Universities Allied for Essential Medicine Central Michigan University Chapter

Increasing Global Access to Medicine through Information Transfer and the

Philadelphia Consensus

Presented by: Steven WittePratik ChhetriNicholas DeKorverKatie Colaccino

Presentation Outline

I. Social technology transfer and how it relates to Universities

II. Organizations that work with social technology and humanitarian global efforts

III. Philadelphia Consensus StatementIV. Central Michigan Universities potential

role and possible adaptations to current policies

Goals for this Meeting

I. Create an understanding of social technology transfer and how it can be protected

II. Discuss organizations currently using social technology to help solve global issues.

With a focus on Universities Allied for Essential Medicines (UAEM)

III. Discuss the possible role Central Michigan University can play in the future

Beginning Questions:

What is Technology Transfer? Why do universities engage in technology

transfer?-Money?

-Public service?

Values are the Key

The answer lies in what you value. If you value profit, then economic gain drives

technology transfer If you value public services, then societal impact

is the driving force

What Defines Success in Technology Transfer? Defining success is a function of the outcomes desired

Outcomes are a function of an institution’s mission Most universities missions include 3 levels:

Teaching Research Public Service

Mission Outcomes desired

Success is determined by measuring those outcomes

Understanding the Mission of Universities

Teaching = Sharing knowledge Research = Advancing new knowledge Public service = Translating knowledge and

resources for the public good

How Technology Transfer can be Utilized to best Realize a Universities Mission

It all begins with how tech transfer success is measured Ability of an idea to make money? Ability to increase access to knowledge?

Economic metrics vs. access metrics Economic Metrics = Revenue Only Access Metrics = Less inclusive, focus on humanitarian impact

Ethics vs. Economics

Restoring Balance to Academic Technology Transfer Technology transfer should help a university

best carry out its mission A patent does not directly reflect the value of an idea Focusing on knowledge access helps define desired

outcomes, thus, technology transfer success

Bottom line: Universities best realize their mission when they measure technology transfer success in terms of impact on society (mainly through increasing access to knowledge).

How to Measure Societal Impact

Access to knowledge If you don’t measure the success of technology

transfer based on money, what do you use? Citation analysis Alliance management Outreach, education, and communication Research exemption Humanitarian use of exemption

Measuring Research Success: Citation Analysis

Publication and citation numbers measure value of information Innovation pipeline ranking system which is not

based on royalties but, rather, is nonmonetary See the 2006 Milken Report

Used citation analysis to rank universities

Measuring Research Success: Research Exemption

Important research is inhibited due to fear of patent infringement Patents on genes, potential drugs, etc.

Include research exemptions on patents Necessary to maintain the fundamental

right of academic inquiry

Measuring Research Success: Access to Essential Medicines Essential Medicines:

satisfy the health care needs of the majority available at all times in adequate amounts sold at a price the community can afford

World Health Organization

Under an economic metric, patenting in developing countries makes no sense definitely

People cannot afford No money can be made

Under access metric, making medicines available to developing countries should be a high priority

Measuring Research Success: Open Innovation Models Markets are driven by innovation and access to

knowledge Example: the open source software movement

Industry alliances are very beneficial Focus for research institution

Facilitate economic development through access to knowledge advances and strong engagement with government community partners industry partners

Social entrepreneurship

Problems with Economic Metrics

Not an accurate value of University output

Causes start-up negotiation problems

Conflict with mission of university

Further Resources

The Better World Report 2009 Innovations from Academic Research that Positively Impact

Global Health In the Public Interest

White paper adopted by many Universities Mind to Market: A Global Analysis of University Biotechnology

Transfer and Commercialization Evaluating Academic Technology Transfer by how well

Access to Knowledge is Facilitated-Defining an Access Metric Jill Sorensen, led technology transfer offices at John Hopkins

and University of Illinois Equitable Access License (EAL)

Endorsed by UAEM

Review of Social Metrics

Socially responsible licensing practices can and should be adopted to advance the public service mission of the research institution

Will also advance success of academic technology transfer

How does this apply to humanity on

a Local, National, and Global Level?

Organizations working toward Global Humanitarianism Gates Foundation

$38.7 Billion for charitable activities Three Strategies: Discovery, Development, and

Delivery The Jimmy & Rosalynn Carter Partnership

Foundation Provide grants for best practices in campus-

community programs and best new ideas for service projects solving community based problems

Universities Allied for Essential Medicine

Non-Profit Organization created to: Promote Access to medicines for people in

developing countries Ensure university medical research meets the

needs of the majority of the worlds population Empower students to respond to the access and

innovation crisis Large focus on Neglected Tropical

Diseases (NTDs)

Neglected Tropical Diseases

Buruli Ulcer American Trypanosomiasis-

Chagas Disease Breakbone Fever- Dengue

haemorrhagic fever Guinea Worm Disease-

Dracunculiasis Fascioliasis African Sleeping Sickness-

Human African trypanosomiasis

Black Fever- Leishmaniasis Leprosy Elephantiasis- Lymphatic

filariasis Neglected zoonotic diseases River Blindness- Onchocerciasis Snail Fever- Schistosomiasis Soil transmitted helminthiasis Trachoma Yaws

Neglected Tropical Disease Facts: 1 billion people suffer from a neglected tropical

disease. Each year, Ten Million people die from diseases

that have available cure Only 10% of the Research and Development

dollars go towards research into 90% of the world’s health problem

Compare it to this: More money goes into curing baldness than curing NTDs

Why do the diseases go untreated?

The diseases are overlooked because the sick do not make up a large enough piece of the global commercial market to attract commercial research.

Often, drugs that are developed do not reach the intended populations due to the lack of monetary gain associated with sales in third world nations.

How can Central Michigan University contribute to increasing access to

essential medicines?

A U.S. Senate report in 2000 found that 15 of the 21 drugs with the greatest therapeutic impact were developed using federally funded research, most of which occurs at universities.

So far, however, drugs developed at universities have remained largely out of reach for millions of the destitute sick in the developing world.

Example: Yale’s AIDS research

How this all Applies to CMU

CMU already has resources in place Growing, Malleable University Universities Allied for Essential Medicines

Brand-new RSO Works to construct creative, new approaches to

improving the development and delivery of public health goods

A global organization

UAEM Chapters in the World

Research at CMU

Dr. Thomas Delia, Chemistry Dr. Leela Rakesh, Applied Mathematics

The Philadelphia Consensus Another resource CMU could use The Consensus Statement’s

recommendations: Ensure that drug developed in campus laboratories is

made available to the developing world Promote research and development for Neglected

Tropical Diseases Measure research success according to impact on

human welfare

Endorsers of the Philadelphia Consensus Statement

5 Nobel Laureates Hundreds of the highest profile luminaries in the

fields of science, medicine, and health policy Thousands of students and faculty at over 100

Universities internationally

http://www.essentialmedicine.org/cs/?page_id=4

Endorsers

President Bill Clinton endorsed the Philadelphia Consensus Statement in a recent speech at Yale

President Obama has enacted policies inspired by UAEM

Senator Patrick Leahy (VT) introduced the Public Research in the Public Interest Act

The Deans of the Schools of Public Health at Harvard and Yale urge universities to sign

UAEM Publications

“In the Public Interest”

A white paper, inspired by UAEM, that recognizes universities fundamental responsibility to ensure their research benefits the world’s poor. It is committed to developing a licensing strategy to achieve that goal.

UAEM Publications

Berkeley first announced its strategy for Socially Responsible Licensing Aims to maximize the societal benefit of technologies developed

at UC Berkeley Led to other universities following suite Inspired by UAEM

University Supporters

Harvard MIT Stanford University of California University of Illinois (Chicago and Urbana Champaign) University of Washington Yale University of Wisconsin

Duke University of Michigan University of North Carolina Vanderbilt Lehigh University And also the Association of American Medical Colleges Association of University Technology Transfer Managers

CMU Vision Statement

CMU will be a nationally prominent university known for integrity, academic excellence, research and creative activity, and public service."                                         –Adopted by the Board of Trustees, March 3, 2005

Strategic Planning at CMU

Those five priorities are:

1. Create an environment that supports teaching and learning as the top priority.2. Provide educational experiences and programs that enhance diversity and global perspectives.3. Enhance the infrastructure for research and creative activities.4. Provide service for the public good.5. Strengthen the institution’s culture of integrity.

Corporate Support

Drug Companies and the FDA are also in support of this movement The FDA announced that it will award priority vouchers to drugs

being developed for NTDs will save drug companies hundreds of millions of dollars Removes fear of drug production

Several drug companies, including Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline, have volunteered to allow generic production of their patented drugs for use in developing countries

The Difference Between Universities and Corporations Universities have a public and social

responsibility Companies do not, they have to provide a

return of investment to their shareholders. Merck’s Mission Statement: “Provide... Investors

with a superior rate of return”

“Our labs, our drugs, our responsibility” UAEM Motto

What Can the Consensus Do for us?

Consensus brings recognition Sets up a comparison of CMU to other high

caliber learning institutions Excellent Public Relations Supports Institutional Goals

Central’s future with the Statement Currently, it would be a stepping stone Sets us up for:

future research opportunities Collaboration with other Universities

Current vs. Future Right Now

Faculty Students Current Research

In Ten Years Opportunity to bring in more globally recognized faculty Opens the University to more student research

opportunities Allows greater research capabilities Attracts positive, humanitarian efforts

In Closing:

“There is no them, there is only us.”-Lisa Williams