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Universities in Global Universities in Global Competition: how well is the UK Competition: how well is the UK
doing?doing?
Howard Davies
Director - London School of Economics
Harkness Fellowship LectureHong Kong Theatre
28 February, 2007
Shanghai Jiao Tong University World University Shanghai Jiao Tong University World University Rankings, 2005Rankings, 2005
37
5
44
US UK Europe Rest of World
168
40165
127
Top 50 Top 500
The World’s Top 200 Universities, THESThe World’s Top 200 Universities, THES 6 October, 2006 6 October, 2006
56
48
67
29
US UK EU Rest of World
22
8
2
18
Top 50 Top 200
LSE’s performance in newspaper LSE’s performance in newspaper league tablesleague tables
2004 2005 2006
The Guardian 5 5 3
Sunday Times 4 4 3
The Times 4 4 4
Output of universitiesOutput of universities
• Research
• The production of citizens (cultured graduates)
• Employable graduates
• The university as a forum
The Global Competitiveness Index and higher The Global Competitiveness Index and higher education and trainingeducation and training
UK
Source: World Economic Forum 2007
HE expenditure as a % of GDP – OECD HE expenditure as a % of GDP – OECD countriescountries
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Australia Canada France Germany Italy Japan UK US
OECD average = 1.4%
Source: OECD Education at a Glance 2006
Expenditure per student (US$), 2003Expenditure per student (US$), 2003
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Australia Canada France Germany Italy Japan UK US
Source: OECD
Public/Private expenditure, 2003Public/Private expenditure, 2003
0102030405060708090
100
Australia Canada France Germany Italy Japan UK US
Public Private
Source: OECD
Index of change in public funding per Index of change in public funding per student (1995-2003) (1995=100)student (1995-2003) (1995=100)
0
50
100
150
200
250
Australia Canada Germany Italy Japan UK US Ireland Spain
Source: OECD, 2006
Percentage of all foreign tertiary students Percentage of all foreign tertiary students enrolled by destinationenrolled by destination
0 5 10 15 20 25
Australia
Canada
France
Germany
Italy
Japan
UK
US
Market Share (%)Source: OECD
Top six countries of destination for foreign Top six countries of destination for foreign students and their regional origin in 2001students and their regional origin in 2001
United States
United Kingdom
Germany France Australia Japan
Africa 29,677
6%
18,134
8%
19,394
10%
75,465
51%
3,837
4%
676
1%
Asia 294,230
62%
74,400
33%
67,658
34%
19,828
13%
77,849
73%
58,170
92%
Europe 69,607
15%
109,454
49%
100,359
50%
41,404
28%
12,763
12%
2,106
3%
North America 49,502
10%
18,564
8%
5,387
3%
5,242
4%
5,477
5%
1.474
2%
Oceania 4,011
0.8%
1,790
0.8%
323
0.2%
200
0.1%
6,534
6%
443
0.7%
South America 28,142
6%
2,926
1.3%
4,265
2%
4,253
3%
920
0.9%
761
1%
Source: OECD Education at a glance 2003May not equal 100% due to rounding
Market shares of English medium Market shares of English medium educationeducation
Country % of world market share
Australia 6.3
Canada 5.0
Ireland 0.5
New Zealand 2.6
UK 11.3
US 21.6
Total 47.3
Demand for LSE Programmes by overseas Demand for LSE Programmes by overseas studentsstudents
Source: LSE Data
5.1 4.5 4.65.65.3
12.413.7
14.6
12.1
14.9
0
5
10
15
20
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
Overseas PG Overseas UG
Applications per place
International staff mobilityInternational staff mobility
UK iUK immigrants and emigrants by world regionImmigrants from….
(% changes 1995-96 to 2002-03 in brackets)
Emigrants to…. (% change 1995-06 to
2002-03 in brackets)
EU 15 (not UK) 1626 (20) 1322 (71)
US 605 (-16) 633 (25)
Other overseas 1440 (35) 1127 (30)
Source: HEPI, 2005
Nobel Prizes by country Nobel Prizes by country
0
50
100
150
200
250
1900-19 1920-39 1940-59 1960-79 1980-99 2000-02
US UK Germany Rest of Europe Japan Rest of World
Source: The Sutton Trust, 2003
Share of research in universities, 2000Share of research in universities, 2000
Source: OECD R&D database
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Australia Canada France Germany Italy UK US OECD
%
Student Completion rates, 2000Student Completion rates, 2000
Percentage of graduates in graduate jobsPercentage of graduates in graduate jobs
12%
12%
14%
27%
35%
Traditional graduateoccupationsModern graduateoccupationsNew graduateoccupationsNiche graduateoccupationsNon-graduateoccupations
Source: Graduate Prospects, 2004
Private internal rates of return for an Private internal rates of return for an individual obtaining a university-level individual obtaining a university-level degreedegreeCountry Males % Females %
Belgium 10.7 15.2
Denmark 8.3 8.1
Finland 16.7 16.0
Hungary 22.6 15.0
Korea 12.2 14.9
New Zealand 9.3 12.9
Norway 12.1 15.7
Sweden 8.9 8.2
Switzerland 10.0 9.8
UK 16.8 19.6
US 14.3 13.1
Public lectures at LSEPublic lectures at LSE
Year No of events No of attendees
2003/4 82 23,254
2004/5 117 33,380
2005/6 137 33,600
Ten largest university endowments, by Ten largest university endowments, by countrycountry
Universities in Global Universities in Global Competition: how well is the UK Competition: how well is the UK
doing?doing?
Howard Davies
Director - London School of Economics
Harkness Fellowship LectureHong Kong Theatre
28 February, 2007
