University of Athens, Physics Department

Section of Nuclear and Particle Physics

& IASA

HEP Workshop, Athens, April 17th 2003 Nikos Giokaris

CDF & TEVATRON STATUSCDF & TEVATRON STATUS

Talk Outline

I. TEVATRON Status

II. CDF Status• Upgraded Detector for RUN II• Detector Performance

III. Physics with CDF at RUN II

IV. Conclusions

Tevatron status – RUN II• RUN II Tevatron operations

started in March 2001– Luminosity goals for run

IIa:• 5-8x1031 cm-2sec-1 w/o

Recycler• 2x1032 cm-2sec-1 with

Recycler

– Achieved:• 4.1x1031 cm-2sec-1 in March

’03• 195 pb-1 delivered until early

April’2003– 148 pb-1 are on tape– 72 pb-1 used for analyses

shown at the Winter conferences

Initial Luminosity

Integr. Luminosity

Delivered

On tape

195 pb-1

148 pb-1

Tevatron status – RUN II• Short term plans:

– Run until October ‘03• Reach luminosity goal

w/o Recycler:– 5-8x1031 cm-2sec-1

– 1-2 months shutdown• Complete Recycler work

– Commission and integrate Recycler during 2003

Integrated Luminosity

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1/1 1/31 3/2 4/1 5/1 5/31 6/30 7/30 8/29 9/28 10/28 11/27 12/27

date

pb

^-1

Delivered luminosity

Planned luminosity

Effect of Oct. shutdown

Extrapolation

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The CDF Collaboration

Totals112 countries 58 institutions 581 physicists

North America Europe Asia3 Natl. Labs28 Universities

1 Universities

1 Research Lab6 Universities1 University

4 Universities

2 Research Labs

1 University

1 University

5 Universities1 Research Lab

1 University

3 Universities

The Upgraded CDF Detector

New

Old

Partially new

Forward muonEndplugcalorimeter Silicon and drift

chamber trackers

Central muonCentral calorimeters

Solenoid

Front endTriggerDAQOffline

TOF

The Upgraded CDF Detector

• Major qualitative improvements over Run 1 detector:

– Whole detector can run up to 132 nsec interbunch

– New full coverage 7-8 layer 3-D Si-tracking up to || ~ 2

– New faster drift chamber with 96 layers

– New TOF system

– New plug calorimeter

– New forward muon system

– New track trigger at Level 1 (XFT)

– New impact parameter trigger at Level 2 (SVT)

• All systems working well

– Silicon and L2 took longer to commission

Forward region restructured

Detector Performance• Silicon detectors:

– Typical S/N ~12

– Alignment in R- good

• R-z ongoing

Details

Detector Performance

• TOF resolution within 10 –20% of design value

– Improving calibrations and corrections

TOFS/N = 2354/93113

S/N = 1942/4517

Detector Performance

• XFT: L1 trigger on tracks

– full design resolutionpT/p2

T = 1.8% (GeV-1)

= 8 mrad

Efficiency curve:XFT cut atPT = 1.5 GeV/cXFT

track

Offline

track

Detector Performance

Secondary VerTex L2 trigger Online fit of primary VtxBeam tilt alignedD resolution as planned

48 m (33 m beam spot transverse size)

8 VME cratesFind tracks inSi in 20 s with offline accuracy

Efficiency

Onlinetrackimpactparam.

=48 m

80%

90%

soon

Detector Performance

• Commissioning:– L00 > 95%– SVXII >

90%– ISL > 80%

• Completing cooling work

% of silicon ladders powered and read-out by silicon system vs. time

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Detector Performance• Trigger:

– Goal rates for L = 2x1032

• L1/L2/L3 = 50,000/300/50 Hz

– Typical now for L ~ 1031

• L1/L2/L3 = 6,000/240/30 Hz

• DAQ

– Logging data at the planned rate of ~ 20 Mbyte/sec

• Offline:

– Data is reconstructed in quasi real time on a dedicated production farm

3962.5

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Physics with CDF-II• Use data to understand the new detector:

– energy scales in calorimeter and tracking systems

– detector calibrations and resolutions

– tune Monte Carlo to data

• Use data to do physics analyses

– Real measurement beyond PR plots

– Quality of standard signatures

– Rates of basic physics signals

– Surprisingly some results are already of relevance in spite of the limited statistics

• In the following brief/incomplete summary of a lot of work

list

EM Calorimeter scale• 638 Z e+e in 10 pb-1

(M) ~ 4 GeV

• Check Z mass in data and simulation after corrections– Central region:

• Mean: +1.2% data, -0.6% sim.• Resolution: +2% simulation

– Forward region (Plug):• Mean: +10/6.6% data, +2.0%

simulation• Resolution: +4% simulation

Central-central

Central-West plug

Central-East plug

NZ = 247

NZ (W+E) = 391

FB asymmetry

Measurements with high Et ±

• Clear evidence of Z +

– Signal shown for OS muons detected in both inner and outer muon chambers

- 57 candidate events in 66<Minv<116 range- NZ = 53.2±7.5 ±2.7

1

2

Measurements with low Et ±

trigger improved– pT

> 2.0 1.5 GeV

> 5° 2.5°

• Observed rates are consistent with expected increase due the lowering of the thresholds

13 pb-1

NoSilicon100k

= 21.6 MeV

Centralmuons only

15 MeV with Silicon

Measurements with jets

• Raw Et only:– Jet 1: ET = 403 GeV– Jet 2: ET = 322 GeV

Jet expectationsRaw jet distributions

Hadronic Energy Scale

• Use J/ muons to measure MIP in hadron calorimeters

– (Run II)/(Run 1) = 0.96±0.05

Gamma-jet balancing to study jet response fb = (pT

jet – pT)/pT

Run Ib (central): fb= -0.1980 ± 0.0017

Run II (central): fb= -0.2379 ± 0.0028 Plug region corrections in progress

centralcalor. Plug regionPlug region

q

g q

Measurements with jets• Jet shapes:

– Narrower at higher ET

– Calorimeter and tracking consistent

– Herwig modeling OK

16 pb-1 used for this study

Measurements with hadronic b triggers

• Hadronic B decays observed– Yield lower than expected (silicon coverage/SVT efficiency > x 3)– S/N better than expected

• Better S/N dilution compensates reduced statistics

#B+ = 56±12

#B = 33±9

B+ D0 +B h+ h

W

• Evidence for typical decay multiplicity in W selections

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Measurements with low Et ±

• More mass plots:– Bd, Bs

Bs

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BdK*0

Hard Physics at Tevatron and LHC• Hadron jets, QCD• W,Z Elecroweak Physics• b-Physics• Top Quark First Studies• Search for the Higgs• Search for the Unknown • Find the Higgs• Find the Unknown• Understand the Top

Quark• QCD and EW

Which Signatures for Hard Physics?1. W, Z large pt leptons, large pt jets, missing Et

2. b, t ~large pt leptons, large pt jets, missing Et

3. Higgs bb, WW, ZZ large pt leptons, large pt jets, missing Et

4. SUSY large pt leptons, large pt jets, missing Et

THE PHYSICS OF LARGE PT LEPTONS, LARGE PT JETS, MISSING ET

ccc

e+

o

K+, +,p,…

Muon detectors

Hadron calorimeter

Electromagnetic calorimeter

1.4 T Solenoid

DriftChamber

SiliconDetector

Ko +-, …etc

Functional Schematic

Time of Flight

RECENT PAST, NEAR FUTUREPAST

• Data-taking of CDF and D0 ended in February 1996

• Integrated luminosity ~ 0.1 fb-1, s = 1.8 TeV

FUTURE

• Run2 started in March 2001 s = 1,98 TeV

• luminosity goals 2 fb-1 by ~ summer 2004, >15 fb-1 by fall 2007

113 GeV 200 GeV

Searching for the Higgs• Over the last decade, the focus

has been on experiments at LEP

• precision measurements of parameters of W/Z, combined with Fermilab`stop quark mass measurements, set an upper limit of mH ~ 200 GeV

• direct searches for Higgs production exclude mH < 113,5 GeV

• Summer and Autumn 2000: Hints of a Higgs– the LEP data may be giving some indication of a Higgs with mass

about 115 GeV (right at the limit of sensitivity)

• All eyes on Fermilab: – until about 2007, we have the playing field to ourselves

CDF+D0 SM Higgs reach in run 2

The standard model works at the 10-3 level and would be completed by the discovery of the Higgs

but there are good reasons to believe that the Higgs is in fact the first window on to a new domain of physics at the electroweak scale

Strong suggestions that the Higgs is not all we are missing

This Higgs boson is unlike any other particle in the SM (no other elementary scalars)

a fundamental scalar would have a mass unstable to radiative corrections (quantum effects): mH would become very large

• mH ~ 1015 GeV,

•unless parameters fine tuned at the level of 1 part in 1026

the patterns of the fundamental particles suggest a deeper structure

the SM looks like a low energy approximation to something larger

Theoretically the most attractive option is supersymmetry

Beyond the Standard Model Higgs

Complementarity with LHC• The Physics goals of the Tevatron and the LHC are not very different, but the

discovery reach of the LHC is much greater

– SM Higgs:

• Tevatron < 180 GeV LHC < 1 TeV

– SUSY (squark/gluon masses)

• Tevatron < 400 GeV LHC < 2 TeV

• Despite the limited reach, the Tevatron has a great chancesince Higgs and SUSY “ought to be” light and within reach

• AND TEVATRON COMES MUCH EARLIER!

• For Standard Model physics systematics may dominate:

– Top mass precision

• Tevatron ~ 2 GeV LHC ~ 1 GeV?

– mW precision

• Tevatron ~ 20 MeV? LHC ~ 20 MeV?

University of Athens Participation

UoA is not a full CDF member yet

V. Giakoumopoulou

A. Manousakis

N. Giokaris

one Post-Doc (EC-RTN program)

are CDF members through Joint Institute for Nuclear Research - Dubna

Our main Physics InterestStudy of top quark properties

• Checks on Standard Model

• Accurate measurement of top quark mass better localization of the SM Higgs mass

Conclusions

• The CDF detector is fully functional and accumulating proton anti-proton data

• Tevatron is moving toward reaching performance goals

• Understanding of detector is advanced

• Ready to exploit full Tevatron potential as luminosity increases