414

desirous of being registered as a medical student shall applyto the branch registrar of the division of the United King-dom in which he is residing; and shall produce or forwardto the branch registrar a certificate of his having passed apreliminary examination as required by the General MedicalCouncil, and evidence that lae has commenced medical study.The branch registrar shall enter the applicant’s name andother particulars in the Students’ Register, and shall givehim a certificate of such registration. Each of the branchregistrars shall supply to the several qualifying bodies,medical schools, and hospitals, in that part of the UnitedKingdom of which he is registrar, a sufficient number ofblank forms of application for the registration of medicalstudents. The several Branch Councils have power to admitspecial exceptions to the foregoing regulations as to regis-tration, for reasons which shall appear to them satisfactory.A copy of the Register of Medical Students, prepared byeach of the branch registrars, shall be transmitted on orbefore Dec. 31st, in each year, to the registrar of the GeneralCouncil, who shall, as soon as possible thereafter, prepareand print, under the direction of the Executive Committee,an alphabetical list of all students registered in the precedingyear, and supply copies of such authorised list to each of thebodies enumerated in Schedule A to the Medical Acts, andthrough the branch registrars to the several medical schoolsand hospitals. The several qualifying bodies are recom-mended not to admit to the final examination for a qualifi-cation under the Medical Acts any candidate (not exemptedfrom registration) whose name has not been entered in theMedical Students’ Register at least forty-five months pre-viously. In the case of candidates from other than schoolsof the United Kingdom, the Branch Councils have power toadmit exceptions to this recommendation.Pursuant to a resolution passed by the General Council at

its meeting on July 14th, 1880, the changes made by theCouncil in its Regulations for Preliminary General Educa-tion, will from January 1st, 1882, be as follows : - Onand after the first day of January, 1882, no person shallbe allowed to be registered as a medical student unless heshall have previously passed a Preliminary Examinationin the subjects of General Education as specified in thefollowing list :-(1) English Language, including Grammarand Composition ;1 (2) English History ; (3) Modern Geo-graphy ; (4) Latin, including Translation from the originaland Grammar; (5) Elements of Mathematics, comprising(a) Arithmetic, including Vulgar and Decimal Fractions;(b) Algebra, iucluding simple Equations ; (c) Geometry, in-cludiug the first two books of Euclid or the subjects thereof;(6) Elementary Mechanics of Solids and Fluids, coni-

prising the Elements of Statics, Dynamics, and Hydrosta.tics ;2 (7) One of the following optional subjects:—(a) Greek;(b) French ; (c) German ; (d) Italian ; (e) any other ModernLanguage ; (f) Logic; (g) Botany; (la) Elementary Che-mistry.Communications relating to the Medical Students’Register,

or to the registration of medical students, should be sent tothe registrars as foltows :—W. J. C. Miller, B.A., Registrarof the General Council, 315, Oxford-street, London, W.-Archibald Inglis, M.D., Registrar of the Branch Council forScotland, 33, Albany-street, Edinburgh.- W. E. Steele,M.D., Registrar of the Branch Council for Ireland, 35,Dawson-street, Dublin.

REGULATIONSOF THE

MEDICAL EXAMINING BOARDS IN THEUNITED KINGDOM.

UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD.

Every student must reside in one or other of the Collegesor Halls, or in licensed lodgings, for three years, passing atleast two examinations in Arts, and one in either Mathe-matics, Natural Science, Law, Modern History, or Fbeology,

1 The Grnersl Medica.1 Council will not consider any Examination inthe English Ld.ngua.ge sufficient that does not fully test the ability ofthe csuUidite :—(1) To write sentences in correct English on a giventheme, attention being paid to spelling and punctuation as well as tocompu-ition ; (2) to write correctly from dictation ; (3) to explain thegrammatical construction cf enteuces ; (4) to point out the grammaticalerrors in sentences ungrammatically composed, and to explain thrirnature ; and (5) to give the derivation and definition of English words in

CO::l1illOD :; This subject may be passed either as Preliminary, or before, or atthe first Professional Exammation.

when, if he obtain a first, second, or third class, he can takehis B.A. degree ; if he do not gain such honour, he has topass a third examination in Literis Humanioribus.A student desiring to graduate in Medicine must pass

the requisite examinations for the degree of B.A. He mustafterwards spend two years in study3 prior to the first orscientific examination for the degree of Bacheloi of Medicine,and two years more, after passing the first, prior to the finalor practical examination for the same degree. Evidencemust be brought to show that he has studied the practicalparts of his profession in a first-class hospital.There is an examination in State Medicine and Public

Health, to which Bachelors of Medicine of the University areadmissible. Copies of the examination-papers in the severalexaminations may be obtained through any bookseller.A dissertation has to be publicly read, three years after

obtaining the M.B., before being eligible for the M.D.The study of Natural Science is carried on at the Museum,

in which are extensive opportunities for the study ofPhysics, Chemistry, General, Comparative, and HumanAnatomy, Histology, and other departments of NaturalScience, together with courses of lectures and of practicalinstruction by the several professors. Collections illustratethe various subjects. There is in the medical department apathological series, including the collection of SchroederVan der Kolk, and a sanitary laboratory, conducted by thepublic analyst. The Radcliffe Library, containing above25,000 scientific volumes, is open to all students daily from10 till 4, and on certain evenings during term. There arelectures and practical instruction in Botany at the BotanicalGardens, and clinical instruction at the Infirmary.The medical examinations take place this year in the

Michaelmas term; after which, in the Trinity (summer) term,scholarships of about the value of £75 are obtainable atChrist Church, Magdalen, and other colleges, by competitiveexamination in Natural Science. Every year a RadcliffeTravelling Fellowship is competed for by any who, havingtaken a first class in any of the schools, or having ohtained aUniversity prize or scholarship, propose to study Medicine.The Travelling Fellows receive £200 a year for three years,half this period being spent in study abroad.More detailed information may be obtained from the

University Calendar; from the Student’s Handbook to theUniversity ; from the Regius Professor of Medicine ; fromthe Professors in the several departments; from E. Chapman,Esq., M.A., Frewin Hall; and from the Sub-Librarian inthe Radcliffe Library at the Museum.

Regius Professor of Medicine-H. W. Acland, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S.Professor of Geometry-H. S. Smith, M.A., F.R.S.Professor of Natural Philosophy-Rev. B. Price, M.A., F.R.S.Professor of Experimental Physics-S. Clifton, M.A., F.R.S.Linacre Professor of Physiology-G. Rolleston, M.D., F.R.S.Professor of Chemistry-W. Odling, M.A., F.R.S.Professor of Zoology-J. 0. Westwood, M.A., F.L.S.Professor of Geology-J. Prestwich, M.A., F.R.S.Professor of Botany-M. Lawson, M.A.Professor of Mineralogy-N. S. Maskelyne, M.A., F.R.S.Lee’s Reader in Anatomy-J. B. Thompson, B.A.Lee’s Reader in Physics, Christ Ch.-R. E. Baynes, M.A.Lee’s Reader in Chemistry, Christ Ch.-A. G. V. Harcourt, M.A.Lecturer in Natural Science, Exeter Coll.-W. L. Morgan, B.A.Lecturer in Natural Science, Balliol-W. W. Fisher, M.A.Millard Lecturer in Physics, Trinity-A. Macdonell, B.A.Lecturers in Natural Science, Magdalen-E. Chapman, M.A., and

C. J. F. Yule, M.A.Lecturer in Natural Science, St. John’s-W. H. Jackson, M.A.Lecturer in Physical Science, Jesus-E. Chapman, M.A.Lecturer in Natural Science, Keble-E. B. Poulton, M.A.Demonstrator in Anatomy-Charles Robertson, Esq.Demonstrator in Chemistry-W. W. Fisher, M.A.Public Analyst in Sanitary Laboratory-W. F. Donkin, M.A.

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE.The student must enter at one of the Colleges, or as a

non-collegiate student, and keep terms for three years byresidence in the University. He must pass the PreviousExamination in Classics and Mathematics, which may bedone, and should if possible be done, in the first or secondterm of residence, or, through the Oxford and CambridgeSchools Examination Board or the Local Examinations,before commencing residence. He may then devote himselfto medical study in the University, attending the hO:3!1ltaland the medical lectures, dissecting, &c. Or he may proceedto take a degree in Arts, either continuing mathematical and

3 If he have taken the higher honours in the Natural So J.ce Schoolhe may go in for the first M.B. examination on the first ppor ,and so have a longer period of practical study befoie the second M.B.examinatiun.

415

classical study, and passing the ordinary examinations for Surgical Anatomy, Pathology, and the Principles and Prac-B.A., or going out in one of the Honour Triposes. The tice of Surgery, and Clinical Surgery.Natural Science Tripos is preferred by most medical students, The next examination in Sanitary Science by the Uni-some of the subjects for this Tripos examination (Chemistry, versity of Cambridge will begin on Oct. 5th. CandidatesBotany, Human and Comparative Anatomy, and Physiology) (whose names must be on the Medical Register of the United.forming part of the series of medical study. Kingdom) should send their names to Professor Liveing,The expenses of residence, lectures, &c., at a college are Cambridge, before Sept. 25th.

about £150 per annum; but these are in many cases lessened The following is a summary of the course which a studentby scholarships, ranging in value from £20 to £80 a year, (commencing at the University, say, in October, 1880) maywhich are very numerous, and obtainable by most students follow :-He enters at any one of the colleges, or as a non-of industry and ability. They are chiefly given for mathe- collegiate student, and passes the Previous Examination (inmatical and classical proficiency. Some may be obtained at Classics and Mathematics), in October, 1880, or in April,once, even before entering ; and notices of the examinations 1881, unless he has already passed the equivalent examina-for these are given from time to time under the head of tion under the Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examination"University Intelligence" in The Times and other news- Board. He is then registered as a student of medicine.papers. Scholarships are given for Natural Science in Medical study in the University for two years. NaturalTrinity, St. John’s, St. Peter’s, Clare, Christ’s, Sydney, Sciences Tripos examination (in Human and ComparativePembroke, Caius, and Downing Colleges; the examinations Anatomy, Chemistry, and Botany), in June, 1883 ; thisbeing at Easter, also in June and October.4 admits to B.A. degree in June, 1883. Second examination

Non-collegiate students can reside at less expense (£80 for M.B. (in Human Anatomy and Physiology, and Materiaor £90 a year) than those who enter a College. They are Medica), December, 1883, or May, 1884. Third examina-allowed to attend certain of the College lectures and all the tion for M.B. (in Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, and Medicalprofessors’ lectures, and have the same University status Jurisprudence), November, 1885 ; Examination for M. C.and privileges as the other students. They are under the (in Surgical Anatomy, Pathology, and Surgery), November,superintendence of the Rev. R. B. Somerset, Oxford House, 1885. Degree of M.B. or M.C., November, 1884. Part ofCambridge, from whom further information may be obtained. the period of medical study is thus spent in Cambridge, andCavendish College has been recently founded, to afford part (say after the second examination) in London or else-special facilities for obtaining a degree at a moderate cost, where.and at the earliest practicable age. Information may be ob- Attendance at the hospital and on the lectures on Aua-tained from J. Cox, Esq., warden of the College. tomy, Chemistry, &c., is recognised by the Universities ofFor the degree of Bachelor in Medecine five years of medical Cambridge and London, and by the College of Surgeons.

study are required, except in the case of medical students The students should remain in Cambridge during part ofwho have graduated with honours as Bachelors of Arts, four the long vacation (July and August) and part of the Christmasyears being then sufficient. This time may be spent in Cam- vacation, as well as during the terms.bridge or elsewhere. The earlier portion of it is usually _spent in Cambridge, the student remaining in the University UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.till he has passed the examination for the Natural Sciences UNIVERSITY OF LONDON.

Tripos and the first and second examinations for M.B. The Matriculation Examinations take place on JanuaryThere are three examinations for M.B. The first in Che- 14th, and June 21st, 1881. The fee for the examination is

mistry and other branches of Physics, and Botany. The £2. Provincial examinations are appointed by the Senatesecond in Anatomy and Physiology (Human and Compara- from time to time at specified centres. Several scholarships,tive), and Pharmacology. The third (at the conclusion of exhibitions, and prizes are associated with these examina-medical study) in Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, and tions.Medical Jurisprudence. The examinations are partly in The Preliminary Scientific (M.B.) Examination takes-writing and partly oral, in the hospital, in the dissecting- place once in each year, and commences on the third Mondayroom, and in the laboratories. They take place twice in July.5 No candidate will be admitted to this examina-annually (in June and December), tion until he shall have completed his seventeenth year, andAn Act has to be kept, which consists in reading an shall have either passed the Matriculation Examination or

original thesis and passing a vavec voce examination on the taken a degree in Arts in one of the Universities of Sydney,subject of the thesis and on other subjects. Melbourne, Calcutta, or Madras (provided that Latin wasPreviously to the first examination, lectures must have one of the subjects in which he passed) ; nor unless he have

been attended on Chemistry (with manipulations) and given notice of his intention to the registrar at least fourteenBotany. Previously to the second examination, the student days before the commencement of the examination. Fee formust have attended lectures on Human Anatomy and Phy- this examination £5.siology, Comparative Anatomy, Materia Medica and Phar- Candidates are examined on the following subjects :-In--macy, and Pathology; have Dissected one season ; and

organic Chemistry, Experimental Physics, Botany, andattended Hospital Practice one year. Previously to the vegetable Physiology, and Zoology. The examiners willthird examination, lectures must have been attended on publish a list of the candidates who have passed, arranged inPathological Anatomy, the Principles and Practice of Physic, two divisions, each in alphabetical order. And a pass certi-Clinical Medicine, Clinical Surgery, Midwifery (with ten ficate signed by the registrar will be delivered to each can-cases), and Medical Jurisprudence; also Hospital Practice didate who shall apply for it, after the report of thefor three years. The candidate must also have been a -examiners shall have been approved by the Senate.clinical clerk, or have had special charge of patients in a Any candidate who has passed the Preliminary Scientifichospital, dispensary, or parochial union for six months. (M.B.) Examination may be examined at the Honours Ex-The degree of Doctor in Medicine may be taken three years amination next following the Preliminary Scientific Exami-

after M.B. An Act has to be kept, with vivâ voce examina- nation at which he has passed for honours in (1) Experi-tion ; and an extempore essay has to be written on some mental Physics, (2) Chemistry, (3) Botany, (4) Zoology,subject relating to Physiology, Pathology, the Practice of unless he have previously obtained an exhibition in any oneMedicine, or State Medicine. A Master of Arts proceeding of these subjects at the First B.Sc. Examination, in whichto M.D. is required to produce the same certificates and pass case he shall not be admissible to the exaraination forthe same examinations as for M.B. honours in that subject.For the degree of Master in Surgery the candidate must Bachelor of Medicine.—Every candidate for the degree of

have passed the three examinations for M.B., and have Bachelor of Medicine will be required--1. To have passed the -attended lectures on Human Anatomy (a second course), on Matriculation Examination in this University (unless he hasthe Principles and Practice of Surgery, Clinical Surgery ; he taken a degree in Arts in one of the Universities of Sydney,must have dissected a second season, have attended the Melbourne, Calcutta, or Madras, and Latin was one of theSurgical Practice at a recognised hospital for three years, subjects in which he passed). 2. To have passed the Preli-and have held a house-surgeoncy or dressership for six minary Scientific Examination. 3. To have been engaged inmonths. He is then required to pass an examination in5 Candidates for the Degree of M B. are strongly recommended by

4 For an account of these Scholarships see THE LANCET of April 12th, the Senate to pass the Piehminary Scientific Examination before Cf m-1862; and for an account of the Scholarships for Natural Sciences see mencing their regular medical studies, and to devote a preliminary yearNature in the early part of each year. Further information may be to preparation for it according to the following programme :-winterobtaned from the Stzcdent’s Handbook to the University, published by Session : Experimental Physics, Chemistry (especially Inorganic),llessrs. Deighton, Cambridge, piice Is. 6d. Zoology. Summer Session: Practical Chemistry (Inorganic), Botany.

416

his professional studies during four years subsequently to passed the First M.B. Examination. 2. Of having, sub-matriculation or graduation in Arts at one or more of the sequently to having passed the First M.B. Examination,medical institutions or schools recognised by this University, attended a course of lectures on each of two of the subjectsone year at least of the four to have been spent in one or enumerated in section 2 of the regulations for that exatijiiia-more of the recognised institutions or schools in the United tion, and for which the candidate had not on that occasionKingdom. 4. To pass two examinations in Medicine, presented certificates. 3. Of having conducted at least twenty

First M.B. Exarnination.-The First M.B. Examination labours. Certificates on this subject will be received fromtakes place once in each year, and commences on the last any legally qualified practitioner in medicine. 4. Of havingMonday in July. No candidate shall be admitted to this attended the Surgical Practice of a recognised hospital orexamination unless he have passed the Preliminary Scien- hospitals during two years, with clinical instruction andtific Examination at least one year previously, and have pro- lectures on Clinical Surgery. 5. Of having attended theduced certificates to the following effect :-1. Of having Medical Practice of a recognised hospital or hospitals duringcompleted his nineteenth year. 2. Of having, subsequently two years, with clinical instruction and lectures on Clinicalto having passed the Matriculation Examination, or taken a Medicine. 6. Of having, after having attended Surgicaldegree in Arts in one of the before-named universities, been and Medical Hospital Practice for at least twelve monthsa student during two years at one or more of the medical in- subsequently to passing the First M.B. Examination, at-stitutions or schools recognised by this University, and of tended to Practical Medicine, Surgery, or Obstetric Medi-having attended a course of lectures on each of three cine, with special charge of patients, in a hospital, infirmary,of the subjects in the following list :-Descriptive and dispensary, or parochial union, during six months, suchSurgical Anatomy, Histology and Physiology, Patholo- attendance not to be counted as part of either the Surgicalgical Anatomy, Materia Medica and Pharmacy, General or the Medical Hospital Practice prescribed in Clauses 4Pathology, General Therapeutics, Forensic Medicine, and 5. 7. Of having acquired proficiency in Vaccination.Hygiene, Obstetric Medicine and Diseases peculiar to Certificates on this subject will be received only from theWomen and Infants, Surgery, Medicine. 3. Of having, authorised vaccinators appointed by the Privy Council. Thesubsequently to having passed the Matriculation Ex- candidate must also produce a certificate of moral characteramination, or taken a degree in Arts, Dissected during from a teacher in the last school or institution at which hetwo winter sessions. 4. Of having, subsequently to having has studied, as far as the teacher’s opportunity of knowledgepassed the Matriculation Examination or taken a degree in has extended. The fee for this examination is £5.

Arts, attended a course of Practical Chemistry, comprehend- Candidates will be examined in the following subjects:-ing practical exercises in conducting the more important General Pathology, General Therapeutics and Hygiene,processes of General and Pharmaceutical Chemistry; in ap- Surgery, Medicine, Obstetric Medicine, Forensic Medicine.plying tests for discovering the adulteration of articles of the The examinations will include questions in Surgical andMateria Medica, and the presence and nature of poisons; Medical Anatomy, Pathological Anatomy, and Pathologicaland in the examination of mineral waters, animal secretions, Chemistry. Candidates will not be approved by the ex-urinary deposits, calculi, &c. 5. Of having attended to aminers unless they have shown a competent knowledge inPractical Pharmacy, and of having acquired a practical all the subjects of examination.knowledge of the preparation of medicines. These certifi- Any candidate who has passed the Second M. B. Examinationcates (as is the case also with all the certificates hereinafter may be examined at the Honours Examination next fol-mentioned) must be transmitted to the registrar at least lowing the Second M.B. Examination at which he hasfourteen days before the commencement of examination, passed, for Honours in (1) Medicine, (2) Obstetric Medicine,Fee for this examination, 95. and (3) Forensic Medicine. The examinations commence in

Candidates will be examined in the following subjects: the week following that in which the Pass ExaminationAnatomy, Histology and Physiology, Materia Medica and terminated. Except in the case of Forensic Medicine theyPharmaceutical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry. Candidates are conducted by means of printed papers, but the examinerswill not be approved by the examiners unless they have will not be precluded from putting vivd voce questions uponshown a competent knowledge in all these suhjects. the written answers of the candidates when they appear toAny candidate who has passed the First M.B. Examina- require explanation.

tion may be examined, at the Honours Examination next If, in the opinion of the examiners, sufficient merit be

following the First M.B. Examination at which he passed, evinced, the candidate who shall distinguish himself thefor Honours in (1) Anatomy, (2) Materia Medica and Phar- most in Medicine will receive f50 per annum for the nextmaceutical Chemistry, (3) Physiology and Histology, and two years, with the style of University Scholar in Medicine.(4) Organic Chemistry. The examinations take place in the Under the same circumstances the candidate who shall dis-week fotlowing that in which the Pass Examination com. tinguish himself the most in Obstetric Medicine will receivemenced. They are conducted by means of printed papers £ 30 per annum for the next two years, with the style ofand practical work. University Scholar in Obstetric Medicine. Under the

If, in the opinion of the examiners, sufficient merit be same circumstances, the candidate who shall distinguishevinced, the candidate who shall distinguish himself the himself the most in Forensic Medicine will receive jE30 permost in Anatomy, and the candidate who shall distinguish annum for the next two years, with the style of Universityhimself the most in Histology and Physiology, will each re- Scholar in Forensic Medicine. Under the same cironn-ceive an exhibition of £40 per annum for the next two years ; stances the first and second candidates in each of the pre-the candidate who shall distinguish himself the most in ceding subjects will each receive a gold medal of the valueOrganic Chemistry, and the candidate who shall distinguish of 95.himself the most in Materia Medica and Pharmaceutical Bachelor of Surgery.—The examination for the degree ofChemistry, will each receive an exhibition of £30 per annum Bachelor of Surgery takes place once in each year, and com-for the next two years. On receiving each quarterly instal- mences on the Tuesday following the fourth Monday inment he must declare his intention of presenting himself at November. Candidates must produce certificates to thethe Second M.B. Examination within three academical following effect :—1. Of having passed the Second Examina-years from the time of his passing the First M.B. Examina- tion for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this Uuiver-tion. Under the same circumstances, the first and second sity. 2. Of having attended a course of instruction in Ope-candidates in Anatomy and in Histology and Physiology, rative Surgery, and of having operated on the dead subject.and the first candidate in Organic Chemistry and in Materia Fee for this examination, £5.

Medica and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, will each receive Any candidate who has passed the B.S. Examination maya gold niedal of the value of £5, be examined at the Honours Examination next followingSecond M.B. Examination.6—The Second M.B. Examina- the B.S. Examination at which he has passed, for Honours

tion takes place once in each year, and commences on the in Surgery. The examination takes place on Tuesday infirst Monday in November. Each candidate, after two the week following the Pass Examination, and is conductedacademical years passing the First Examination, must pro- by means of printed papers. If in the opinion of the ex-

duce certificates to the following effect :-1. Of having aminers sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shalldistinguish himself the most will receive 950 per annum

6 Any candidate for the Second M.B. Examination who has passed for the next two years, with the style of University Scholarthe First --NI.B. Examination under the former regulations, will be in Surgery. Under the same circumstances, the tirst andrequired to have aiso passed the examination in Physiology at some second candidates will each receive a gold medal of the valueprevious First M.B. Examination carried on under the present re- .: £5.gulations, at which examination he shall not be allowed to compete for of 95.Honours. Master in Surgery.—The examination for the degree of

417

Master in Surgery takes place once in each year, and com- A certificate under the seal of the University, and signed.mences on the fourth Monday in November, by the Chancellor, will be delivered at the public presenta-

Candidates must produce certificates to the following tion for degrees to each candidate who has passed.effect :-1. Of having taken the degree of Bachelor of Sur- gery in this University. (Candidates who have obtained UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM.the degree of Bachelor of Medicine previously to 1866 will

UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM. .

be admitted to the examination for the degree of Master in There are two licences and three degrees conferred-viz.,Surgery without having taken the degree of Bachelor of a licence in Medicine and a licence in Surgery; and theSurgery; and in the case of such candidates the attend- degrees of Bachelor of Medicine, Master in Surgery, andance on surgical practice required by regulation 2 may Doctor of Medicine. A certificate of proficiency in Sanitarycommence from the date of the M.B. degree.) 2. Of Science is also awarded.having attended, subsequently to having taken the de- For the degree of Bachelor in Medicine there are two pro-gree of Bachelor of Surgery in this University. (a) To fessional examinations; the first being held twice yearly-Clinical or Practical Surgery during two years in a viz., in October (in 1880 commencing on the 4th) and Aprilhospital or medical institution recognised by this Uni- (in 1881 commencing on the 25th); the second twice yearlyversity. (b) Or to Clinical or Practical Surgery during one -viz., in December (in 1880 commencing on the 6th) and inyear in a hospital or medical institution recognised by this June (in 1881 commencing on the 13th).University, and of having been engaged during three years The subjects for the first examination are-Anatomy,in the practice of his profession. (c) Or of having been Physiology, Chemistry, and Botany. Candidates must pro-engaged during five years in the practice of his profession, duce the following certificates - (1) Of registration as aeither before or after taking the degree of Bachelor of medical student. (2) Of having passed one of the followingSurgery in this University. One year of attendance on examinations in Arts: (a) the examination for graduationClinical or Practical Surgery, or two years of practice, will in Arts at one of the following universities-Oxford, Cam-be dispensed with in the case of those candidates who at the bridge, Durham, Dublin, London, Queen’s (Ireland). Edin-B.S. Examination have been placed in the first division, burgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews, Aberdeen, Calcutta, Madras,3. Of moral character, signed by two persons of respect- Bombay, McGill College (Montreal), and Queen’s Collegeability. Fee for this degree, £5. The examination is (Kingston) ; or (b) the Preliminary or Extra-professionalconducted by means of printed papers and vivcc voce in- examination for graduation in Medicine at one of the follow-terrogation. ing universities-London, Edinburgh, Glasgow, St. Andrews,Candidates will be examined in Logic and Psychology, Aberdeen, and Queen’s (Ireland) ; or (c) the Preliminary

and Surgery, and will not be approved unless they have Examination in Arts qualifying for the membership of theshown a competent knowledge in both the subjects of ex- Royal College of Physicians of London or for the fellowshipamination. of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Candidates

If sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shall who, at the commencement of their professional education,distinguish himself the most in Surgery at this examination passed the Arts examination for registration only, may passwill receive a gold medal of the value of j620. in the extra subjects required for the M.B. Durham eitherDoctor of Medicine.—The examination for this degree before or after presenting themselves for the first examina-

takes place once in each year, and commences on the fourth tion for the degree, but must do so before presenting them-Monday in November, selves for the final examination. (3) Of attendance on twoCandidates must produce certificates to the following courses of Anatomy, on one of Physiology, on one of

etfect :-1. Of having passed the Second Examination for Theoretical and one of Practical Chemistry, and on onethe degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University. of Botany; of twelve months’ dissection ; and of attend-2. Of having attended, subsequently to having taken the ance on a course of Practical Physiology of not less thandegree of Bachelor of Medicine in this University, (a) to thirty lessons.Clinical or Practical Medicine during two years in a hospital The subjects for the Second Examination are Medicine,or medical institution recognised by this University ; or Surgery, and Public Health, Pathology, Materia Medica,(b) to Clinical or Practical Medicine during one year in a Therapeutics, Midwifery and Diseases of Women andhospital or medical institution recognised by this University, Children, and Medical Jurisprudence. For it candidatesand of having been engaged during three years in the prac. must produce the following certificates-viz., (1) of being nottice of his profession. (c) Or of having been engaged during less than twenty-one years of age ; (2) of good moral cha-five years in the practice of his profession, either before or racter; and (3) of attendance on the remainder of the courseafter taking the degree of Bachelor of Medicine in this Uni- of medical and surgical study as prescribed by the Royalversity. One year of attendance on Clinical or Practical College of Surgeons of England, together with the followingMedicine or two years of practice will be dispensed with in additional subjects-viz., one course of lectures on Medicine,the case of those candidates who at the Second M.B. Ex- one on Therapeutics, one on Public Health, and one onamiuation have been placed in the first division. 3. Of Botany and on Medical Hospital Practice, with Clinicalmoral character, signed by two persons of respectability. Lectures during one winter and one summer session. ThereThe fee for this degree is £5. The examination is con- must be proof that the whole course of professional studyducted by means of printed papers and vivâ voce in- has occupied at least four years.terrogation. N.B -It is required that one of the four years of pro-Candidates will be examined in Logic and Psychology, and fessional education shall be spent in attendance at the

Medicine, and will not be approved unless they have shown College of Medicine, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. During thea competent knowledge in both the subjects of examination. year so spent the candidate must attend at least two coursesIf sufficient merit be evinced, the candidate who shall dis- of lectures in the winter session and two in the summertinguish himself the most in Medicine at the examination session, together with the class and test examinations heldfor the M.D. degree will receive a gold medal of the value in connexion with those classes, and must also attendof £20. hospital practice and clinical lectures at the infirmary

Public Health.-A Special Examination will be held once during the same period. Candidates may fulfil this portionin every year in subjects relating to Public Health, to com- of the curriculum at any period before they present them-meuce on the Second Monday in December. Candidates selves for the Final Examination for the degree, but aremust have passed the Second Examination for the B.M. strongly recommended to do so previously to the Firstdegree in this University at least one year previously ; and Examination. They are not required to reside at Durham.must give notice of their intention to the Registrar at least The other three years of the curriculum may be spent eithertwo calendar months before the commencement of the ex- at Newcastle-upon-Tyne or at one or more of the schoolsanimation. The fee for this examination is £5. Candidates recognised by the licensing bodies named in Schedule A ofwill he examined in Chemistry and Microscopy, Meteorology, the Medical Act, 1858. Candidates who are already quali-Geology, Physics and Sanitary Apparatus, Vital Statistics, fied by other of the licensing bodies are required to attendHygiene, and Sanitary Law. The examination will he both for one winter and one summer session at the College ofwritten and practical, and will extend over four days. Medicine, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the manner indicated inCandidates will not be approved unless they have shown a the preceding paragraph.competent knowledge in all the principal subjects of the For the degree o -Viaster in Surgery the candidate mustexamination. If sufficient merit be eviucerl, the candidate have passed the Examination for the Degree of Bachelor inwho hall distinguish himself the most shall receive a gold Medicine and must have attended one course of lectures onmedal of the value of £5. Operative Surgery. Each candidate will have an additiona

418

paper on Surgery, and will have to perform operations on As applied to the detection of noxious gases, and atmo-the dead body and to explain the use of instruments. spheric impurities, analysis of air and water. SanitaryFor the degree of Doctor of Medicine candidates must be Legislation : Knowledge of the Acts of Parliament in force

not less than twenty-four years of age, must have obtained for the preservation 2nd protection of health. Vitalthe degree of M.B. at least two years previously, and in the Statistics : Rates of births, deaths, and marriages ; methodsinterim have been engaged in medical or surgical practice. of calculation, classification, and tabulation, of returns ofEach candidate will be required to write an essay on some sickness and mortality ; data and conclusions deduciblemedical subject selected by himself and approved by the therefrom. Meteorology, Climatology, and GeographicalProfessor of Medicine, and to pass an examination thereon, Distribution of Diseases in the United Kingdom. Sanitaryand must be prepared to answer questions on the other Medicine, more especially in relation to epidemic, endemic,subjects of his curriculum in so far as they are related to epizootic, and communicable diseases; diseases attributablethe subject of his essay, to heat, cold, or damp ; insufficiency or impurity of air,

Candidates for any of the above degrees must give at food, or drink ; habitation, occupation, over-exertion, in-least twenty-eight days’ notice to the Registrar of the College, temperance, heredity. Preventive Measures : Vaccination,sending at the same time the fee and the necessary certifi- isolation, disinfection ; the regulation of noxious and offen-cates. sive manufactures and trades ; the removal of nuisances.

The Degree of Doctor of Medicine, for Medical Practi- Practical Hygiene, in reference to site, materials, con-

tioners of fifteen years’ stczaacling, without residence. - The struction, lighting, ventilation, warmth, dryness, water.Warden and Senate of the University of Durham, with the supply, and refuse disposal of dwellings, schools, hospitals,view of affording to practitioners of fifteen years’ standing an and other buildings of public and private resort ; action withopportunity of obtaining the degree of Doctor of Medicine, respect to nuisances and outbreaks of disease ; other dutieshave instituted a Special Examination, under the following of a Medical Officer of Health.-The examination will be byregulations :-1. That the candidate shall be registered by written papers, practical and vivâ voce, and will commencethe General Council of Medical Education and Registration on October 4th, 1880, and on April 25th, 1881. In theof the United Kingdom. 2. That the candidate shall have practical examination, the candidate will be required :-Tobeen in the active practice of his profession for fifteen years report upon the condition of some actual locality, to analyseas a qualified practitioner. 3. That the candidate shall not liquids and gases, to explain the construction and use ofbe under forty years of age. 4. That the candidate shall instruments employed in meteorology, and to make micro-produce a certificate of moral character from three registered scopic examinations. The fee is j65 5s.members of the medical profession. 5. That if the candidate Candidates for the Certificate of Proficiency in Sanitaryshall not have passed, previous to his Professional Examina- Science, who shall have been Medical Officers of Health oftion (in virtue of which he has been placed on the Register), five years’ standing, and members of the profession whoan examination in Arts, he shall be required to pass an have obtained a registrable qualification before January 1st,examination in Classics and Mathematics. The subjects 1878, must be regIstered medical practitioners, and be notfor this examination shall be as follows : (1) An English under thirty years of age. They will be required to passEssay (a short essay on some subject to be specified at the the same examination as before mentioned, write an essaytime of the examination). (2) Arithmetic. (3) Euclid- upon some practical sanitary subject, and will be examinedbooks i. and ii. (4) Latin-Translation from Virgil, Æneid, upon the essay, and upon other sanitary questions. Thebooks i. and ii., together with grammatical questions. fee is 910 10s. During the ensuing year two examinations-(5) One of the following subjects : a, Greek-Translation will be held, commencing the one on October 4th, 1880, thefrom Xenophon’s Memorabilia, books i. and ii., with gram- other on April 25th, 1881.matical questions ; b, French-Translation from Voltaire’s Charles XII., with grammatical questions; c, German- UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.Translation from Goethe’s Dichtung und Wahrheit, book i., UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH.

with grammatical questions; d, Elements of Mechanics, The session 1880-81 will be opened on October 26th.Pneumatics, and Hydrostatics; e, some Treatise on Moral, Three medical degrees are conferred by the University ofPolitical, or Metaphysical Philosophy. 6. That if the can- Edinburgh-namely, Bachelor of Medicine (M.B), Masterdidate shall have passed, previous to his Professional Exami- in Surgery (C.M.), and Doctor of Medicine (M.D). Thenation (in virtue of which he has been placed on the degree of Master in Surgery is not conferred on any personRegister), a preliminary examination, he shall be required who does not also at the same time obtain the degree ofto translate into English passages in any of the parts Bachelor of Medicine. All candidates for these degreesspecified below of any one of the Latin authors mentioned : must give evidence of having obtained a satisfactory generalCaesar-De Bello Gallico, first three books ; Virgil-first education.three books of the Æneid ; Celsus-first three books. (The 1. The preliminary branches of extra-professional educa-candidate may choose for himself any one of these three tion are English, Latin, Arithmetic, the Elements of Mathe-authors on whose works he is to be examined.) The candi- matics, and the Elements of Mechanics ; and the proficiencydate shall have an opportunity of showing proficiency in of students in these branches is ascertained by examinationGreek, Moral Philosophy, or some modern language. 7. That prior to the commencement of their medical study.the candidate shall pass an examination in the following 2. No candidate is admitted to a professional examinationsubjects : a, Principles and Practice of Medicine, including who has not passed a satisfactory examination on at leastPsychological Medicine, and Hygiene ; b, Principles and two of the following subjects (in addition to the subjectsPractice of Surgery; c, Midwifery and Diseases peculiar to mentioned above) :-Greek, French, German, Higher Mathe-Women and Children ; d, Pathology, Medical and Surgical; matics, Natural Philosophy, Logic, Moral Philosophy ; ande, Anatomy, Medical and Surgical; f, Medical Jurisprudence the examination on these latter subjects also takes placeand Toxicology ; g, Therapeutics. 8. That the fee shall be before the candidate has entered on his medical curriculum.50 guineas. 9. That if the candidate shall fail to satisfy the 3. A degree in Arts (not being an honorary degree) in anyexaminers, the sum of 20 guineas shall be retained ; but one of the universities of England, Scotland, or Ireland, orthat, if he shall again offer himself for the examination, the in any foreign or colonial university specially recognised forsum of 40 guineas only shall then be required. this purpose by the University Court, exempts from allExaminations in accordance with the above regulations preliminary examination ; and an examination in Arts hy

will commence on Dec. 6th, 1880, and June 13th, 1881, in any corporate body, whose examination has been recognisedthe College of Medicine, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Gentlemen as qualifying for entrance on medical study by resolution ofintending to offer themselves as candidates are requested to the General Medical Council of the United Kingdom, pro-forward their names to Dr. Luke Armstrong, registrar of vided the said examination by the said corporate body shallthe University of Durham College of Medicine, Newcastle- also be approved by the University Court, shall exempt proon-Tyne, on or before Nov. 1st, 1880, or May 1st, 1881, tarito from preliminary examination in Arts, on the subjectstogether with the fee and the before-mentioned certincates. comprised in the examination of the said corporate body.

Certificate of Proficiency in Sanitary Science.—Candidates 4. No one is admitted to the degree of Bachelor of lledi-for this certificate must be registered medical practitioners cine or Master in Surgery who has not been engaged inand have attended one course of lectures on Puhlic Health, medical and surgical study for four years-the medicalat the College of Medicine, Newcastle-on-Tyne, extending session of each year, or annus medicus, being constituted lyover one winter session. They shall be required to pass an at least two courses of not less than one hundred lecturesexamination on the following subjects :-Physics: Laws of each, or by one such course and two courses of not less thanlight, heat, hydro-dynamics, and pneumatics. Chemistry : fifty lectures each; with the exception of the clinical courses:

419

in which lectures are to be given at least twice a week handwriting, that he has completed his twenty-first year,during the prescribed periods. or that he will have done so on or before the day of gradua-

3. Every candidate for the degrees of M.B. and C.M. tion, and that he will not be, on the day of graduation,must give sufficient evidence by certificates-1. That he under articles of apprenticeship to any surgeon or otherhas studied each of the following departments of medical master; together with a statement of his studies, as well inscience—namely, Anatomy, Chemistry, Materia Medica, Literature and Philosophy as in Medicine, accompaniedInstitutes of Medicine or Physiology, Practice of Medicine, with proper certificates.Surgery, Midwifery and the Diseases peculiar to Women 8. Each candidate is examined, both in writing and orally,and Children, and General Pathology, each during courses on Chemistry, Botany, and Natural History; on Anatomy,including not less than one hundred lectures; Practical Institutes of Medicine, Materia Medica (including PracticalAnatomy, a course of the same duration as those of not less Pharmacy), and Pathology ; on Surgery, Practice of Medi-than one hundred lectures ; Practical Chemistry, three cine, Midwifery, and Medical Jurisprudence; clinically onmouths; Practical Midwifery, three months at a midwifery Medicine and on Surgery in a hospital. The examinations

hospital, or a certificate of attendance on six cases from a on Anatomy, Chemistry, Institutes of Medicine, Botany,registered medical practitioner; Clinical Medicine, Clinical Natural History, Materia Medica, and Pathology are con-Surgery,7 courses of the same duration as those of not less ducted, as far as possible, by demonstrations of objectsthan one hundred lectures, or two courses of three months’ placed before the candidates.lectures, being given at least twice a week; Medical Jurispru- 9. Students who profess themselves ready to submit to andence, Botany, Natural History (including Zoology), during examination on the first division of these subjects, at thecourses including not less than fifty lectures. 2. That he end of their second year, may be admitted to examination athas attended, for at least two years, the medical and surgical that time. Provided always that students who commencepractice of a general hospital which accommodates not fewer their medical studies in the summer session, and who pro-than eighty patients, and possesses a distinct staff of phy- fess themselves ready to submit to an examination on thesicians and surgeons. 3. That he has been engaged, for at first division of these subjects at the beginning of theirleast three months, by apprenticeship or otherwise, in com- second winter session may be admitted to examination atpounding and dispensing drugs at the laboratory of a hos- that time on condition that they produce certificates of at-pital, dispensary, member of a surgical college or faculty. tendance on at least two classes during each of two summerlicentiate of the London or Dublin Society of Apothecaries, sessions and one winter session; and on the further con-or member of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. dition that they shall not be admitted to a degree in Medi-4. That he has attended, for at least six months, by appren- cine unless their course of study, subsequent to the com-ticeship or otherwise, the out-practice of a hospital, or the pletion of the summer session in which they commence theirpractice of a dispensary, physician, surgeon, or member of medical studies, shall not be less than the minimum coursethe London or Dublin Society of Apothecaries. of four years prescribed in Section 4 hereof.

6. Students of Medicine in the London schools, and in 10. Students who have passed their examination on thethe school of the College of Surgeons in Dublin, can obtain first division of these subjects may be admitted to ex-

there two cinni medici out of the four required for the Edin- amination on the second division at the end of their thirdburgh degrees in Medicine. One annus meclicus may be year.constituted by attendance on Practical Anatomy and Hos- 11. The examination on the third and fourth divisionspital Practice during the winter session. Another annus cannot take place until the candidate has completed hismeclicus by attending either (a) full winter courses on any fourth annus medicus.two of the following subjects: - Anatomy, Physiology, 12. Candidates may, if they choose, be admitted to ex-Chemistry, Pathology, Surgery, Medicine, Clinical Surgery, amination on the first two of these divisions at the end ofClinical Medicine; or (b) on one such course and three their third year, or to the four examinations at the end ofmonths’ courses on any two of the following subjects :- their fourth year.Botany, Practical Chemistry, Natural History, Medical 13. If any candidate at these examinations be found un-Jurisprudence. If the student selects the arrangement pre- qualified, he cannot be again admitted to examination unlessscribed in (a), certificates of attendance on either a third he has studied during another year two of the prescribedwinter course, or a third three months’ course, will also be subjects, either in the University or in some other school ofaccepted by this University. The other subjects, and the medicine.additional courses, not given in London or Dublin, required 14. After the candidate has satisfied the medical ex-for the degrees of the University, will have to be attended aminers, the Dean will lay the proceedings before theat this University. In provincial schools, where there are Senatus Academicus, by whose authority the candidate willno lecturers recognised by the University Court, a candidate be admitted on the first day of August, or if that day becan only have one annus medicus, and this is constituted by Sunday, then on the following day, to the degree of M.B.,attendance on a qualified hospital along with a course of or to the degrees of M.B. and of C.M.Practical Anatomy. All candidates not students of the 15. The degree of Doctor of Medicine may be conferred onUniversity, availing themselves of the permission to attend any candidate who has obtained the degree of Bachelor ofthe lectures of extra-academical teachers in Edinburgh must, Medicine, and who is of the age of twenty-four years, andat the commencement of each year of such attendance, enrol produced a certificate of having been engaged, subsequentlytheir names in a book to be kept by the University for that to his having received the degree of M.B. for at least twopurpose, paying a fee of the same amount as the matricula- years in attendance on a hospital, or in the military ortion fee paid by students of the University, and having, in naval medical services, or in medical and surgical practice;respect of such payment, a right to the use of the library of provided always that the degree of M.D. shall not be con-the University, The fee for attendance on the lectures of an terred on any person, unless he be a graduate in Arts of onextra-academical teacher in Edinburgh, with a view to of the universities of England, Scotland, or Ireland, or ofgraduation, must be of the same amount as that exigible by such other universities as are above specified, or unless hemedical professors in the University. No teacher is reco- shall, before or at the time of his obtaining the degree ofgni,ed who is at the same time a teacher of more than one of M.B., or thereafter, have passed a satisfactory examinationthe prescribed branches of study, except in those cases where on three of the suhjects mentioned in Section II. of the

professions in the University are at liberty to teach two statutes relative to preliminary examination. Two of thesebranches. It is not necessary for any teacher, attendance on must be Greek, and Logic or Moral Philosophy, and the thirdWhose lectures is now recognised for the purpose of gradua- is to be one of the following subjects, at the option of thetin in the University, to obtain a new recognition from the candidate-namely, French, German, higher Mathematics,University Court; and attendance on the lectures of every and Natural Philosophy, and provided also that the candi-such teacher will continue to be recognised as heretofore. It date for the degree ot M.D. shall submit to the Medicalis in the power of the University Court, if they shall see Faculty a thesis, certified by him to have been composed bycane, at any time to withdraw or suspend the recognition himself, and which shall be approved by the Faculty onof any teacher or teachers. any branch of knowledge comprised in the profe-sional ex-

7. Every candidate must deliver, before the 31st day of arninations for the degree of M.B., which he ma.y have madeMarch of the year in which he proposes to graduate, to the a subject of study after having reeived that degree. TheDean i of the Faculty of Medicine, a declaration, in his own candidate must lodge his thesis with the Dean on or before The Medical Faculty recommend that medical students sn ""t

10ih April of the year in which he proposes to graduate.C ni(,) Surgery during their first six mouths’ attendance on No thems will be approved by the Medical Faculty which

Clinical Medicine. does not contain either the results of original observations

420

in practical medicine, surgery, midwifery, or in some of the value i17 per annum, and tenable for four years, open tosciences embraced in the curriculum for the Bachelor’s students entering the Medical Faculty, and awarded bydegree ; or else a full digest and critical exposition of the competition on the subjects of the Preliminary Examination.opinions and researches of others on the subject selected by The Lorimer Bursary, value i50 per annum, tenable by athe candidate, accompanied by precise references to the medical student for three years.publications quoted, so that due verification may be facili-

tated. 16. Persons who began their medical studies before the UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN.

4th of February, 1861, are entitled to graduate under the The curricula for the several degrees conferred are nearlysystem in force before or after that date, according as they the same as in the University of Edinburgh.may comply with the regulations in force in the University Professional Examinations will be held twice in eachbefore or after that date. year-namely, in April and July, directly after the close otThe Preliminary Examinations in General Education are the winter and summer sessions.

held in the Upper Library Hall, and students matriculated The fees for graduation are the same as in the Universityfor the academic year are admitted on presenting their of Edinburgh. Matriculation fee, including all due", for thematriculation tickets at the door. Students matriculated for winter and summer sessions, £1; summer session alone, 10s.the summer only and non-matriculated students pay a fee of Candidates who commenced their medical studies before10s. each, and are admitted on showing their receipts. Those November, 1861, are entitled to appear for examination forwho pay the fee in March will be admitted to the examina- the degree of M.D. after four years’ study, one of whichtion in October without further payment. Payment in must have been in the University of Aberdeen.October does not exempt from payment in March. The Besides the Royal Infirmary, students who have the oppor-academic year is reckoned from 1st of November to lst of tunity of attending the following institutions :-GeneralNovember. Examinations on the preliminary branches of Dispensary, and Lying-in and Vaccine Institutions, daily ;extra-professional education will take place on the 5th, 6th, Royal Lunatic Asylum ; Eye Institution, in which is given7th, and 8th October, 1880; and on the 15th, 16th, 17tb, clinical instruction on the Diseases of the Eye, and on theand 18th March, 1881. Application of the Opthalmoscope for their diagnosis.The fees for M.B. £15 15s. Total fees and stamp for Application for further information should be addressed to

graduating as M.D. only, by regulations for students com- Professor Brazier, Secretary to the Medical Faculty.mencing before February, 1861, ;E25. The fees for examina- tion must be paid at the secretary’s otfice ten days before the UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS.dates thereof, and the fees for the degrees of C.M. and M.D., UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS.

and the stamp-duty for the latter, must be paid on or before Three degrees in Medicine are granted-namely, Bachelorthe 15th day of July in the year of graduation. In the event of Medicine (M.B.), Master in Surgery (C.M.), and Doctorof the candidate not passing any one of the professional of Medicine (M.D.). The curricula for these degrees, andexaminations, the fee is not returned ; but he may appear at the regulations under which they are conferred, differ fromone subsequent examination without paying an extra fee, those of the University of Edinburgh only in the particularsand at any future examination on paying one-half the fee. noticed below.The new buildings for the accommodation of the classes The degree of Doctor of Medicine may be conferred by the

in the Medical Faculty of the University have made such University of St. Andrews on any registered medical prac-progress during the past twelve months that the portion in- titioner above the age of forty years whose professionaltended for the department of Anatomy will be ready for occu- position and experience are such as, in the estimation of thepation at the commencement of the ensuing winter session. University, to entitle him to that degree, and who shall, onThe departments of Pathology, Physiology, Practice of examination, satisfy the medical examiners of the sufficiencyPhysic, Midwifery, and Chemistry are nearly completed, of his professional knowledge ; provided always that degreesand the remaining portions are in a forward state of prepa- will not be conferred, under this section, to a greater numberration.

_____________

than ten in any one year. The examinations are held yearly,towards the end of April. Candidates must lodge with the

UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. Dean of the Medical Faculty the following certificates, alongwith application for admission to examination :—1. A cer-

Three degrees in Medicine are granted-viz., Bachelor of tificate of age, being a baptismal certificate or an affidavit ofMedicine, Master in Surgery, and Doctor of Medicine. The age. 2. Holograph certificates from at least three medicalcurricula of study and the examinations for the several men of acknowledged reputation in the medical professiondegrees conferred are nearly the same as in the University or in the medical schools, recommending the candidate toof Edinburgh. The annual term for conferring medical and the Senatus for the degree, and testifying to his professionalsurgical degrees is the 1st of August. The Preliminary skill and position. As only ten can graduate yearly, can-Examinations of medical students in branches of general didates will be selected whose service and certificates seemeducation take place on the 6th of October, 1880, and on the to the Medical Faculty to present the highest professional31st of March, 1881. claims, and where these seem equal preference will be givenThe fees for the degrees are the same as in the University to age and priority of application. 3. Candidates, when

of Edinburgh. notified for examination, shall remit a portion of the gradua-The regulations under which the above degrees are granted tion fee (viz., £10 10s ) This sum shall be forfeited should

and the notices of the subjects of examination may be ob- the candidate fail to appear, or to graduate, at the timetained by application to the assistant clerk of Senate of the appointed. 4. A satisfactory examination, written and vivâUniversity. voce, must be passed in the following departments-viz.,

Bursaries tenable by Medical Students.-Two James Materia Medica and General Therapeutics, Medical Juris-. Ferguson Bursaries, value E70 per annum each, tenable for prudence, Practice of Medicine and Pathology, Surgery,

two years by medical students who have attended certain Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children.prescribed courses in the Arts Faculty. The Brisbane No one will he received as a candidate for the degree ofBursary, of i50 yearly, held for four years by a student of Bachelor of Medicine or Master in Surgery unless two yearsmedicine who is a Master of Arts. The Walton Bursary, of at least of his tour ears of medical and surgical study shall£36 yearly, held by a medical student (a native of England have been in one or more of the following universities or

being preferred) for four years. The Logan Bursary, of £16 colleges—viz , the Universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow,yearly, tenable by a medical student for four years. Two Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Oxford, and Cambridge ; TrinityRainy Bursaries, value £20 per annum each, open to medical College, Dublin ; Queen’s College, Belfast; Queen’s Col-students who have just completed the second year of pro- lege, Cork ; and Queen’s College, Gatway.fessional study, and tenable for two years. The Armagh Suhject alwavs to the condition here specified, the studiesBursaries, three in number, amounting each to i25 yearly, for candidates fur the degrees of Bachelor of Medicine andfor three years, open to students of Divinity, Law, and Master in Surgery will be under the following regulations:Medicine, who have taken the degree of M.A. The Mac- The remaining years of medical aud surgical study way’ hefarlane Bursary, value jE40 per annum, and tenable for three either in one or more of the universities and colleges aboveyears, open to students who have attended the first session specified, or in the hospital schools of London, or in theof their professional studv in the University of Glasgow, school of the College of Stilgeons of Dublin, or under suchand who have passed in all the seven subjects of the Pre- private teachers of medicine as may from time to time re-

liminary Examination for M.B. The Marshall Bursary, ceive recognition from the University Court. Attendance

421

during at least six winter months on the medical or surgical years ; and must read a thesis publicly before the Regiuspractice of a general hospital which accommodates at least Professor of Surgery, or undergo an examination before theeighty patients, and during the same period on a course of Regius Professor, according to regulations to be approved byPractical Anatomy may be reckoned as one of such re- the Provost and senior Fellows. Fee for the degree of

maining years. Attendance on the lectures of any private Master in Surgery, ill.teacher in Edinburgh, Glasgow, or Aberdeen will not be University Licences. -Candidates for the Licences inreckoned for graduation in St. Andrews, if the fee for such Medicine or Surgery must be matriculated in Medicine, andlectures be of less amount than is charged for the like course must have completed two years in Arts and four years inof lectures in the University of Edinburgh, of Glasgow, or medical studies.of Aberdeen, according as the teacher lectures in those places Licentiate in Medicine.-The medical course and examina-respectively.

0

tion necessary for the Licence in Medicine are the same asEvery candidate for examination for the degrees of M.B. for the degree of M.B. A Licentiate in Medicine, on com-

and C.M. is required to lodge a declaration of age, a state- pleting his course in Arts, and proceeding to the degree ofment of his course of study, his inaugural dissertation, and B.A., may become a Bachelor in Medicine, on paying theall his certificates, with the Dean of the Medical Faculty, degree fees, without further examination in Medicine. Feeon or before the 25th of March in each year. for the Liceat ad Examizzazaduna, £ 5 ; for the Licence inNo candidate offering himself for examination on the first Medicine, 95.

two divisions of the subjects specified in Clause 12 of the Licentiate in S2ti,,qe)-y.-The surgical course and examina-regulations will be considered to have passed in the second tion necessary for the Licence in Surgery are the same asif he fails in the first; and no candidate offering himself for for the degree of Bachelor in Surgery. Fee for the Liceat adexamination on the three divisions shall be considered to Examinandum, i5 ; for the Licence in Surgery, 95.have passed in the third if he fails either in the first or second Medical Scholarsltips.-Two Medical Scholarships will bedivision. Every candidate who fails to pass in any of the given annually, tenable for two years, with a salary of f:20divisions will, for a first failure in any and each of the per annum, on the conditions stated in the Universitydivisions, forfeit the sum of i2 2s.; and Yl Is. for every Calendar.subsequent failure in each. Qualification in State Medicine.-Doctors in Medicine or

graduates in Medicine and Surgery of Dublin, Oxford, orUNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN (TRINITY COLLEGE). Cambridge, who wish to obtain from the University a Certifi-UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN (TRINITY COLLEGE). cate of Qualification in State Medicine, can do so on passingl1Iatriculation.-All students in the School of Physic in- an examination in a limited course of the following subjects:

tending to practise Physic must be matriculated, for which -1. Law, comprehending sanitary legislation, and the lawsa fee of 5s. is payable. No student can be admitted for the relating to the conduct and duties of medical men. 2. Engi-winter course after Nov. 25th. neering in its sanitary aspects. 3. Pathology, including thePrcvious Medical Examination.—Candidates for degrees laws of epidemics, vaccination, insanity, uc. 4. Vital and

and licences in Medicine and Surgery are required to pass a sanitary statistics. 5. Chemistry in relation to air, water,previous examination in Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Materia gaseous poisons, deodorisation, and disinfection. 6. Meteo-Medica and Pharmacy, and Descriptive Anatomy, and Insti- rology. 7. Medical Jurisprudence.tutes of Medicine (Practical Histology and Physiology) pre- The total cost of the education and first degrees in Medi-vious to their degree examination. cine and Surgery is as follows, in addition to the fees forBachelor in IlTedicine.-A candidate for this degree must education in Arts and B.A. degree (983 4s.) ; Medical and

be a graduate in Arts, and may obtain the degree of Bache- Surgical Lectures, £59 1s.; Hospitals, £42 2s.; Medical andlor in Medicine at the same commencement as that at which Surgical Examinations and Degrees, £31.he receives his degree of B.A., or at any subsequent com- mencement. The medical education of a Bachelor in Medi- THE QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY IN IRELAND.cine is of four years’ duration, and comprises attendance ona single course of each of the following lectures :-Anatomy, Students who wish to obtain the degree of M.D., or ofPractical Anatomy, Surgery, Chemistry, Materia Medica M. Ch., in the Queen’s University must be matriculatedand Pharmacy, Institutes of Medicine, Practice of Medicine, students of one of the Queen’s Colleges-Belfast, Cork, andMidwifery, Botany, Medical Jurisprudence, Heat, Electricity, Galway-and must pursue the courses of study prescribedMagnetism, Comparative Anatomy. Three courses of nine by the Senate of the University.months’ attendance on the clinical lectures of Sir Patrick Medical students may matriculate either at the GeneralDun’s or other metropolitan hospital recognised by the Board Matriculation Examination on October 19th, 1880, or at theof Trinity College. Six months’ instruction in Practical Supplementary Examination held in the second or third

Midwifery, including Clinical Lectures. A certificate of week of November.

personal attendance on Fever cases, with names and dates of Each candidate for the degree of Doctor in Medicine orcases. Six months’ dissections are required. Three months’ Master in Surgery is required (1) to have passed in one oflaboratory instruction in Chemistry is required. Any of the the Colleges of the Queen’s University the Entrance Ex-above-named courses may be attended at any medical sc1001 amination in Arts, and to have been admitted a matriculatedin Dublin recognised by the Provost and senior Fellows. student of the University; (2) to have attended in one ofFee for the Liceett ad Examinandum, £5; for the M.B. the Queen’s Colleges lectures on one modern continentaldegree fll. language for six months, and lectures on Natural PhilosophyDoctor in 3lediciiie.-A Doctor in Medicine must be M.B. for six months ; (3) to have also attended, in some one of

of at least three years’ standing, or have been qualified to the Queen’s Colleges, at least two of the courses of lecturestake the degree of M.B. for three years, and must perform marked with an asterisk. For the remainder of the coursesexercises for the degree before the Regius Professor of authenticated eertincates will be received from the professorsPhysic, in accordance with the rules and statutes of the or lecturers in universities, colleges, or schools recognisedUniversity. Total amount of fees for this degree, i:l3. by the Senate of the Queen’s University in Ireland ; (4) toBachelor in Surgery.—A Bachelor in Surgery must be a pass three University Examinations—the First University

Bachelor in Arts and in Medicine, and have spent four years Examination, the Second University Examination, and thein the study of Surgery and Anatomy. He must also pass a Degree Examination.public examination in the Hall before the Professors of the The curriculum extends over at least four years, and isSchool of Physic, having previously completed the prescribed divided into periods of atleast two years each. Candidates arecurriculum of study.8 Candidates are required to perform recommended to pass the Matriculation Examination prior tosurgical operations on the dead subject. Fee for the Liceat entering on the second period. It is recommended that the

ad Examinandum, £5 for the degree of Bachelor in Sur- first period shall comprise attendance on the following coursesgery, 15.

’

of medical lectures : Chemistry ; *Botany, with herborisa-Master in Surgery.9—A Master in Surgery must be a tions for practical study, and Zoology ; * Anatomv and Physi-Bachelor in Surgery of three years’ standing, or have been ology; "Practical Anatomy; * Materia Medica and Pharmacy.qualified to take the degree of Bachelor in Surgery for three And that the second period shall comprise attendance on the

following courses of medical lectures : Anatomy and Phy-Students in the School of Physic who matriculated before June siology (second course) ; Practical Anatomy (second course);

2’-’ncl. 1,72. may obtain the degree of Master in Surgery according to the Theory and Practice of Surgery ; * Midwifery ; "Theory andregulationsin Surgery.

in force previous to the creation of the degree of Bachelor Practice of Medicine ; * Medical Jurisprudence. In additionMeters in Surgery must be of the standing of Masters of Arts. to the above courses of lectures candidates shall have

422

attended, during either the first or second period: A Modern session, consisting of not less than thirty meetings of theContinental Language (in one of the Colleges of the Univer- class ; Pathological Anatomy ; Principles and Practice ofsity ; Experimental Physics (in one of the Colleges of the Medicine; Principles and Practice of Surgery ; MidwiferyUniversity). Also, during the first period : Practical and the Diseases peculiar to Women ; Forensic Medicine.Chemistry (in a recognised laboratory) ; Medico-Chirurgical Of having attended Clinical Lectures on Medicine duringHospital (recognised by the Senate) containing at least sixty nine months, and also Clinical Lectures on Surgery duringbeds, together with the Clinical Lectures therein delivered, nine months, and of having been engaged during a period ofat least two each week-a winter session of six months, three months in the Clinical Study of Diseases peculiar toAnd during the second period : Practical Midwifery-a cer- Women. Of having passed the professional examinations.tificate of having attended at a recognised midwifery hos- Any candidate who shall produce satisfactory evidence ofpital, with the Clinical Lectures therein delivered, for a having passed an examination on Anatomy and Physiology,period of three months, or of having attended a midwifery conducted by a university in the United Kingdom, in India,dispensary for the same period, or of having attended ten or in a British colony, or by the College of Surgeons incases of labour under the superintendence of the medical England, Scotland or Ireland, or the Faculty of Physiciansofficer of any hospital or dispensary where cases of labour and Surgeons of Glasgow, shall be exempt from re-examina-are treated ; Medico-Chirurgical Hospital (recognised by the tion on those subjects. Any candidate who shall produceSenate) containing at least sixty beds, together with the satisfactory evidence of having passed an examination onClinical Lectures therein delivered, eighteen months-in- Chemistry and Materia Medica, required for a degree ineluding either three winter sessions of six months each, or Medicine at a university in the United Kingdom, in India,two winter sessions of six months each and two summer or in a British colony, will be exempted from re-examinationsessions of three months each. on those subjects. Any candidate who shall have obtainedMedical examinations are held in June, and in September a degree in Surgery at a university in the United Kingdom,

and October. The June examinations are Pass Examina- after a course of study and an examination satisfactory totions. Those held in September and October include both the College, shall be exempt from re-examination on Sur.Honour and Pass Examinations. Each candidate for exami- gical Anatomy, and on the Principles and Practice of Surgery.nation in June must forward to the Secretary, on or before Any candidate who shall have passed the examination onthe 20th of May, notice of his intention to offer himself as a Surgery conducted by the Royal College of Surgeons ofcandidate, along with his certificates; and each candidate England, or the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh,for examination in September and October must forward or the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, or the Facultysimilar notice, along with his certificates, before the 20th of of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, after a course ofAugust. study and an examination satisfactory to the College, shallA candidate who has been rejected at the examination for be exempt from re-examination on Surgical Anatomy, and

the degree of M.D., will not be allowed to present himself for on the Principles and Practice of Surgery. Any candidate,re-examination within six months, unless by special grace of being a "registered medical practitioner,"whose qualificationthe Senate. or qualifications shall have been obtained before the first day

of January, 1861, having been with the consent of the CollegeROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF admitted a candidate for the licence, will be examined on

LONDON. the Principles and Practice of Medicine, Surgery, and illid.

. wifery ; but he will be exempted from such other parts ofThe licence of this College is a qualification to practise the professional examinations as his qualifications may seem

Medicine, Surgery, and Midwifery, and is recognised by the to the examiners to render in his case unnecessary. AnyPoor-law Board as a qualification in Surgery as well as in candidate who shall have obtained a foreign qualificationMedicine. which entitles him to practise Medicine or Surgery in the

Licentiates.—Every candidate for the College licence (ex- country where such qualification has been conferred, after acept when otherwise provided by the bye-laws) is required to course of study and an examination equivalent to those reoproduce satisfactory evidence to the following effect :-Of quired by the regulations of the College, shall, on productionhaving attained the age of twenty-one years. Of moral of satisfactory evidence as to age, moral character, and pro-character. Of having passed before the commencement of ficiency in vaccination, be admissible to the Pass Examina-professional study, an examination in the subjects of general tion, and shall be exempt from re-examination on such sub-education recognised by the General Medical Council. Of jects as shall in each case be considered by the Censors’having been registered as a medical student in the manner Board to be unnecessary.prescribed by the General Medical Council. "Every candi- Examinations will take place in the months of February,date (notexempted from registration) is required to have been April, July, October, and December.registered at least forty-five months previously to admission Members.—The members of the College, present andto the Final Examination." Of having been engaged in future, shall be alone eligible to the fellowship. Everyprofessional studies during at least forty-five months, of candidate (except such as are admissible under specialwhich at least three winter sessions and two summer sessions provisions relating to practitioners) must produce proof ofshall have been passeds at a recognised medical school or his having been engaged in professional studies during aschools, and one winter session and two summer sessions in period of five years, of which four years at least shallone or other of the following ways :- have been passed at a medical school or schools reco-

1. Attending the practice of a hospital or other institution gnised by the College. Every candidate shall producerecognised by the College for that purpose. 2. Receiving in- evidence, satisfactory to the Censors’ Board, of his havingstruction as the pupil of a legally qualified practitioner studied the following subjects: Anatomy (with Dissec-having opportunities of imparting a practical knowledge of tions), during two winter sessions; Physiology, two winterMedicine, Surgery, or Midwifery. 3. Attending lectures on sessions ; Chemistry, six months ; Practical Chemistryany of the required subjects of professional study at a reco- three months; Materia Medica, three months ; Practicalgnised place of instruction. Professional studies commenced Pharmacy, three months ; Botany, three months ; Morbidbefore Registration, except in the subjects of the First Anatomy, six months; Principles and Practice of Medi-Examination, will not be recognised by the College. Of cine, two winter sessions ; Principles and Practice ofhaving attended, during three winter sessions and two Surgery, two winter sessions ; Clinical Medicine, threesummer sessions, the medical and surgical practice at a reco- winter and three summer sessions; Clinical Surgery, twognised hospital or hospitals ;10 of baving discharged the duties winter and two summer sessions; Midwifery and theof a medical clinical clerk during six months; and of Diseases peculiar to Women, three months; Forensic Medl-surgical dresser during other months ; and of having been cine, three months. He shall also give satisfactory proofengaged during six months in the clinical study of Diseases of having attended diligently during three winter and threepeculiar to Women. Of having received instruction in summer sessions the medical practice, and during threeChemistry, Practical Chemistry, Materia Medica, Botany, winter and two summer sessions the surgical practice, of aand Practical Pharmacy. Of having attended a course of hospital containing at least a hundred beds ; of having beenlectures on the following subjects :-Anatomy (with Dissec- engaged during six months in the clinical study of Diseasestions), during twelve months ; Physiology ; a practical peculiar to Women ; and of having served the office of cli-course of General Anatomy during a winter or a summer nical clerk in the medical wards during at least six months.

10 A three months’ course of clinical instruction in the wards of a If the Censors’ Board doubt the sufficiency of the certi-

of clinical instruction in the wards of a ficates produced by any caudidate or his fitness in tnvrecognised lunatic hospital or asylum may be substituted for the same

ficates produced by any candidate, or his fitness in any

period of attendance in the medical wards of a general hospital. respect for admission to examination, they may submit the

423

case to a general meeting of the fellows. No candidate and September. Particulars respecting the examinationshall be admitted to examination who is engaged in will be duly advertised in the journals. Candidates are re-

trade ; or who dispenses medicine, or makes any en- quired to apply for the prescribed form of application agagement with a chemist or any other person for the month before the date of the examination, and to send thesupply of medicines; or who practises medicine or surgery, same to the College not less than three weeks before its

in partnership, by deed or otherwise, so long as that part- commencement.

nership continues. No candidate shall be admitted to Professional Education. -Professional Studies prior toexamination who refuses to make known, when required by the date at which the Candidate shall have passed anthe president and censors, the nature and composition of Ecamsnation in General Knowledge in conformity with theany remedy he uses. Every candidate must give proof of Regulation in the preceding Section are not recognised.his acquirements by written answers to questions placed The following will be considered as the commencement ofbefore him, and shall be examined vivcc voce at three Professional Education :-separate examinations, and shall be approved by the pre- (1) Attendance on the Practice of a Hospital, or othersident and censors, or by the major part of them. Any Public Institution recognised by this College for thatcandidate who shall produce satisfactory evidence of having purpose.passed an examination on Chemistry and Materia Medica, (2) Instruction as the Pupil of a legally qualified Surgeon,required for a degree in medicine at a university in the holding the appointment of Surgeon to a Hospital, GeneralUnited Kingdom, in India, or in a British colony, will be Dispensary, or Union Workhouse, or where such oppor-exempted from re-examination on those subjects. Any tnnities of practical instruction are afforded as shall becandidate who has already obtained the degree of Doctor or satisfactory to the Council.Bachelor of Medicine at a university in the United King- (3) Attendance on Lectures on Anatomy, Physiology, ordom, in India, or in a British colony, or who shall have ob- Chemistry, by Lecturers recognised by this College.tained a foreign qualification entitling him to practise Candidates, prior to their admission to the First or

medicine or surgery in the country where such qualification Primary Examination on Anatomy and Physiology, will behas been conferred, wherein the courses of study and the required to produce the following certificates, viz. :-Ofexaminations to be undergone previous to graduation shall having passed, prior to the commencement of professionalhave been adjudged by the Censors’ Board to be satis- study, a recognised Preliminary Examination. Of havingfactory, shall be exempt (if the censors shall think fit) from attended lectures on Anatomy during two winter sessions.all or any parts of the examinations hereinbefore described, Of having performed Dissections during not less than twoexcept such as relate to the Third or Pass Examination. winter sessions. Of having attended lectures on General

’ The nature and extent of this examination shall, in the Anatomy and Physiology during one winter session. Ofcase of each candidate, be determined by the Censors’ having attended a Practical Course 11 of General AnatomyBoard. Every candidate for the membership will, however, and Physiology during another winter or a summer session,be required to translate into English a passage from a Latin consisting of not less than thirty meetings of the class. Theauthor, and he will have the opportunity of showing a know- Certificates of attendance on the several courses of lecturesledge of Greek or of one or more of the modern European must include evidence that the Student has attended thelanguages. Any candidate who shall produce satisfactory Practical Instructions and Examinations of his teacher inevidence of having passed an examination on Anatomy and each course.Physiology, conducted by any of the bodies named in Candidates, prior to their admission to the Second or PassSchedule A to the Medical Act and recognised by the Col- Examination on Surgical Anatomy and the Principles andlege as requiring a course of study and an examination Practice of Surgery and Medicine, will be required to pro-satisfactory to the College, will be exempt from re-examina- duce the following certificates, viz. :-Of being twenty-onetion on the subjects of the Primary Examinations. Any years of age. Of having been engaged, subsequentlycandidate who shall have obtained a degree in Surgery, at a to the date of passing the Preliminary Examination,university in the United Kingdom, after a course of study during four years, or during a period extending over notand an examination satisfactory to the College, will be ex- less than four winter and four summer sessions, in theempt from re-examination on Surgical Anatomy and the acquirement of professional knowledge. Of having at-Principles and Practice of Surgery. Any candidate who tended lectures on Surgery during one winter session.shall have passed the examination on Surgery conducted by Of having attended a course of Practical Surgery 12 duringthe Royal College of Surgeons of England, or the Royal Col- a period occupying not less than six months prior or sub-lege of Surgeons of Edinburgh, or the Royal College of Sur- sequent to the course required by the preceding clause.geons in Ireland, or the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons Of having attended one course of lectures on each of theof Glasgow, after a course of Study and an examination following subjects—Chemistry,13 Materia Medica, Medicine,satisfactory to the College, will be exempt from re-exami- Forensic Medicine, Midwifery (with practical instruction,nation on Surgical Anatomy and on the Principles and Prac- and a certificate of having personally conducted not lesstice of Surgery. Every candidate approved by the Censors’ than ten labours), Pathological Anatomy during not lessBoard shall be proposed at the next general meeting of fel- than three months. Of having studied Practical Pharmacylows, as qualified to become a member of the College ; and during three months. Of having attended a three months’if the majority of the fellows present shall consent, he shall, course of Practical Chemistry (with manipulations) in itson complying with the regulations prescribed by the bye- application to medical study. Of instruction and proficiencylaws, be admitted a member of the College. in the practice of Vaccination. Of having attended at aExaminations for the Membership will take place in the recognised hospital or hospitals the Practice ofSurgery

months of January, April, July, and October. during three winter14 and two summer15 sessions. Of having____________ been individually engaged, at least twice in each week, in

the observation and examination of patients at a recognisedROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND, hospital or hospitals, under the direction of a recognised

REGULATIONS RESPECTING THE EDUCATION AND EXAMINA- 11 By the Practical Course is meant that the learners themselves shall,TION OF CANDIDATES FOR THE DIPLOMA OF MEMBER. individually, be engaged in the necessary experiments, manipulations,

&c. ; but it is not hereby intended that the learners shall perform vivi-Preliminary General Education and Examination.—Can sections. it is not heraby intended that the learners shall perform vivi-

didates who commenced their professional education on or is The course of Practical Surgery is intended to embrace instructionafter 1st January 1861 will be required to produce one or in which each pupil shall be exercised in practical details, such as in the

the certificates of roficienc to produce one or application of anatomical facts to surgery, on the living person, or onother of the certincates of proficiency granted by the edu the dead body. The methods of proceeding and the manipulationscational bodies specified in the recommendations of the necessary in order to detect the effects of diseases and accidents, on theGeneral Medical Council. Candidates who shall not be living person or he dead body. The performance, where practicable,

certificates will be re- of the operations of surgery on the dead body. The use of surgicalable to produce one or other of those apparatus. The examination of diseased structures, as illustrated in thequired to pass an examination m English Classics, and contents of a museum of Morbid Anatomy and otherwise.llathematics, conducted by the Board of Examiners of the 13 The course of lectures on Chemistry included will not be requiredRoyal College of Preceptors, under the direction and super- in the case of a Candidate who shall have passed a satisfactory Exami-’vn of this College. .

14 The winter session comprises a period of six months, and, inN.B.—Each candidate, who has not at a previous ex- England, commences on the 1st of October and terminates on the 31st

amination paid the amount, is required to pay a fee of £2 of March.oa the mnrmnf of the first day of the examination pri to

15 The summer session comprises a period of three months, and, inhis admission thereto. Examinations are held in March or 10 England, commences on the lst of May and terminates on the 31st of

424

teacher, during not less than three months. Of having, Preliminary Examination, at least four years, or duringsubsequently to the first winter session of attendance on a period extending over four winter and four summer

Surgical Hospital Practice, attended, at a recognised hospital sessions, in the acquirement of professional knowledge.or hospitals, Clinical Lectures on Surgery, during twu winter Professional Examination.—This examination is dividedand two summer sessions. Of having been a Diesser at a into two parts. The First or Primary Examination, on

recognised hospital, or of having, subsequently to the com- Anatomy and Physiology, is partly written and partly de-petion of one year’s professional education, taken charge of monstrative on the recently dissected subject, and on pre.patients under the superintendence of a surgeon during not pared parts of the human body. The Second or Pass Exami.less than six months, at a hospital, general dispensary, or nation, on Surgical Anatomy and the Principles and Practiceparochial or union infirmary recognised for this purpose, or of Surgery and Medicine,I6 is partly written, partly oral, andin such other similar manner as, in the opinion of the partly on the practical use of surgical apparatus and theCouncil, shall afford sufficient opportunity for the acquire- practical examination of patients. The Primary Examina-ment of Practical Surgery. Of having attended, during the tions are held in the months of January, April, May, July,whole period of attendance on Surgical Hospital Practice, and November, and the Pass Examinations generally in thedemonstrations in the post-mortem rooms of a recognised ensuing week respectively.hospital. Of having attended at a recognised hospital or Candidates will not be admitted to the Primary Examina-hospitals, the Practice of Medicine, and Clinical Lectures tion until after the termination of the second winter sessionon Medicine, during one winter and one summer session. of their attendance at a recognised school or schools, nor to

Certificates will not be received on more than one branch the Pass or Surgical Examination until after the terminationof science from one and the same lecturer ; but Anatomy of the fourth year of their professional education.and Dissections will be considered as one branch of science. The fee of jE5 5s., paid prior to the first admission to the

Certificates will not be recognised from any hospital or Primary Examination, is retained whether the candidatesschool of surgery in the United Kingdom unless the surgeons pass or fail to pass the examination, but is allowed as partor teachers thereat be membersof one of the legally constituted of the whole fee of £2217 payable for the diploma. A can-Colleges of Surgeons in the United Kingdom; nor from any didate, after failure at any primary examination is required,School of Anatomy and Physiology or Midwifery, unless the on admission to any subsequent primary examination, toteachers in such school be members of some legally constituted pay a further fee of JE3 3s., which is retained, whether heCollege of Physicians or Surgeons in the United Kingdom. pass or fail to pass the examination, and which furtherNo metropolitan hospital will be recognised by this Col- fee is not allowed as part of the whole fee of £22 for the

lege which contains less than 150, and no provincial or diploma. The fee of £16 15s. is payable prior to each ad-colonial hospital which contains less than 100 patient. The mission to the Pass Examination; but on each occasion ofrecognition of colonial hospitals and schools is governed by failure the balance of 911 10s. is returned to the candidate.the same regulations with respect to number of patients and A candidate having entered his name for either the Primaryto courses of lectures as apply to the recognition of provincial or Pass Examination, who shall fail to attend the meetinghospitals and schools in England. of the Court, for which he shall have received a card, will

Certificates of attendance upon the practice of a reco- not be allowed to present himself for examination within thegnised provincial or colonial hospital unconnected with, or period of three months from the date at which he shall have

, not in convenient proximity to, a recognised medical school, so failed to attend. A candidate referred on the Primarywill not be received for more than one winter and one Examination is required, prior to his admission to re-exami-summer session of the hospital attendance required by the nation, to produce a certificate of the performance of dissec-regulations of this College ; and in such cases clinical tions during not less than three months subsequently to thelectures will not be necessary, but a certificate of having date of his reference. A candidate referred upon theacted as dresser for at least six months will be required. Primary Examination who shall not obtain more than halfThose candidates who shall have pursued the whole of of the total minimum number of marks is not read-

their studies in Scotland or Ireland will be admitted to ex- mitted to examination until after the elapse of six

amination upon the production of the several certificates months, and is then required to produce, in conformityrequired respectively by the College of Surgeons of Edin- with the foregoing paragraph, a certificate of the per-burgh, the Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, formance of dissections during not less than three monthsand the College of Surgeons in Ireland, from candidates for subsequently to the date of his reference. A candidatetheir diploma, together with a certificate of instruction and referred on the Pass Examination is required, prior to hisproficiency in the practice of Vaccination, and satisfactory admission to re-examination, to produce a certificate ofevidence of having been occupied, subsequently to the date at least six months’ further attendance on the Surgicalof passing the Preliminary Examination, at least four years, Practice of a recognised Hospital, together with lectures onor during a period extending over four winter and four Clinical Surgery, subsequently to the date of his reference.summer sessions, in the acquirement of professional know- The required certificates, whether for the Primary or Passledge ; and, in the case of candidates who shall have pur- Examination, must be forwarded through the post not lesssued the whole of their studies at recognised foreign or than ten clear days prior to the date of each examination;colonial universities, upon the production of the several except in the case of a referred candidate whose term ofcertificates required for their degree by the authorities of additional study will not expire until the date of thesuch universities, together with a certificate of instruction examination, in which case a written application must beand proficiency in the practice of Vaccination, and satisfac- sent by him in lieu of the certificates, such certificates to betory evidence of having been occupied, subsequently to the produced the day before the examination.date of passing the Preliminary Examination, at least four A special notice (to be found in our last number, p. 398)years, or during a period extending over four winter and has been issued for the information of candidates for thefour summer sessions, in the acquirement of professional Memhership as to the payment of fees for the Primary andknowledge. Pass Examinations.___________Members or licentiates of any legally-constituted College

of Surgeons in the United Kingdom, and graduates in Sur- ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS, EDINBURGH.gery of any university recognised for this purpose by this The Licence.-No one can obtain the licence of the CollegeCollege, will be admitted to examination on producing their until be has completed the age of twenty-one years.diploma, licence, or degree, together with proof of being Every applicant for the licence must produce a certificatetwenty-one years of age, a certificate of instruction and pro- that he has studied Vaccination under a recognised teacher.ficiency in the practice of Vaccination, and satisfactory evi- dence of having been occupied, subsequently to the date of 16 Candidates can claim exemption from examination in Medicine

passing the Preliminary Examination, at least four years, or under the following conditions—viz : 1. The production by the candidateof a degree, diploma, or licence in Medicine entitling him to registerduring a period extending over four winter and four summer under the Medical Act of 1858; or a degree, diploma, or liceuce in

sessions, in the acquirement of professional knowledge. Medicine of a colonial or foreign university approved by the Council ofGraduates in Medicine of any legally-constituted college the College. 2. A declaration hy the candidate, prior to his admission

or university recognised for this purpose zn by this College, to the Final Examination for Membership or Fellowship, that it is hisor university, recognised tor this purpose by this College, intention to obtain either of the medical qualifications mentioned iii thewill be admitted to examination on adducing, together with foregoing paragraph, in which case the diploma of the College will nottheir diploma or degree, proof of being twenty-one years of be issued to him until he shall produce either the said medical quotli-age, a certificate of instruction and proficiency in the prac- fication or proof of having passed the several examinations entitling him

tice of Vaccination, and satisfactory evidence of having 17 This sum of £22 is exclusive of the fee of £2 paid for the Prelimi-been occupied, subsequently to the date of passing the nary Examination.

425

The Preliminary Examination in General Education pre- than four winter sessions’, or three winter and two summerscribed by the General Medical Council must have been sessions’ attendance at a recognised medical school.passed by each applicant, and his name inscribed in the Professional Examination.—Candidates are subjected toRegister of Medical Students, previous to the commence- two Professional Examinations, conducted at separatement of his medical studies. Masters and Bachelors of Arts sittings, partly in writing and partly orally.of any British or foreign university, whose course of study The First Examination embraces Anatomy, Physiology,may from time to time be approved by the College, will be and Chemistry. Examinations will be held October 19th,exempted from the Preliminary Examination; also those 1880; Jan. 25th, March 29th, April 19tb, July 19tb, 1881.whl) have passed the examination of the national educational Candidates who desire to pass the First Professional

bodies, or of any recognised licensing board. Examination must apply to the Secretary on or before theThe Professional Examination will be divided into two Friday preceding the day of examination, and must produce

parts, according to the following arrangement of subjects :- certificates of attendance in regard to all those courses of1. Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry. 2. Materia Medica study which have reference to the subjects of thatexamina-and Pharmacy, Pathology and Pathological Anatomy, Prac- tion. They must also produce evidence of having passedtice of Medicine, Surgery, Midwifery, Medical Jurispru- the Preliminary Examination. The sum of jE6 6s. must bedence, Clinical Medicine. No candidate will be admitted paid to the treasurer of the College for this examination notto the first examination until the end of his second winter later than 9 A.M. of the Saturday preceding it. This sumsession, or to the second until he has completed four years will be considered as paid to account of the entire fee ofof professional study. The examinations will be partly oral, i:15 15s. payable for the diploma.partly in writing. The Second Examination embraces Surgery and SurgicalCandidates for the licence of the College who have passed Anatomy ; also Medicine, Midwifery, Materia Medica, and

the First Professional Examination before a qualifying body Medical Jurisprudence ; and does not take place before the(provided it be as extensive as that required by this College) termination of the winter session of the last year of study ;will he at once admitted to the second part of the examination. in the case of candidates who began their course of studvMeetings for the examination of candidates who already after 16th of September, 1866, it will not take place till

possess a qualification from a recognised licensing body will forty-five months aiter the examination in general education.be held on the first Wednesday of every month (except Application for examination must be made to the secre-Septemher and October), and, if necessary, on the following tary not later than the Monday previous to the day of thedays. Candidates are required to communicate with the examination.secretary of the College not less than eight days before the Every candidate must produce to the secretary-1. Satis-date of the examination at which they propose to appear. factory evidence of his having attained the age of twenty-No candidate is admissible to examination who has been one years, and of having been duly registered. 2. The

rejected by any licensing board within three months previous certificates of his classes. 3. The certificate of his havingto his examination. passed the First Professional Examination. And 4. AThe fee payable by a licentiate is £15 15s. In the event tabular statement (for which a printed form will be

of a candidate being unsuccessful at his examination, the furnished) exhibiting the full amount of his professionalsum of JE4 4s. will be detained to defray expenses. education, and distinguishing the classes, hospitals, dispen-Candidates may be admitted to special examination, on saries, and schools attended during each session of his

other days than those appointed above, on bringing forward studies. If he have been an apprentice, he must alsoreasons satisfactory to the Council, and on paying an extra insert the name of his mastsr, the date of his indenture,fee of £5 5s. Should the candidate be unsuccessful, the and the lengthof time for which he is bound. This state-sum of Ell lls, will be returned to him. ment, accurately filled up, must be attested by his signature,The Membership.—Any licentiate of a College of Phy- and afterwards delivered by the candidate to the officer of

sicians, or graduate of a British or Irish University, with the College, to be preserved by the College. If the candi-whose knowledge of medical and general science the College date have been an apprentice to a Fellow of the College, hemay be satisfied, may be admitted to the membership pro- must also produce his discharged indenture. The secretaryvided he shall have attained the age of twenty-four years. will then give the candidate a letter authorising theThe Fellowship.—No one can be elected a fellow of the examiners to admit him to examination.

College until he has been at least one year a member thereof, The remaining fee payable to the College (being £9 9s.),and has attained the age of twenty-five years. together with the receipt for the fee paid for the FirstThe fee to be paid by a member is 931 10s. When a Professional Examination, must be lodged, not later than

licentiate is raised to the rank of a member, he pays JE21. 9 A.M. of the Tuesday preceding the examination day, inWhen a member is raised to the rank of a fellow, the fee is the hands of the treasurer. j65 5s. will be returned to un-:E31 10s., exclusive of stamp duty, which amounts to £25. sliceessful candidates.All candidates for fellowship or membership must lodge Candidates who have passed the First Examination intheir fees, and the amount of stamp duty payable at the Anatomy, Physiology, and Chemistry, at any of the licensingtime to Government, with the treasurer, previously to pre- boards recognised by the Medical Act, will be admissible tosenting th"ir petitions. the Second Professional Examination on producing certifi-

Qualification in Public Health.-The College now confers cates of the whole course of study, of having passed theircertificates of competency in Public Health. Examinations Preliminary and First Professional Examinations, and ofare held in April and October. Fee for certificate, i:1O lOs. having been registered. If any of the three subjects of the

first examination have been omitted, such candidates willhave to undergo the first examination on the omitted sub-

ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, EDINDURGH. jects ; and none of the subjects set down will be omitted atEvery candidate for a surgical diploma must have fol- the second examination, even if some of them should have

lowed his course of study in a university or in an established formed part of the first examination by another board. Theschool of medicine, or in a provincial school specially re- fee is £15 15s. Unsuccessful candidates under this regula-cognised by the College of Surgeons of that division of the tion receive back 911 lls.United Kingdom in which it is situate. In order to test more effectually the practical knowledgePrelimenary Examination.—All students who intend of candidates, recent dissections, anatomical specimens, and

becoming candidates for the diploma of the College must articles of the materia medica will be employed during thehave passed the complete examination in general education examinations ; and all candidates will be required to writeas prescribed by the General Medical Council, and have had out formulæ of prescriptions. They will also be subjectedtheir names inscribed in the Register of Medical Students at to a practical clinical examination in the surgical hos-the commencement of their protessional studies. Examina- pital, including the application of surgical apparatus, &c.tions will be held on October 16th and 18th, 1880 ; April 12th No candidate will be admissible to examination who hasand 13th, 1881 ; July 9th and llth, 1881. Testimonials of been rejected by any other licensing board within the threepruticiency granted by educational bodies recognised by the months preceding his application to be examined.Medical Council exempt students from the Preliminary Those candidates who have pased the First ProfessionalExamination. Examination before the 31st December, 1877, will be required

Pl,ofpssio?zal Education.—Candidates commencing profes- to pay, as under the old regulation, a fee of E6 for the secondsional study after Sept. 16th, 1866, must have been engaged examination, provided they appear for that examinationduring forty-five months after the examination in general prior to 1st January, 1880 ; and in the event of being un-education, in professional study, which shall include not less uccessful f2 will be retained.

426

ROYAL COLLEGES OF PHYSICIANS AND examination must be made to the Secretary of the FacultySURGEONS, EDINBURGH.

not later than one week preceding the examination.Candidates are required’ to subscribe a declaration that

The Royal College of Physicians of Edir burgh, and the they have not been rejected by anv examining board withinRoyal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, while they still three months before the examination.continue to give their diplomas separately, under separate The other regulations are nearly the same as those for theregulations, have made arrangements by which, after one diploma of the Faculty.series of examinations, the student may obtain the diplomas of both Colleges. The general principle of this joint ex- KING AND QUEEN’S COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANSamination is, that it shall be conducted by a board in which IN IRELAND.each body is represented in those branches which are com- IRELAND. ’

mon to both medicine and surgery ; but that the College of Examinations for the licences of the College in MedicinePhysicians shall take exclusive charge of the examination in and Midwifery are held in the week following the firstMedicine, and the College of Surgeons of the examination Friday in each month, except August and September.in Surgery. The object of the joint examination is to give Every candidate for a licence must return his name to theto students facilities for obtaining from two separate bodies, Registrar of the College, and lodge with him his certificates,and at less expense, a qualification in Medicine and a quali- bank receipt of fees, and his schedule, at least four daysfication in Surgery. Students passing that examination before the first Friday in each month. Special examinationssuccessfully will be enabled to register two qualifications will be held at such times as the President may appoint.under the Medical Act-Licentiate of the Royal College of Licence in Medicine.—Every candidate for the licence ofPhysicians of Edinburgh, and Licentiate of the Royal Col- the College to practise Medicine must produce satisfactorylege of Surgeons of Edinburgh. The arrangement for thus evidence-1. Of character, from a Fellow of the College, orconferring a double qualification by the co-operation of the from two registered practitioners. 2. Of having passed antwo Colleges is in conformity with Section 19 of the Medical examination in general education, held by some one of theAct, and has received the special sanction of the General examining bodies recognised by the General Medical Council.Council of Medical Education and Registration. 3. Of having been engaged during a period of four years in

____________ the study of Medicine. 4. Of having attended courses of

F ACULTY OF PHYSICIANS AliTD SURGEONTS OF lectures on the following subjects, at schools recognised by

FACULTY OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF the College : Practical Anatomy, two courses; PhysiologyGLASGOW. or Institues of Medicine, Chemistry, Practical Chemistry,

Preliminary Examinations in General Literature, in ac- Materia Medica, Medical Jurisprudence, Practice of Aledi-

cordance with the regulations of the General Council, will cine and Pathology, Surgery, and Midwifery-each one

be held in the Faculty Hall during the session 1880-81 on course. 5. Of having attended for twenty-seven months athe following Fridays, commencing at 11 o’clock-namely, recognised Medico-Chirurgical Hospital, in which clinicalOctober 22nd, 1880, April 15th, July 8th, and September lectures and clinical instruction in Medicine are given, the9th, 1880; and on each occasion the examination will be attendance not to be for more than nine months in any onecontinued on the succeeding day. Those who are unsuc- year—viz., six winter, and three summer months-for notcessful may appear at one subsequent examination without less than three months. 6. Of having studied Fever in are.paying a second fee. The fee for the examination and cognised clinical hospital, containing fever wards, and re-certincate is 10s. corded from daily personal observation at least five cases

The course of study for the diploma and’the regulations of fever, to the satisfaction of the attending clinical phy-generally correspond with those required by the Royal sician, as attested by his signature. 7. Of having attendedCollege of Surgeons of Edinburgh. Practical Midwifery and Diseases of Women for six monthsThe Professional Examinations are held at four periods in at a Lying-in Hospital or Maternity recognised by the Col-1880—in January, April, July, and October. The following lege ; or, where such hospital attendance cannot have been

- are the dates at which the first examination will begin in obtained during the course of study, of having been en-

1880-81 : Oct. 12th, 1880; Jan. llth, April 5th, July 19th, gaged in Practical Midwifery under the supervision of a

1881. The second examination will commence on Oct. 14th, registered practitioner holding public appointments; in

1880; Jan. 13th, April 8th, and July 21st, 1881. Candi- either case, not less than twenty labour cases must havedates will not be admitted to the final examination until been actually attended. 8. Of having lodged the admissionthe expiry of forty-five months from the date of registration, fee in the Bank of Ireland to the creait of the College.which period must embrace at least three winter and two The professional examination is divided into two parts :summer sessions, or four winter sessions, of study at a medical 1. Anatomy, Physiology, Chemistry, and Materia Medica.school.

’. 2. Practice of Medicine, Clinical Medicine, Pathology,The regulations regarding examinations are nearly similar Medical Jurisprudence, Midwifery, Hygiene, and. Thera.

to those of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. peutics. Candidates may be examined in the subjects ofThe fee for the diploma is fifteen guineas-six guineas for the first part at the termination of the second year of study,

the first and nine guineas for the second examination. Can- on producing the certificates in these subjects, or in all thedidates not already qualified in Medicine are examined in subjects of their education, on the completion of their

that subject orally and clinically, as well as by written medical studies. No candidate can be examined in all the

paper subjects of the first and second parts in the same month.* Candidates qualified as follows are required to undergoREGULATIONS REGARDING THE DOUBLE QUALIFICATION. the second part only of the professional examination, viz. :-The Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow and (1) Graduates in Medicine of any University in the United

the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh, grant their Kingdom, or of any Foreign University approved by thediplomas conjointly before a board of examiners in which College; (2) Fellows, Members, or Licentiates of the Royaleach body is represented, the object being to give to students College of Physicians of London or Edinburgh; (3) Graduatesfacilities for obtaining from two separate bodies, and at less or Licentiates in Surgery ; (4) Candidates who, having com-expense, a double qualification in Medicine and Surgery. pleted the curriculum laid down above, shall have passedStudents passing this examination successfully will be en- the previous professional examination or examinations ofabled to register two qualifications under the Medical Act any of the licensing medical authorities in the United- namely, Licentiate of the Faculty of Physicians and Kingdom. Candidates thus qualified, as specified in SectionsSurgeons of Glasgow, and Licentiate of the Royal College 1, 2, and 3, must fill up a schedule and present their regis-of Physicians of Edinburgh. The curriculum of study tration certificate (or their medical or surgical qualification),embraces a course of Medicine, in addition to the subjects as well as certificates of character, of practical midwifery,required for a diploma of the Faculty. The fee for the first and of attendance on a clinical hospital which receives casesexamination is eight guineas ; for the second twelve guineas. of fever. Candidates who case is met by Section 4 mustThe examination for the Double Qualification will begin produce, in addition to the certificates required from candi-

in the Faculty Hall, Glasgow, at the following periods- dates for the licence, a certificate from the licensing medicalnamely, first examination, October 12th, 1880 ; January llth, authority to the effect that such previous professionalApril 5th, July 19th, 1881. The second examination will examination has been successfully passed.begin on October 19th, 1880; January 17th, April llth, and Registered practitioners of five years’ standing are

July 25th, 1881. admitted to examination for the licence in medicine on pro-Applications to be admitted to either the first or second - ducing their certificate of registration with satisfactory

427

reference, and are exempted from the examination by printed Students who are not registered pupils (whilst expected toquestions. register previous to the commencement of their professionalCandidates who have passed the examinations for the studies) may present themselves for the Preliminary Exami-

licence in medicine must attend at the College on the nation at any period previous to the commencement of pro-Friday following, to subscribe the declaration, and to sign fessional studies upon payment of £1 Is. as matriculation fee.the roll of licentiates in medicine. The following are the subjects for the Preliminary Ex-Unsuccessful candidates may be admitted to re-examina- amination :-The English language (Grammar and Com-

tion after not less than two months. position), Arithmetic (Vulgar and Decimal Fractions),Licence in Midwifery.—Caudidates for the licence in mid- Algebra (Simple Equations), Geometry (first two books of

wifery, who are not licentiates in medicine, may be admitted Euclid), Greek and Latin (Translation and Grammar); into examination on the following qualifications : (1) The Greek, the Gospel of St. John, or the first book of Xeno-degree or licence in medicine or surgery from any University phon’s Anabasis, or the Dialogue of Lucian entitled "Me-or Cullege of Physicians or Surgeons in the United King- nippus or the Necromancy"; in Latin the Æneid of Virgil,dom ; (2) Te.-timonials as to character ; (3) Certificates of books 1 and 2, or the Jugurthine War of Sallust, or thehaving attended (a) a course of lectures on midwifery in a Third Book of Livy. These examinations are held quar-school recognised by the College ; (b) practical midwifery terly-viz., on the third Wednesday in January, April,and diseases of women, as in Section 6 of the regulations for July, and October in each year. Fee, free to registeredthe Licence in Medicine. pupils ; for non-registered pupils, 91 Is. Candidates areCandidates who are licentiates in medicine of the College, required to enter their names, and to pay their fees to the

or who have passed the examination for such licence, may registrar, at least six days previous to the day of examina-be admitted to examination for the licence in midwifery on tion. N.B.-Students who have passed any of the Pre-

lodgmg their fees and signifying their wish to the registrar a liminary Examination Boards recognised by the Generalweek at least before such examination. Medical Council, into the curriculum of which the GreekThe fees are: For the licence to practise medicine, £15 15s., language enters as a compulsory subject, are exempt from

which may be divided as follows-viz., examination at further preliminary examination, and are entitled to becomethe termination of the first period of study, 95 5s. ; final registered pupils.examination, £10 lOs. Examination for the licence to prac- Every registered pupil is admitted, upon payment of atise midwifery, z3 3s. Examination for the licences in special fee of five guineas, to a special examination formedicine and midwifery, if obtained within a month, to be letters testimonial. He must pay a sum of twenty guineas,lodged in one sum,18 £16 16s. Special examination for the fifteen guineas of which will be returned if rejected.licence to practise medicine, i:21 ; for the licence to practise Stated examinations are held in April, July, and Novem-midwifery, 95 5s. The admission fee, less the sum paid to ber, commencing on dates of which due notice will be giventhe examiners, is returned to any candidate rejected at any beforehand by the Council of the College, and to which can-of the College examinations, didates cannot be admitted unless they be registered pupils,The Membership.—Members of the College alone are eligi- and at which they will be divided into two classes—junior

ble to the Fellowship. Every candidate for the membership and senior. The junior class will be examined in Anatomy,is required to produce satisfactory evidence-1. Of having Histology, Physiology, Materia Medica, and Chemistry.attained the age of twenty-five years. 2. Of being a li- The fee for this examination is five guineas, in addition tocentiate of this College for three years at least ; or a licen- the registration fee of frve guineas ; but to be allowed thetiate of one year’s standing, who shall be a graduate of Arts candidate in case he presents himself a second time forof a university in the United Kingdom at the time of his examination. The senior class must produce certificates ofobtaining the licence ; or, a licentiate of one year’s standing, having attended three courses of lectures on the Theory andwho shall be a registered practitioner of seven years’ stand- Practice of Surgery, one course of lectures on the Practice ofing at the time of his obtaining the licence. 3. Of pro- Medicine, and one course of lectures on Midwifery ; alsofessional conduct and moral character, as testified by a certificates of attendance on a recognised hospital for threefellow or member of the College, or by a fellow of the Royal winter and three summer sessions. This class will be ex-College of Physicians of London or of Edinburgh. 4. That amined in Surgery, Operative Surgery and Surgical Appli-he is not engaged in trade; and that he does not directly or ances, Practice of Medicine, Medical Jurisprudence andindirectly vend medicines or drugs; and that he does not Prescriptions. No candidate for letters testimonial will bedispense or compound medicines for anyone-even his own admitted to examination without producing a certificate ofprivate patients-(except in cases of extreme urgency) ; nor attendance for one month at the Cow-Pock Institution, orpractise medicine or surgery in partnership, by deed or other- some other institution to be approved of by this Council,wise. 5. Of having attended courses of practical instruction under the instruction of a public vaccinator speciallyin Ophthalmology and Histology. 6. Of having held, during, recognised by this College for the purpose, and that he isat least, six months, the office of resident physician, or resi- practically acquainted with vaccination. The fee for thisdent medical pupil, in a hospital recognised by the College ; examination is fifteen guineas ; returnable to the candidateor of having acted for the same period as clinical clerk in in case of rejection. In addition to the foregoing fees a feethe medical wards of such hospital; or of having been in of one guinea is to be paid to the registrar.medical charge, for at least twelve months, of any public The Fellowship.—Every registered pupil or licentiate mayinstitution for the treatment of the sick. 7. Of having be admitted to examination for the Fellowship if he shalllodged the admisssion fee of twenty guineas in the Royal have lodged in the Bank of Ireland, for the use of the CollegeBank of Ireland to the credit of the College. if he be a licentiate, the sum of twenty guineas, or thirty-Everv candidate shall be required to pass an examination five in case he be only a registered pupil ; provided in either

in Medical Anatomy, Pathology, Histology, Medical Che- case he intends to reside beyond ten miles from Dublin, or,mistry, Forensic Medicine, Principles of Public Health, in- if he reside in Dublin, or within ten miles thereof, he musteluding Climatology and Meteorology, Psychology, and lodge thirty guineas, or if he be only a registered pupil,Clinical Medicine. He shall also be required to translate into forty-five guineas. He must be twenty-five years of age,English a passage from a Latin author, or to show that he and be a Bachelor of Arts of some university, or show thatpossesses a knowledge of Greek, or French, or German. he has obtained a liberal preliminary education. He must,

moreover, produce a certificate of general good conduct andROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND. certificates of attendance on the several courses of lectures

. required to be attended by candidates for letters testimonial,Registered pupils who pay a fee of five guineas are ad- together with one course of lectures on Comparative

mitted to the Preliminary Examination of the College Anatomy, and one course of lectures on Natural Philosophy.without further fee, and may study each week-day in the A thesis on some medical subject, or clinical reports, withMuseum from 11 o’clock A.M. to 3 o’clock P.M., and read in observations, of six or more medical or surgical cases takenthe Library from 10 o’clock A.M. to 6 o’clock P. M. They are by himself will also be required, and certificates of havingalso permitted to attend the lectures on Comparative Ana- been engaged in the acquisition of professional knowledgetomy, and to obtain a certificate for such attendance without for a period of not less than six years, three of which mustpayment of any fee. These privileges are open to the have been spent in one or more of the schools and hospitalsstudents of any school recognised by the Council who may recognised by the Council. Licentiates of the College whohave enrolled themselves as registered pupils of the College. may not be able to show that they have followed the course

Any candidate rejected at the Examination for the Licence in of study specified in the preceding regulations, may, at theMedicine must pay the full fee of =83 Ss. for the Licence in Midwifery. expiration of ten years from the date of their deploma, be

428

admitted to the examination required for the Fellowship, the Hall of the Society on Friday and Saturday, Januaryprovided they produce such evidence as shall be satisfactory 23rd and 24th, April 23rd and 24th, September 17th andto the Council that they have conducted themselves 18th. The examination will be conducted by means ofhonourably in the practice of their profession. printed papers. Candidates will be examined in the follow.Examination of Candidates for Letters Testimonial, ing branches ; and no candidate will be approved unless he

special and stated, will be held in April, July, and show a competent knowledge of each branch of the exami-November, upon such days as the Council may direct. nation :—1, the English Language ; 2, the Latin Lan-

Junior classes will be examined in Dissections, Anatomy, guage ; 3, Mathematics ; 4, one of the following subjects,Physiology, Histology, Materia Medica, and Chemistry, at the option of the candidate-Greek, French, German,written and vivâ voce. The senior class will be examined in Natural Philosophy. Testimonials of proficiency in generalSurgery, Practice of Medicine, Medical Jurisprudence, and education will be received from any of the licensing bodies,Prescriptions, written and vivd voce, and in Clinical Exami- and also from recognised national, colonial, and foreignnation and Operative Surgery. educational bodies-viz., a degree in Arts of any universityThe fees to be paid by candidates for letters testimonial of the United Kingdom, or of the colonies, or of such other

are :-Registration fee, jE5 5s.; Junior Class Examination universities as may be specially recognised from time tofee, £5 5s.; Senior Class Examination fee, £15 15s. ; total, time by the Medical Council.19 The fee for the examination£26 5s. In addition to the foregoing, a fee of 91 Is. is to be is one guinea. If a candidate fail to pass the examination,paid to the registrar on handing each licentiate his diploma. the fee will not be returned to him, but he will be admis.Examinations for the Fellowship will be held from time to sible to either, or to both, of the two next following exami-

time as the Council may direct. The subjects of the First nations without payment of an additional fee, upon givingExamination will be Anatomy and Physiology (human and at least one week’s notice.comparative) ; those of the second, Pathology, Therapeutics, Prizes are annually offered for proficiency in the know-the Theory and Practice of Medicine and Surgery, and ledge of Materia Medica and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.Clinical Surgery. In cases of licentiates of ten years’ Professional Exarninations.—The Court of Examinersstanding, the examinations will be mainly clinical and meet in the Hall every Wednesday and Thursday, wherepractical. In addition to the oral examinations, candidates candidates are required to attend at 4.30 P.M. Every candi-will be required to give written answers to either written or date intending to offer himself for examination must giveprinted questions, and to perform Dissections and Opera- seven days’ notice previous to the day of examination, andtions. must at the same time deposit all the required certificates

- ---- with the fee, at the office of the beadle, where attendance isTHE SOCIETY OF APOTHECARIES, LONDON. given daily from 10 till 4 o’clock ; Saturdays, 10 till 2.

, Certificates in arts granted by any of the bodies whose cer.Every candidate for a Certificate of Qualification to prac- tificate is recognised by the Medical Council, will be

tise as an Apothecary will be required to produce testi- accepted from candidates who present themselves at themonials-Of having passed a Preliminary Examination in Professional Examination at the Hall, as equivalent to theirArts as a test of general education. (This examination must having passed the above examination.be passed before the commencement of medical studies. The examination of candidates is divided into two parts,Medical studies commenced before the candidates shall have and is conducted partly in writing and partly vivâ voce.passed an examination on the subject of general education The First Examination, which may be passed after thewill not be recognised.) Of having attained the full age of second winter session, embraces the following subjects :-twenty-one years. Of good moral conduct. A certificate of Physicians’ Prescriptions and Pharmacy ; Anatomy andthree months’ Practical Pharmacy from some recognised Physiology; General and Practical Chemistry; Materiahospital or dispensary, or from a qualified medical practi- Medica and Botany; Histology. Testimonials are requiredtioner. And of having pursued a course of medical study in of candidates for the First Examination of having passed anconformity with the regulations of the Court. examination in arts recognised by the Medical Council; ofThe course of medical study required for a licence must having completed the curriculum of study to the close of the

occupy at least four years, of which not less than three second winter session ; of having attended three months’winter and two summer sessions must be passed at a reco- Practical Pharmacy ; and of good moral conduct. (Anygnised school or hospital. The following will be recognised candidate who presents himself for the First Examinationand considered equivalent to eighteen months’ study, in and is rejected, may be admitted to re-examination at theaddition to the two years and a half above mentioned : expiration of three calendar months.)(a) attendance on the practice of a hospital or other The Second Examination, at the termination of thepublic institution recognised by this Hall for that purpose ; medical studies, embraces Principles and Practice of(b) instruction as the pupil or assistant of a registered Medicine ; Pathology and Therapeutics ; Midwifery, in-

practitioner, physician or surgeon to a hospital, general dis- eluding the diseases of Women and Children; Forensicpensary, or union workhouse, or where such opportunities Medicine and Toxicology: Microscopical Pathology.of practical instruction are afforded as may be deemed satis- Certificates are required of candidates for the Second orfactory. Pass Examination, of having completed four years’ medical

Course of Study.—Every candidate must attend the fol- study, including the period spent at the hospital ; of beinglowing lectures and medical practice : each winter session to twenty-one years of age ; and of good moral conduct. Ofconsist of not less than six months, to commence on the 1st having passed the First Examination. Of having completedand not later than the 15th of October ; each summer ses- the prescribed curriculum of study according to the schedule,sion to commence on the 1st and not later than the 15th of including a personal attendance of twenty cases of mid-May. wifery ; and of having received instruction in Practical

First Year.—Winter Session : Chemistry, Anatomy, and Vaccination, and vaccinated not less than twenty cases. OfPhysiology (including Dissections and Demonstrations). having served the office of clinical clerk at a recognisedSummer Session: Botany, Materia Medica and Therapeutics, hospital during the period of six weeks, at least. Of havingPractical Chemistry. been examined at the class examinations instituted bv theSecond Year.-Winter Session : Anatomy and Physiology various lecturers and professors of their respective medical

(including Dissections and Demonstrations), Principles and schools and colleges.Practices of Medicine, Clinical Medical Practice. Summer _____________________________________

Session : Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children. 19 The following is a syllabus of subjects for examination in 1881.—Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Clinical Medical 1. The English Language: The leading features of its history, itsPractice. structure and grammar. English Composition. 2. The Latin Lan-

Third Year.—Winter Session : Principles and Practice of guage: Livy, book i., caps. i. to xli. Horace, Odes, book iv. Re-trans-

Medicine Clinical Medical Lectures, Morbid Anatomy lation of easy sentences. Grammatical questions will be introducedALerticine, Clinical Medical Lectures, Morbid Anaromy, ’ into the Latin paper, and each candidate will be expected to give satis-

Pathology and Clinical Medical Practice. Summer Session: factory answers to these. 3. Mathematics: : The ordinary rules of Ai itli-Practical Midwifery and Vaccination, Morbid Anatomy, metic. Vulgar and Decimal Fractions. Addition, Subtraction, Jlulti-Clinical Medical Practice. plication, and Division of Algebraical Quantities. Simple Equations.No certificates of lectures or of anatomical instructions The first two books of Euclid. 4. (a) Greek: Homer, lliad, book i.No certificates of lectures or of anatomical instructions Grammatical Questions. (b) French: Voltaire, Histoire de Charles XII.

delivered in private to particular students apart from the Grammatical questions. (c) German: Leasing, Mina von Barnhelm.

ordinary classes of recognised public medical schools, can be Translation from English into German. Grammatical questions. (d)received by the Court of Examiners. books recommended for study in this subject are Smith’s "Statics,"

Excamzinatioaz irc Arts.—This examination will be held at and Smith’s Hydrostatics," or Newth’s Natural Philosophy.’’)

429

Modífied Examination.—Graduates in Medicine of BritishUniversities will be admitted to a Clinical and PracticalExamination in the Practice of Medicine, Pathology, andMidwifery.No rejected candidate for the licence can be re-examined

until the expiration of six calendar months.Fees.—For a Certificate of Qualification to Practise, six

guinea, half of which is retained in case of rejection, to beaccounted for at a subsequent examination. For the FirstExamination, three guineas, which sum is retained in caseof rejection and accounted for subsequently. For the SecondExamination, three guineas. For an Assistant’s Certificatetwo guineas, which sum is retained in case of rejection andaccounted for subsequently. N.B.-After two rejections asecond fee of three guineas will be required, or one guineain the case of an Assistant.

APOTHECARIES’ HALL OF IRELAND.

The Arts Exccnaincetion will be held at the Hall four timesin the year-viz., the third Thursday in January, April,July, and October, at 12 o’clock.Professional Education.—Every candidate for the licence

to practise Medicine and Pharmacy must produce certifi-cates to the following effect :-Of having passed an exami-nation in Arts previously to entering on professional study.Of registration as a medical student from the Registrar ofthe Medical Council.20 Of being at least twenty-one yearsof age, and of good moral character. Of pupilage to a

qualified apothecary, or of having been otherwise engagedat practical Pharmacy for a period of twelve months sub-sequent to having passed the examination in Arts. Ofhaving spent four years in professional study. Of havingattended the following courses- namely : Chemistry, duringone winter session; Anatomy and Physiology, during onewinter session ; Demonstrations and Dissections, duringtwo winter sessions ; Botany and Natural History, duringone summer session ; Practical Chemistry (by daily instruc-tion in a recognised laboratory), during three months ;Materia Medica, during three months ; Principles and Prac-tice of Medicine, during one winter session ; Midwifery andDiseases of Women and Children, during six months; Prac-tical Midwifery at a recognised hospital (attendance upontwenty cases); Surgery, during one winter session; ForensicMedicine, dnring one summer session ; instruction in thepractice of Vaccination. Of having attended at a reco-

gnised hospital or hospitals the Practice of Medicine andClinical Lectures on Medicine, during two winter and twosummer sessions ; also the Practice of Surgery and ClinicalLectures on Surgery, during one winter and one summersession. Of practical stnrlv. with care of patients. 3.i’I

apprentice, pupil, assistant,- clinical clerk, or dresser, in

hospital, dispensary, or with a registered practitioner, whocan supply the necessary means of instruction. Of havingperformed Vaccination successfully under a vaccinator re-cognised by the Local Government Board.The Examination for the Licence is divided into two

parts. The first part comprehends Chemistry, includingPhysics, Botany, Anatomy, Physiology, Materia Medica,and Pharmacy ; the second, Medicine, Surgery, Pathology,Therapeutics, Midwifery, Forensic Medicine, and Hygiene.Candidates at the examination on Anatomy are liable to

be called on to perform dissections; and at the examinationon Surgery, to perform operations on the dead subject.The Professional Examinations will be held quarterly,

and will commence on the first and second Monday inJanuary, April, July, and October. They will be carriedon as follows :-The first part, on the first Monday, ateleven o’clock A.M. : and on the Tuesdav and Wednesdaysucceeding, at the same hour. Subjects: Chemistry,including Chemical Physics, and Botany, Monday ;Anatomy and Physiology, Tuesday ; Materia Medica andPharmacy, Wednesday. The second part, or final exami-nation, on the second Monday, at eleven o’clock A.M. ; andon the Tuesday and Wednesday succeeding, at the amehour; on Thursday Clinical Examination. Subjects : Medi-cine and Surgery, including Pathology and Therapeutics,Monday ; Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children,Tuesday ; Forensic Medicine and Hygiene, Wednesday ;Clinical Examination, Thursday.=’ A person, having first passed an examination in Arts, may be re.

gistered as a. "medical student" who has commenced the study of tbfprofession either at a medical school, hospital, or as an apprentice onpupil to a registered practitioner.

ARMY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT.6, Whitehall-yard, S.W.

Appointments in the Army Medical Department are

obtained by competitive examination, held in London twicea year-in February and August. A candidate must betwenty-one years of age, and not over twenty-eight, in goodhealth, and physically fit for service, and both his parentsof unmixed European blood. He must possess diplomas orlicences to practise Medicine and Surgery recognised by theGeneral Medical Council, and must be registered under theMedical Act; and he must furnish satisfactory certificatesthat he is of regular and steady habits, and likely in everyrespect to prove creditable to the department. The subjectsof examination, and the marks which may be gained foreach, are as follows :—Compulsory subjects: Anatomy andPhysiology, 1000; Surgery, partly Practical, 1000; Medicine,including Therapeutics, the Diseases of Women and Children,1000; Chemistry and Pharmacy, and a practical knowledgeof Drugs, 1000. Voluntary subjects : French and German(150 each), 300; Natural Sciences, 300.After passing the competitive examination, the candidates

are sent to Netley, where they are required to attend a fourmonths’ course of nractical instruction in Hygiene. Clinicaland Military Medicine, Clinical and Military Surgery,Pathology of Diseases and Injuries incident to MilitaryService. During this course they will be provided withquarters, receive 8s. a day pay, and have the relative rankof lieutenant in the army. The Secretary of State for Warhas power to nominate, without a competitive examination,on the recommendation of the governing bodies of publicschools of medicine in the United Kingdom or the colonies,a number of probationers, not exceeding half the vacancies inthe Department, but this power has never yet been exercised.The following table of the rates of pay, half-pay, and

gratuity may probably prove interesting to students whothink of entering’ the service :-

Surgeons are promoted to be Surgeons-Major on completingtwelve years’ full-pay service, of which three must have beenabroad. Surgeons-Major are promoted to Brigade Surgeonsby selection for ability and merit, but must have had eightyears’ foreign service ; and Brigade Surgeons, to be eligiblefor selection as Deputy Surgeons-General, must have servedabroad at least ten years, of which three must have been inIndia. All officers under the rank of Deputy Surgeon-Generalare placed on the retired list at the age of fifty-five, and thoseof that rank and Surgeons-General at the age of sixty.

. Medical officers, on the recommendation of a Board, areallowed six months’ sick leave on full pay; and this may beextended for a further period of six months on the recom-mendation of the Director-General. Medical officers on fullpay are entitled to quarters and a soldier servant, or a moneyallowance in lieu thereof; and those having the relative rankof field officer, to forage allowance for one or more horsesaccording to rank.

All applications for information respecting the examina-tions, and for schedules to be filled up by intending candi-dates, should be made to the Director General, ArmyMedical Department, 6, Whitehall-yard, S.W.

ARMY MEDICAL SCHOOL.Royal Victoria Hospital, Netley.

All gentlemen who have been successful in the competi-tive examinations, held twice a year (February and August),in London, for appointments in the medical services of the

430

Army (British and Indian) and of the Navy, attend sub- be determined by a Medical Board previous to the competi-sequently, at the Royal Victoria Hospital, a course of tive examination. On producing the foregoing qualifications,practical instruction in the duties they will have to perform the candidate will be examined in the following compulsoryin the public services. The course lasts four months ; at the subjects :-Anatomy and Physiology, Surgery, Medicineend of the session an examination is held to ascertain the (including Therapeutics and Diseases of Women andprogress made by the candidates, who are afterwards gazetted Children), Chemistry and Pharmacy, and a practical know-as surgeons. The Indian and Naval candidates take their ledge of Drugs. The eligibility of each candidate for theseniority according to the aggregate number of marks then Indian Medical Service will be determined by the result ofgained at both the London and the Netley examinations. the examinations in these subjects only. Candidates, whoThe recent Army Medical Warrant has ordained that there desire it, will be examined in French, German, andshall be no longer any competitive examination at the end of Hindustani, Comparative Anatomy, Zoology, Naturalthe Netley Course, as heretofore, for the "probationers " of Philosophy, Physical Geography, and Botany with specialthat department ; but merely a qualifying or pass examina- reference to Materia Medica.tion, empowering the professors of the School to say of each After passing the Preliminary Examination, candidates"probationer" that he is either "fit" or " unfit." If " fit" will be required to attend one entire course of Practicalhe goes out of Netley with the same marks as he gained at Instruction at the Army Medical School, before being ad-the London examination. He gains no marks from his work mitted to examination for a commission, on Hygiene, Clini-at Netley, as heretofore, and as the candidates for the other cal and Military Medicine, Clinical and Military Surgery,services do. Competition for the Herbert prize, the Martin Pathology of Diseases and Injuries incident to MilitaryMemorial medal, and the Parkes Memorial medal, continues Service. These courses are to be of not less than fouropen to the probationers of the Army Medical Department months’ duration; but candidates who have already guneand to the candidates for the Indian and Naval Medical through a course at Netley as candidates for the Army orServices. The lectures on Military Surgery include gunshot Navy Medical Service may, if thought desirable, be exemptedand other wounds; arrangements for the transport of from attending the school a second time. At the conclusionwounded; duties of army surgeons in the field, during of the course, candidates will be required to pass an exami-sieges, on transports, &c. ; and other special subjects. Those nation on the subjects taught in the School. The examina-on Military Medicine refer to the tropical and other diseases tion will be conducted by the professors of the School. Theof the British possessions and colonies, and to the losses by position of the candidates on the list of surgeons will bedisease in peace and war, at home and abroad. The lectures determined by the combined results of the preliminary andon Hygiene comprise the examination of water and air, of of the final examinations, and, so far as the requirements offood, clothing, &c., of the soldier, his duties and exercise, the service will permit, they will have the choice of Pre-and the circumstances affecting his health; the subjects of sidency in India., according to their position in that list.meteorology, statistics, and the prevention of the different Pay at the rate of 10s. a day will be allowed from date ofdiseases met with in the army, on home or foreign service. passing final examination at the Army medical School, untilThe lectures on Pathology have reference chiefly to Morbid date of embarkation, when a passage is provided, or for aAnatomy and the scientific examination of tropical diseases, period of two months, when the surgeon is permitted to makeand of other complaints which the army surgeon is especially his own arrangements for passage. An advance of twocalled on to investigate. The candidates also attend the months’ pay will also be made on embarkation.wards of the hospital to study the diseases of invalids under N.B.-The examinations for admission to the Indianthe Professors of Medicine and Surgery, the system of Medical Service usually take place in February and August.recruiting, and the modes of keeping the army medical ____________

returns and records. They are also called on to makepost-mortem examinations, to operate on the dead body, and NAVAL MEDICAL SERVICE.

pass through courses of practical instruction in the labora- Admiralty, 9, New-street, Spring-gardens, S.W.

tory on the modes of analysing water and air and of reco- Every candidate desirous of presenting himself for ad-gnising the qualities and adulterations of food, and in the mission to the Naval Medical Service must not be undermicroscope-room on the modes of microscopic examination twenty-one nor over twenty-eight years of age. He mustof morbid tissues and of adulterations of food, &c. Visits produce a certificate from the district registrar, in whichare also paid at stated intervals to the lunatic hospital the date of birth is stated ; or, if this cannot be obtained,attached to the Royal Victoria Hospital, and instruction is an affidavit from one of the parents or other near relative,given on the subject of insanity by the surgeon-major in who can attest the date of birth will be accepted. Ile mustcharge. also produce a certificate of moral character signed by a

Candidates for commissions in each branch of the publ clergyman or a magistrate, to whom he has been for SOl.neservice, while at Netley, wear uniform, take their meals years personally known, or by the president or seniorthe Army Medical Department mess, and receive from the professor of the college at which he was educated. The can-Government an allowance towards cost of maintenance. didate must make a declaration that he labours under no

mental or constitutional disease, nor any imperfection or

INDIAN MEDICAL SERVICE disability that can interfere with the most efficient dischargeof the duties of a medical officer in any climate. He must

India Office, St. Jai)ie5’s-pa,,rk, S.W. also attest his readiness to engage for general service, andAll natural-born subjects of Her Majesty, between twenty- to proceed on foreign service when required to do so. The

two and twenty-eight years of age at the date of examina- candidate must be registered under the Medical Act in forcetion, and of sound bodily health, may be candidates. They at the time of his appointment as licensed to practise medicinemay be married or unmarried. They must possess a diploma and Surgery in Great Britain or Ireland.in Surgery, or a licence to practise it, as well as a degree Candidates will be examined by the Exainining Board inin Medicine, or a licence to practise it, in Great Britain or the followng subjects :-Anatomy and Physiology; Surgery;Ireland. They must subscribe and send in to the Military Medicine (including Therapeutics and the Diseases of WomenSecretary, India Office, so as to reach that address at least a and Children) ; Chemistry and Pharmacy, and a practicalfortnight before the date fixed for the examination, a decla- knowledge of drugs. (The examination in Medicine andration containing an attestation that they are ready to pro- Surgery will be in part practical, and will include operationsceed on duty immediately on being gazetted, that they on the dead body, the application of surgical apparatus, andlabour under no mental or physical disability, and that they the examination of medical and surgical patients at the bed-possess a recognised degree or licence to practise both Medi- side.) Eligibility will be determined by the result of thecine and Surgery. This declaration must be accompanied examinations in these subjects only.by proof of age, either by extract from a register of births, Candidates who desire it will be examined in Comparativeor, when such is unattainable, by the candidate’s own Anatomy, Zoology, Natural Philosophy, Physical Geology.declaration, form of which can be obtained at the India and Botany with special reference to Materia Medica, alsoOffice, a certificate of moral character from n. magistrate or in French and German ; and the number of marks gained ina minister of the religious denomination to which the can- these subjects will be added to the total number obtained iudidate belongs, who has personally known him for at least the obligatory part of the examination by candidates whothe two years preceding the date of his application ; and a shall have been found qualified for admission, and whosecertificate of registration, in accordance with the Medical position on the list of successful competitors will thus be im-Act of 1858, of the degrees, diplomas and licences possessed proved in proportion to the knowledge of these branches, ei

by the candidate. The physical fitness of candidates will science.