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“Universe” of EG SubmissionsTrade and Environment Division
19 April 2010(Update of the presentation delivered on 18 February 2010)
For more information, please contact [email protected]
This document has been prepared under the Secretariat's own responsibility and is without prejudice to the positions of Members and to
their rights and obligations under the WTO.
Introduction
Caveats
Submissions on Environmental Goods (EGs) covered in the presentation• By a group of 9 Members (9M): Canada, the European Union, Japan, Korea, New Zealand,
Norway, Switzerland, Chinese Taipei and the United States – JOB(09)/132 (9 October 2009)• By Saudi Arabia (S) – JOB(09)/169 (6 November 2009)• By Japan (J) – TN/TE/W/75/Add.1 (16 February 2010)• By the Philippines (P) – JOB/TE/2 (16 February 2010)
Trade Data (UN Comtrade Database):• Based on entire HS6-Lines• Nominal US$ Values in Time Series using Current Exchange Rates (and not Purchasing Power
Parity – Rates)• Recording Errors and Evaluation Differences between reporting importing and reporting exporting
countries• Data availability: 2003: 94 WTO Members; 2004: 108 Members; 2005: 114 Members, 2006: 119
Members, 2007: 118 Members, 2008: 108 Members
Tariff Data (WTO Integrated Database and ITC):• Simple („Tariff-Line-Weighted“) Averages that weigh all scheduled Applied MFN tariff lines
equally – regardless of actual trade volumes
Trade and Tariffs:• HS-Concordance – All EG submissions apply the HS2002 Revision, which currently is only used by
23 Members. The concordance to other Revisions may be imprecise, since many codes have no one-to-one relationship with HS2007 and HS1996 codes.
• Australia, Canada, the EU27, Iceland, Japan, Liechtenstein, New Zealand, Norway, Switzerland and the USA are counted as „developed“.
Number of HS6-Codes per List(HS2002 Revision)
9 Members (9M): 164 HS6-Codes
Japan (J): 51HS6-Codes
(+2 without codes)Saudi Arabia (S): 262 HS6-Codes
(+1 without HS2002-code)
Philippines (P): 17 HS6-Codes
170 unique HS6
92 duplicates
9M/S
11 triplicates 9M/S/P
5 dupl.9M/P
1 unique HS6
49 unique HS6
65 unique HS6
2 duplicates
9M/J
Universe of EGs: 384 HS6-Codes (HS2002)(+3 entries without HS6-Code from the HS2002 Revision)
Overlap between Lists(Number of overlapping HS2002-codes at the 6-digit-level)
Trade Data
Comparison Merchandise/EG-Trade 2003-2008(in Trillions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Source: UN Comtrade)
Total WTO Exports including EU-Intra-Trade, $14.2 in 2008 (+209%)
Total WTO Exports without EU-Intra-Trade, $10.3 in 2008 (+220%)
WTO EG-Exports including EU-Intra-Trade,
$2.8 in 2008 (+202%)
WTO EG-Exports without EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.0 in 2008 (+202%)
Total WTO Imports including EU-Intra-Trade, $15.1 in 2008 (+213%)
Total WTO Imports without EU-Intra-Trade, $11.4 in 2008 (+223%)
WTO EG-Imports including EU-Intra-Trade,
$2.8 in 2008 (+196%)
WTO EG-Imports without EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.0 in 2008 (+213%)$0
$2
$4
$6
$8
$10
$12
$14
$16
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
WTO Nominal Trade of EGs 2003-2008(in Trillions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Source: UN Comtrade)
WTO EG-Exports including EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.79 in 2008
$2.53
$2.18
$1.91
$1.70
$1.38
$0.95
$1.19
$1.36
$1.55
$1.80
WTO EG-Exports without EU-Intra-Trade, $2.02 in
2008$1.41
$1.72
$2.21
$2.50
$1.94
WTO EG-Imports including EU-Intra-
Trade, $2.77 in 2008
$1.62
$1.42
$1.24
$1.00
$1.81
WTO EG-Imports without EU-Intra-Trade: $2.03 in
2008
$0.0
$0.5
$1.0
$1.5
$2.0
$2.5
$3.0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Share of EGs in WTO Merchandise Trade 2008 (All 4 Lists, Only Members with available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
WTO Nominal Trade of EGs by List 2003-2008(in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only Members with available Data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
,
Exports S, $848 (+249%)
Saudi Arabia List
Imports S, $941 (+245%)
,
Exports J, $874 (+181%)
Imports J, $795 (+159%)Japan List
Exports 9M, $652 (+236%)
,
Imports 9M, $627 (+232%)
9 Members List
Exports P, $92 (+306%)
, , $86 (+315%)Philippines List
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Imports P
Trade Data: Top 15
Top 15 Shares of EGs in National Merchandise Exports 2008(All 4 Lists, Data of 108 Members available, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
51%
46%
42%
20%
32%
20%
26%
17%
12%
13%
13%
14%
12%
9%
10%
52%
46%
43%
35%
32%
29%
28%
23%
23%
23%
21%
21%
20%
20%
19%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Jamaica
Bolivia
Qatar
Japan
Trinidad and Tobago
Mexico
Norway
Thailand
Europe
Canada
China
Turkey
Rep. of Korea
USA
Malaysia
Other ListsSaudi Arabia list, if largestJapan list, if largest
Top 15 Shares of EGs in National Merchandise Imports 2008(Compilation List, Data of 108 Members available, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
22%
22%
14%
15%
16%
20%
14%
13%
14%
12%
12%
10%
11%
13%
13%
38%
37%
29%
26%
26%
25%
24%
24%
24%
24%
23%
23%
23%
22%
22%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
Qatar
Oman
Nigeria
Ukraine
Iceland
Paraguay
Ghana
Bolivia
Australia
Argentina
Canada
Norway
Ecuador
Morocco
Georgia
Other ListsJapan list, if largestSaudi Arabia list, if largest
Top 15 WTO Exporters of EGs 2008 (in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
1.EU, $450, 23%
2.China, $305, 15%
3.Japan, $274, 14%4.USA, $254, 13%
5.Canada, $103, 5%
6.Mexico, $86, 4%
7.Rep. of Korea, $82, 4%
8.Hong Kong, $48, 2%
9.Norway, $47, 2%
10.Thailand, $41, 2%
11.Malaysia, $38, 2%
12.Singapore, $38, 2%
13.Chinese Taipei, $31, 2%
14.Turkey, $28, 1%
15.Switzerland, $25, 1%
Others, $169, 8%
1.EU
2.China
3.Japan
4.USA
5.Canada
6.Mexico
7.Rep. of Korea
8.Hong Kong
9.Norway
10.Thailand
11.Malaysia
12.Singapore
13.Chinese Taipei
14.Turkey
15.Switzerland
Others
Top 15 WTO Importers of EGs 2008(in Billions of US$, All 4 Lists, Only available data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
1.USA, $460, 22%
2.EU, $428, 20%
3.China, $164, 8%4.Japan, $125, 6%
5.Canada, $95, 5%
6.Rep. of Korea, $78, 4%
7.Mexico, $61, 3%
8.Hong Kong, $54, 3%
9.Australia, $45, 2%
10.Singapore, $38, 2%
11.Chinese Taipei, $34, 2%
12.Brazil, $33, 2%
13.Switzerland, $32, 2%
14.United Arab Emirates, $32, 2%
15.India, $30, 1%
Others, $321, 16%1.USA
2.EU
3.China
4.Japan
5.Canada
6.Rep. of Korea
7.Mexico
8.Hong Kong
9.Australia
10.Singapore
11.Chinese Taipei
12.Brazil
13.Switzerland
14.United Arab Emirates
15.India
Others
Top 15 WTO Annual Average Export Growth Rates 2003-2008(All 4 Lists, 94 WTO Members, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
28% ($179 in 2008)
30% ($46,887 in 2008)
30% ($24 in 2008)
31% ($305,093 in 2008)
32% ($1,753 in 2008)
36% ($16,337 in 2008)
36% ($384 in 2008)
37% ($582 in 2008)
40% ($5,211 in 2008)
47% ($95 in 2008)
50% ($3,161 in 2008)
54% ($103 in 2008)
54% ($46 in 2008)
56% ($13 in 2008)
95%; ($6 in 2008)
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
1.Malawi
2.Paraguay
3.Zambia
4.Iceland
5.Bolivia
6.Uganda
7.Oman
8.Ecuador
9.Pakistan
10.India
11.Colombia
12.China
13.Albania
14.Norway
15.Peru
Annual Average Growth of Exports (2008Exports in Millions of US$)
Top 15 WTO Annual Average Import Growth Rates 2003-2008(All 4 Lists, 94 WTO Members, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
28% ($1,184)
28% ($8,197)
29% ($1,504)
29% ($2,659)
29% ($5,235)
29% ($945)
29% ($32,866)
33% ($9.471)
34% ($1,026)
35% ($835)
37% ($29,808)
38% ($13,497)
40% ($2,237)
43% ($805)
43% ($1,139)
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
1.Uruguay
2.Madagascar
3.Paraguay
4.Argentina
5.India
6.Armenia
7.Zambia
8.Morocco
9.Brazil
10.TFYR of Macedonia
11.Pakistan
12.Jordan
13.Kenya
14.Colombia
15.Bolivia
Average Annual Growth of Imports(2008 Imports in Millions of US$)
Trade Data: Developed / Developing Members
Exports Developing/Developed Members(in Billions of US$, Compilation List, Only available Member Data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
58%67% 64% 61% 60% 59%
42%
33%
36%39%
40%
41%
$2,019
$1,801
$1,554
$1,357
$1,189
$949
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Developing
Developed
Exports/Imports 2008 Developing/Developed (All 4 Lists, in Billions of US$, Only available Member data, Data Source: UN Comtrade)
Tariff Data
Average MFN Tariffs 2009(All 4 Lists, Data Source: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)
12.0%
9.7%
4.2%
1.8%
6.1%
10.7%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14%
Average MFN LDCs -Only Non-Zero Tariffs
(89% of TLs)
Average MFN LDCs - AllTariffs (100% of TLs)
Average MFN Developing- Only Non-Zero Tariffs
(63% of TLs)
Average MFN Developing- All Tariffs (100% of TLs)
Average MFN Developed -Only Non-Zero Tariffs
(42% of TLs)
Average MFN Developed -All Tariffs (100% of TLs)
Duty-Free Tariff Lines 2009(All 4 Lists, Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)
58%
37%
11%
42%
63%
89%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Developed Developing LDCs
Non-Zero TLs
Duty-Free TLs
Average MFN Tariffs 2009 by EG List(Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC, TL-Weighted Averages)
18.6%
12.0%
10.6% 10.3%
17.2%
10.7%
9.4%8.7%
16.3%
12.2%
9.3%
5.6%
8.1%
4.9%
8.4%
5.0%
6.2%
3.2%3.8%
1.6%
3.8%
1.6%
3.8%
1.8%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
18.0%
20.0%
J - Non-ZeroTLs
J - All TLs 9M - Non-Zero TLs
9M - All TLs S - Non-ZeroTLs
S - All TLs P - Non-ZeroTLs
P - All TLs
LDCs
Developing
Developed
Duty-Free Tariff Lines 2009 by EG List(Data Sources: WTO Integrated Database and ITC)
8%11% 11%
15%
26%
39% 39%41%
48%
59% 58%54%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
J 9M S P
LDCs
Developing
Developed
“Universe” of EG SubmissionsTrade and Environment Division
19 April 2010(Update of the presentation delivered on 18 February 2010)