University of NottinghamSchool of History

2010-11Full Year

Level One (20 Credits)

V11219

INTRODUCTION TO THE MEDIEVAL

WORLD, 500-1500

LIST OF CONTENTSWelcome 2Teaching staff and how to contact us 2-3Aims and Learning Outcomes 3Teaching methods and module structure 4Assessment methods 5Lecture and seminar programme 6-7Finding reading and primary sources 8-9 Bibliography

Buying books for this module 8How to read for seminars, lectures, essays and exam 9-10Abbreviations 10Reading by seminar topic 11-27Reference works 27-28

Essay questions 28-30Guidance on how to prepare for essays and the examination30-32

WELCOMEMost history students, when applying to university, say they want to widen their knowledge of the past. As a School we take you at your word, teaching history from AD 500 onwards. This module introduces you to Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1500), a period in which Nottingham University has a distinguished tradition, built up by Jim Holt, Donald Bullough, Robert Markus, Bernard Hamilton and Michael Jones, and continued, we hope, by ourselves. The period covered by the module runs from the end of the Roman Empire in the west to the Renaissance. The legacy of this period is still with us: disputed notions of what constitutes European ‘unity’; profound divisions between West and East (and North and South); clashes between Christian and non-Christian cultures, especially

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Judaism and Islam. The module will introduce you to current historical debates and to a range of primary sources, in English translation, which will allow you to test your existing critical skills on unfamiliar and challenging material; in this respect it links effectively with the Learning History module. We hope that you will enjoy learning about this distant but formative period of European history, highly relevant to many of the dramatic changes taking place in Europe and the wider world today. If you do, remember that you can continue to study it throughout your time here.

TEACHING STAFF AND HOW TO CONTACT USThe module is taught by Dr Gwilym Dodd (Convenor), Dr Rob Lutton, Dr Julia Barrow, Dr Claire Taylor and Dr Richard Goddard who are based full-time in the School of History and who give most of the lectures.

Our seminar tutors are, Dr Morn Capper, Alan Kissane, Dr Anna Rich Abad, Dr Peter Russell, Matt Ward and Marianne Wilson. You should ask the tutor who takes you for seminars if you have any questions about the module. Make sure you know their email address and office hours: you will find these posted on the staff notice board in the corridor next to the student pigeonholes.

If you have an urgent question contact the module convenor. Please give us plenty of time to respond to emails, and note that you must use your University Groupwise account. This is a university guideline, to help stop the spread of viruses. Staff reserve the right not to read your email otherwise.

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AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMESThe module bridges the gap between school/college history, where this period is rarely studied in depth, and work at university level, where this subject has proved one of the most dynamic in recent years.

It is arranged around five ‘big’ historical themes: politics, approaches to evidence, social history, economic history and cultural developments. You will be dealing with similar themes in other first year history modules. The themes are studied in lectures and seminars, but you must back these up with a great deal of further reading of your own.

You will find out why historians research this distant time period, the controversies they are involved in and what the wider relevance of their research is.

You will read some first hand evidence from the period in English translation, to help you make up your own mind about the debates.

This module intersects with the Year One module Learning History, which will help you with writing (essay, exam) and speaking skills (seminars and presentations). You will develop your skills as a member of a team: in seminars, work together with your class-mates while discussing issues, and make sure that you contribute to discussion. Again, put into practice what you learn on Learning History. It also provides useful preparation for Year Two modules in medieval history.

The module requires some (very basic) use of IT: essays must be word-processed; you must be able to use the UNLOC library catalogue and its electronic gateway; you should be able to use email to contact your tutor; you should be able to make use of materials on the Web (note: these should be sites attributed to named authors and providing references to sources).

TEACHING METHODS AND MODULE STRUCTURE

i. LECTURES Each of the five ‘big’ themes is introduced in lectures, which last about fifty minutes, beginning on the hour and ending at ten minutes to the hour. These are targeted at newcomers to the subject. Lectures will be given by Dr Barrow, Dr Dodd, Dr Goddard, Dr Lutton, and Dr Taylor. You are expected to attend lectures, as they form the backbone of the module. We

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certainly expect to see all of you at the first lecture, at which the module will be introduced.

ii. SEMINARS. Each theme is studied in more depth in seminars. Each student attends 10 fortnightly seminars, each lasting one hour and run by one of the tutors. Attendance at these is compulsory (see Notes for Guidance, and see also below under Assessment Methods for further information). Seminar classes consist of about 12/15 students each and are informal discussions. The first seminar will be an introductory meeting and the remainder will address aspects of the five ‘big’ themes in greater detail. The times and places of seminars will be posted on the Year One noticeboard. You MAY NOT change seminar groups without the permission of the convenor.

NB. The School of History does not tolerate mobile phones being used for calls or texting during lectures or seminars. You will find that lecturers and tutors react very strongly indeed to any lack of consideration on the part of students for the learning and teaching of others.

iii. PERSONAL CONSULTATION. You may wish to ask advice about your choice of essay title, how to plan your essay, or what reading to do for it. If so, contact your seminar tutor in their office hours or by email if you prefer.

iv. PERSONAL STUDY. Your own reading is crucial to success in this as in other modules. For your written work you will be left far more to your own devices than you have been hitherto. This is part of making you more responsible for your own learning and more confident with it (the principles of ‘active learning’ introduced to you on the Learning History module). You are expected to spend about FIVE hours a week reading to support lecture notes and to prepare for seminars and essays on this module.

IMPORTANT NOTEThis module is supported by a WebCT site, accessible via the Intranet Portal, which contains additional reading for lectures and essays, lecture handouts and other resources. It is essential that you make regular use of this.

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ASSESSMENT METHODSTwo ESSAYS, each 2000 words in length, together accounting for 50% of the overall module mark. You may choose any two of the essay questions in this handbook. See the section at the end of the handbook about how to prepare for essays. One EXAMINATION, lasting TWO hours and requiring you to attempt TWO essay questions and ONE gobbet exercise, accounting for 40% of the overall module mark. The examination will take place in May/June. See the section at the end of the handbook about how to prepare for the examination.

SEMINAR PERFORMANCE, accounting for 10% of the overall module mark. The 10% will be split into two distinct categories: 5% for performance and 5% for attendance. To achieve full marks for performance, students must prepare effectively for classes, make excellent and constructive contributions and must give an excellent presentation. The expectation is that each student should give at least one presentation at some point in the module. On attendance, either 5% or 0% will be awarded depending on whether attendance is deemed to be satisfactory or unsatisfactory. Students will be allowed a maximum of TWO absences for the whole module before their attendance is deemed unsatisfactory. All absences should be explained by email to the tutor within 24 hours of the missed seminar. If students wish to claim Extenuating Circumstances for any absences after the first two absences they must do so with documented evidence, to be supplied to the Year One Examinations Officer: see Notes for Guidance for advice about claiming Extenuating Circumstances.

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LECTURE AND SEMINAR PROGRAMME

Lecture One – Introduction (RMG, RL, CT, GD) Lecture Two – Early Medieval Kingdoms (CT)

Seminar One: Introductory seminar (relates to Lecture One); Lecture Three – Carolingians, Vikings and Ottonians (c.800-c.1000) (JSB) Lecture Four – Law and war: kings and lords c.1000-1215 (JSB)

Seminar Two: EITHER Gregory of Tours, Clovis and Early Frankish Kingship (relates to Lecture Two)OR Carolingian Politics (relates to Lecture Three);

Lecture Five – Families and Households 500-1500 (JSB) Lecture Six – Economy I (500-1200) (RMG)

Seminar Three:EITHER Anglo-Saxon Families (relates to Lecture Five)OR Vikings and Slaves (relates to Lecture Three and to Lecture Six);

Lecture Seven – Religious Life and Authority 500-1200 (JSB)

Directed Studies Week 15-19 NovLecture Eight – Learning and Writing about the Middle Ages (RL)

Seminar Four:EITHER Saints’ Cults (relates to Lecture Seven)OR Abelard and Heloise (relates to Lecture Seven and Lecture Five);

Lecture Nine – Crusades (CT) Lecture Ten – Medievalism (RL)

Seminar Five:EITHER Crusaders and their Motives in the First Crusade (links to Lecture Nine)OR The Fourth Crusade: the Sack of Constantinople (links to Lecture Nine);

Christmas Vacation

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LECTURE AND SEMINAR PROGRAMME CONTINUED

Lecture Eleven – Kingship and Monarchy (GD)Lecture Twelve – The Later Medieval Church (RL)

Seminar Six:EITHER Crisis of Authority: Magna Carta (links to Lecture Eleven)OR Crisis of Authority: Late Medieval Kingship (links to Lecture Eleven);

Lecture Thirteen – The Hundred Years War (GD) Lecture Fourteen – The Black Death (RMG)

Seminar Seven:EITHER The Hundred Years War (links to Lecture Thirteen)OR Chivalry and Medieval Warfare (links to Lecture Thirteen);

Lecture Fifteen – Economy II (1200-1500) (RMG) Lecture Sixteen – Popular Religion, Heresy and Anti-Clericalism (CT)

Seminar Eight:EITHER The Impact of the Black Death (relates to Lectures Fourteen and Fifteen)OR Xenophobia: the Black Death and Intolerance (relates to Lectures Fourteen and Fifteen);

Lecture Seventeen – The Development of the State (GD) Lecture Eighteen – Popular Rebellion (RL, RMG GD)

Seminar Nine:EITHER Anticlericalism and the Lollards (relates to Lectures Sixteen and Seventeen)OR Popular Rebellion (on one of three case studies: the Jacquerie, the Ciompi or the Peasants’ Revolt) (relates to Lecture Eighteen);

Lecture Nineteen – Medieval Evidence (500-1500) (JSB, RMG, RL, CT & GD) No lecture

Seminar Ten:The Variety of Sources (relates to Lecture Nineteen);

Easter Vacation 4 April – 1 May

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FINDING READING AND PRIMARY SOURCES

Electronic learning resources: using the Web and e-journals (necessary for ALL students on this module)

There is a WebCT site for this module, accessible via the Intranet Portal. It has copies of lecture handouts and other useful information including general and further reading for lectures, seminars and essays. It is essential that you make regular use of this site.

Your main information resources are the UNIVERSITY LIBRARY and the UNIVERSITY INTRANET PORTAL.

On the first page of the website you will see:

LIBRARY ONLINE CATALOGUE – for printed books and journals, but also direct links to e-journals and e-books.

eLibrary Gateway (for ELECTRONIC JOURNALS – where you will find journal articles available to be read or downloaded over the Web) and

SUBJECT RESOURCES – links to useful websites.

For this module, the key SEMINAR READING will be accessible electronically as:

ARTICLES FROM VARIOUS ELECTRONIC JOURNALS (e.g. Early Medieval Europe, History, Past and Present)Some of the journal titles are abbreviated in this handbook: see the list of abbreviations below. These journals are also available in hard copy – but only one copy and so you will have to use on-line resources.

Select ‘Intranet Portal’ from the University web site > Log in with your username and password > Click the library tab > Search: Journal titles > enter the full name of the journal > on the results page click on the electronic version. You will be presented with a choice of systems (e.g. Swetswise, Ingenta, JStor) through which access to the journal is possible.

SCANNED CHAPTERS FROM BOOKSIn some cases chapters from books have been scanned and can be accessed on-line from the on-line version of this reading list. These

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chapters are identified ‘(scanned chapter/article*)’ in the bibliography below. Select ‘Intranet Portal’ from the University web site > Log in with your username and password > Click the library tab > select ‘Reading Lists’ > search by module code (V11219) or name (Introduction to the Medieval World).

KEY PRIMARY SOURCES IN TRANSLATION – accessible via the SUBJECT RESOURCES pages:

Select ‘Intranet Portal’ from the University web site > Log in with your username and password > Click the library tab > Click on: Launch eLibrary Gateway> enter university user name and password> Browse by subject category: select ‘Arts and Humanities’>select ‘Medieval Studies’ > then scroll for the appropriate link – either Medieval Sourcesonline (also accessible as http://www.medievalsources.co.uk or the Internet Medieval Sourcebook (which is also accessible via Medieval Sourcesonline and at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook.html ).

Also useful is the website HISTORY COMPASS, set up by Blackwell Wiley publishers. Here you will be able to read about new developments in all areas of history: http://www.history-compass.com

BIBLIOGRAPHYBUYING BOOKS FOR THIS MODULEYou may find it useful to have two or three of the following books on your desk: remember around 250 students may be after the library copies! The first two items are overviews of the whole period of the module; thereafter the books listed cover shorter periods. The final two items cover the later middle ages, which we will be dealing with in the New Year.

G. Holmes, The Oxford Illustrated History of Medieval Europe (Oxford, 1988, repr. 2001). Also in Library at D102.O9

B. H. Rosenwein, A Short History of the Middle Ages, 2nd edn (Broadview Press, 2004). Also in Library at D117.A3.R6

M. Innes, Introduction to Early Medieval Western Europe, 300-900. The Sword, the Plough and the Book (London, 2007) D121.I6

R. McKitterick, ed. The Early Middle Ages: Europe 400-1000 (Oxford, 2001) D121.M3

D. Power, ed. The Central Middle Ages: Europe 950-1320 (Oxford, 2006) D200.C4

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R. Bartlett, The Making of Europe: Conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change 950-1350 (London, 1994). D200.B2

D. Waley, Later Medieval Europe, 1250-1520 3rd edn, with Peter Denley, 2001 D202.W2

J. Watts, The Making of Polities, Europe, 1300-1500 (Cambridge, 2009)M. Barber, The Two Cities: Medieval Europe 1050-1320 (1993) D117.B2 [NB this has been ordered for the library as an E-BOOK]

Along with several of the ‘further general books’ listed on the module WebCT site these can be bought in Blackwell’s Bookshop on the University campus, or from Waterstone’s in town or on-line

See the module WebCT site for further general books organised by Autumn and Spring semesters.

HOW TO READ FOR LECTURES, SEMINARS, ESSAYS AND EXAM

Under each seminar there is at least one primary source that is available to download. Everyone must read the primary source/s prior to the seminar and bring copies.

Secondary reading (books and journal articles written by historians) is organised as follows:

E-Journals: these are articles in journals or scanned chapters from books that are available on-line via the eLibrary Gateway.

General reading: there is generally one item listed, sometimes two. This provides a quick overview of the topic. Should you want to read further general items you will need to consult the ‘General Reading by Lecture’ document on the module WebCT site. Use the lecture and seminar schedule above (pp. 6-7) to check which lectures are relevant to the seminar topic.

Further reading: under some seminars further secondary reading is listed to enable you to dig deeper into the topic for the seminar.

Essay reading: for additional reading for essay questions see ‘Additional Reading by Essay Question’ on the module WebCT site.

You DO NOT need to read everything. Note that the loan period for library books is automatically shortened if numerous requests for an item are made, so if an item you need is out on loan put in a request for it.

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ABBREVIATIONS USED HERE:AHR – American Historical Review Per D; available as e-journalAJS Review: Association of Jewish Studies ReviewEME – Early Medieval Europe Per D; available as e-journal from 1997G&H – Gender & History; available as e-journalJEH – Journal of Ecclesiastical History; available as e-journal from 1998JMH – Journal of Medieval History Per D; available as e-journalNCMH – New Cambridge Medieval History, vol i, c.500-c.700, ed. P. Fouracre; vol ii, c.700-c.900, ed. R. McKitterick; vol iii, c.900-c.1024, ed. T. Reuter; vol iv (in two parts, the first dealing with social and cultural themes and the Crusades and the second dealing with political history), c.1024-c.1198, ed. D.E. Luscombe and J. Riley-Smith; vol v, c.1198-c.1300, ed. D. Abulafia; vol vi, c.1300-1415, ed. M.C.E. Jones and vol. vii, c.1415-1500, ed. C. Allmand (Cambridge, 1995-2005) D117.C3PP – Past and Present Per D; available as e-journalSCH – Studies in Church History BR140.S8 (conference proceedings, not a periodical)TRHS – Transactions of the Royal Historical Society Per D; available as e-journal on J-Stor down to 2002Shelfmarks: you will find books by their shelfmark (such as D201.B7: go to the section ‘D’ on Level 4 of the Hallward Library)

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READING BY SEMINAR

Seminar One – Introduction Everyone should do the following prior to the seminar:On the UNLOC catalogue, look up <Medieval Sourcesonline>; then find P. Fouracre and R. Gerberding, Late Merovingian France; then find Vita Domnae Balthildis 1, chapters 2-3 (pp. 119-21). The Clovis whom Balthild married was Clovis II (died 657), a descendant of the Clovis discussed in Seminar 2(a).

General reading (also relevant to Lecture One):Any of the items listed above under ‘Buying Books’ and ‘Further General Books’ (on WebCT)You might find the following of particular use:R. Bartlett, The Making of Europe, chapter 3 (on fortifications)J. Le Goff, Medieval Civilization, chapter 7 (on material culture)J.M.H. Smith, Europe after Rome, chapter 1 (on literacy)

[NB - Goff’s Introduction to Medieval Callings (Chicago, 1987), pp. 1-35, available from Jan 1 2011 as a scanned article

Seminar Two (a) Gregory of Tours, Clovis and Early Frankish Kingship

Electronic primary source: Gregory of Tours, Ten Books of Histories (also known as the History of the Franks). Selections from Book 2 (conversion of Clovis): Internet Medieval Sourcebook>Early Germans (in green menu on left hand side)>non-Christian Germans>‘the Conversion of Clovis’.

E-journals: D. Shanzer, ‘Dating the baptism of Clovis: the bishop of Vienne vs.

the bishop of Tours’ EME 7 (1998), 29-57. Hard going but important – think about how Shanzer uses evidence.

Y. Hen, ‘The uses of the Bible and the perception of kingship in Merovingian Gaul’, EME 7 (1998), 277-289. Useful overlap with Shanzer on Clovis.

A. Keely, ‘Arians and Jews in the Histories of Gregory of Tours’, JMH 23 (1997), 103-115. Think about how this essay relates to Hen’s views.

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General reading:R. McKitterick, ed. The Early Middle Ages D121.M3, pp. 9-14, 21-

32 [pp. 21-56 are available as a scanned chapter* via the Library portal]

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Two in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

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Seminar Two (b) Carolingian politics

Electronic primary sources:1) J. Nelson, tr. Annals of St Bertin (1991) DC70.A2 Medieval

Sourcesonline. Look up the entries for the years 880-882 (for comparison with Maclean’s article on Boso).

2) T. Reuter, tr. Annals of Fulda. Medieval Sourcesonline. Look up entry for 882 (to compare with Annals of St. Bertin).

E-journals: S. MacLean, ‘The Carolingian response to the revolt of Boso, 879–

887’, EME 10 (2001), 21-48. Looks at the ‘collapse’ of Carolingian power.

S. MacLean, ‘Queenship, Nunneries and Royal Widowhood in Carolingian Europe’, PP 178 (2003), pp. 3-38. Deals with the power of royal women.

G.V.B. West, ‘Charlemagne’s involvement in central and southern Italy: power and the limits of authority’, EME 8 (1999), 341-367. Looks at the limits to Charlemagne’s power in sourthern Italy (including Montecassino and San Vincenzo al Volturno).

E. Screen, ‘The importance of the emperor: Lothar I and the Frankish civil war 840-843’, EME 12.1 (2003), 25-51.

General reading:R. McKitterick, ed. The Early Middle Ages D121.M3, pp. 16-19, 36-

53 [pp. 21-56 are available as a scanned chapter* via the library portal]

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Three in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Three (a): Anglo-Saxon Families

Electronic primary source: Internet Medieval Sourcebook>Sex and gender>Marriage>Law and Marriage>‘Council Legislation on Marriages’

E-journals:A. Wareham, ‘The transformation of kinship and the family in late

Anglo-Saxon England’, EME, 10 (2001), 375-99. Looks at how

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the patronage of monasteries helped lay families to ‘define themselves’.

H. Moisl, ‘Anglo-Saxon royal genealogies and Germanic oral tradition’, JMH, 7 (1981), 215-48. Looks at an important source for family consciousness among royal families.

General reading:H. Fichtenau, Living in the Tenth Century D127.F4, ch. 4 (Scanned

chapter*) and ch. 5

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Five in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

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Seminar Three (b): Vikings and Slaves

Electronic primary source: Internet Medieval Sourcebook>10th C Collapse>External Attacks>Ibn Fadlan, Risala(This should be backed up with the excellent commentary by J. Jesch in her Women in the Viking Age 1991, 119-23 DL65.J4)

E-journal:D. Pelteret, ‘The image of the slave in some Anglo-Saxon and Norse sources’, Slavery and Abolition, 23 (2002), 75-90

Hard copy:R. M. Karras, Slavery and Society in Medieval Scandinavia 1988

DL33.S5R. M. Karras, ‘Concubinage and slavery in the Viking age’,

Scandinavian Studies, 60 (1990): available as photocopy in Short Loan

P. Holm, ‘The slave trade of Dublin, ninth to twelfth centuries’, Peritia, 5 (1986): available as photocopy in Short Loan

D. Pelteret, ‘Slavery in the Danelaw’, in R. Samson, Social Approaches to Viking Studies 1991 HN540.S2

More on early medieval slavery in general:B. Lewis, Race and Slavery in the Middle East 1990 HT1316.L4M. McCormick, ‘New Light on the “Dark Ages”: How the Slave

Trade Fuelled the Carolingian Economy’, PP, 177 (2002), 17-54D. Pelteret, Slavery in Early Medieval England: from the Reign of

Alfred until the Twelfth Century 1995 A152.2.P4D. Pelteret, ‘Slave raiding and slave trading in early England’,

Anglo-Saxon England, 9 (1981), 99-114T. Reuter, ‘Plunder and tribute in the Carolingian empire’, TRHS,

5th ser., 35 (1985)R. Samson, ‘The end of early medieval slavery’, in A.J. Frantzen and

D. Moffat, ed. The Work of Work: Servitude, Slavery and Labor in Medieval England 1994, 95-124 DA185.W6

For additional general reading see the lists under Lectures Three and Six in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Four (a): Saints’ Cults

Electronic primary sources:

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1) Internet Medieval Sourcebook > Medieval Church> Saints and Relics, especially Guibert de Nogent, On Saints and Their Relics.

2) P. Fouracre and R. Gerberding, Late Merovingian France, Manchester Medieval Sources on-line http://www.medievalsources.co.uk/merovingian.htm

E-journals/resoures:Robert Bartlett, ‘Rewriting saints’ Lives: the case of Gerald of

Wales’, Speculum, 58 (1983), 598-613Catherine Cubitt, ‘Sites and sanctity: revisiting the cult of

murdered and martyred Anglo-Saxon royal saints’, EME, 9 (2000)

Catherine Cubitt, ‘Memory and narrative in the cult of early Anglo-Saxon saints’, in Y. Hen and M. Innes, ed. The Uses of the Past in the Early Middle Ages 2002 e-book

A. Thacker and R. Sharpe, ed. Local Saints and Local Churches 2002 BX4659.E85.L6, esp. ch. by Cubitt, ‘Universal and local saints in Anglo-Saxon England’ (scanned chapter*)

Paul Fouracre, ‘Merovingian history and Merovingian hagiography’, PP, 127 (1990), 3-38

Paul Hayward, ‘An absent father: Eadmer, Goscelin and the cult of St Peter, the first abbot of St Augustine’s Abbey, Canterbury’, JMH, 29 (2003)

Paul Hayward, ‘Gregory the Great as “Apostle of the English” in Post-Conquest Canterbury’, JEH, 55, 2004

Julia Smith, ‘The problem of female sanctity in Carolingian Europe c.780-920’, PP, 146 (1995), 3-37

Julia M.H. Smith, ‘Oral and written: saints, miracles and relics in Brittany, c.850-1250’, Speculum 60 (1990), 309-43

Alan Thacker, ‘Memorializing Gregory the Great’, EME 1998

Further reading:S. A. Farmer, Communities of Saint Martin: legend and ritual in

medieval Tours (1991)

General reading:M. De Jong, ‘Religion’ in R. McKitterick, ed. The Early Middle Ages

D121.M3

For additional general reading see the lists under Lecture Seven in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Four (b): Abelard and Heloise

Electronic primary source:

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Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Selected Sources > Intellectual life> 11th and 12th century thought> Abelard and Heloise> Tierney, Abelard, History of My Calamities

E-book:C. J. Mews, Abelard and Heloise 2005 (also at B765.A24.M4)

E-journal: M. M. McLaughlin, ‘Abelard as autobiographer: the motives and meaning of his Story of Calamities’, Speculum, 42 (1967), 463-88

Hard copy: The Letters of Abelard and Heloise, tr. B. Radice, rev. edn by M.

Clanchy 2003 B765.A24.A4. Excellent introduction and commentary by Clanchy

M. Clanchy, Abelard: a Medieval Life 1997 B765.A2.C5T. G. Waldman, ‘Abbot Suger and the nuns of Argenteuil’, Traditio,

41 (1985), 239-72 PER DAbelard and Heloise: the letters and other writings translated by

W. Levitan, S. Lombardo and by B. Thorburn (2007) B765.A21.L4

General reading:J. Barrow , ‘Religion’ in D. Power, ed. The Central Middle Ages:

Europe 950–1320 (2006), pp. 121–48 (D200.C4) (E-BOOK*)A. S. Abulafia, ‘Intellectual and cultural creativity’, in D. Power, ed.

The Central Middle Ages: Europe 950–1320 (2006), pp. 149–77 (D200.C4) (E-BOOK*)

For additional general reading see the lists under Lectures Seven and Five in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Five (a): Crusaders and their Motives in the First Crusade

Electronic primary sources:1) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Selected Sources > The

Crusades> The First Crusade> ‘Urban II’s Speech’ and ‘Attacks on the Jews’

2) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Selected Sources > Byzantium> Byzantine Imperial Centuries (843-1204)> The Komnenoi> The

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Alexiad Books 10 and 11 on the crusades> ‘The Arrival of the Crusaders’ and ‘Bad Manners of a Crusading Prince’

Complete text of The Alexiad of Anna Comnena also on Internet Medieval Sourcebook at: The Alexiad of Anna ComnenaE-journals:T. N. Bisson, ‘The Organized Peace in Southern France and Catalonia, ca. 1140-ca.1233’, AHR 82: 2 (1977): 290-311 P. Charanis, ‘A Greek Source on the Origin of the First Crusade’,

Speculum 24:1. (1949):  93-94J. A. Brundage, ‘Adhemar of Puy. The Bishop and his Critics’,

Speculum 34 (1959)C. Cahen, ‘An Introduction to the First Crusade’, PP 6 (1954): 6-30 H. E. J. Cowdrey, ‘The Peace and Truce of God in the Eleventh

Century’, PP 46 (1970), 42-67F. Duncalf, ‘The Peasants Crusade’ AHR, 26 (1921): 440-53T. Head, ‘The Development of the Peace of God in Aquitaine (970-

1006)’, Speculum 74 (1999): 656-86A. C. Krey, ‘Urban's Crusade: Success or Failure?’, AHR 53 (1948):

235-50D. C. Munro, ‘The Speech of Urban II at Clermont’, AHR 11 (1906),

231-40D. C. Munro, ‘Did the Emperor Alexius Ask for Aid at the Council of

Piacenza 1095?’, AHR 27 (1922)D. Malkiel, ‘The underclass in the first crusade: a historiographical

trend’, JMH 28 (2002), 169-197C.T. Maier, ‘The role of women in the crusade movement, a survey’,

JMH 30, 2004, pp. 61-82

Further reading:M. G. Bull, Knightly Piety and the Lay Response to the First Crusade

BR844.B8M. G. Bull, ‘The pilgrimage origins of the First Crusade’, History

Today, 47, no. 3 (March 1997) Per DN. Cohn, The Pursuit of the Millennium; Revolutionary Millenarians

and Mystical Anarchists of the Middle Ages. Rev. and expanded ed. (1970) BR253.C6

H. E. J. Cowdrey, Popes, Monks and Crusaders 1984 BR162.2.C6 A. C. Krey, The First Crusade. Accounts of Eye-Witnesses 1958

D161.1.K7 J. Phillips, ‘Who were the First Crusaders?’, History Today, 47, no. 3

(March, 1997) J. Riley-Smith, ‘The First Crusade and the Persecution of the Jews’,

SCH 21 (1984)J. and L. Riley-Smith, The Crusades. Ideal and Reality 1981 D151.R4 G. Rodgers, ‘Peter Bartholomew and the role of “the poor” in the

First Crusade’ in T. Reuter, ed. Warriors and Churchmen in the High Middle Ages 1992 D133.W2.

K. M. Setton, gen. ed., A History of the Crusades, vol. i, The First Hundred Years 2nd ed. 1969 D157.S4

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D. Malkiel, Reconstructing Askenaz. The human face of Franco-German Jewry, 1000-1250 (2009) [copy ordered for the library]

General reading:N. Berend, ‘The expansion of Latin Christendom’, in D. Power, ed.

The Central Middle Ages D200.C4 at pp. 194-206 (E-BOOK*)C. Tyerman, God’s War (2007) [2 copies on order for library and

should also be available as an e-Book]

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Eight in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Five (b): The Fourth Crusade: the Sack of Constantinople

Electronic primary source:Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Selected Sources> The Crusades> The Fourth Crusade 1204: Collected Sources> III: The Diversion to Constantinople> Texts by Robert of Clari and Geoffrey of Villehardouin

Additional electronic primary source:http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/1204.html (this includes a source by Nicetas Chroniates

which provides a Byzantine perspective)E. Peters, Christian Society and the Crusades, 1198-1229: Sources

in Translation (1971) [NB this has been ordered for the library as an E-BOOK]

Other Sources to look at:Geoffrey of Villehardouin, ‘The Conquest of Constantinople’, in M.

Shaw, ed. and trans. Joinville and Villehardouin, 1963 D151.S4 Robert of Clari, The Conquest of Constantinople, 1966 PQ1516.R2

E-journals:M. Angold, ‘The road to 1204: the Byzantine background to the

Fourth Crusade’, JMH 25 (1999), 257-278D. E. Queller, T. K. Compton and D. A. Campbell, ‘The Fourth

Crusade: the neglected majority’, Speculum, 49 (1974)

E-book:Wolff, R. L. and Hazard, H. W., The Later Crusades, which is vol. 2 of Setton, K. M. et al., A History of the Crusades, 2nd edn, 5 vols, 1955, DA157.S4, chs. 4, 5 & 6, and at

20

http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/History/subcollections/HistCrusadesAbout.html

Further reading: J. Harris, Byzantium and the Crusades, 2003 D157.H2N. Housley, The Crusaders, 2002 D157.H6D. Jacoby, ‘The Latin Empire of Constantinople’ in NCMH, v D. M. Nicol, ‘The Fourth Crusade and the Greek and Latin Empires’, in NCMH, iv D. E. Queller, Medieval diplomacy and the Fourth Crusade, 1980 D131.Q4J. Burrow, A History of Histories (2007), material on Geoffrey of

Villehardouin.T. E. Gregory, A History of Byzantium (2005).Hendy, ‘Byzantium, 1081-1204’, in Jotischky (ed.) The Crusades,

vol. 1.J. Longnon, ‘The Frankish States in Greece’, in Setton, Crusades, II,

235-74.T. Madden, (ed.), The Fourth Crusade: Events, Aftermath and

Perceptions (2008).E. H. McNeal, and R. L. Wolff, ‘The Fourth Crusade’, Setton,

Crusades, II, 153-185.D. E. Queller, The Fourth Crusade: the Conquest of Constantinople,

1201-1204 (1978)D. E. Queller, and T. F. Madden, The Fourth Crusade 2nd edn (1999)

[4 copies ordered for library]Jotischky (ed.) The Crusades: Critical Concepts in Historical

Studies (2008), vol. 3.M. Angold, The Byzantine Empire, 1025-1204: a political

history 2nd edn (1997)

General reading:N. Berend, ‘The expansion of Latin Christendom’, in D. Power, ed.

The Central Middle Ages D200.C4 at pp. 194-206 (scanned chapter*)

C. Tyerman, God’s War (2007) [2 copies on order for library and should also be available as an e-Book]

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Eight in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Six (a): Crisis of Authority: Magna CartaElectronic primary source:

21

1) http://www.bl.uk/treasures/magnacarta/translation/mc_trans.html

E-journals/resources:R. H. Helmholz, 'Magna Carta and the ius commune'. University of

Chicago Law Review, 66:2 (1999), 297-371J. Holt, ‘The barons and the Great Charter’ English Historical

Review, 70 (1955), 1-24J. R. Maddicott, ‘Magna Carta and the local community 1215-1259’

Past & Present, 102 (1984), 25-65E. Miller, ‘The background of Magna Carta’, Past & Present, 23

(1962), 72-83 R. Turner, ‘King John's concept of royal authority’ History of

Political Thought, 17 (1996), 157-78C. Valente, The Theory and Practice of Revolt in Medieval England

(Aldershot, 2003), ch. 3 DA175.V2 (scanned chapter*)

K. Faulkner, 'The knights in the Magna Carta civil war'. In M. Prestwich R. Britnell and R. Frame (ed.), Thirteenth Century England VIII (Proceedings of the Durham Conference, 1999) (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2001), 1-12. DA225.T4 (scanned chapter*)

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: entry on King John. Available as an online source via the Intranet Portal.

Further reading:C. Breay, Magna Carta: Manuscripts and Myths (London, 2002)

JN147.B7J. Holt, Magna Carta and medieval government (London, 1985)

JN147.H6J. Holt, Magna Carta (Cambridge, 1992) JN147.H6J. Holt, The Northerners: a Study in the Reign of King John (Oxford,

1961) DA208.H6J. A. P. Jones, King John and Magna Carta (Harlow, 1971),

DA208.J6F. Thompson, Magna Carta : its role in the making of the English

constitution 1300-1629 (Minneapolis, 1948) JN147.T4

R. V. Turner, King John (1994), chs 7 & 8W. L. Warren, King John (1961), chs 7 & 8

General reading:F. Barlow, The Feudal Kingdom of England (1988), ch. 10 (scanned chapter*)M. T. Clanchy, England and its Rulers (1998), ch. 8 (scanned chapter*)

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Eleven in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

22

Seminar Six (b): Crisis of Authority: Late Medieval Kingship

Electronic primary source: Medieval sources online> Chronicles of the Revolution, ed. C. Given-Wilson> 17. The Record and the Process> pp. 172-84; see also ibid., Introduction, pp. 32-52 for commentary.

Hard copy: Chronicles of the Revolution, ed. C. Given-Wilson, 1993, 32-52 and 172-84 DA235.C4

E-journal/resoures:C. Barron, ‘The tyranny of Richard II’, Bulletin of the Institute of

Historical Research, 41 (1968), 1-18C. Given-Wilson, ‘Richard II, Edward II, and the Lancastrian

Inheritance’, EHR 109 (1994)C. Barron, ‘The deposition of Richard II’, in J. Taylor and W. Childs,

ed. Politics and Crisis in Fourteenth Century England 1990 (scanned chapter*)

B. Wilkinson, ‘The deposition of Richard II and the Accession of Henry IV’, in Historical Studies of the English Parliament, I: Origins to 1399, ed. E.B. Fryde and E. Miller, 1970, 329-53 JN508.F7 (scanned chapter*)

N. Saul, ‘The Kingship of Richard II’, in Richard II: the art of kingship, ed. A. Goodman and J. Gillespie (1999) DA235.R4 (scanned chapter*)

C. Barron, ‘The Reign of Richard II’, in M. Jones, ed. The New Cambridge Medieval History VI: 1300-c. 1415 D117.C3 (scanned chapter*)

Further reading:

C. Barron, ‘The art of kingship: Richard II 1377-99’, History Today, 35 (June, 1985), 30-7

M. Bennett, Richard II and the Revolution of 1399 1999, ch. 8 DA235.B4

J. Sumption, Hundred Years War III; Divided Houses (2009) [3 copies ordered for library]

General reading:B. Guenée, States and Rulers in Later Medieval Europe 1985 D202G8 12

23

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Eleven in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Seven (a): The Hundred Years War

Electronic primary sources:1) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> France> Hundred Years War>

Froissart, On the Hundred Years War 2) http://www.deremilitari.org > Resources> Hundred Years War>

Letter of Edward the Black Prince about the Battle of Poitiers 1356

E-journals/resources:J. Le Patourel, ‘Edward III and the kingdom of France’, History, 43 (1958)H. Angsar Kelly, ‘The right to remain silent. Before and after Joan

of Arc’, Speculum 68, num 4. 1993. pp. 992-1026 P. Contamine, ‘The French nobility and the war’ in K. Fowler, ed.

The Hundred Years War, 1971, 135-62 DC96.F6 (scanned article*)

W.M. Ormrod, ‘The domestic response to the Hundred Years War’, in A. Curry and M. Hughes, ed. Arms, Armies and Fortifications in the Hundred Years War, 1994, 83-102 DC96.A7 (scanned chapter*)

M. Vale, ‘England, France and the origins of the Hundred Years War’, in M. Jones and M. Vale, ed. England and her Neighbours, 1066-1453, 1989 DA176.E6 (scanned article*)

Further reading: see the list under Lecture Thirteen in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

General reading:A. Curry, The Hundred Years War, 1993 DC96.C8

Seminar Seven (b): Chivalry and Medieval Warfare

Electronic primary sources:1) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> France> Hundred Years War>

Froissart, On the Hundred Years War

24

2) http://www.deremilitari.org > Resources> Hundred Years War> Life of Edward the Black Prince by the Chandos Herald, tr. M. Pope and E.C. Lodge, pp. 1-8 (also as hard copy at DA234.C4)

Further sources:The Letters, Orders and Musters of Bertrand du Guesclin, 1357-

1380, ed. M.C.E. Jones, 2004 DC97.D8.D8

E-journal/resources:J.B. Henneman, ‘The military class and the French monarchy in the

late middle ages’, AHR, 83 (1978)P. Contamine, ‘The French nobility and the war’ in K. Fowler, ed.

The Hundred Years War, 1971, 135-62 DC96.F6 (Scanned article*)

M. Keen, Chivalry (chapter: ‘Introduction: the ideas of Chivalry’ CR4513.K4 (scanned chapter*)

C. Rogers, ‘Edward III and the Dialectics of Strategy, 1327-1360’, in The Wars of Edward III (1999) DA233.W2 (scanned chapter*)

Further reading (warfare):Andrew Ayton and P. Preston, The Battle of Crécy, 1346, 2005

DC98.5.C8.A9A.R. Bell, War and the Soldier in the Fourteenth Century 2004

DA60.B4S. Boffa, Warfare in Medieval Brabant, 1356-1406 2004

DH801.B79.B6P. Contamine, War in the Middle Ages, 1984 D128.C6A. Curry, ‘English armies of the fifteenth century’, in A. Curry and

M. Hughes, ed. Arms, Armies and Fortifications in the Hundred Years War, 1994, 36-69 DC96.A7

N. Hooper and M. Bennett, Cambridge Illustrated Atlas: Warfare. The Middle Ages, 768-1487, 1996 4/Atlas D114.C2

M. Livingstone and M. Witzel, The Road to Crécy: the English Invasion of France, 1346, 2005 DC98.5.C8.L4

H. Nicholson, Medieval Warfare: Theory and Practice of War in Europe, 300-1500, 2004 D128.N4 (also e-book)

C. Rogers, ed. The Wars of Edward III: Sources and Interpretations, 1999 DA233.W2

C. Rogers, War Cruel and Sharp: English Strategy under Edward III, 1327-1360, 2000 DA233.R6

M. Strickland, ed. Armies, Chivalry and Warfare in Medieval Britain and France, 1998 D128.A7

Further reading (chivalry):C. B. Bouchard, Strong of Body, Brave and Noble. Chivalry and

Society in Medieval France, 1988 DC33.2.B6J. Bumke, The Concept of Knighthood in the Middle Ages, 1982

CR4513.B8

25

H. E. L. Collins, The Order of the Garter, 1348-1461: Chivalry and Politics in Late Medieval England, 2000 CR4827.C6

P. Coss, The Knight in Medieval England, 1000-1400, 1993 DA185.C6

G. Duby, The Chivalrous Society, 1977 D131.D8G. Duby, The Three Orders: Feudal Society Imagined, 1982

DC83.D8G. Fourquin, Lordship and Feudalism in the Middle Ages, 1976

D131.F6R. Kaeuper, Chivalry and Violence in Medieval Europe, 1999

CR4513.K2 (the chapter ‘Knighthood in action’ is available scanned *)

M. Vale, War and Chivalry: Warfare and Aristocratic Culture in England, France and Burgundy at the End of the Middle Ages, 1981 CR4513.V2

R. Vernier, The Flower of Chivalry: Bertrand du Guesclin and the Hundred Years War, 2004 DC97.D8.V4

General reading:A. Curry, The Hundred Years War, 1993 DC96.C8

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Eleven in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Eight (a): The Impact of the Black Death

Electronic primary sources:1) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> States and Society> The

‘Calamitous’ 14th Century> The Black Death> Boccaccio, Decameron

2) Medieval sources online> R. Horrox, ed. The Black Death, nos. 1, 2, 13, 21, 44-6, 56, 58-9, 69, 73, 81, 87, 94-8, 113-16

E-journals:J. Aberth, ‘The Black Death in the diocese of Ely: the evidence of

the bishop’s register’, JMH, 2 (1995) W. M. Bowsky, ‘The impact of the Black Death upon Sienese

government and society’, Speculum, 39 (1964)A. R. Bridbury, ‘The Black Death’, Economic History Review, new

ser., 26 (1973)R. H. Britnell, ‘Feudal reaction after the Black Death in the

Palatinate of Durham’, PP, 128 (1990)

26

B. M. S. Campbell, ‘Matching supply to demand: crop production and disposal by English demesnes in the century of the Black Death’, Journal of Economic History, 57 (1997), 827-58

S. K. Cohn, ‘The Black Death. End of a Paradigm’, AHR, 107, num 3. 2002. pp.703-738

W. Emery, ‘The Black Death in Perpignan’, Speculum, 42 (1967)G. K. Fiero, ‘Death ritual in fifteenth-century manuscript

illumination’, JMH, 10 (1984)J. Hatcher, ‘England in the aftermath of the Black Death’, PP, 144

(1994)J. B. Henneman, ‘The Black Death and royal taxation in France,

1347-1351’, Speculum, 43 (1968)R. E. Lerner, ‘The Black Death and Western European

eschatological mentalities’, AHR, 86 (1981), 533-52R. A. Lomas, ‘The Black Death in County Durham’, JMH, 15 (1989),

127-40M. McCormick, ‘Rats, communications and plague: towards an

ecological history’, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 34 (2003), 1-32

Z. Razi, ‘Family, land and the village community in later medieval England’, PP, 93 (1981)

M. V. Shirk, ‘The Black Death in Aragon, 1348-1351’, JMH, 7 (1981)

General reading:O. J. Benedictow The Black Death, 1346–1353: the complete history

(2004) [3 copies on order for the library]

For additional general reading see the list under Lectures Fourteen and Fifteen in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Eight (b): Xenophobia: the Black Death and Intolerance

Electronic sources:1) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> States and Society> Calamitous

14th Century> Black Death> Black Death and the Jews2) Medieval sources online> R. Horrox, ed. The Black Death, nos.

68-753) Medieval sources online> T. Dean, ed. The Towns of Italy in the

Later Middle Ages, ‘Social organisations and tensions’

E-journals/resources:S. K. Cohn, ‘The Black Death and the burning of Jews’, PP, 196

(2007), 3-36

27

R. Finley, ‘The foundation of the Ghetto, Venice, the Jews and the war of the League of Cambrai’, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 126 (1982), 140-54

K. T. Utterbach, ‘ “Conversi” revert: voluntary and forced return to Judaism in the early fourteenth century’, Church History, 64 (1995), 16-28

M. Botticini, ‘A tale of “benevolent” governments: private credit markets, public finance and the role of Jewish lenders in medieval and Renaissance Italy’, Journal of Economic History, 60 (2000), 164-89

D. Nirenberg, Communities of Violence: Persecution of Minorities in the Middle Ages, 1996, 3-39 (scanned chapter*) and see also ‘Epilogue’ and chs. 2 and 4 D164.N4

M. Cohn, ‘Anti-Jewish violence and the place of the Jews in Christendom and in Islam: a paradigm’, in A.S. Abulafia, ed. Religious Violence between Christians and Jews: Medieval Roots, Modern Perspectives, 2000 BM535.R4 (scanned chapter*)

R. I. Moore, The Formation of a Persecuting Society, 2nd edn, 2007 HN375.M6 (the chapter ‘Purity and danger’ is available scanned *)

Further reading:D. S. H. Abulafia, ‘Monarchs and minorities in the Christian

western Mediterranean around 1300: Lucera and its analogues’, in Christendom and its Discontents: Exclusion, Persecution and Rebellion, 1000-1500, ed. S.L. Waugh and P.D. Diehl, 1996 BR1609.5.C4

J. F. Baer, History of the Jews in Christian Spain, 2 vols, 1961-6, DS135.S7.B2

M. Barber, ‘Lepers, Jews and Moslems: the plot to overthrow Christendom in 1321’, in M. Barber, ed. Crusaders and Heretics, 12th-14th Centuries, 1995 BR270.B2

D. Calabi, ‘The Jews and the city in the Mediterranean area’, in A. Cowan, ed. Mediterranean Urban Culture, 1400-1700, 2000, DE96.M4

C. Cluse, ed. The Jews of Europe in the Middle Ages (Tenth to Fifteenth Centuries), 2004 DS135.E81.I6

W. C. Jordan, ‘Home again: the Jews in the kingdom of France, 1315-1322’, in W.C. Jordan, Ideology and Royal power in Medieval France: Kingship, Crusades and the Jews, 2001 DC83.J6

G. Langmuir, History, Religion and Anti-Semitism, 1990 DS145.L2G. Langmuir, Toward a Definition of Anti-Semitism, 1990 DS145.L2J. R. Marcus, The Jew in the Medieval World, 1977 DS134.M2M. D. Meyerson, A Jewish Renaissance in Fifteenth-Century Spain,

2004 DS135.S7.M4K. Stow, Alienated Minority, 1992 DS124.S8

28

General reading:O. J. Benedictow The Black Death, 1346–1353: the complete history

(2004) [3 copies on order for the library]

For additional general reading see the list under Lecture Fourteen and Fifteen in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Nine (a): Anticlericalism and the Lollards

Electronic source:1) Medieval Sources online> R.N. Swanson, ed. Catholic England:

Faith, Religion and Observance before the Reformation, nos. 47 and 50

2) Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Medieval Church> Medieval Heresy> Lollardy> The condemnation of Wycliffe, 1382, and Wycliffe’s reply, 1384

E-journals/resources:M. Aston, ‘Lollardy and sedition, 1381-1431’, PP 17 (1960), 1-44R. Brooke, ‘The Laity and the Church’ in R. B. and C. N. L. Brooke,

Popular Religion in the Middle Ages, 1984 BR253.B7 (scanned chapter*)

W. R. Cook, ‘John Wyclif and Hussite theology 1415-1436’, Church History, 42 (1973)R. G. Davies, ‘Lollardy and locality’, TRHS, 6th ser. 1 (1991), 191-

212M. Groom, 'England: piety, heresy and anti-clericalism', in Rigby, S.

H. (ed.), A companion to Britain in the later middle ages (2003), pp. 381-95 (scanned chapter*)

M. D. Lambert, M. D., Medieval heresy: popular movements from the Gregorian reform to the Reformation, 3rd edn 2002, ch 14 (scanned chapter*) and see also ch. 15 BT1319.L2

S. McSheffrey, ‘Heresy, Orthodoxy and English Vernacular Religion 1480–1525’, PP 186 (2005), 47–80H. G. Richardson, 'Heresy and the Lay Power under Richard II',

EHR 101 (1936), pp. 1-28R. N. Swanson, ‘Literacy, heresy, history and orthodoxy:

perspectives and permutations for the later Middle Ages’, in P. Biller and A. Hudson (eds), Heresy and literacy, 1000-1530, Cambridge 1994, 279-93 (scanned chapter*)

Further reading (anticlericalism):J. Bossy, Christianity in the West 1400-1700, 1985, ch. 4 BR270.B6

29

M. Burleigh, ‘Anticlericalism in fifteenth-century Prussia: the clerical contribution reconsidered’, in C. Barron and C. Harper-Bill, ed. The Church in Pre-Reformation Society, 1985, pp. 38-47 BR750.C4

J. Van Engen, ‘Anticlericalism among the Lollards’, in P.A. Dykema and H.A. Oberman, ed. Anticlericalism in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe, 1993, pp. 53-63 BR735.A6

D. A. Eltis, ‘Tensions between clergy and laity in some western German cities in the later middle ages’, JEH, 43 (1992)

P. Heath, ‘Urban piety in the later middle ages: the evidence of Hull wills’, in R.B. Dobson, ed. The Church, Politics and Patronage in the Fifteenth Century 1984 BR750.D6

J. Henderson, Piety and Charity in Late Medieval Florence 1994 BX1548.F55.H4

B. R. McRee, ‘Religious gilds and the regulation of behaviour in late medieval towns’ in J. Rosenthal and C. Richmond, ed. People, Politics and Community in the Later Middle Ages, 1987, DA245.P4

R. N. Swanson, Religion and Devotion in Europe, c.1215-c.1515, 1995, chs. 1 and 3 BR735.S9

Further reading (Lollards):M. Aston, ‘Bishops and Heresy: The Defence of the Faith’, in her

Faith and Fire: Popular and Unpopular Religion, 1350-1600 (1993)

M. Harvey, ‘Lollardy and the Great Schism: some contemporary perceptions’, in A. Hudson and M. Wilks, ed. From Ockham to Wyclif, 1987, 385-96 BR140.S82/5 (scanned chapter*)

A. Hudson, ‘Laicus litteratus: the paradox of Lollardy’, in P.P.A. Biller & A. Hudson, eds, Heresy and Literacy 1000-1500 (1995)

A. Hudson, ‘The mouse in the pyx: popular heresy and the Eucharist’, photocopy in Hallward (published in N. Crossley-Holland, ed. Eternal Values in Medieval Life, 1991)

A. Hudson, The Premature Reformation: Wycliffite Texts and the Lollard Heresy, 1988 BX4901.2.H8

A. Kenny, ed. Wyclif in his Times, 1986 BX4905.W9A. E. Larsen, 'Are All Lollards Lollards?', in Somerset, F., Havens, J.

C., Pitard, D. G., eds, Lollards and their influence in later medieval England (Woodbridge: Boydell, 2003), 59-72

K. B. McFarlane, John Wycliffe and the Beginnings of English Nonconformity, 1952 BX4905.M2

K. B. McFarlane, Lancastrian Kings and Lollard Knights, Oxford 1972

S. McSheffrey, Gender and heresy: Women and men in Lollard communities, 1420-1530 (1995)

H. Phillips, ‘John Wyclif and the religion of the people’, in J. Brown and W. Stoneman, ed. A Distinct Voice: Medieval Studies in Honor of Leonard E. Boyle 1997, 561-90 CB351.D4

30

T. J. Renna, ‘Wyclif’s attacks on the monks’, in A. Hudson and M. Wilks, ed. From Ockham to Wyclif, 1987, 267-80 BR140.S82/5

R. Rex, The Lollards (2002)E. C. Tatnall, ‘The condemnation of John Wycliff at the council of

Constance’, in G.J. Cuming, ed. Councils and Assemblies, SCH, 8 (1971) BR140.S8

General reading:R. B. and C.N.L. Brooke, Popular Religion in the Middle Ages 1984

BR253.B7

For additional general reading see the lists under Lectures Twelve, Sixteen and Seventeen in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

Seminar Nine (b): Popular Rebellion (on one of three case studies)

Case Study One: the Jacquerie: France, 1358

Electronic sources:Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Economic Life > Rural Life > The Peasantry > Peasant Revolts > Froissart, The Jacquerie

Sources in hard copy:S.K. Cohn, ed. Popular Protest in Late Medieval Europe: Italy, France and Flanders 2004, nos. 91-120 HN11.P6 (nos 121-31 availed as scanned chapter*)

E-journal and book:D. M. Bessen, ‘The Jacquerie: class war or co-opted rebellion?’,

JMH, 11 (1985)R. Hilton, ed. Bond Men made Free: Medieval Peasant Movements

and the English Rising of 1381 1973 DA235.H4 (also as e-book)

Further reading:R. Cazelles, ‘The Jacquerie’, in R.H. Hilton and T.H. Aston, ed. The

English Rising of 1381 1984 DA235.H4R. Fossier, ‘The great trial’, in R. Fossier, ed. The Cambridge

Illustrated History of the Middle Ages, III: 1250-1520 1998 pp. 52-118 CB351.C2

P. Freedman, ‘Peasant anger in the middle ages’, in B. Rosenwein, ed. Anger’s Past 1998 171-88 D127.A6

31

H.A. Landsberger, ed. Peasant Protest: Peasant Movements and Social Change 1974 HD1521.R8

M. Mollat and P. Wolff, Popular Rebellions of the Late Middle Ages 1973, pp. 125-31 D202.M6

J. Sumption, The Hundred Years War, II: Trial by Fire 1999, pp. 327-36 DC96.S8

Case Study Two: the Revolt of the Ciompi: Italy, 1378-82

Sources in hard copy:S.K. Cohn, ed. Popular Protest in Late Medieval Europe: Italy,

France and Flanders 2004, nos. 121-31 HN11.P6

Further reading:G.A. Brucker, Florentine Politics and Society, 1343-1378 1962

DG737.26.B7G.A. Brucker, ‘The Ciompi revolution’, in N. Rubinstein, ed.

Florentine Studies: Politics and Society in Renaissance Florence 1980, 314-56 DG737.4.R8 (Scanned chapter*)

S.K. Cohn, The Laboring Classes in Renaissance Florence, 1980 DG737.4.C6

S.K. Cohn, Creating the Florentine State: Peasants and Rebellion, 1348-1434, 1999 HD1536.I8C6

S. Cohn, ‘Florentine insurrections, 1342-1385: a comparative perspective’, in R.H. Hilton and T.H. Aston, ed. The English Rising of 1381 1984 DA235.H4

J. Larner, Italy in the Age of Dante and Petrarch, 1216-1380 1980 DG530.L2

M. Lauro, ed. Violence and Civil Disorder in Italian Cities, 1200-1500 1972 DG530.M2

M. Mollat and P. Wolff, Popular Rebellions of the Late Middle Ages 1973, pp. 142-61 D202.M6

J. Najemy, ‘The dialogue of power in Florentine politics’, in A. Molho, K. Rauflaab, A. Kurt and J. Emlen, ed. City-States in Classical antiquity and Medieval Italy 1991 pp. 269-88 DF285.C4

R. Rooner, ‘Labour conditions in Florence around 1400’, in N. Rubinstein, ed. Florentine Studies: Politics and Society in Renaissance Florence 1980, pp. 277-313 DG737.4.R8

R. Trexler, ‘Follow the flag: the Ciompi revolt seen from the streets’, Bibliothèque d’humanisme et Renaissance, 46 (1984), 357-92 PER PN

R. Trexler, ‘Neighbours and comrades: the revolutionaries of Florence, 1378’, Social Analysis, 14 (1983), 53-105; available as Hallward photocopy

32

Case Study Three: the Peasants’ Revolt: England, 1381

Electronic primary source:Internet Medieval Sourcebook> Economic Life > Rural Life > The Peasantry > Peasant Revolts > Anonimalle Chronicle, Peasants’ Revolt

Source in hard copy:R. B. Dobson, ed. The Peasants’ Revolt of 1381, 2nd edn 1983

DA235.D6 (and see below for scanned introduction)

E-book:R. Hilton, ed. Bond Men made Free: Medieval Peasant Movements

and the English Rising of 1381 1973 DA235.H4 (also as e-book)

E-journals/resources:Dobson, B., (1983) "introduction to the second edition" from

Dobson, Richard Barrie, The Peasants' Revolt of 1381 (scanned chapter*)

N. Brooks, ‘The organisation and achievements of the peasants of Kent and Essex in 1381’, in H. Mayr-Harting and R.I. Moore, ed. Studies in Medieval History Presented to R.H.C. Davis, 1985, pp. 247-70 D117.S8 (scanned chapter*)

C. Dyer, ‘The social and economic background to the rural revolt of 1381’, in R.H. Hilton and T.H. Aston, ed. The English Rising of 1381 1984 DA235.H4 (in the same volume cf. also chapters by Faith, Dobson, Butcher and Tuck) (scanned chapter*)

Rodney Hilton’s Middle Ages: an Exploration of Historical Themes, ed. C. Dyer, P. Coss and C. Wickham, published as PP, Supplement 2 (2007), esp. articles by Razi and Cohn (also available at D117.R6)

R. B. Goheen, ‘Peasant politics? Village community and the demands of the crown in the fifteenth century’, AHR, 96 (1991)

R. H. Hilton, ‘Peasant movements in England before 1381’, Economic History Review, 2nd ser. 2 (1949), 117-36

M. Müller, ‘The aims and organisation of a peasant revolt in early fourteenth-century Wiltshire’, Rural History, 14 (2003), 1-20

W. M. Ormrod, ‘The Peasants’ Revolt and the government of England’, Journal of British Studies, 29 (1990), 1-30

P. R. Schofield, ‘Peasants and the manor court: gossip and litigation in a Suffolk village at the close of the thirteenth century’, PP, 159 (1998)

Further reading:R. B. Dobson, ed. The Peasants’ Revolt of 1381, 2nd edn 1983,

introduction DA235.D6 *E. B. Fryde, Peasants and Landlords in Later Medieval England,

1996 DA235.F7

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E. B. Fryde, The Great Revolt of 1381 (Historical Association Pamphlet, 1981) D8.H4.G100

S. Justice, Writing and Rebellion: England in 1381, 1994 PR275.H5M. Mollat and P. Wolff, Popular Rebellions of the Late Middle Ages

1973 D202.M6 W. M. Ormrod, Political Life in Medieval England, 1300-1450 1995

DA225.O7E. Searle and R. Burghart, ‘The defence of England and the

Peasants’ Revolt’, Viator, 3 (1972) PER AC. Valente, Theory and Practice of Revolt in Medieval England

2003 DA175.V2J. Sumption, Hundred Years War III; Divided Houses (2009), pp.

413–55 [3 copies ordered for library] – also covers revolts in Flanders

General reading: see list under Lecture Eighteen in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on module WebCT site.

Seminar Ten: The Variety of SourcesFor this seminar there is only one article to read – but it is quite tough. Notice the links that you can draw with the issues being raised on the Learning History module as well topics you have studied throughout this module.

E-journal:W. Pohl, ‘History in fragments: Montecassino’s politics of memory’, EME 10 (2001), 343-374

Electronic primary source: there is no readily available source which is discussed in Pohl’s article. However, there are 2 useful websites which help to set his work in a wider context: www.officine.it/montecassino (site of the Abbey of Montecassino) and www.osb.org (site of Benedictine Order, with translations of the Rule of Benedict)

See also Paul the Deacon’s History of the Lombards Book 1 Chapter 26 and Book 4 Chapter 17 where Paul deals with the history of Montecassino: http://www.northvegr.org/lore/langobard/index.php

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General reading: see the list under Lecture Nineteen in ‘General Reading by Lecture’ on the module WebCT site.

REFERENCE BOOKSYou will constantly find yourself coming up against names of people and places that will be unfamiliar to you. What is a Visigoth? Who were the Cistercians? When did Abelard live? Why did Benedict write a Rule (and which Benedict)? Where is Gaul? This is one of the things that can make the study of history daunting. We don’t assume that you have this knowledge: one purpose of this module is to make the Middle Ages familiar to beginners. So don’t despair: help is at hand. On the top floor of the Hallward Library is a reference section next to the information desk containing encyclopaedias, dictionaries and other reference works.

Atlases are mostly kept in the atlas stands on Levels 2, 3 and 4, though a few of them are shelved with the ordinary book collection and these ones can be borrowed. Modern atlases with gazetteers, e.g. The Times Comprehensive Atlas of the World, 11th edn (2003) G1021 TIM, can be used to find places if you know the modern form of the place-name. Do also use historical atlases (see below) to study military campaigns, migrations, trends, trade and so on, but remember that these maps are modern interpretations and open to debate.

Encyclopaedias: J. Strayer, ed. Dictionary of the Middle Ages, 4/Enc. D114.D4. If the query is about Anglo-Saxon England, try M. Lapidge et al. ed. The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Anglo-Saxon England 4/Enc DA152.B5. A word of warning: be cautious about Wikipedia (anonymous and with no quality control) and about Encarta (not necessarily accurate). Similarly, although the web version of the New Advent Catholic Encyclopaedia can sometimes be useful on ecclesiastical topics, the information is 1917-vintage and on many subjects (e.g. the emergence of parishes) is far out of date.

Chronology: to find out what was happening in a given year, look at H.E.L. Mellersh, Chronology of the Ancient World 10000 BC-AD799 4/Enc D11.M4 or R.L. Storey, Chronology of the Medieval World, 800-1491 4/Enc. D11.S8. These are especially useful for comparing what was going on in different places at the same time. See also the helpful flow-charts in D. Hill, Atlas of Anglo-Saxon England (Level 4 Atlas Stand, DA152.H4), pp. 28-9, 33, 35.

Family trees: you will find family trees in quite a few textbooks for this period, though they may not always be singing from the same hymn sheet. The best starting points are the tables at the back of NCMH, ii and iii, D117.C3, which together cover the period c.700-1024. These can be supplemented for the period before 700 by the family trees for the Merovingian Franks in I.

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Wood, The Merovingian Kingdoms, DC65.W6, pp. 344-9, and for the later period by (for France) J. Dunbabin, France in the Making DC82.D8 and (for England) M. Clanchy, England and its Rulers DA175.C5. The tables at the back of Z.N. Brooke, A History of Europe 911-1198 3rd edn (1951) D102.M4 are also useful.

Historical atlases: R.I. Moore, ed. The Hamlyn Historical Atlas Oversize D117.H2; Angus MacKay and D. Ditchburn, ed. Atlas of Medieval Europe D117.A8; N. Hooper and M. Bennett, ed. Cambridge Illustrated Atlas of Warfare: the Middle Ages 768-1487 (1996) Oversize D114.C2; D. Hill, Atlas of Anglo-Saxon England Level 4 Atlas Stand DA152.H4 – excellent and of wider use than its title suggests; particularly good on Viking raids. You will also find useful maps in R. McKitterick, The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians DC70.M2, C. Wickham, Early Medieval Italy DG503.W4 and T. Reuter, Germany in the Early Middle Ages DD126.R4.

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GUIDANCE ON HOW TO PREPARE FOR ESSAYS AND THE EXAMINATION

EssaysThe nineteen essay titles are listed above. You are required to make your own choices of title from those listed above. You MUST NOT write essays to your own title (JYAs especially take note as this may be different from your usual practice). Do not exceed the word limit (2000 words) but try not to undercut it by more than a few words either. Please note that marks are deducted for over length and/or late essays. Students are strongly advised to consult the School of History’s Notes for Guidance for information on the format and presentation of their essays.

Consultation: If you wish to see your tutor to ask for advice about essay writing, make arrangements to do so in good time and don’t leave it to the last minute. It is often a good idea to consult with your tutor just to make sure that you have interpreted the question correctly and that you have identified suitable reading for the topic.

How to write essays:Use the handout ‘Ten Tips on Essay Writing’ (Learning History module) and consult the School’s Notes for Guidance.

Remember that the issues raised on the Learning History module – about why historians write history as they do, about the nature of historical evidence – apply to your other modules, including this one. Unfamiliarity of subject matter is not an excuse to read naïvely. Instead, begin with more general and introductory items (e.g. articles in History Today or chapters in general textbooks), and then move on to more specialist works.

Citation: when writing the essay, acknowledge direct and indirect quotations and take care over presentation. Try to summarise the views of authors (indirect quotation) rather than giving verbatim quotations; this will encourage you to develop your own views about historical debate. List the primary sources and secondary authorities that you have used at the end of the essay, in a bibliography, giving place and date of publications as well as authors, editors and titles (follow Notes for Guidance). If there has been more than one edition of a work, say which one you are using.

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How to prepare for the examination:The examination will take place during the three weeks devoted to exams in late May and the start of June 2009. It will last two hours and you will be expected to answer two essay questions and to respond to one of a range of ‘gobbets’ (extracts from primary sources that you encountered in seminars). You should aim to spend 45 minutes on each of the two essay questions and 30 minutes on the gobbet.

The format of the exam for V11219 changed last year, so there will be only one past exam paper of exactly the same sort as the one you will do for you to consult (i.e. the exam for 2010). However, you will find similar essay questions on old exam papers for V11219 for 2008-9 and for V11115 and V11217 for earlier years, accessible on the past examination papers site via the Library page on the Portal on the Web.

There will be no restrictions on your choice of essay question, except where questions are bracketed together with Either/Or. There will be a question corresponding to each of the seminar topics taught 2010-11, and questions corresponding to lecture themes where these are not covered in seminars. To answer these questions effectively you should revise at least six of your seminar topics as deeply and as widely as possible (try to link them up with the wider range of topics outlined in lectures). In your answers you may, unless the question specifically tells you otherwise, choose to concentrate on one particular geographical area (e.g. Italy, England etc), but you should state clearly that you are doing so in the introductory paragraph of your answer. Even if you concentrate on one area, try to show awareness of the importance of your topic for, or the influence of your topic on, other parts of Europe. Try if at all possible to link up topics: e.g. discussion of kingship should involve exploration of economic resources and cultural influence as well as an evaluation of political activity.

In the examination, plan your answers before you write down anything: the object of the exam is NOT for you to write all you know about a given topic, but for you to argue a case. Read the words of the question carefully – what sort of argument are you being asked to build up? Finally avoid questions on topics in the exam on which you have already written a coursework essay. You will be penalised if you substantially reproduce material in exam answers that you have already included in a coursework essay.

Gobbet: The available gobbets will be selected from the full range of primary sources that you have encountered in seminars and will be

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approximately 100-150 words in length. The primary source from which each gobbet is drawn will be clearly identified in the exam paper. Remember, you will only need to respond to one gobbet in the exam.

What is a gobbet?The gobbet is your analytical commentary on a brief extract from a primary source. It is not a wide–ranging essay. This exercise requires you to write about the specifics of one particular source: about the issues of authorship, date, subjectivity, and interpretation; factual matters relevant to the event or issue at hand; and something perhaps on the wider context. You should first of all look carefully at the extract itself. Ask yourself what is the central issue it raises. It should normally be fairly clear, but it is possible that there may be subsidiary questions as well. You will often find that the central issue will have been discussed in some of the secondary literature. Then there may be things that need explaining, such as odd or obscure words or phrases, or individuals who need to be identified. You need to see if there are other texts or types of texts that relate to this one. Do they confirm what it says? Do they give a different account? Do they help to further explain the extract? You need to think about the interests of the author/s and how these may have shaped the text. Why is he/she saying this? What was the ostensible function of the document? Sometimes you will find that modern historians have different interpretations to offer, and you need to discuss these. If you can demonstrate an awareness of the different ways in which historians have used the type of document from which the extract is drawn and the problems of interpretation and analysis that are raised by these differences in approach, then all the better. You may need to set the passage in context in order to explain it - but a gobbet is much more than a context question. What you need to do above all is to extract as much meaning as you can from the text and demonstrate an appreciation of the problems of interpretation it presents.

Revising for and writing a gobbet: It is impossible to do a really good gobbet simply on the basis of

your seminar notes: you need to go back and read the primary source closely as well as reading more widely on the source, theme or event that it raises when you are revising your topics for the exam.

Keep in mind the need to be concise at all times, in order to fit in as much information as possible (without resorting to a bullet-point style).

Try to go beyond simply saying what you or the professional historians think the source tells us. What problems and issues does the extract (and source from which it is drawn) raise as a piece of historical evidence?

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And finally: we hope you enjoy the module. At the end of the year you will get the chance to comment on it, and we value your responses very highly.

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NOTES

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NOTES

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