KleinJacques Paul Klein Special Representative Special Representative of the Secretary-General of the Secretary-General and Coordinator of UN and Coordinator of UN Operations in LiberiaOperations in Liberia
Abou MoussaAbou Moussa Deputy Special RepresentativeDeputy Special Representative
Souren SeraydarianSouren Seraydarian Deputy Special RepresentativeDeputy Special Representative
UNMIL LEADERSHIPUNMIL LEADERSHIP
Lt. Gen. Lt. Gen. Daniel I. Opande Daniel I. Opande Force CommanderForce Commander
Mark A. KroekerMark A. Kroeker Police CommissionerPolice Commissioner
Savitri ButcheySavitri Butchey Director of Director of
AdministrationAdministration
UN Family in LiberiaUN Family in Liberia
UNMIL
WHO
UNHCR
WFP
OCHA
UN-HABITAT
UNMIL MANDATEUNMIL MANDATE Operating under Chapter VII:Operating under Chapter VII:
SUPPORTSUPPORT Ceasefire AgreementCeasefire Agreement Humanitarian AssistanceHumanitarian Assistance//Human Rights Human Rights Support for Security ReformSupport for Security Reform
PROTECTPROTECT United Nations StaffUnited Nations Staff Facilities Facilities CiviliansCivilians
UNMIL Mandate ImplementationUNMIL Mandate Implementation
Consists of eight goals:Consists of eight goals:
Peace and securityPeace and security
Disarmament and DemobilizationDisarmament and Demobilization
Rehabilitation and Reintegration of combatantsRehabilitation and Reintegration of combatants
Establish rule of law, including judiciary and correctionsEstablish rule of law, including judiciary and corrections
Establish safeguards for human rightsEstablish safeguards for human rights
Restoration of state authorityRestoration of state authority
Provision of factual information through public media Provision of factual information through public media campaignscampaigns
Coordination of UN agencies for humanitarian assistanceCoordination of UN agencies for humanitarian assistance
PEACE AND SECURITYPEACE AND SECURITY
UNMIL FORCEUNMIL FORCE
Nigerian ContingentNigerian Contingent
Ghanaian ContingentGhanaian Contingent
LURD combatants
Ex-Armed Forces of Liberia soldiers
MODEL checkpoint
Military ForcesMilitary Forces
- Authorized- Authorized
15,00015,000
14,13114,131- Current- Current
13,84113,841
14,64014,640
145145
116116
215215
174174
FHQ SOFHQ SOMILOBSMILOBSTOTALTOTAL SECTORSECTORTROOPSTROOPS
Civilian StaffCivilian Staff
InternationalInternational
607607768768
400400
NationalNational
Current StrengthCurrent Strength
389389Plus 367Plus 367Contracts pendingContracts pending
Troop contributing countriesTroop contributing countries
BangladeshBangladeshBeninBeninBoliviaBoliviaBrazilBrazilChinaChinaCroatiaCroatiaCzech Rep.Czech Rep.DenmarkDenmarkEcuadorEcuadorEl SalvadorEl SalvadorEgyptEgyptEthiopiaEthiopiaFinlandFinlandFranceFranceGambiaGambiaGhanaGhana
Guinea Bissau Guinea Bissau IndonesiaIndonesiaIrelandIrelandJordanJordanKenyaKenyaKoreaKoreaMalawiMalawiMalaysiaMalaysiaMaliMaliMoldovaMoldovaNamibiaNamibiaNepalNepalNetherlandsNetherlandsNigerNigerNigeriaNigeriaPakistanPakistan
ParaguayParaguayPeruPeruPhilippinesPhilippinesPolandPolandRomaniaRomaniaRussiaRussiaSenegalSenegalSerbia/MontenegroSerbia/MontenegroSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSwedenSwedenTogoTogoUkraineUkraineUnited KingdomUnited KingdomUnited StatesUnited StatesZambiaZambia
Total authorized 15,000Total in country 14,131
COMBAT FORCESCOMBAT FORCESFORCE HQ RESERVEFORCE HQ RESERVE1 Combined Battalion1 Combined Battalion
IrelandIreland MechanizedMechanizedSwedenSweden ArmoredArmored
SECTOR 1SECTOR 1Nigeria - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)*Nigeria - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)*West African Composite - 1 Motorized BattalionWest African Composite - 1 Motorized Battalion
SECTOR 2SECTOR 2Pakistan - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)Pakistan - 2 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)Namibia - 1 Infantry Battalion (partly mechanized)Namibia - 1 Infantry Battalion (partly mechanized)
SECTOR 3SECTOR 3Bangladesh – 3 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)Bangladesh – 3 Infantry Battalions (partly mechanized)
SECTOR 4SECTOR 4Ethiopia Ethiopia – – 22 Motorized Battalions Motorized Battalions
** Partly mechanized = 2 motor & 2 mechanized companies Partly mechanized = 2 motor & 2 mechanized companies
FORCE HQFORCE HQ Jordan - Jordan - Level Three HospitalLevel Three HospitalPhilippines - Philippines - Headquarters CompanyHeadquarters CompanyBangladesh - Bangladesh - Engineering CompanyEngineering CompanyUkraine - Ukraine - Aviation UnitAviation UnitNepal - Nepal - Military Police CompanyMilitary Police CompanyPakistan - Pakistan - Road & Airfield Maintenance CompanyRoad & Airfield Maintenance CompanyPeople’s Republic of China - People’s Republic of China - Transportation CompanyTransportation Company
SECTOR 1SECTOR 1 Pakistan - Pakistan - Engineering CompanyEngineering Company
SECTOR 2SECTOR 2 Pakistan - Pakistan - Level Two HospitalLevel Two Hospital Engineering Company Engineering Company
SECTOR 3SECTOR 3 Bangladesh - Bangladesh - Level Two HospitalLevel Two Hospital Engineering CompanyEngineering Company
SECTOR 4SECTOR 4 People’s Republic of China - People’s Republic of China - Level Two HospitalLevel Two Hospital Engineering CompanyEngineering Company
SUPPORT UNITSSUPPORT UNITS
UNMIL UNMIL PEACEKEEPERPEACEKEEPERDEPLOYMENTSDEPLOYMENTS
X
X
X1
23
4
BHQ
UNMO
N
BHQ
UNMO
RD AND AIRFD PAK
UNMO
BHQ
FHQ
UNMO
GD ADMINPHILIPPINES
LOG
III
MP
QRF IREBAT
2
3X
(-)(-)
(-)(-)
(-)(-)
(-)(-)
UNMIL Full DeploymentUNMIL Full Deployment
(-)(-)
SPECIAL SIGS BAN
TPTCOYCHINA
MP NEPAL
ATCK UKR
UTILITY UKR
LEVEL 3 JOR
PAKBAT
UNMO
BHQ
NIBAT 1
NIBAT2
GUINEA BISSAU
(+)(+)
(+)(+)
(+)(+)
NAMBAT
PAK
PAK
PAKBAT
TBC
MULTIROLE BANGLADESH
BANBAT 1
BAN
BAN
BANBAT 3
BANBAT 2
BANBAT 3PAK
TBC
ETHBAT 1
ETHBAT 2
TBC
ETHBAT 1
ETHBAT 2
CHINA
CHINA
XX
X
X
X
X
Foya
3rd BDE 1st BDE
2nd BDE4th BDE
PAK
3
NAM
284 Combat 284 Combat VehiclesVehicles
14 Helicopter 14 Helicopter GunshipsGunships
Disarmament, Demobilization, Disarmament, Demobilization, Rehabilitation and Reintegration (DDRR)Rehabilitation and Reintegration (DDRR)
DDRR begun in December 2003 at Camp Schieffelin for former Government of Liberia (ex-GoL) combatants
Combatants disarmed 13,192 Weapons collected 8,679 Ammunition collected
2,018,669
DDRR Program launchDDRR Program launch
Special Representative of the Secretary General Jacques Paul Klein destroys weapons at ceremonial launch of DDRR program on 1 December 2003
NTGL Chairman Gyude Bryant addresses opening of Camp Schieffelin DDRR site on 7 December 2003
Disarmament Camp SchieffelinDisarmament Camp Schieffelin December 2003December 2003
Nationwide information campaign to educate Nationwide information campaign to educate combatants and communities on DDRRcombatants and communities on DDRR
Voinjama: Gen. Sheriff Cobra (LURD), Gen. Varmuya Sheriff (ex-GOL), Gen. William Bearlar (MODEL) and Gen. Patrick
Bowah (LURD) on UNMIL DDRR information campaign
Resumption of DDRRResumption of DDRR15 April 200415 April 2004
4 cantonment and 4 disarmament sites in Gbarnga, Tubmanburg, Monrovia, and Buchanan
5 more cantonment sites to be completed for LURD, MODEL, ex-GOL
Disarmament and Demobilization Disarmament and Demobilization 15 April 200415 April 2004
Registration and Encampment Registration and Encampment 15 April 200415 April 2004
DESTROYEDCOLLECTED
11,49011,49011,49011,490AmmoAmmo(explosives)(explosives)
3,805,1183,805,1183,805,1183,805,118AmmoAmmo(small arms)(small arms)
8,252 *8,252 *to restart to restart 15 June 15 June
15,34315,343WeaponsWeapons
34,328 ex-combatants disarmed
Rehabilitation and Reintegration Rehabilitation and Reintegration International ContributionsInternational Contributions
US Agency for International Development
Women and Children Rehabilitation programWomen and Children Rehabilitation program
$15 million, 3 years$15 million, 3 years
Target: 10,000 women and childrenTarget: 10,000 women and children
Liberia Community Infrastructure ProgramLiberia Community Infrastructure Program
$27.9 million, 3 years$27.9 million, 3 years
Target: 10,000 ex-combatants and 10,000 othersTarget: 10,000 ex-combatants and 10,000 others
Youth Reintegration Training and Education for Peace Program Youth Reintegration Training and Education for Peace Program (YRTEP) Vocational, Apprenticeship, Education(YRTEP) Vocational, Apprenticeship, Education
$5 million, 2 years$5 million, 2 years
Target: 5 million young peopleTarget: 5 million young people
Rehabilitation and Reintegration Programmes
DDRR Trust Fund
28 RR proposals for trades training programmes
for 35,200 ex-combatants
UNICEF-7000 child ex-combatants into community
education programmes
Formal education programmes in Monrovia and in counties
being reviewed and assessed for intake of ex-combatants
in partnership with the Ministry of Education
Rule of LawRule of Law
Civilian Police Judiciary Corrections Human Rights
UNMIL CIVILIAN POLICEUNMIL CIVILIAN POLICE
Current strength:Current strength: 750 out of an authorized 750 out of an authorized strength of 1,115, including 240 members of strength of 1,115, including 240 members of the Formed Police Unitsthe Formed Police Units
UNMIL CIVILIAN POLICE UNMIL CIVILIAN POLICE Contributing CountriesContributing Countries
BangladeshBosnia-HerzegovinaChinaCzech Rep.FijiGambiaGhanaJordan (FPU)MalawiNamibiaNepal (FPU)NigerNigeriaNorwayPakistan
Philippines PolandRussiaSamoaSenegalSerbia-MontenegroSri LankaSwedenTurkeyUkraineUruguayUnited StatesYemenZambiaZimbabwe
Total authorized 1,115Total in country 725 (including 10 Corrections officers)
CIVPOL TasksCIVPOL Tasks
Monitoring and mentoring the Liberian National Police (LNP)
Co-locating with LNP personnel
Restructuring Police Sector
Establishing a new Police Service
CIVPOL TrainingCIVPOL Training
Interim police training, while planning proceeds for a restructured national police service
Jordanian Formed Police Unit demonstrating riot control techniques
5 May - Recruitment campaign for new police service starts
JudiciaryJudiciary
Assess judicial system Train judges, prosecutors and
lawyers Re-establish courts Co-location of UNMIL judicial
advisors in the courts/Ministry of Justice
Monitoring of criminal/civil trials
CorrectionsCorrections
Recruit and train staff for the Liberian Correctional System
Review and revise penal legislation
Improve policies and procedures to reflect international guidelines and human rights standards
Reform organizational structure
Build a long-range corrections development plan with the assistance of key international and national stakeholders
Human Rights and Human Rights and ProtectionProtection
Established/Assist Independent Human
Rights Commission Truth and Reconciliation
Commission
Protect Vulnerable Groups Children and Women
Restoration of Restoration of State AuthorityState Authority
Strategies for return of civil administration, county officials, district officers and traditional chiefs around the country
Committees to resolve disputes at local level arising from occupation or possession of properties
Mayoress of GantaMayoress of Ganta
... .. . .
..
UN Civilian PresenceUN Civilian Presence
Provision of factual information through public media campaigns
24-hour FM radio capability established Nationwide DDRR information campaign Public education on Mission mandate, security and
law enforcement awareness and humanitarian assistance
Voter education Local media capacity-building
UNMIL Radio 91.5FMUNMIL Radio 91.5FM
Broadcasts 24 hours a day, seven days a week
News and information on the peace process
Sensitization of public opinion on DDRR
Voter education on forthcoming elections
Signal currently has the farthest reach of any radio station in Liberia
Coverage will be nationwide
Media DevelopmentMedia Development
Free media environment established
25 newspapers publishing
8 FM radio stations
Community radio
2 Monrovia-based television stations
Coordination of Coordination of Humanitarian AssistanceHumanitarian Assistance
Expansion of humanitarian relief activities by UN agencies and non-governmental organizations
Relief assistance to refugees, IDPs and host communities
More than 50 joint assessment missions by UN agencies and NGOs to locations all over Liberia
WFP feeds 600,000 persons per day in Liberia• 316,000 Internally Displaced
Persons• 284,000 Vulnerable Groups
Internally Displaced Persons Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and refugees beginning to (IDPs) and refugees beginning to return homereturn home
17,600 returnees have come 17,600 returnees have come back from Sierra Leone, Guinea, back from Sierra Leone, Guinea, CCôôte d’Ivoire and Ghana since te d’Ivoire and Ghana since November 2003November 2003
Liberia Demographic StatisticsLiberia Demographic Statistics(estimated)(estimated)
Population 3.3 million
Population under age of 15 years - 44%
Ethnic- 95% Indigenous African (16 Ethnic Groups) 5% Americo-Liberians
ReligionTraditional AnimistChristianMuslim
Literacy Rate (Average) 37%Men 50%Women 24%
Life Expectancy - 48 years Infant Mortality - 117 per 1000 live births
HIV/AIDS • Prevalence Rate - 8.2%
Population with access to acceptable standards • Sanitation - 40%• Drinking water – 26%
Estimated war-related deaths since 1989 – 250,000 (50% civilian)
Health StatisticsHealth Statistics(estimated)(estimated)
Economic StatisticsEconomic Statistics(estimated)(estimated)
Unemployment - 85% Population below Poverty line - 75% Literacy - 37% National Debt - $2.8 billion Arrears $2.8 billion
• ($650 mil. - World Bank, $400 mil.- IMF)
Refugee and IDP StatisticsRefugee and IDP Statistics
Internally Displaced Persons 500,000 (estimated)230,000 in the camps (UNHCR)
Refugees 57,000 (in Liberia)• 40,000 S. Leoneans• 17,000 Ivorians
Liberian Refugees - 354,230 (UNHCR)• Ghana - 42,388• Sierra Leone - 67,162• Cote d’Ivoire - 67,149• Gambia - 699• Guinea - 170,832• Nigeria - 6,000
Returning refugeesReturning refugees
Reconstruction Reconstruction
Liberia Reconstruction Conference 5-6 February 04
Initiated by UNMIL to address Liberia’s short to medium-term reconstruction and development needs
US$520 million pledged
Back to SchoolBack to School
622,000 children 20,000 teachers 3,700 schools
Since June 2003 over 1.24 million children under 15 years of age immunized against measles
“Back to School” campaign
launched by UNICEF providing
basic equipment and supplies
including 7,275 School-in-a-box kits for:
Rehabilitation of Rehabilitation of infrastructureinfrastructure
UNMIL Quick-Impact Projects
• 97 projects undertaken, 30 completed totalling over US$1 million
• Addressing emergency needs in rehabilitation of infrastructure, building of basic institutions and functioning of public services and utilities
RecoveryRecovery
Life returns to normal Children attend newly
opened schools Hospitals and clinics are
operating Economic activity is
resuming Electricity and water supply
has been restored to parts of Monrovia
UNMILUNMILBringing Hope for TomorrowBringing Hope for Tomorrow