311
University of South Wales 2059528 Bookbinding Co. Soui n Wa es Tei:(01222) 395882

University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

University of South Wales

2059528

Bookbinding Co.

Soui n Wa es

Tei:(01222) 395882

Page 2: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDICES

Page 3: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 1 THE ARTICLE PRODUCED DURING THIS RESEARCH

AND THE RESPONSE TO IT

Al

Page 4: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995

Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model for time/cost calculations

FIRST STAGE COMPUTER SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE DURATION AND COST ESTIMATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF A TYPICAL MULTI-STOREY CONCRETE FRAMED OFFICE BUILDING PROVIDING RAPID RESPONSE TO CHANGES IN INPUT VALUES AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE DURATION AND COST OF THE PROJECT

E. Laptali, N. Bouchlaghem and S. Wild

University of Glamorgan, Department of Civil Engineering and Building, Treforest, Pontypndd, Mid Glamorgan, CF37 1DL. UK

The current model is confined to multi-storey concrete framed office buildings with particular types of foundations and roof and choices within the building envelope, but it has the potential for further development to include wider choice. The flexibility provided by Leonardo will allow, claim the authors, a staged development without affecting the structure of the model,Le rnodeie actuei est hmite aux unmeubles de bureaux a stages, a ossauire beton, dotes de certains types de fondations, de toitures et d' elements d'enveioppe. Iviajs ii presente un mteressant potentiei de developpement pour la prise en compte de choix beaucoup plus varies. Les auteurs estiment que ia souplesse d' exploitation inherente au Leonardo permettre un developpement phase sans atteinte a la structure meme du modeieKeywords: concrete frame construction, simulation, time/cost model, UK

Varous computer-based nme and cost modeis hitroduction have been developed since the 1980s. Current effort

able, whereas others rely en intuition ^f*^' h ' methods 'Simulation' presents the structure of ence. The selection of manpower materials and the ^° * h fracture refers to how the

C96i-3218 C 1995E&F.N Spon

Page 5: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

228 LAPTALI, BOUCHLACHE.M AN2 WILD

where for a range of starting values, the model ;s capable of generating an entire collection of potential solutions Monte Carlo Simulation is an example of simulation applied to the generation method The 'Optimization method' evaluates a series of solutions and searches for the best solution for the given criteria.

Each method has its limitations in providing a rsahstic solution to the practical problems of estimating time and cost, and future refinements are expected to reduce these limitations. One approach to .mprovmg effectiveness would be to combine two or more of the existing methods which is a principal feature of the current research project.

A rnulti-storey reinforced concrete office build­ ing has been chosen on which to base the model It was considered that the disadvantages of construc­ tion of in situ concrete framed buildings [4], especially being more labour intensive than the ether frame types, provide a considerable basis for the application of combination of simulation and optimization techniques

The duration and cost of construction of a multi- storey reinforced concrete office building is calculated through the simulation model. The model provides a set of choices for the selection cf materials and plant and possible methods of work. It also reguires the user to input the quantities of work, gang sizes and the quantity of plant required, lag values between activities, output rates, unit costs of plant, labour costs anci indirect costs. A linked bar chart is drawn automatically by using the data available from the simulation model.

The optimization component, which is still under development also uses the data provided by the simulation model. The aim is to evaluate sets of solutions, in terms of time vs cost to obtain the optimum time corresponding to the minimum cost under the given schedule restrictions.

This paper presents the structure of the simula­ tion model, the variables, and the procedures considered for duration and cost calculations Additionally the validation and limitations of the simulation model are discussed

Data acquisition

The data/information required to be built into the mode] were accessed from a number of sources. These sources are:

1. Bills of quantities and bar charts of reinforcedconcrete office buildings which were obtained fromtwo main contractors m the UK.2 Information acquired during interviews withconstruction Planners, Estimators and ResearchersFive 2 h interviews were conducted with two ChiefPlanners. Two Ih interviews were conducted withiwo Chief Estimators and the m-house Researchersat one of the contractors provided cost analysis datarelated to the subcontracting work3. Wessex Building Pries Book and SMM74 Output rate calculation guide for excavationplant provided by the plant manufacturers.5. Data provided within published literature.

Table 1. Costs of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buldinffs

Activity name Per cent of the total cost (approximate value)

Frame and Clacciing, Roof

The construction activities

For the selection of activities which were to toe included in the model, two principal criteria were employed Firstly the effect of the activity on the overall cost and secondly the effect of the activity on the overall duration of the project.

From a cost perspective, it was decided to include the items which cover 80% of the costs for reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings When the cost analysis published by the Building Magazine (Oci,19s4, Get, 1993) was combined with

cost analysis of sub-contracting by one cf the contractors, the following items were identified as summing up approximately 80% of the total cost for reinforced concrete multi storey office buildings (see Table 1)

The literature review [5] and interviews showed that the following should be included in the activity list when duration criteria are considered1. Site establishment and clearance.2. Foundations.3. Finishes.

Activities (1) and (2) (site establishment and foundations) are the first activities undertaken on a construction site, and impose physical constraints on scheduling. The 'finishes' were stated during the interviews to be the most critical activities for the completion of the project on time.

Model structure

The structure of the simulation model can be divided into three sections These are the time/ cost model, the data files and the bar chart The user inputs the required information and data into the time/cost mcdel. The input is stored in data files The stored data are processed by the time costmodel and. are used for drawing the automatedlinked bar chart (see Fig 1).

Time/cost model structureThe time/cost mode! was divided into two modules Module A and Module B. This was because two different procedures of duration and cost calcula­ tions were employed and activities with the same calculation procedures were grouped mtc the same module.

In practice duration may be derived by calcula­ tion, by ^notation from a specialist or by assessment on past experience [61. In the current programme both duration and cost of construction tasks and activities under Module A are calculated by using

Page 6: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

REINFORCED CONCRETE MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDINGS

'Tins' Cost Model ! —' — <-)

Files

Fig. 1. Information I data Row in the simulation model.

the user input data while both cost and duration of Module B activities are by quotation.

Module AModule A includes the activities of site establish­ ment and clearance, substructure, superstructure and building envelope. These activities have been presented as the combination of certain construction tasks (see Appendix 1). The information which is built into Module A comprises: resources required for carrying out the activities, output rates of plant and labour, formulae for cost/duration calculations and a breakdown of the project's main activities into ccnstructicn tasks.

Module BFinishes and services are presented in Module B. Due to tils detailed snci specialist work involved for these two activities the user is asked to input the total duration and cost estimate for the tasks listed in Appendix 2.

Data required for the calculation of cost and duration

For the calculation of project cost and duration the following steps were undertaken.

i. ^aiCUiation GI i^irsc* cost anu. laUfaticn icr eacu task and consequently for each activity under Module A.2 Calculation of direct and indirect cost, and duration of the entire project by combining results from Module A and Module B.

The formulae used for the calculation of cost (A-) snr- clurdt'on ^A "^ for sdch tdsic can tie found vyitlim Appendix 3 and are based on Unit Rate Estimating'. Unit Rate Estimating :s the calculation of the activity cost, based en the quantity of work and the total time available to perform the task [7] After calculating the direct cost and duration of tasks under the main activities, the direct cost of the mam activities can be calculated by adding each task's cost under that activity. The toiai cost of an activity includes the indirect costs as well as the direct costs. Indirect costs are those COSTS which are assessed for the entire project and are net related to individual activity durations. Thus, the total project cost is calculated by adding the direct costs of all activities to the indirect costs.

For the calculation of project duration not only the duration of each task but also :he lag values between them must be known.

The preceding discussion and formulae show that m order to calculate the 'cost' and duration of Doi'n acuviues ana trie wnoie project, user input is needed for the information concerning the quantityof work the unit oo»te of plant/labour and material,

Bar chart j tt:e unlts of plant/labour and material, the lag values and indirect costs.

Resources required for carrying out the activities, related output rates and unit costsResources required lor carrying out the activities are materials, labour and plant. There are more than 20 screens designed for the input of quantity cf materials. These were designed to suit the format cf a typical Bill of Quantities (employing SMM7J for ease of input Alternatively the information could be taken from building drawings, specifications and schedule of rates. The planners interviewed stated that there needed to be more material types to be added to the 'Building Envelope' section. Thus additional input screens are provided for the description of extra materials for cladding Where a gang of labourers is needed for an activity to be carried out, the user inputs the number of labourers to be employed within that gang.

To minimize user input the Wessex Building Price Bock wss used as s source of output rates during the development of the model. However, the interviews with the companies indicated that construction firms preferred using their own rates and planners did not wish to employ a model with fixed rates in it. Consequently, although the labour output rates are built into the model, the user also has the option of inputting different values

Lion [8] siaied that building construction is more material and labour intensive than plant intensive. Plant costs represent a comparatively small propor­ tion of construction costs ranging probably around 5%. Although this may be the case for overall building construction; 'site establishment and clearance 1 is highly plant intensive Thus it was important to incorporate plant utilization in the model. The range of plant available is however too diverse for full inclusion in the model (refer to British Standard 6031 Earthworks for general descriptions). Wessex Day works Plant Guide [10] states that a typical list of plant used in building operations would include JOB 3CX, Hyrr.ac 580. ivnHt with 4rn^ Bucket li'Th! cinci hedvir vibr3tinrt roller and concrete mixer The plant manufacturers ICB. Wacker and Bormag were contacted and from the information provided the following were included in the mode, as choices of excavation and vibration plant. Ten backhoes and crawlers with bucket sizes ranging from 0 04 nr to 2.25 m 3 and eight vibration rammers and plates witn output rates ranging from i50irrh~" to iC5Cm~h

The formula (supplied by JCB) to calculate output rates for excavation plant is:

E x 60 x Br(1)

where: E = efficiency factor (dimensionless); Oe = output rate of an excavator {m"h"'); Bc = bucket capacity (m3 ); C = corrected cycle time (h).

The bucket capacities of the excavation plant are provided by the manufacturers. The user can see fiittse uf! uie iftpuf screen while ctiocsrng- rtte excavation plant. Thia allows the uoer TO ohoo=<= iho machine that fits most closely to requirements

Page 7: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

230 LAPTALi, BOUCHLAGHEM AND WILD

To determine the plan: output rate it is neces­ sary to determine the corrected cycle time from the basic cycle time

Basic cycle time is the rime taken for an excavation plant to load, manoeuvre, dump and return to dig. However, in. working conditions the cycle time is not equa. to the sum of these actions as the performance of excavation plant is affected by various factors. These are depth of the excavation, typs of material to bs excavated, rrr>s of the tails'. into which the excavated material will be unloaded, slew angle of the excavator, qround conditions. and the status of the operator. Thus, corrected cycle time is calculated by adding the compensation figures for the aoove factors to the basic cycle time of the particular excavator. Additional to the above factors that affect the cycle time, there may be some interruptions due to operator breaks, maintenance and job holdups. The effect of these factors are accounted, for by the efficiency factor (E). Ml the factors and basic cycle time for each excavator were provided by the JCB manufacturer.

Additional to the input of resources required to be used and output rates corresponding to these resources, the unit cost of the resources are also asked to be input by the user

The precedence relationshipsThe precedence relationships of activities are dependent on the constraints on scheduling. Echev- ery and colleagues [10] divides these constraints into four groups. Physical relationships among building components trade interactions, path inter­ ferences, and code regulations.

The sequence of works are well defined in repetitive construction processes [11] Birrell [12] emphasizes that multi-storey office building con­ struction requires sequential waves of work espe­ cially for the shell. More specifically Karthsm and Levitt [14] state that the physical relationships themselves can be used to generate much of the

ing projects However, it should be noted that for the cases of external and internal cladding, finishes and services there can not be a particular activity that can be generalized as being the preceding task There­ fore, it is assumed that these activities can start any time preceding staircases from ground to first floor Thus, the user has to specify the floor of the staircases that will be succeeded by me external and internal cladding, finishes and services.

The precedence relationships between activ­ ities require that before an activity can start, all the activities that precede it, should be partially or wholly completed. For this, four types of prece­ dence relationships can be established between two sequential tasks /These are nnish-to-start. start-to- finish, start-to-start, and fimsh-to-finish dependen­ cies where each can include a lag value. Bar charts reported in the literature and those used by the participating construction firms showed that start-to- stai! and nnish-to-start precedence relationships are the most widely used sequencing. 3ased on theabove discussion and the validation of the pro­ gramme, siart-to-3tart precedence with lag values

was incorporated in the model although finish :o start relationship can also be easily adopted

Indirect costsThere have been different approaches :c what constitute the indirect costs [14,15], The items included within this model are the ones which are stated under the Project Overheads Schedule' m Code of Estimating Practice [7]

Output and validation

Output is displayed in two forms; output screens and linked bar chart. An output screen for each activity displays the duration and direct cost calculated for each construction task included under that activity. There is also an output screen displaying total project cost and duration. The linked, bar chart is produced utilizing the data or. duration oE activities, lag values between activities, and number of floors.

The time and cost model which utilizes the Leonardo knowledge based system and the linked bar chart which has been developed using QBasic programming language are automatically linked to each other enabling the bar chart to be called from the Leonardo system. Exiting the bar chart brings the user back to the time and cost model.

The validation of the results obtained from the model was undertaken in two stages, validation of the duration values, and validation of cost values A bill of quantities for a hypothetical six-storey reinforced concrete office block was prepared The validation of the duration values was achieved by comparing the bar charts produced by two Planners from the participating companies for the

•Esc' ro Exir.

week a ', 1

SUBSTRUCTURE: [i •

(11 Excavate: i :Topsoii M | |

(21 Reduce Ml., L«v,l j 1 , |

(3) Excavate' ] ;Compact ! j i 1 F<Jns , j

i(4; Blinding; J

Fdns |

2

111II

1

, i

"'Ti

3.iii|!|in

1

i1i

IIIilij1

|

1

i f

« 5

Nil'II

'

I

||i ji

&1 II1 1 • II1 II

II

]l| !] [ i i

<

- ———— P.•> j'!!i; |!i:|iill' ii

1t • i;t

8

;i

i

i!

•3

:,!

i

1

i

i

1

:o1 1

. I 1'IJ

1 t

; i(

!|iiii

(5) Foraworkl

Fig. 2. Display of the linked bar chart.

Page 8: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

,TE MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDINGS 23i

•Esc' to Exit

.oofAsphalt

figr. 3. Display of the linked bar chart.

hypothetical building with the bar chart produced from the computer model. The model gave exactly the same duration results when the data used by the planners v/ere input into the model Figure 2 and Fig. 3 illustrate the First and the las: screen displays for the linked bar chart drawn for the hypothetical building mentioned above. Figure 4 shows the linked bar chart drawn by one of the planners As the estimators were not able to use their own unit cost data, hypothetical costs were employed and the

validation of cost values was achieved by comparing manually calculated costs with those produced by the computer rnocisi. Good ayrcenioni was achisvsd

Limitations and future developments of the simulation model

The current limitations of the simulation model can be stated as follows

1. The simulation model is developed for multi­ storey (any building with rr.ore than two floors) buildings. The time/cost model can be developed for other frame types by adding information :n the 'Superstructure' section. However, a new bar chart has to be developed for The new frame type2. Ths 'uniqueness' of every construction project may require additional activities to be included. For*5Xdmr~j]o thp CHOiCC Of Qrlv on^ tvn? nf fnimrjatinr^ and roof, and the limited types of materials can be restrictive for some projects. However modules can be developed for calculation of duration and cost of these additional activities within the model.

The benefits obtained by the mode!

The benefits of employing the simulation model can be stated as follows

1 Output from the model is in an easily under­ standable form (linked bar chart) instead of presentation in figures.

Fig. 4. The linked bar chart drawn by a planner for the hypothetical building.

Page 9: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

232 LAPTALI, BOUCHLAGHEM AND WILD

2. The effect en duration and cost, of changes inOutput IStSS, yaiiy SIZ8S au-j. GtfiGr input Va.lUG3. Call

bg rapidly observed Trig effect is also autcmaticaliy displayed in the linked bar chart. 3 Trie data input for a project can he used or updated for subsequent projects as all user input is stored into data ties and called back by the model 4. Trie simulation model can be used as a teaching or training aid which would help students be familiar with SMM7, bill of quantities, and the interaction between some of the procedures for planning and estimating.

Conclusion

A simulation model for the duration and cost estimation of the construction of a typical multi­ storey concrete framed building has been pre­ sented. This is part of an integrated model which will evaluate sets of time vs cost solutions and obtain the optimum time corresponding to the minimum cost under the given schedule restrictions. The duration and cost of a whole project is calculated within the simulation model and a linked bar chart is automatically drawn to present the duration values.

The model produced exactly the same duration and cost results as those manually provided by the Main Contractors, when the same input values were used (IB. output rates, unit costs, lag values, gang sizes) which establishes the reliability of the model. The model provides rapid response to changes in input values and their effect on the duration and cost cf the project. Also the effect is automaticallyHioT-\1:j"eiH in th^i lml/o»H Kar r^Viart It alsirt allnu/cjv^luf>jC* J \^±* *i* LIIU I»H*..I_M *Jdl W4CHL. ii u***.^ U -.L* W D

input to be stored in data files for future use on new pro;ects.

The current model is confined to multi-storey concrete framed office buildings with particular types of foundations and roof and choices within the building envelope, but it has the potential for further development to include wider choices. In addition a future development will be to buiid information into Module B for calculation of duration and cost in this module. The flexibility provided by Leonardo will allow a staged development without affecting the structure cf the model.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like io ihank the University of Glamorgan for providing funding for a research assistanship to carry out this research and Professor P. S. Coupe for providing the facilities in his department.

References

1 Cusack M (1384) The Use and Limitations ofW.Tfh»am;mr:il NArvrlplc in the Plcl^niTirr ~nH Cop;Tr(V of

Construction Projects Construction Management and Economics. 2, 219-24

2 Bennett ; and Ferry D (1987; Towards A Simulated

Model of the Total Construction Process. BuildingCost Modelling d.^c" Computers ^77-^

3 Newton. S. (1991) An Agenda For Cost Modelkr.c Research, Construction Management and Econom­ ics, 9, 97-112.

4. lihngworth. J.R (1993) Construction Methods and Planning. lstedn..E &FN Spoa, London.

5. Ashworth A and Skitmore R M. (1990) Accuracy in Estimating. Occasional Paper. No 27 CIOB

6. CIOB Report (1991)7. Code of Estimating Practice (1983) CIOB Publica­

tions8 Lion. E (1980) A Practical Guide to Bu:ld;r.g

Construction. Prentice Ha!!. London9 Wesse* Dny-vorks Plant Guide 1592/93, 1st edn .

Wessex Publishing Ltd10 Echevery. D. Ibbs. W and Kirn, S. (1991) Sequen­

cing Knowledge For Construction Scheduling, Jour­ nal ol Construction Engineering and Manaaemeni, 117. ! 18-30.

11 Baldwin, A and Thorpe, A, (1990) information Technology For Construction Cost Estimating. Habi­ tat International. 14, 137-63.

12. Birreii, O S. (1991) Factors and Variables to Induce the Effective Construction Schedules and Efficient Construction Management, In Quality and Economics in Building. 1st ed., pp 34-42, E & F N Spon, London.

13. Kartam. N. and Levitt, R E (1990) Intelligent Planning of Construction Projects, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering. 4, 155-75.

14. Scott. D and Kagin, M. (1992) Choosing the Most Appropriate Method of Construction with Computer Assistance. Cons(ruc(jo/i Management and Econom­ ics. 10, 153-77.

15 Tan, T H.M , Thorpe. A. and McCaRer, R. (1994) A Survey of Indirect Cost Estimating in Practice, Constriction Management and Economics 12. 31- 6,

Appendix 1. Activities under Module A

1. Site establishment and clearance:(a) Excavation of topsoil to be removed/ preserved(b) Excavation to reduce levels, (c; Excavation for basements.(d) Excavation for trenches.(e) Compaction of bottom of excavations.

2. Substructure-, (reinforced) concrete foundations

(a) Formwork erection.(b) Reinforcement construction(c) Plain/reinforced concrete placement.

3. Superstructure(a) Formwork erection.(b) Reinforcement construction.(c) Plain/reinforced concrete placement

4. Building envelope:(a) Brickwork and blockwork construction.(b) Roofing, reinforced concrete roof structure

(:) Formwork erection. (ii) Reinforcement construction. (:ii) Plain/reinforced concrete placement, (iv) Roof asphalting.

Page 10: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

REINFORCED CONCRETE MULTI-STOREY OFFICE BUILDINGS

Appendix 2, Activities under Module B1 Finishes:

(aj Internal finishes

(i) Wall fin;shes(II) Floor finishes.(III) Ceiling finishes.

fb) External finishes.

2 Services:

(a) Lifts.(b) Mechanical services(c) Electrical services.

Appendix 3. Formulae used for cost and duration calculations

A. = Qv. o.u

where, Ad = Duration of a construction task: Ac = Direct cost of a construction task: Qw s Quantity of work (q): O. = Output rate of particular equipment (labour per hour); U = Units required Ucl = Labour/ plant unit cost (£ per h); N = number of labourers employed; Ucm = Material unit cost (£ per q); q = Unit of quantity (m. m2 , rr. 3 , ton); U = Units required.

Page 11: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

REINFORCED CONCRETE

28 September 1995

Reinforced Concrete CouncilCentury House, Jeifocd Avenue,

Crowthorne, Berks RG45 6YSTelephone: (01344) 762676

Fax:(01344)761214

Messrs Capaii, Souchlagham & WildUniversity of GlamorganDept of Civil Engineering & BuildingTreforestPontypriddMid GlamorganCF37 !DL

Our Kef: CHG/U84/KJ

Dear Sirs

I was very interested in your article in Building Research and Information regarding a simu model for time/cost calculations.

The RCC has been involved with trying to optimise different forms of concrete construction for the buildings in our Cost Mode! Study. We have designed different forms of construction eg

Ribbed slabsFlat stab* using traditional loose bar with traditional linksFlat slabs using one-way mats and proprietary shear systems.

We have designed these at different thicknesses and hsvg estimated material cost differences. " e have iookccl at theoretical changes to the engineers fees due to degree of difficulty.

However, we have had great difficulty in estimating critical construction time differences far :h<; different forms of construction. Arc you in a position to help 0

We are pan-way through a DOi'. Pi'f project looking at rattona!i$aiion oCreintbrccment in tint siabs in ti\& run up to the construction of the in-situ concrete frame test facility at BRR Ordiraiior1. early next year. Perhaps there would be areas of mutual benefit and 1 would look forward ;o hearing from you.

Yours sincerely

Charles Goodchild

lincl. Cost Model Study

The RcrntOrcetf Cu*\Cr«1C Council i* 4pon sored by INt B'^ilh Cfrflitnl A»mc ia'.t-on , 1 »nd WiiC tild Co Sieel 5if « pic

Gompnny I Imfcrci ny g orr't, LJCFKI K(j-*S ^Y S conWrttc

Page 12: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 2 INTERVIEWS WITH THE CONSTRUCTION PLANNERS,

ESTIMATORS AND RESEARCHERS

A2

Page 13: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Introduction

During the development of the integrated model, various

interviews have been undertaken by construction practitioners

(planners, estimators and teaching company associates ) from the

companies Wimpey and Kyle Stewart Construction.

The interviews have been in structured form and undertaken

during different stages of the model. In general the aim of the

interviews have been;

(1) to get information/data that could be used for the

development of the model,

(2) to get the opinions of the practitioners related to the

model and its potential application areas,

(3) to validate the results from the model.

A2-1

Page 14: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interview No. 1

At : Wimpey Construction, Bristol

Date : 28/2/94

Aim: To get to know the company and introduce the aim of the

project.

The first interview with the collaborating establishment was

in the form of getting to know each other. Firstly, the aim of

the project was explained to the two planners and an estimator

from Wimpey and then the practitioners gave, in general terms,

some information about the firm and their job content.

Interview No. 2

At: Wimpey Construction, Bristol.

Date : 10/5/94

Aim: To acquire information about estimating and planning

procedures and to obtain the opinion of the planner about the

computer model for some more improvements on the model.

First some general questions were put to the planner about

the estimating and planning processes and their interaction.

After a discussion of these questions, the computer model was

presented to the planner, and some additional questions were

asked about the model.

A2-2

Page 15: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Section 1: General Estimating and Programming Questions.

Q(l.l) : How do you ( or Wimpey Construction Estimating and

Planning) define the stages of a construction project?

(a) Pre-tender - Tender - Pre-contract - Contract

(b) Pre-contract - Contract - Post-contract

A(l.l) : (a) The definition of stages at (a) was employed by

Wimpey. The planner defined the pre-tender stage as the stage

where the client listed the contractors that could go for the

tender from a starting list of many contractors.

To be selected to the tender list, the contractor has to

answer a set of questions of the client in a report. The

questions are mainly about:

- information about previous jobs,

- qualifications of staff,

- Health & Safety policies,

- Company structure,

- Quality assurance,

- Organisation charts

A2-3

Page 16: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

The planner complained that every client gave different

questions to be answered and this took a lot of time and money.

He wished that all of the clients asked the same questions.

The planner then added that after giving the report to the

client, some of the clients required an interview with the

project team (planner, estimator and project manager) to get a

feeling for the company. However, it was stated by the planner

that the decisions taken after these interviews were very

subjective, and they involved no scientific way of choosing the

contractor.

It was stated by the planner that the progress reports

during the contract stage were given to the client on a monthly

basis, and to the project manager on a weekly basis, (by the site

office)

Q(1.2) : How much of the information used in the estimating

process is required in the planning process during the tender

stage (traditional procurement)?

A(1.2) : The planner answered this question by saying "nearly a

100 percent". Then he added that the Bill of Quantities was used

by both departments, however while the estimators priced every

item in a bill, the planners summarised the items under main

headings and then used this information to produce a programme.

A2-4

Page 17: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

He also stated that both departments worked very closely

together, and to give an example, they worked together in

deciding the gang sizes and indirect costs.

Q(1.3) : What are the main characteristics that affect the degree

of accuracy of an estimate and a plan?

- Type/sophistication of project.

(Industrial/Commercial)

- Time to complete tender.

- In house resources available.

- Importance given by company to that particular

proj ect/tender.

- Number of packages to be sub-contracted/estimated.

- Amount of work to be completed/estimated my Main

Contractor's operatives.

- Accuracy of sub contractor's estimate.

- Fluctuations in cost, clients variations.

A(1.3): The planner stated that they never checked the accuracy

of an estimate when a project was completed. The accuracy of an

estimate was checked only if they lost a lot of money on the job.

He also added that they did not have any allowable margin for the

accuracy of an estimate, but it should be very accurate

especially in time of recession.

A2-5

Page 18: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

He also added that the estimator's work for a particular

project finished after the tender stage and QSs on site took the

responsibility of checking the costs.

However, he still made comments on the following points

which might affect the accuracy of an estimate.

(1) If time to complete tender is short the accuracy is affected

negatively.

(2) More people working on the estimate, estimate is more

accurate.

(3) More importance given to the tender, more accurate is the

estimate.

At this point, he stated that the biggest overhead cost in a

construction firm was the tendering team (planning, estimating),

and the tendering team was paid from the profit on site. On the

other hand the site staff are counted within the cost of the

site.

He also added that in the current year they had a tender

success ratio of 1 in 6.

A2-6

Page 19: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(4) Fluctuations in cost affect the estimated price. On some

jobs (ex: a hospital job they waited to built for 2 years)

where there are a lot of clients' variations, the estimate

is affected by these variations.

(5) The sub-contractors' estimates affect the tender price, and

the planner stated that there might be up to 40-50%

difference between the estimates of different sub­

contractors .

He also stated that if a sub-contractor was busy, the

estimate from that sub-contractor was usually high.

The planner stated that Wimpey subcontracts all work, and

also stated that his company prices the main activities of

groundwork, brickwork, joints, carpentry, concrete, formwork,

reinforcement to check the estimates from the subcontractors.

(6) Most companies preferred front end loading, as the cost of

the project at the beginning was high due to the high cost

of site set up and foundations.

If back end loading was preferred then the company had to

borrow money from a bank and this affected the estimated cost.

A2-7

Page 20: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

He said that if there was front end loading, or back end

loading for the project it was stated in the bill of quantities

(in the preliminaries) . Thus the estimate was done according to

that.

Q(1.4) : What type of structure, steel or concrete, is more

commonly found in office building projects?

A(1.4) : The planner stated that one could not generalise that

concrete or steel was more common. It all depended on the job.

Concrete provided the flexibility where steel provided speed.

However, he also pointed out that steel structures were more

preferred within the UK construction industry.

Section 2: Questions Relating to the Computer Model.

Q(2.1): Can the Pareto distribution (20/80 : i.e.; 20 % of work

accounts for 80% of cost) be applied to the activities included

within the programme for a Commercial project? If not, what is

the percentage of those activities included for the development

of an office building.

A(2.1): The planner gave the following percentages of cost.

10 % Foundations 50 % RC Frame, Roof, External cladding

10 % Finishes 30 % Mechanical

A2-8

Page 21: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Thus, the activities included within the Simulation Model

account for nearly 60 % of the cost of the work.

Q(2.2): Can you say that the activities used within the computer

model are the critical activities for office building

development?

A(2.2): The planner stated that the activities were the critical

ones but there needed to be finishes at the end. He also said

that in some projects finishes affected the duration more than

for others.

Q(2.3): Do you believe the currently completed part of the

programme has any use in industry?

(a) Yes, why?

(b) No, why not?

A(2.3): The planner answered this question by a " Yes". He then

pointed out that although the computer model was restricted to

certain activities, it was a good guideline and it could be used

as a training tool within the planning and estimating

departments.

A2-9

Page 22: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Q(2.4): Do you believe that the programme would help students to

understand the following processes more easily:-

(a) the use and format of bills of quantities (SMM7),

(b) the estimating and planning processes,

(c) the interdependence and interaction of the estimating and

planning processes and disciplines?

A(2. 4): The planner thought, the computer model would be a very

useful tool to teach the above points to students. He also added

that most students leave university without seeing any bill of

quantities.

He also stated that estimating and planning departments

worked very closely with each other and it was very important for

the students to learn that.

Q(2.5): Is the information asked for during the execution of the

programme available during the tender stage?

A(2.5): "Yes". Then the planner added that the procedure employed

in the programme was the same procedure employed by the planning

and estimating departments during the tender stage.

A2-10

Page 23: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Q(2.6): Do you (Wimpey) take into account the loss in

productivity due to the increase in the number of

operatives/labour?

A(2.6): The planner stated that they did take productivity loss

into account due to an increase in the number of operatives,

however there was no scientific formula used for it. He said that

a good estimate was needed for it. He also pointed out that there

were a lot of variables that had an effect on the productivity

like the effect of weather, complexity of the job, age of the

operative, overtime work.

(a) Is productivity affected by shift work?

The planner answered "yes", as they had to work under none

natural lightning.

(b) Is productivity affected by over time?

The planner answered "yes" as they get tired.

A2-11

Page 24: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Section 3: Usage of Programme.

Q(3.1): What part of the programme can be improved to make it

more user friendly ?

A(3.1): The planner stated that the programme would be more user

friendly if it was possible to see the quantities of work and the

output rates together and also by being able to print them.

Section 4: Any Other Comments.

(1) The planner stressed the point that planning could not be

standardised as every project was unique and there were so many

different work combinations for a project.

(2) The planner stated that Wessex and Spons were very generous

with their output rates and unit prices, but they provided good

guidelines.

A2-12

Page 25: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interview No. 3 :

At : Kyle Stewart , London

Date : 21/6/94

Aim: Getting information about the contribution of different sub­

contracting packages on project cost.

The researchers (Teaching Company Associates) provided some

data about the percentage (%) of main sub-contracting packages in

a contract price. The findings were achieved through a teaching

company programme with Loughborough University of Technology. The

following table presents their findings.

SUBCONTRACT PACKAGES

Percentage (%) of Total Design and Construct :

Electrical :

Cladding

Mechanical

Frame

Ground Works

Contract Price

Minimum %

6.4

5

5.5

2.7

4

(Traditional &

Maximum %

31.1

28.2

27

26.8

19

A2-13

Page 26: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interview No. 4 :

At : Wimpey Construction, Bristol

Date : 4/7/94

Aim: Validation of the Results Obtained by Running the Computer

Model

The aim of this interview was to create a hypothetical

reinforced concrete office building, prepare the bill of

quantities for it and finally calculate the duration and cost of

construction.

Before the interview a bill (of quantities) was prepared

which included the item names that have been built into the

simulation model.

During the interview, the planner drew the plan, the

elevation and some sections which belonged to a hypothetical

concrete framed office building. (See Appendix 5 for the

drawings)

The reason for using a hypothetical building was to cover

items identical to those in the computer model so that all parts

would be validated. Also the planner was not able to authorise

the loan of any bills of quantities held by the company.

A2-14

Page 27: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

During the preparation of the bill of quantities, the

planner suggested leaving out some items and adding others to

make the model more suitable for reinforced concrete office

blocks. These were:

(1) Take out the "stainless steel for reinforcement" as

stainless steel was not used in office buildings for

reinforcement.

(2) Add brickwork and blockwork for external walls, in addition

to internal walls.

(3) Add asphalt for roofing.

The planner calculated the duration for carrying out each

activity by using their own output rates and gang sizes.

It was agreed that the next step would be to input the

values into the computer model and compare the final duration

values with the values obtained by the planner. Then in the next

interview, the differences between the results could be discussed

and also a bar chart could be drawn.

It should be noted here that the same bill of quantities for

the hypothetical building was given to the planner in Kyle

Stewart and a bar chart was drawn by that planner, too.

A2-15

Page 28: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interview No. 5 :

At: Wimpey Construction, Bristol

Date: 25/7/94

Aim: The Validation of the Results, Obtained by Running the

Computer Model

The aim of this interview was to continue working on the

calculations of duration of activities of the hypothetical

building which was designed in the previous interview.

The planner had finished the duration calculations and drew

a bar chart for these by using PowerProject programming software.

The planner and the researcher discussed the following matters

relating to the bar chart.

The Main Differences Between the Planner's Bar Chart and the Bar

Chart Drawn by the Computer Model.

(1) The planner put the brickwork headings after all the

concrete work was finished. The researcher stated that in

her programme the bar chart showed the brickwork after each

floor. The planner stated that this was not an important

difference but it is usually preferred by the planners to

"keep like items together in a programme". He also stated

that generally brickwork started after at least 3 floors of

concrete work had been finished.

A2-16

Page 29: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(2) The researcher also realised that the planner put the RC to

stairs on the same line for all floors, not after each floor

as the researcher did in her programme. The planner also

said it would not matter if you put all the RC for stairs

together or in each floor separately as RC for stairs was

not critical and could finish any time before the end of the

project.

(3) The planner stated that there was usually 3 weeks lead

between the start times of concrete work (to columns) to two

floors.

(4) The planner stated that although the duration of concrete

work was the same for all of the floors on the bar chart, it

was better to employ a learning curve for the labour in a

job like this (repetitive construction).

Time and Cost Relationship:

(1) The planner stated that the most important item in terms of

time and cost relationship was formwork because if the

completion time of the project was extended the formwork

could be used over and over again which would decrease the

cost of formwork and eventually the direct cost of the

project.

A2-17

Page 30: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(2) Direct cost calculations: The planner stated that it was a

good decision in the computer model to ask the unit

cost/price of the resources from the user, as the unit

cost/price would fluctuate from time to time and place to

place and would depend on the availability of the resources.

(3) Indirect cost calculations: The planner stated that after

the calculation of the duration of the project the cost

preliminaries would be calculated accordingly. He stated the

following main headings would be employed for most of the

jobs.

(a) Cost of supervision.

(b) Hutting on site.

(c) Erect and dismantle the huts.

(d) Compound areas for huts to stand on.

(e) Security.

(f) Hoarding and temporary fencing.

(g) Notice board.

(h) Telephone instalment and rental.

(i) Office furniture and equipment.

(j) Plant used (Plant schedule).

(k) Erect and dismantle plant

(1) Scaffolding

(m) Transport of offices/plant

(n) Sundries:

A2-18

Page 31: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(nl) Samples

(n2) Testing

(n3) Protection

(n4) Survey Equipment

(n5) Printing drawings

(o) Cleaning the building,

(p) Drying out the building,

(q) Attendance on nominated sub-contractor,

(r) Temporary facilities:

(rl) Water

(r2) Electricity

(r3) Drainage

(r4) Access road

(s) Temporary works.

He finally stated that the preliminaries usually add up to

about 8-15 % of the direct cost for the project.

The Relationships Between the Activities:

The planner stated that at the tender stage the start

relationship between the activities were more important for the

project duration calculations.

A2-19

Page 32: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interviews No 6 & 7 :

At: Kyle Stewart Ltd., London, Wimpey Construction, Bristol.

Dates: 13/1/95, 20/1/95

Aim: To learn about the estimating procedure from the estimators.

The following are a combination of the answers from both of

the estimators.

Q(l) : What does the estimating procedure include?

A(l) : It includes mainly the unit pricing of the contract bills.

This consists of all the preparation required before pricing,

drawing up and sending out of enquiries for various materials or

works within the bill of quantities. The person responsible for

the enquiries should be familiar with the sources of supply for

materials and with the sub-contractors available in the area

where the project is to be undertaken. This is usually undertaken

by the co-operative work of the estimating and the buying

departments.

Q(2) : What are the main elements included in the unit rate

estimating?

A(2) : These are mainly labour and materials and additionally

plant.

A2-20

Page 33: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Q(3): What do you consider as the unit labour cost for the

labour working in a gang with different skill levels ?

A(3) : Firstly, the weekly cost, i.e. wage, of a labourer is

calculated by multiplying the hourly rate by the total number of

hours expected to be worked each week. The hourly rate includes

the basic hourly pay plus minimum bonus, plus additions to the

basic hourly rate paid as attraction, travelling time, expenses

and subsistence allowances, employers' and public liability

insurance, tool money, sickness benefit payments and holidays

with pay scheme. Additionally national insurance and pensions;

and guaranteed week allowances which are expressed as a percent

of the net wages paid.

The net hourly labour cost is calculated by dividing the

total weekly cost by the actual hours to be worked. The gang

rates are then calculated by considering the proportion of

skilled, unskilled and semi-skilled labour that work together in

a gang.

Q(4): How do you consider the material unit costs?

(A4) : These are requested from the suppliers or manufacturers by

quotation. In this way, it is ensured that the unit rates are up

to the current market rate. The unit rates should include mainly

the basic price, less discounts other than those for cash,

A2-21

Page 34: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

allowances for waste, unloading, stocking, getting in, and

distributing around site. Including all these factors provides a

more accurate material cost.

Q(4) : How do you consider the plant costs?

A(4) : It depends on the use of the plant. If a particular plant

is required for a particular task, the cost of it is calculated

by the unit rate estimating method. However, the type of

equipment and plant which has various uses (e.g. a tower crane)

or is used by different trades is included under 'preliminaries'

as a bulk cost.

Q(5) : What are the advantages of using unit rates representing

costs only, i.e. not including overheads and profit.

A(5) : Using unit rates representing costs only has two main

advantages:

(1) If a percentage is added to each unit rate, rounding-up the

figures may be required (to the nearest Ip or 0.5p). This may add

a considerable amount to the total estimate for some very large

projects and may result in loosing the job because of too high a

tender price.

A2-22

Page 35: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(2) If an overhead or profit element is added after all the unit

rates are completed, it will not be easy to make adjustments to

all the items.

Q(6) : Do you use any computer packages for estimating?

A(6) : Yes. Mainly as an aid to cut out the repetitive

calculations for similar or common items. However, these are only

an aid during the estimating procedures as 'estimating is an art

not a science 1 and some procedures cannot be formulated.

Q(7): Do you work closely with the planners?

A(7) : Sometimes. The contract duration is used while calculating

the cost of time based items under preliminaries, i.e. the

indirect costs. Thus, calculation of a realistic duration is very

important for a realistic estimate. If the estimated contract

duration is too short, the time based items will be undervalued

and it may cause a loss for the contract. If it is too long, it

may mean a loss of competitiveness due to too high a cost for the

time based items.

Q(8) : How do you account for the productivity loss which results

from an increase in the amount of labour in a gang to accelerate

work?

A2-23

Page 36: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

A(8) : (Wimpey) We use 3 labourers as the maximum number of

labourers to be a 100% productive in a gang. However, this number

may be different for other estimators in other companies.

A2-24

Page 37: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interview 8 :

At: Wimpey Construction, Bristol

Date: 20/1/95

Aim: To obtain the opinions of the planners on optimisation

applications.

(Ql) Do you always plan for a given project duration?

(Al) "Not always. For 75% of projects the client gives a project

duration which is required. At the same time, the client normally

asks about the benefits of working to a duration given by the

company. Experienced clients (like Sainsburys asking for the

construction of a superstore) usually know how long it takes to

finish a project. This duration normally only changes with

different ground conditions."

(Q2) Do you employ any optimisation technique during pre­

tender/pre-contract stages?

(A2) "No. But we use 'what if situations for the use of

resources and choose the resources that would satisfy the

requirements of the client. We usually know what resources are

available on the market. To give an example, if there are two to

three big reinforced concrete frame building construction

projects in progress at one time in Bristol, they would roughly

know the number of men available in Bristol to carry out a new

A2-25

Page 38: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

reinforced concrete frame building. If the resources are not

available in that particular area, they look further afield to

other areas. Depending on the availability of resources the

market rates may change accordingly. Thus they try to achieve

tender values as 'optimum 1 as possible for the conditions of that

particular project. This is one form of optimisation which they

employ during pre-tender and pre-contract stages which is

somewhat empirical."

(Q3) To be able to finish a project in a shorter duration than

calculated or required, would you employ more resources (plant

and labour) or overtime work?

If you employ more resources, do you make allowances for the

productivity loss due to overcrowding and congestion?

If you employ overtime work, how do you account for the cost

increase?

(A3) Although at times more resources are employed to accelerate

the work it should be noted that the duration does not decrease

in direct proportion to the resource increase. For example if it

takes 4 men to build a roof in 6 weeks, on doubling the work

force to eight men it will take longer than 3 weeks to construct

the roof. This is because efficiently decreases with the larger

numbers of workers due to increased congestion. There is no

A2-26

Page 39: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

formula or scientific procedure which can be used to predict the

exact outcome and it is left to quotations by the subcontractors

to determine the cost.

In cases where the duration required by the client for the

completion of the project is too short, the contractor would

suggest that it would be cheaper to build over a longer period.

However the client has to take cash flow and the funding

situation into consideration for a longer duration.

(Q4) Are there any cases where the total indirect cost of a

project is greater than total direct cost?

(A4) No. Not even in very specialised work like the second Severn

Crossing. Even in that project the indirect costs would be about

20% of the direct costs. Usually it is 10-12%.

(Q5) Do you take resource limitations into account during pre­

tender and pre-contract planning?

(A5) No. If the company says it cannot provide the resources, it

will not get the job. It is always assumed there are resources

available. The availability of resources is all a matter of

supply and demand. In some cases getting the resources is not

only achieved by paying the market rate but also including

A2-27

Page 40: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

additional attractions such as bonus payments or paying at

greater than the market.rate.

(Q6) Can we say that total indirect cost is equal to 0 when the

construction of the project has just started (i.e. project

duration is 0)?

(AS) Yes, that can be assumed for traditional procurement.

(Q7) What is your opinion of optimisation applications?

(A7) At tender when you put the tender price, the cost of the

project is only an estimate. Only during and after the

construction of the building do you discover whether the values

were optimum or not. If the project falls behind schedule and

profit falls it shows that your tender estimates of time and cost

were not the optimum.

A2-28

Page 41: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interviews No 9 & 10 :

At: Wimpey Construction, Bristol, Kyle Steward Ltd., London.

Dates: 10/10/95, 17/10/95

Aim: The Opinions of the Planners on the Model

After the completion and the validation of the model, the

opinions of the three planners (two from Wimpey and one from KS)

were sought to give their assessment of the model. Their opinions

can be summarised as follows:

(1) In its current form, the model could be used for training

within large construction firms and also for estimating and

planning by medium sized contractors. Additionally,

competition within the construction industry requires firms

to tender for as many contracts as is possible. Thus, this

model could be used to help less experienced planners and

estimators to prepare some of the many tenders.

(2) Any future development of the model should include steel

frame structures as steel frames are currently more widely

used in the UK.

(3) While deciding on purchasing such a model construction firms

would give greatest emphasis to two criteria. These are, the

accuracy of the results, and the purchasing/operating cost

benefit ratio.

A2-29

Page 42: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(4) The use of only physical constraints on the lag values are

found to be sufficient for repetitive work.

(5) The detail of the model is ideal for the pre-tender and pre­

contract planning stages.

(6) The detail in the output presentation is sufficient enough

for different management levels. However, it would be an

advantage to display the costs of labour, material and plant

separately.

(7) It was stated that although accelerating the project is not

usually considered during the tendering procedure, there

have been cases where optimisation has been applied as an

approach in extending the planned project duration to meet

the requirements of the client.

(8) It was stated that the linked bar chart is currently the

only programming technique that is used by the

practitioners. Although the linked bar chart drawn by the

model is stated to be sufficient for the current

development, it would require modification if additional new

activities were to be included within the model. It was also

stated that clients sometimes ask for programmes and related

information to be provided a floppy disk and thus they

prefer the tender programme to be produced using the

A2-30

Page 43: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

computer software that is available to them. Thus, the model

would be accepted by the industry if it could also interact

with the currently employed bar chart drawing computer

programmes.

(9) It was stated that neither of the firms utilise any computer

model which combines both cost and duration estimation.

However, use of such a programme would help to change the

structure of the industry by enabling the estimators and

planners to work closely together.

(10) For the effects of uncertainty on cost and duration

estimates and intuition are used more than quantitative

methods. However, these are taken into account within the

output rates. Use of probabilistic models based on

techniques like Monte Carlo Simulation are too sophisticated

to be accepted by the industry.

(11) It would be an advantage for the model to provide cash flow

curves as the use of S curves has been increasing in the

industry especially after the introduction of the Private

Finance Initiative.

(12) While assuming a linear relationship between activity cost

and duration, the gang sizes are assumed to be increasing

one man at a time. However, for some trades (like steel

A2-31

Page 44: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

fixers, brickmen and carpenters) the gang sizes would not be

increased by one man only as they work in groups of two or

more. Thus, an incremental increase in gang sizes would be

more realistic.

(13) It was stated by one of the planners that the time taken for

reinforced concrete to achieve its required strengths

affects the duration and cost of the project due to the

different curing times needed. The model could be used to

compare the effect on project duration and cost of different

curing times and strengths of the reinforced concrete.

(14) One of the planners insisted that the future development of

the model should consider the development of the

'Superstructure' (reinforced concrete) section in more

detail which would provide a 'Reinforced Concrete Frame

Detailed Contract Programme 1 . He stated that this would mean

considering additional aspect to the model like concreting

of the floor slabs by dividing them into sections. The

possibility of checking the appropriateness of the model for

such a development was then suggested. This could be

achieved by comparing the input-process-output of the model

(i.e. 'superstructure' section) with some real project data.

Thus, the planner made arrangements to obtain some real

data from a recently completed reinforced concrete multi-

A2-32

Page 45: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

storey office building project. A new interview date was

arranged to get the information from the planner.

A2-33

Page 46: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Interview No 11 :

At: Wimpey Construction, Bristol.

Dates: 8/11/95

Aim: Assessment of Information Obtained From a 'Reinforced

Concrete Frame Detailed Contract Programme 1 and Related Data.

During this interview the planner provided a detailed

programme for the reinforced concrete frame of a multi-storey

office development and related data for the assessment of future

developments of the integrated computer model.

The project was a multi-storey (6 floors) reinforced

concrete office buildings. The storeys of the building had little

differences in their architectural and structural plans. Thus the

detailed contract programme showed the same duration for

formwork/reinforcement/concrete for every floor. This approach

was exactly the same in the Simulation Model where small

variances of the floors were ignored and duration values for each

floor were calculated as an average. However, as the programme

was a contract programme, casting, curing and striking of

concrete were presented in much more detail than in the

Simulation Model developed by the author.

In addition to the contract programme, a priced bill of

quantities for the concrete frame was provided. However, this

only included the labour unit costs in £/hr values not in £/unit

A2-34

Page 47: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

of quantity values. This approach is totally different from the

unit cost estimating approach undertaken within the model. Thus,

it was not possible to use these unit costs within the model.

A2-35

Page 48: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 3 OUTPUT RATE CALCULATION GUIDE FROM

MANUFACTURERS JCB AND WACKER

A3

Page 49: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Output Performance

The basic cycle time - BCT, is made up of various

operational timings as the following tables show.

LOADER

Raise to full height from ground level

Lower from full height to ground level

Dump at full height

Crowd at full height

3CX

3

2

1

1

.3

.2

.6

.3

2CX

6

4

1

2

.0

.1

.8

.2

sees

sees

sees

sees

EXCAVATOR

2CX 3CX 3D 4CT 3C

Boom raise to full height from ground level 4.0 2.4 2.4 2.4 sees

Boom lower from full height to ground level 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.8 sees

Dipper in

Dipper out

Bucket crowd (speed position)

Bucket dump (speed position)

Slew 180° (left and right)

Stabiliser in

Stabiliser out

3.1 3.4 3.6 3.8 sees

2.5 2.2 2.5 2.8 sees

3.2 2.7 2.1 2.2 sees

2.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 sees

3.8 4.0 4.3 4.4 sees

5.5 2.8 2.8 5.0 sees

4.0 2.6 2.6 5.5 sees

A3-1

Page 50: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

For calculation purposes BCT is as follows:-

3C = 8 sees, 3CX = 8 sees, 3D = 8 sees,

4CT = 9 sees, 2CX =10.5 sees.

Output performance is governed by many variable factors and

at best can only be estimated to give a guide.

EXCAVATING

To calculate output per hour four main factors affect the

performance, dig depth, material, target, and slew angle. One

other factor can alter the output and that is the operator, but

for these calculations this is taken to be of average status.

Compensation figures to be added to BCT to give corrected cycle

time

Dig Depth Factor

0-1 m 1 1-2 m 2 2-3 m 4 3-4 m 6 4-5 m 8 5-6 m 10

Target Type Factor

Open Dump 0 Small Target 5 Target with obstruction 7

Slew Angle Factor

0°-30° 0

30°-60° 1

60°-90° 2

Dig MaterialSoft Earth - Loose Material - Stock Pile

Medium Dig - Clay

Medium Dig - Packed Earth - Soil/25% Rock

Medium/Hard Dig - Hard Soil/50% Rock

Tough Dig - Sandstone,Shale,Limestone,Frost

Factor0

2

4

10

16

Page 51: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 4 CONSTRAINT INEQUALITIES FOR A REINFORCED

CONCRETE MULTI STOREY BUILDING

A4

Page 52: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Duration Values:

Pr : Project duration under normal conditions.

X(i) : Starting point (in days) of activity (i).

dur(i) : Duration of activity (i) under normal conditions

durm(i): Duration of activity (i) under crash conditions.

(i) ActivityXp End of the project(1) Excavate topsoil.(2) Excavate reduce levels.(3) Excavate basements.(4) Excavate trenches.(5) Compact bottoms of excavations.(6) Blinding concrete.(7) Formwork for foundations.(8) Reinforcement for foundations.(9) Concrete for foundations.(10) Roof asphalt.(11) Internal brickwork.(12) Internal blockwork.(13) External brickwork.(14) External blockwork.(15) Internal finishes.(16) Wall finishes.(17) Floor finishes.(18) Ceiling finishes.(19) External finishes.(20) Lift Services.(21) Mechanical Services.(22) Electrical Services.(23) Formwork for slab/beams.(24) Reinforcement for slab/beams.(25) Concrete for slab/beams.(26) Formwork for columns/walls.(27) Reinforcement for columns/walls.(28) Concrete for columns/walls.(29) Formwork for staircases.(30) Reinforcement for staircases.(31) Concrete for staircases

Table 1 : Numbers Used for the Activities While Formalising the Constraints.

A4-1

Page 53: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Lag Values

Lag

(1)(2)(5)(6)

(7)

(8)(9)(10)

(11)(12)(13)(14)

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

(24)

(25)

(26)

(27)

(28)

(29)

Activity Numbers :

(1) & (2)(2) & (3) , (2) & (4), (2) & (5)(5) & (6)

(6) & (7)

(7) & (8)

(8) & (9)

(9) & (23)

(23) & (27)

(27) & (23)*

(23)* & (29)

(29)** & (11)

(23)** & (13)

(27) & (26)

(26) & (28)

(23) & (24)

(24) & (25)

(29) & (30)

(30) & (31)

(13) & (15),

(13) & (16),

(13) & (17) ,

(13) & (18) ,

(13) & (19),

(13) & (20),

(13) & (21),

(13) & (22) ,

, (29)** & (12)

, (23)** & (14)

(14) & (15)

(14) & (16)

(14) & (17)

(14) & (18)

(14) & (19)

(14) & (20)

(14) & (21)

(14) & (22)

(25)*** & (10)

*lst floor

**Floor number changeable from ground floor to the roof (see the constraints below)

Table 2 Numbers Used for the Lag Values the Constraints.

***Roof

While Formalising

Constraints:

nofloor = number of floors

aa = 6*nofloor-5

bb = 2*aa

A4-2

Page 54: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

To enable the below formulations and also the coding of

the programme OPT2 more clearly, it should be noted that the

coefficients of the formulations have been stored in the data

files by starting with the activities in the same order in Table

1 and then storing the values for formwork, reinforcement,

concrete for slabs/beams and columns/walls for the remaining

floors which have not been included in Table 1. The coefficients

of the T(i) values are then stored. Finally the coefficients of

the X(i) and T(i) values for staircases are stored. The same

order is employed in the programme OPT1 while storing the

coefficients of variables within the objective function, i.e.,

U(i) values. It should finally be noted here that the lag values

are the ones input for the acceleration of the project.

'excavations and foundations'

X(2)-X(1) + T(l) > lag(l)

T(l) < dur(1)-durm(l)

X(3) -X(2) + T(2) > lag (2)

T(2) < dur(2)-durm(2)

X(4) -X(2) + T(2) > lag (2)

X(5)-X(2) + T(2) > lag(2)

X(6)-X(5) + T(5) > lag(5)

T(5) < dur(5)-durm(5)

X(6) -X(3) + T(3) > lag (2)

T(3) < dur(3)-durm(3)

X(6) -X(4) + T(4) > lag(2)

A4-3

Page 55: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

T(4) < dur(4) -durm(4)

X(7) -X{6) + T(6) > lag(6)

T(6) < dur (6) -durm(6)

X{8) -X(7) + T(7) > lag(7)

T(7) < dur(7)-durm(7)

X(9) -X(8) + T(8) > lag(8)

T(8) < dur(8)-durm(8)

' ground floor slabs/beams'

X(23) -X(9) + T(9) > lag(9)

T(9) < dur(9)-durm(9)

X(24)-X(23) + T(23) > lag(17)

T{23) < dur(23)-durm(23)

X(25)-X(24) + T(24) > lag(18)

T(24) < dur(24)-durm(24)

'ground to first floor columns/walls'

X(27)-X{23) + T(23) > lag (10)

X(26)-X(27) + T(27) > lag (15)

T(27) < dur(27)-durm(27)

X(28)-X(26) + T(26) > lag (16)

T{26) < dur(26)-durra(26)

'other floors slabs/beams & columns/walls'

For 1= 1 to nofloor-2

X(6i+32)-X(6i+30)+T(6i+30) > lag(ll)

T(6i+30) < dur(27)-durm(27)

next

A4-4

Page 56: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

For i= 1 to nofloor-1

X(6(i-l)+36)-X(6(i-l)+32)+T(6(i-l)+32) > lag(10)

T(6(i-l)+32) < dur(23)-durm(23)

next

'roof slab 1

X(10) -X(33+aa) + T(33+aa) > lag(29)

T(33+aa) < dur(25)-durm(25)

'ground to first floor staircases'

X(29)-X{23) + T(23) > lag (12)

X(30)-X(29) + T(29) > lag(19)

T(29) < dur(29)-durm(29)

X(31)-X(30) + T(30) > lag(20)

T(30) < dur(30)-durm(30)

'other floor staircases'

for i=2 to number of floors -2

X(63+bb+3(i-1))-X(62+bb+3*(i-1)30) + T(62+bb+3(i-1)) >dur(31)

T(62+bb+3 (i-1)) < dur(31)-durm(31)

'internal cladding'

X(11)-X(29) + T(29) > lag(13)

X(12)-X(29) + T(29) > lag(13)

'external cladding'

X(13)-X(23) + T(23) > lag(14)

X(14)-X(23) + T(23) > lag (14)

'finishes & services'

X(15)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(21)

T(13) < dur(13)-durm(13)

A4-5

Page 57: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

X(15)-X(14) + T(14) > lag(21)

T(14) < dur(14)-durm(14)

X(16)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(22)

X(16)-X(14) + T(14) > lag{22)

X(17)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(23)

X(17)-X(14) + T(14) > lag(23)

X(18)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(24)

X(18)-X(14) + T(14) > lag{24)

X(19)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(25)

X(19)-X(14) + T(14) > lag(25)

X(20)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(26)

X(20)-X(14) + T(14) > lag(26)

X(21)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(27)

X(21)-X(14) + T(14) > lag(27)

X(22)-X(13) + T(13) > lag(28)

X(22)-X(14) + T(14) > lag(28)

1 the end of the project'

Xp -X(10) + T(10) > durm(10)

T(10) < dur(10)-durm(10)

Xp - X(15) + T(15) > durm(15)

Xp - X(16) + T(16) > durm(16)

Xp - X(17) + T(17) > durm(17)

Xp - X(18) + T(18) > durm(18)

Xp - X(19) + T(19) > durm(19)

Xp - X(20) + T(20) > durm(20)

A4-6

Page 58: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Xp - X(21) + T(21) > durm(21)

Xp - X(22) + T(22) > durm(22)

Xp < Pr

A4-7

Page 59: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 5 THE DRAWINGS AND THE BILL OF QUANTITIES

FOR THE HYPOTHETICAL BUILDING

A5

Page 60: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

-300 mm

4 m

ELEVATION (not to scale;

A5-1

Page 61: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

00mm

300 mm

30 m

40 m

PLAN SHOWING THE COLUMNS

A5-2

Page 62: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

10 m

5 mM

Tea Room

5 m

10 m

30 m

40 m

7 x 6 = 42 columns

f- rc.rr.oie. u- U^AS

INTERNAL PARTITIONS (100 mm) (not to scale) (All the floors are identical)

A5-3

Page 63: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

STAIRCASES (not to scale)

A5-4

Page 64: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

RC slab

150 mm

200 mm

225 mm

GROUND FLOOR SLAB (TYPICAL) (not to scale)

if-

1.00 m

*0.5 m

^

x-1.00 m

-x x-1.00 m

/r

BASE (2 No.) (not to scale)

A5-5

Page 65: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SubstructureExcavation and Earthwork.

Site Preparation

Note: The contractor should notefrom the information contained in the Trial Fit Lags that clay will be encountered below the surface of the ground during excavations.

Excavate over site to remove top soil and vegetation not to be preserved.

average 150 mm deep 180

Excavate topsoil to be preserved

average 150 mm deep 90

Excavation

Excavate to reduce level

max. depth not exceeding0.99 510m

Excavate trenches to receive foundations

max. depth not exceeding 0-99 135 m

Concrete work

In-situ Concrete

Total volume of concrete in this Element - 335 m3

Design mix CIO mass concrete as described .

Bed as blinding layer,laid on earth,not exceeding 100 mm thick

A5-6

m3

m3

m3

m3

m3

Page 66: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Design mix C20 mass concrete as described.

Isolated foundation base to columns and piers (in 2 no.)

exceeding 300 mm thick

Design mix C35 reinforced concrete as described.

Bed

not exceeding 300 mm thick

m3

240 m3

Foundation in trench

exceeding 300 mm thick 135 m3

Reinforcement

High yield steel bar reinforcement as described.

Bars, straight or bent, in foundations and walls

6 mm diameter

Ditto,

8 mm diameter

Ditto,

10 mm diameter

Ditto,

12 mm diameter

Ditto,

16 mm diameter

Ditto,

20 mm diameter

Ditto,

25 mm diameter

10125 kg

A5-7

Page 67: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Fabric Reinforcement as described

Reinforcement in beds and ground beams

A98 - A393 at 200 mm side 1200 m2 and end laps

Formwork

Formwork to provide ordinary finish to non-exposed surface (Type A) as described;

Vertical face of foundation 140 m or edge of bed,

not exceeding 250 mm high

A5-8

Page 68: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Reinforced Concrete Structure

Columns and Walls

Concrete work

In-situ concrete

Total in-situ concrete in this Sub Element - 3O m3

Design Mix C35 reinforced concrete as described .

Isolated column,

0.03 - 0.1 m2 sectional area 90 m3

Reinforcement

High yield steel bar reinforcement as described.

Bars, straight or bent/ in walls

6 mm diameter

Ditto,

8 mm diameter

Ditto,

10 mm diameter

Ditto,

12 mm diameter

Ditto,

16 mm diameter

Ditto,

20 mm diameter

Ditto,

25 mm diameter

9000 kg

A5-9

Page 69: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Formwork

Formwork to provide an ordinary finish to non- exposed surfaces (Type A) as described:

Isolated rectangular column,

200 - 400 mm width (in 252 no.)

302 m2

Upper Floors and Associated Beams

Concrete Work

In concrete framed structure

In-situ concrete

Total in-situ concrete in this Sub-Element -1160 m3

Design mix C35 reinforced concrete as described

Suspended slab,

150-300 mm thick

Reinforcement

High yield steel bar reinforcement as described.

Bars, straight or bent, in suspended slabs

6 mm diameter

Ditto,

8 mm diameter

Ditto,

10 mm diameter

Ditto,

12 mm diameter

2160 m3

172800 kg

A5-10

Page 70: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

High yield steel bar reinforcement as described.

Bars, straight or bent, in suspended slabs

16 mm diameter

Ditto,

20 mm diameter

Ditto,

25 mm diameter

Formwork

Formwork to provide ordinary finish to non-exposed surfaces (Type A) as described:

Soffit to suspended slab,

slab 200-300 mm thick, height exceeding 3.5m, (in 6 no. separate surfaces)

720 m2

Staircases

Concrete Work

In concrete Framed structure

In-situ concrete

Total in-situ concrete in this Sub Element - 1o m3.

Design mix C35 reinforced concrete as described.

Steps and stairs

Reinforcement

High yield steel bar reinforcement as described.

Bars, straight or bent, in staircases and landings,

6 mm diameter

18 m3

A5-11

Page 71: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

High yield steel bar reinforcement as described.

Bars, straight or bent, in staircases and landings,

8 mm diameter

Ditto,

10 mm diameter

Ditto,

12 mm diameter

Ditto,

16 mm diameter

1350 kg

Formwork

Formwork to provide an ordinary finish to non- exposed surfaces (Type A) as described;

Soffits of staircases,

not exceeding 200 mm thick, (in 6 no. separate surfaces) 54 m2

A5-12

Page 72: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Roofing

Asphalt 1200 m2

A5-13

Page 73: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Brickwork and Blockwork

External Walls

Brickwork

Common bricks, BS 3921, PC £80 per 1000 in cement mortar (1:3)

Half brick wall

Blockwork

Precast concrete blocks, (BS 6073), compressive strength 7 N/mm2, in gauged mortar

150 mm thick

2520 m2

2520 m2

Internal Walls

Blockwork

Precast concrete blocks, (BS 6073), compressive strength 7 N/mm2, in gauged mortar

100 mm thick 1332 m2

A5-14

Page 74: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 6 THE INPUT SCREENS FROM THE SIMULATION

MODEL USED FOR THE INPUT OF QUANTITIES OF

MATERIALS FOR THE HYPOTHETICAL BUILDING

A6

Page 75: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

INPUT VALUES WHERE REQUIRED.

AREA m2 DEPTH m VOLUME m3

(1)Excavated topsoil 90.0 2.0 " 180.0 to be removed

(2)Excavated topsoil 90.0 1.0 90.0 to be preserved

Select the most appropriate definition of your excavated material from 1 to 5.

(1) Soft earth or loose material(2) Clay(3) Medium packed earth or soil that contains 25% rock(4) Medium to hard packed earth or soil that contains 50% rock(5) Sandstone, shale, limestone, frost

Please specify the total volume (m3) of excavations for the following categories of depth (m) .

0-0.

Excavate to reduce 510 level

Excavate for basements

Excavate for trenches 135

Type of material at the above depths Please specify 0 to 5.

99 1-1.99

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

3 3

2-2.99 3-3.99

.0

.0

.0

3

.0

.0

.0

3

4-4.99 5-5.99

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

3 3

6+

.0

.0

.0

3

(0) If there is no excavation at that category of depth. (1) Soft earth or loose material (4) Medium to hard packed earth/soil (2) Clay with 50% rock (3) Medium earth or soil with 25% rock (5) Sandstone, shale, limestone, frost

A6-1

Page 76: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(?)(3)(9)(10)

Specify

Excavate

Excavate

Excavate

Excavate

Backhoe/Crawler

JCB 3d, 3CX, 3DJCB 4CTJCB 2CXJCB 801JCB 803JS 110JS 150JS 240JS 300JS 450

a plant number (1 to

Plant

topsoil 1

to reduce level 1

for basements 0

for trenches 1

Bucket

0.0.0.0.0.0.0.1.1.2.

10), and

Amount

1

1

1

1

Capacity m3

30172404114570257525

the amount to be

Plant Amount

6 2

6 2

6 2

6 2

Basic Cyclesees

8.0"9.0

10.515.015.014.014.014.014.014.0

time

used on each activity.

Volume of

270.0

510.0

.0

135.0

excavation

m3

m3

m3

m3

What method will be used to remove excavated material from the excavation area?

(1) Excavator will dump material in an open area.(2) Excavator will dump material into a vehicle.(3) Excavator will dump material into a vehicle

but there are site obstructions.

A6-;

Page 77: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PLAIN DENSE AGGREGATE CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

Enter the total volume (m.3) of plain concrete for the following items.

Thickness (mm) <100 100-150 150-300 300+

Bed as blinding layer 9.0 .0 .0 .0 m3 Fdns in trenches .0 .0 .0 135.0 m3

Cross sectional area (m2) <0.03 0.03-0.1 0.1-0.25 0.25+

Ground beams .0 .0 .0 .0 m3 Isolated foundation bases to columns and piers 1.0 m3

REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

Enter the total volume (m3) of reinforced concrete for the following items.

Thickness (mm)<100 100-150 150-300 300+

Beds .0 .0 240.0 .0 m3 Fdns in trenches .0 .0 .0 .0 m3 Walls .0 .0 .0 .0 m3

Cross sectional area (m2)<0.03 0.03-0.1 0.10-0.25 0.25+

Ground beams .0 .0 .0 . m3 Isolated columns .0 .0 .0 .0 m3

Isolated foundation bases to columns and piers .0 m3

REINFORCEMENT TO CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

Please specify weights (ton) for the following categories of reinforcement.

STEEL BARS (BS 4449) (Mild & High yield steel bars)

Straight/ bent bars Links, stirrups, bindersDia (mm) 6 8 10 12 16 20 25+ 6-8 10___ .0 __.Q .0 .0 .0 .0 10.1______.0 .0 .0 (ton!

Please specify areas (m2) for the following categories of reinforcement.

STEEL FABRIC REINFORCEMENT (BS 4483)Fabric Reinforcement to: Ground slabs/beds WallsA98B196C283

- A393 at 200mm side & end laps- B1131 at 100mm side & 200mm end laps- C785 at 100mm side & 400mm end laps

1200.0.0.0

.0

.0

.0

m2m2m2

A6-3

Page 78: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FORMWORK TO CONCRETE/REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

Enter the total

Height (m)

>1.00<0.250.25-0.500.50-1.00

Vertical faces

area (m2)/lenght (m) of formwork

Vertical face of Fdns/Beds .

.0 m2140.0 m

.0 m

.0 m

for the following categories.

Ground beams .

.0 m2

.0 m

.0 m

.0 m

of walls (one or both sides , 1 side measured) .0 m2

Enter the total height (m)/area (m2) of formwork isolated columns for the following categories of

Width (ram)

Height (m)

<200 200 - 400 400 - 600

.0 .0 .0

to the sides of width (ram) .

Width (mm) 600+

Area (m2) .0

A6-4

Page 79: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Please enter the number of floors of the building starting after foundations until the roof.

6

FORMWORK FOR COLUMNS AND WALLS

Please input the length (in) of fonmcrk for all isolated rectangular columns.

Width (mm) Length (m) < 200 .02Qn -4QQ 302 0 >ton _cnn n

> 600 .0

formwork for the sides of isolated circular columns.

Dia. (irm< 300

ann _cnn

600 -9GO

Area (m2).0 n

. U

.0

Plsase input the area (:&2) of formwork for vertical face walls.

One side of wall shuttered1 /->M.H

REINFORCEMtwi FOR

Please specify weights (ton) for

STEEL BARS

Dia (mm)

COLUMNS .

WALLS

(BS 4449) (Mild & High

Straight/ bent bars

6 B 10 12

0 .0 .0 .0

.0 .0 .0 .0

COLUMNS AND WALLS

the following categories of reinforcement.

yield steel bars)

Links, stirrups, binders

16 20 25

.0 .0 9.0

.0 .0 .0

6 5 10

.0 .0 .0

.0 .0 .0

(ton)

(ton)

REINFORCED CONCRETE TO WALLS AND

Please input the volume (m3) of reinforced concrete to walls.

Thickness (ram)

/ inn S 1UU

100 -150

150 -300

> 300

Aggregate

Light Dense

.0 .D

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 -0

COLUMNS

Please input the volume (m3) of reinforced concrete to isolated columns .

C/S Area (m2)

/ n n i •\ u . UJ

0.03 -0.10

0.10 -0.25

> 0.25

Aggregate

Light Dense

n n . U . U

90.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 -0

A6-5

Page 80: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FORMWORK AND REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR STAIRCASES

Please input the area (m2) of Please input the area (m2) offonnwork for soffits of staircases fonnwork for soffits of landingsnot exceeding 200 ram thickness. not exceeding 200 mm thickness.

Height (m) Area (m2) Height (m) Area (m2) <3.5 54.0 < 3.5 .0

Please input the volume (m3) of reinforced concrete for steps and staircases with 25 kN/mm2 concrete.

AggregateLight Dense

Volume (a.3) 18.0 .0

REINFORCEMENT FOR STAIRCASES

Please specify weights (ton) for the following categories for staircases.

STEEL BARS (BS 4449) (Mild & High yield steel bars) Straight/ bent bars Links

Dia (ram) 6 8 10 12 16 20 25 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 1.4

of reinfocement .

, stirrups, binders

6 8 10 .0 .0 .0 (ton)

FORMWORK FOR SLABS

Please input the area fonnwork to soffits of

Thickness (ram) Height

< 3.5 < 200 .0 200 -300 .0 300 -400 .0

(m2) for slabs.

(m)

> 3.5 .0

7200.0 .0

Please input the the fonnwork to of slabs.

Depth (mm)

< 250 250 -500

lenght (m) for the vertical edges

Length (m)

.0 .0

REINFORCEMENT FOR SLABS AND BEAMS

Please specify weights (ton) for the following categories of reinfocement.

STEEL BARS (BS 4449) (Mild & High yield steel bars)

Straight/ bent bars Links, stirrups, binders Dia (mm) 6 8 10 12 16 20 25 68 10

SLABS .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 172.8 .0 .0 .0 (ton)

BEAMS .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 (ton)

A6-6

Page 81: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR SLABS AND BEAMS

Please input the volume (m3) of reinforced concrete for suspended slabs, isolated beams and deep beams.

SUSPENDED SLABS

Thickness (mm)< 100 100 -150 150 -300 > 300

.0 .0 2160.0 .0

ISOLATED BEAMS

Cross Sectional Area (m2)< 0.03 0.03 -0.10 0.10 -0.25 > 0.25

.0 .0 .0 .0

DEEP BEAMS

Cross Sectional Area (m2)0.03 -0.10 0.10 -0.25 > 0.25

.0 .0 .0

A6-7

Page 82: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

BLOCKWORK

Please input the area (m2) of the blockwork for the following. Precast concrete blocks, (BS 6073), compressive strength 7 N/mm2, in gauged mortar.

Walls and partitions Skins of hollow blocks Solid blocks Hollow blocks Solid blocks Hollow blocks

Thickness * * Thickness * *(mm)6075

100150200215

(mm).0.0.0

2520.0.0.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0 90

.0 115

.0 125

.0 140

.0 190

PiersSolid blocks

Thickness100150190200215

(mm).0.0.0.0.0

*

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Hollow

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

blocks*

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

BRICKWORK

Please input the area (m2) of the brickwork for the following.Facing Bricks PC £160 per 1000 in gauged mortar (1:2:9);flush pointingas the work proceeds.

Thickness (mm) 102.5 215

Area (m2) of:-- Walls

- Skins of hollow walls

.0

.0

2520.0

A6-8

Page 83: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

BLOCKWORKPlease input thePrecast concretein gauged mortar.

Walls andSolid blocks

area (m2 )blocks, (BS

of the blockwork6073),

for the following.compress ive strength

partitionsHollow blocks

fhickness * *(mm6075100150200215

).0 .0

.0 .0 1332.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Skins ofSolid

Thickness(mm)90115125140190

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

7 N/mm2,

hollow blocksblocks Hollow blocks

* *

.0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0

.0

.0

.0

PiersSolid

Thickness (mm)

*

100150190200215

m

.

,

f

t

00000

Fair face and flush pointing

blocks*

(one

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

Hollow

t

m

m

00000

blocks*

t.f

.m

00000

side or both sides)

A6-9

Page 84: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Please input the quanties and unit costs for Mastic Asphalt BS 988.20 mm Two coat work rubbed with fine sand; to concrete base: flat coverings:

Quantity ulc (£/hr) umc(£/m2)over 300 mm wide .0 .0 .0 not exceeding 150 mm wide 1200.0 3.5 3.5 150 - 300 mm wide .0 .0 .0

A6-10

Page 85: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 7 THE INPUT SCREENS FOR THE VALUES OF GANG

SIZES, OUTPUT RATES AND LAG BETWEEN

TASKS ACCORDING TO THE SECOND PLANNER'S

DATA AND CORRESPONDING OUTPUT SCREENS.

A7

Page 86: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Backhoe/Crawler

(1) JCB 3C. 3CX, 3D(2) JCB 4CT(3) JCB 2CX(4) JCB 801(5) JCB 803(6) JS 110(7) JS 150(8) JS 240(9) JS 300(10) JS 450

Specify a plant number (1 to

Plant

Excavate topsoil 1

Excavate to reduce level 1

Excavate for basements 0

Excavate for trenches 1

Bucket Capacity m3

0.300.170.240.040.110.450.701.251.752.25

10), and the amount to be

Amount Plant Amount

1 6 2

162

162

162

Basic Cycle timesees

8.09.010.515.015.014.014.014.014.014.0

used on each activity.

Volume of excavation

270.0 m3

510.0 m3

.0 m3

135.0 m3

What method will be used to remove excavated material from the excavation area?

(1) Excavator will dump material in an open area.(2) Excavator will dump material into a vehicle.(3) Excavator will dump material into a vehicle

but there are site obstructions.

El

GANG SIZE TO BE EMPLOYED

Please state the normal and maximum gang sizes that would be employed to undertake the following activities for foundations. (If overtime work will be employed to accelerate work, input "0" as maximum gang sizes)

FORMWORKREINFORCEMENTCONCRETEBLINDING LAYER

Normal2222

Maximum5474

Please input the output rates if required.

Output rateBlinding concrete Concrete for: isolated

bedstrenches

bases

ground beams walls

Reinforcement

Formwork

isolated: re-barsmesh

columns

4.0 .4.3.4.0 .0.0

19.0.2.3

hr/m3 hr/m3hr/m3hr/m3hr/m3 hr/m3hr/m3

hr/tonhr/m2hr/m2 (m)

A7-1

Page 87: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

GANG SIZE TO BE EMPLOYED

Please state the normal and maximum gang sizes to be employed to undertake the following activities.

FORMWORK FOR:-

- Columns and Walls- Staircases- Slabs and Beams

Normal Maximum Normal Maximum

84

12

REINFORCEMENT FOR:-

- Columns and Walls- Staircases- Slabs and Beams

REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR:-- Columns and Walls- Staircases- Slabs and Beams

Normal

224

Maximum

438

Please input the required output rate values.

FORMWORK FOR:-- Columns and Walls- Staircases- Slabs and Beams

Output rate (hr/m2)

1.1 .5 .5

REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR:-- Columns and Walls- Staircases- Slabs and Beams

REINFORCEMENT FOR:- Columns and Walls- Staircases- Slabs and Beams

Output rate (hr/m3) 2.5 .6.3

Output rate (hr/ton)

22.025.020.0

Please state the normal and maximum gang sizes that would be employed forexternal blockwork and brickwork.

Normal Maximum Blockwork 8 14 Brickwork 8 14

Please input the related output rates if required.

Brickwork Blockwork

Output rate (hr/m2) 1.20 .80

A7-2

Page 88: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Please state the normal and maximum gang sizes that would be employed forinternal blockwork and brickwork.

Normal Maximum Blockwork 3 7 Brickwork 0 ' 0

Please input the related output rates if required.Output rate (hr/m2)

Brickwork 0.00 Blockwork .70

ROOF ASPHALT

Normal Maximum Gang Size 5 8

Please input the output rate of a labour (hr/m2). .8

A7-3

Page 89: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Lag values (days) (start to start precedence) 2.0

Explanation:Floor no 1 = Ground Floor Floor no 2 = 1st Floor Floor no 3 = 2nd Floor No staircases on the last floor

Excavate Topsoil

Excavate to reduce levels

Excavate & Compact Foundations

Blinding Foundations

Formwork to Foundations

Reinforcement to Foundations

Concrete to Foundations

Blind & Frc Ground Floor Slab11.0

Frc Columns/Walls Ground/1st Fir6.0

1st Floor Frc Slab/Beams19.0

Frc StaircasesRoof Slab/Beam (concrete)

3.0

1.0

.0

2.0

3.0

5.0

1 th Floor Frc Staircases3.0

Building Envelope (Internal Cladding)

3 th Floor Frc Slab/Beam20.0

Building Envelope (External Cladding)

4.0 Roof Asphalt

Please input the lag values (days) between the following activities for reinforced concrete floors (start to start precedence).

Reinforcement

Formwork

Concrete

COLUMNS & WALLS

4.0

3.0

Formwork

Reinforcement

Concrete

SLABS S, BEAMS

10.0

10.0

STAIRCASES

2.0

6.0

A7-4

Page 90: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 8 THE INPUT SCREENS FOR THE UNIT COST

VALUES AND INDIRECT COST VALUES FOR THE

VALIDATION OF THE MODEL

A8

Page 91: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Please update

Bachoe Model

JCB 3C, 3CX, 3DJCB 4CTJCB 2CXJCB 801JCB 803

Vibration RammerModel (Wacker)

BS 45YBS 60Y/62YBS 105Y

the following

Unit Cost(£/hr)21.021.021.021.021.0

Unit Cost(£/hr)

.0

.0

.0

values of plant unit cost (puc) (£/hr) .

Crawler Model

JS 110JS 150JS 240JS 300JS 450

Vibration PlateModel (Wacker)

DPU 2430BPU 2950ABPU 3345RDPU 6055DPU 7060RC

Unit Cost(£/hr)25.021.021.021.021.0

Unit Cost(£/hr)

.0

.0

.0.0.0

A8-1

Page 92: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PLAIN DENSE AGGREGATE CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

Please update the following values of unit labour cost (£/hr) for plain dense aggregate foundations.

Thickness (ram)<1DO 100-150 150-300 300+

Beds 4.8 .0 .0 .0 (£/hr) Fdns in trenches .0 .0 .0 4.8 (£/hr)

Cross sectional area (m2)<0.03 0.03-0.1 0.1-0.25 0.25+

Ground beams .0 .0 .0 .0 (£/hr)

Isolated foundation bases to columns and piers .0

Please update the following value of material unit cost (£/m3) for both plain and reinforced concrete grade 25 N/mm2.

70.1 (£/m3)

REINFORCED CONCRETE

Please update the following concrete grade 25N/mm2 for

Beds Fdns in trenches Walls

Ground beams

Isolated columns

FOUNDATIONS

values of labour unit foundations.

<100 .0 .0 .0

<0.03.0

.0

Isolated foundation bases to columns

Thickness 100-150

.0

.0

.0

cost (£/hr) for

(mm) 150-300 7.1 .0 .0

Cross sectional area (m2) 0.03-0.1 0.10-0.25

.0 .0

.0

and piers

.0

.0

reinforced

300+.0 .0 .0

0.25+.0

.0

REINFORCEMENT TO CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

Please update the following values of material unit cost (£/kg)

STEEL BARS (BS 4449) (Mild & High yield steel bars)

Straight/ bent bars Links, stirrups, bindersDia (mm) 6 8 10 12 16 20 25+ 6 8 10

.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .4 .0 .0 .0 (£/kg)

Please update the average labour unit cost (£/hr) for steel bars.6.5 (£/hr)

A8-2

Page 93: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

REINFORCEMENT TO CONCRETE

Please update the following values of material labour material cost (luc) (£/hr) .

STEEL FABRIC REINFORCEMENT (BS 4483)

Ground slabs/beds

Fabric Reinforcement to:A98- A393 at 200mm side & end laps B196- B1131 at 100mm side & 200mm end laps C283- C785 at 100mm side & 400mm end laps

Walls

Fabric Reinforcement to:A98- A393 at 200mm side & end laps B196- B1131 at 100mm side S. 200mm end laps C283- C785 at 100mm side & 400mm end laps

FOUNDATIONS

unit cost

muc(£/m2)

1.5 .0 .0

muc(£/m2)

.0

.0

.0

(muc) (£/m2) S,

luc(£/hr)

5.6 .0 .0

luc(£/hr)

.0

.0

.0

Please update the material unit cost (muc) S< labour unit cost (luc) for the following formwork.

Height (m)

<0.250.25-0.500.50-1.00

Vertical face of Fdns/Beds.muc.0

7.0n

. U

.0

(£/m2) (£/m) (i/m) (£/m)

Vertical faces of walls

luc (£/hr).0

6.1.0.0

muc.0 (£/m2)

Ground beams. muc.0 (£/m2).0 (£/m)n / o '_ \

.0 (£/m)

luc (£/hr)n

. U

.0

.0

.0

luc (£/hr)

Please update the following values of material unit cost (muc) & labour unit cost (luc) for formwork to the sides of isolated columns.

Width (mm) <200

mucluc (£/hr)

.0 (£/m)

.0

200 - 400

.0 (£/m)

.0

400 - 600

.0 (£/m)

.0

600+

.0 (£/m2)

.0

A8-3

Page 94: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FORMWORR FOR COLUMNS AND WALLS

The values for the material unit cost (muc) and the labour unit cost duelfor the following can be updated if

Formwork for all isolatedrectangular columns.

muc lucWidth (mm) (2/m) (£/hr)

<200 .0 .0200 -400 8.1 12.5400 -600 .0 .0

>600 .0 .0

required.

Formwork for the sides ofisolated circular columns.

mucDia. (mm) (£/m2)< 300 .0

300 -600 .0600 -900 .0

luc(£/hr).0.0.0

Formwork for vertical face walls.

One side of wall shutteredBoth sides of wall shuttered

muc luc(£/m2) (£/hr).0 .0.0 .0

REINFORCEMENT FOR COLUMNS, WALLS, SLABS, BEAMS AND STAIRCASES

The following are the material unit cost (£/ton) for different categories of reinforcement.

STEEL BARS (BS 4449) (Mild & High yield steel bars)Straight/ bent bars Links, stirrups, binders

Dia (mm) 6 3 10 12 16 20 25 68 10.0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .0 .4 .0 .0 .0 (£/kg)

The followina are the average labour unit cost (£/hr) for steel bars.6.5 (£/hr)

REINFORCED CONCRETE TO WALLS AND COLUMNS

Please update the following values of Reinforced concrete to walls.

Aggregate Thickness Light Dense (ram) < 100 .0 .0 (£/hr)

100 -150 .0

150 -300 .0

> 300 .0

Please update the

ne in forced

.0 (£/hr)

.0 (E/hr)

.0 (£/hr)

following values of

concrete to wans, tignt Aggregate 70.1 (£/m3)

labour unit cost (£/hr) . Reinforced concrete to isolated columns .

C/S Area. Light Dense (m2)

< 0.03 .0 .0 (£/hr)

0.03 -0.10 7.1 .0 (£/hr)

0.10 -0.25 .0 -0 (E/hr)

> G.25 .G .0 (E/hr)

material unit cost (E/m3) .

columns, slabs, beams & staircases. Dense Aggregate

______ .0 (£/m3 )

A3-4

Page 95: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FORMWORK FOR STAIRCASES AND SLABS

Please update the values of material unit cost (muc) (£/m2) and labour unit cost (luc) (£/hr) for the following, if required.

Formwork for soffits of stairs Formwork for soffits of landings not exceeding 200 ram thickness. not exceeding 200 mm thickness.

Height (m) muc luc Height (m) muc luc

< 3.5 18.6 11.5 < 3.5 .0 .0

Formwork to soffits of slabs Formwork to the vertical edges of slabs Thickness (mm) muc luc Depth (mm) muc (£/m) luc <200 ' .0 .0 <250 ' .'0 ' .0

200-300 18.6 11.3 250-500 .0 .0300-400 .0 .0

REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR SLABS AND BEAMS

Please update the following values of unit labour cost (£/hr) of for reinforced concrete to slabs, isolated beams, deep beams and staircases.

SUSPENDED SLABSThickness (mm) < 100 100 -150 150 -300 > 300 luc (£/hr) .0 .0 7.1 .0

ISOLATED BEAMSCross Sectional Area (m2) < 0.03 0.03 -0.10 0.10 -0.25 > 0.25

luc (£./hr) .0 .0 .0 .0

CEEF BEAMSCross Sectional Area (m2) 0.03-0.10 0.10-0.25 > 0.25

luc (£/hr) .0 .0 .0

CT7V TT"inA O -LJ-ii Kk-/

luc (£/hr) 7.1

A8-5

Page 96: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

BLOCKWORK Please update the following values of unit material cost (umc) (£/m2) and unit labour cost (ulc) (£/hr) for precast concrete blocks, (BS6073), compressive strength TN/nmZ, in gauged mortar.

Walls and partitions Skins of hollow blocks Solid blocks Hollow blocks Solid blocks Hollow blocks

Thickness umc ulc muc luc Thickness umc ulc muc luc (mm) (£/m2) (£/hr) (£/m2) (£/hr) (mm) (£/m2) (£/hr) (£/m2) (£/hr)

60 .0 .0 90 .0 .075100150200215

.0

.07.0 9..0

00 .02 .00 .0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

115125140190

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

Piers

* Extra

Thickness 100150190200215

over unit

Solid

(mm) umc .0.0.0.0.0

blocks

ulc .0.0.0.0.0

prices for fair face

Hollow

umc .0.0.0.0.0

blocks

ulc.0.0.0.0.0

and flush pointing

muc *luc

.0 .0

Please update the following values of unit material cost (umc) (£/m2) and unit labour cost (ulc) (£/hr) for Facing bricks, PC £160 per 1000 in gauged mortar (1:2:9)

Thickness (mm) 102.5 215

umc ulc umc ulc

- Walls

- Skins of hollow walls

.0 .0 38.9

.0 .0

8.0

A8-6

Page 97: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

BLOCKWORK Please update the following values of unit material cost (umc) (£/m2) and unit labour cost (ulc) (£/hr) for precast concrete blocks, (BS6073), compressive strength 7N/mm2, in gauged mortar.

Walls and partitions Skins of hollow blocks Solid blocks Hollow blocks Solid blocks Hollow blocks

luckness umc ulc muc luc Thickness umc ulc muc luc (mm) (£/m2) (£/hr) (£/m2) (£/hr) (mm) (£/m2) (£/hr) (£/m2) (£/hr)

60 .0 .0 90 .0 .075100150200215

.07.0 9..0.0

02 .00 .00 .0

.0

.0

.0

.0

.0

115125140190

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

.0 .0

Piers

» Extra

Thickness 100150190200215

over unit

Solid

(mm) umc.0.0.0.0.0

blocks

ulc.0.0.0.0.0

prices for fair face

Hollow blocks

umc .0.0.0.0.0

and flush

ulc .0.0.0.0.0

pointing

*muc »luc

.0 .0

A8-1

Page 98: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Please input the qualities and unit costs for Mastic Asphalt BS 988.20 mm Two coat work rubbed with fine sand; to concrete base: flat coverings:

Quantity ulc (£/hr) umc(£.'m2)over 300 mm wide .0 .0 .0 not exceeding 150 mm wide 1200.0 7.0 7.0 150 - 300 mm wide .0 .0 .0

AS-8

Page 99: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 9 OUTPUT SCREENS DURING THE VALIDATION OF

THE SIMULATION MODEL.

A9

Page 100: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

VALUES OF TIME AND COST FOR THE

ACTIVITY EXCAVATION FOR:Topsoil to be removedTopsail to be preservedReduce levelBasementsTrenchesCOMPACTION OF:The bottom of all excavations

ACTIVITIES OF:-

COST(pound)

216.0108.0428.4

.0283.5

.0

- EXCAVATION - EARTHWORK SUPPORT- COMPACTIONTIME (hr)

10.35. 1

20.4.0

13.5

.0

(day)

1.3.6

2.5.0

1.7

.0

(week )

.3

.1

.5

.0

.3

.0

VALUES FOR TIME AND COST FOR THE ACTIVITIES OFREINFORCED

ACTIVITYFORMWORKREINFORCEMENTCONCRETEBLINDING LAYER

CONCRETE FOUNDATIONSCOST (pound)

1236.27946.1

27128.0803.7

TIME (hr)21.08.1

63.218.0

(day)2.68. 17.92.3

(week ).5

1.61.6.4

VALUES QF TIME AND COST FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF : -- FORMWORK FOR: COLUMNS AND WALLS, STAIRCASES, SLABS AND BEAMS.- REINFORCEMENT FOR: COLUMNS AND WALLS, STAIRCASES, SLABS- REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR:

ACTIVITY

FORMWQRK FOR:-Columns and WallsSlabs and Beams

Staircases

REINFORCEMENT FOR:-Coluisns and WallsSlabs and BeamsStaircases

REINFORCED CONCRETE FOR:-Columns and WallsSlabs and BeamsStaircases

COLUMNS AND WALLS, STAIRCASES,

COST (pound)

1099.829100.0

263 . D

814.515264.0

157.5

1317.826Q02.836B.2

TIME (hr

13.8100.0

2 . 3

16.596.85.8

18.827.0

_ Q

AND BEAMS.SLABS AND BEAMS

) (day)

1.812.8

1.7

2 . 111.9

.6

2.33. 5

. 8

(week )

.32.5

. 3

.42.4.1

.5_7.2

A9-1

Page 101: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

VALUES FOR TIME AND COST FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF INTERNAL BRICKWORK AND BLOCKWORK

COST(pound) TIME (hr) (day) (week)

. BLOCKWORK 6031.2 42.0 5.3 1.0

BRICKWORK 20380.1 63.0 7.9 1.6

VALUES FOR TIME AND COST FOR THE ACTIVITIES OF INTERNAL BRICKWORK AND BLOCKWORK

COST(pound) TIME (hr) (day) (week)

BLOCKWORK 2983.7 51.8 6.5 1.3

BRICKWORK .0 .0 .0 .0

ROOF ASPHALT

TIME AND COST VALUES OBTAINED ACCORDING TO NORMAL AND MAXIMUM GANG SIZES

Gang DurationSize Cost Hour Day Week

Normal 4 15120.0 240.0 30.0 6.0

Maximum 10 16387.6 114.4 14.3 2.8

A9-2

Page 102: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 10 THE BAR CHART DRAWN DURING THE

VALIDATION OF THE SIMULATION MODEL

SLO

Page 103: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

weeks

sst BST Kstcr a RE

Toysan

2 Reduce Level

3 Excavate /Fdas

-4 Blinding

3 Fomiwork Fdns

6 Reinforce*!

? Cone Fdn

Frc Slab/Beams

5 Frc Cols/ Walls

1

.

——

«

2

!*

-

•*•

M^

3

^

4

—— »-

•*

5

•"••

6 ? 0 3 18 11 12 13

ueeks

f?f^L>Sg

169 is* FirBeams

11 Frc Stair

j;;^ |.£I>i>K

12 Frc Cols/ Walls

13 2nd Fir Frc Slab/

14 Frc S-tair

-Safli--

16 3rd FirBe ants

1? Frc S-tair

1 2 3 4 S 6 7

•»•

8

•••Ml

9

•MM

••

ie

-»»•

•••»

11

•»

•MI

"•••

12

•VMM

13

____

A10-1

Page 104: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

weeks

SS1FEK1STRUCS .

iW " ?: £-;><y*

1» 1st Fir Frc Slab/ Beans

11 Frc Stair

13 2nd Fir Frc Slab/ Beans

14 Frc Stair

16 3rd Fir Frc Slab/ Beans

1? Frc Stair

13 14

mmmm

IS

i

16

j:

17 18

-

19

——

28 21 22 23

-

24 25 '

weeks

,;: J.,;-, ro-X t.b TfXJOH

it 3 th Fli Frc Slab/ Beauts

17 Frc Staii

5 t.'b TO,

18 5STi^ IS'

" Frc^laiJ Beans

2t> Frc Staii

21 Satis* 1 *'

22 5 th Fli Frc Slab/ Beans

23 Frc Staii

13

•»—•

14

mmwm

IS

»•«

16

17

•"•i

18

——

19

——

.

20 21 22

-

23 24 25 '

-

A10-2

Page 105: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

weeks

2 t!> TO 3 th FiXJOB

15 Fr^Cols,

16 FjcJlaU

17 Frc Stall

3 th TO 4 til FkOGK

18 gr^cols,

Beans

28 Frc Stall

S lj> FLOOK

21 5S?ii° ls'22 5 th Fli Frc Slab/ Beaias

23 Frc Stall

25

imM

-

26

——

27

'

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

-

36 37

weeks

5 -th TO »O*>F

24 Frc Cols. Ualls

25 goof Frc Slafe BeaMs

BRI CKUOMX BLOCKUORK

26 fiaifr"*1

ROOFING

23 Roof

FINISHES

29 Internal

30 Uall

31 Floor

32 Ceiling

33 External

SERVICES

34 Lifts

35 Mechanic

36 Electric

25

,

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 3637 '

A10-3

Page 106: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 11 THE OUTPUT SCREENS FOR ACCELERATION OF

THE PROJECT DURATION ACCELERATION BY

EMPLOYING MORE LABOUR

Page 107: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Normal DC

Excavate 324.0topsoil to be removed/preserved

Excavate to 428.4reduce levels

Excavate for . 0basements

Excavate for 283.5trenches

Compact the . 0 bottom ofexcavations

Amoount/Type of Plant Values According to Max. Dur Normal Maximum Amount of Plant

DC Dur1.9 1126 385.7 1.0

2.5 1126 510.0 1.9

.01026 .0 .0

1.7 1126 337.0 .8

.01000 .0 .0

Normal

FormworkReinforc.ConcreteBlinding

DC

1236.27946.127128.0803.7

Dur

2.68.17.92.3

NormalGang Size

2322

MaximumGang Size

5474

Values According toMaximum GangDC1332.38185.1

27802.1808.0

SizeDur1.26.13.21.2

All-1

Page 108: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Normal DC Dur

Normal Gang Size DC

Normal Maximum Values According to Gang Size Gang Size Maximum Gang Size

DC DurFormwork : --Col/wall .

-Slab/beam.

-Staircase.

Reinfor. : --Col/wall.

-Slab/beam.

-Staircase.

Concrete : --Col/wall .

-Slab/beam.

-Staircase.

1099

29100

300

814

15264

157

1317

26002

267

.8

.0

.2

.5

.0

.5

.8

.8

.7

1.7

12.5

.5

2.1

12.0

.7

2.3

3.4

.1

4

6

2

2

6

1

2

4

2

8 1160.8

12 29766.1

4 312.3

6 816.2

9 15272.0

2 157.2

4 1329.6

8 26262.0

3 269.2

1.0

6.9

.2

.8

8.1

.4

1.3

1.9

.1

Blockwork 8

Brickwork 8

6031.2

20380.4

Dur

5.3

7.9

Maximum Values According to Max Gang Size Gang Size

DC Dur

14

14

6321.1

20622.0

3.2

4.8

Normal Gang Size DC

Blockwork 3 2983.7

Brickwork 0 0.0

Maximum Values According to Max Dur Gang Size Gang Size

DC Dur

6.5

0.0

3255.3

0.0

3. 1

0.0

ROOF ASPHALT

TIME AND COST VALUES OBTAINED ACCORDING TO NORMAL AND MAXIMUM GANG SIZES

Normal

Maximum

Gang Size 4

10

Cost 15120.0

16387.6

Hour 240.0

114.4

Duration Day 30.0

14.3

Week 6.0

2.8

All-2

Page 109: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 12 OUTPUT FROM THE OPTIMISATION MODEL

DURING THE VALIDATION

Page 110: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

THE OPTIMISATION RESULTS FROM THE VALIDATION RUN

1st iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 0.0

project duration is: 172 days

direct cost increase is: 0.0

indirect cost decrease is: 0.0

project cost increase is: 0.0

new direct project cost is: 676122.9

new indirect project cost is: 16900

new total project cost is: 693022.9

2nd iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1.7

project duration is: 171 days

direct cost increase is: 1.7

indirect cost decrease is: 98.256

project cost increase is: -96.556

new direct project cost is: 676124.6

new indirect project cost is: 16801.74

new total project cost is: 692926.3

activity to be accelerated : gr-1 floor / reinforcement for columns/walls

3rd iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 3.4

project duration is: 170 days

direct cost increase is: 3.4

indirect cost decrease is: 196.512

A12-1

Page 111: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

project cost increase is: -193.112

new direct project cost is: 676126.3

new indirect project cost is: 16703.49

new total project cost is: 692829.8

activity to be accelerated : gr-1 / reinforcement for columns/walls

4th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 5.1

project duration is: 169 days

direct cost increase is: 5.1

indirect cost decrease is: 294.768

project cost increase is: -289.667

new direct project cost is: 676128.

new indirect project cost is: 16605.23

new total project cost is: 692733.2

activity to be accelerated : 1-2 / reinforcement for columns/walls

5th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 6.8

project duration is: 168 days

direct cost increase is: 6.8

indirect cost decrease is: 393.023

project cost increase is: -386.223

new direct project cost is: 676129.7

new indirect project cost is: 16506.98

new total project cost is: 692636.7

A12-2

Page 112: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

activity to be accelerated : 1-2 / reinforcement for columns/walls

6th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 8.5

project duration is: 167 days

direct cost increase is: 8.5

indirect cost decrease is: 491.278

project cost increase is: -482.779

new direct project cost is: 676131.4

new indirect project cost is: 16408.72

new total project cost is: 692540.1

activity to be accelerated : 2-3 / reinforcement for columns/walls

7th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 10.2

project duration is: 166 days

direct cost increase is: 10.2

indirect cost decrease is: 589.535

project cost increase is: -579.335

new direct project cost is: 676133.1

new indirect project cost is: 16310.47

new total project cost is: 692443.6

activity to be accelerated : 2-3 / reinforcement for columns/walls

8th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 11.9

project duration is: 165 days

A12-3

Page 113: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

direct cost increase is: 11.9

indirect cost decrease is: 687.791

project cost increase is: -675.891

new direct project cost is: 676134.8

new indirect project cost is: 16212.21

new total project cost is: 692347.

activity to be accelerated : 3-4 / reinforcement for columns/walls

9th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 13.6

project duration is: 164 days

direct cost increase is: 13.6

indirect cost decrease is: 786.047

project cost increase is: -772.447

new direct project cost is: 676136.5

new indirect project cost is: 16113.95

new total project cost is: 692250.5

activity to be accelerated : 3-4 / reinforcement for columns/walls

10th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 15.3

project duration is: 163 days

direct cost increase is: 15.3

indirect cost decrease is: 884.302

project cost increase is: -869.002

new direct project cost is: 676138.2

new indirect project cost is: 16015.7

A12-4

Page 114: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

new total project cost is: 692153.9

activity to be accelerated : 4-5 / reinforcement for columns/walls

llth iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 17

project duration is: 162 days

direct cost increase is: 17

indirect cost decrease is: 982.558

project cost increase is: -965.558

new direct project cost is: 676139.9

new indirect project cost is: 15917.44

new total project cost is: 692057.3

activity to be accelerated : 4-5 / reinforcement for columns/walls

12th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 18.7

project duration is: 161 days

direct cost increase is: 18.7

indirect cost decrease is: 1080.814

project cost increase is: -1062.11

new direct project cost is: 676141.6

new indirect project cost is: 15819.19

new total project cost is: 691960.8

activity to be accelerated : 5-roof / reinforcement for columns/walls

A12-5

Page 115: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

13th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 20.4

project duration is: 160 days

direct cost increase is: 20.4

indirect cost decrease is: 1179.07

project cost increase is: -1158.67

new direct project cost is: 676143.3

new indirect project cost is: 15720.93

new total project cost is: 691864.2

activity to be accelerated : 5-roof / reinforcement for columns/walls

14th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 82.1

project duration is: 159 days

direct cost increase is: 82.1

indirect cost decrease is: 1277.326

project cost increase is: -1195.23

new direct project cost is: 676205.

new indirect project cost is: 15622.67

new total project cost is: 691827.7

activity to be accelerated : excavate topsoil

15th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 163.7

project duration is: 158 days

direct cost increase is: 163.7

indirect cost decrease is: 1375.581

A12-6

Page 116: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

project cost increase is: -1211.88

new direct project cost is: 676286.6

new indirect project cost is: 15524.42

new total project cost is: 691811.

activity to be accelerated : reduce levels

16th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 248.21

project duration is: 157 days

direct cost increase is: 248.21

indirect cost decrease is: 1473.837

project cost increase is: -1225.63

new direct project cost is: 676371.1

new indirect project cost is: 15426.16

new total project cost is: 691797.3

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

17th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 332.72

project duration is: 156 days

direct cost increase is: 332.72

indirect cost decrease is: 1572.093

project cost increase is: -1239.37

new direct project cost is: 676455.6

new indirect project cost is: 15327.91

new total project cost is: 691783.5

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

A12-7

Page 117: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

18th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 417.23

project duration is: 155 days

direct cost increase is: 417.23

indirect cost decrease is: 1670.349

project cost increase is: -1253.12

new direct project cost is: 676540.1

new indirect project cost is: 15229.65

new total project cost is: 691769.8

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

19th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 501.74

project duration is: 154 days

direct cost increase is: 501.74

indirect cost decrease is: 1768.605

project cost increase is: -1266.86

new direct project cost is: 676624.6

new indirect project cost is: 15131.4

new total project cost is: 691756

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

20th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 586.25

project duration is: 153 days

direct cost increase is: 586.25

indirect cost decrease is: 1866.86

A12-8

Page 118: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

project cost increase is: -1280.61

new direct project cost is: 676709.2

new indirect project cost is: 15033.14

new total project cost is: 691742.3

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

21st iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 670.76

project duration is: 152 days

direct cost increase is: 670.76

indirect cost decrease is: 1965.116

project cost increase is: -1294.36

new direct project cost is: 676793.7

new indirect project cost is: 14934.88

new total project cost is: 691728.5

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

22nd iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 755.27

project duration is: 151 days

direct cost increase is: 755.27

indirect cost decrease is: 2063.372

project cost increase is: -1308.1

new direct project cost is: 676878.2

new indirect project cost is: 14836.63

new total project cost is: 691714.8

A12-9

Page 119: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

23rd iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 839.78

project duration is: 150 days

direct cost increase is: 839.78

indirect cost decrease is: 2161.628

project cost increase is: -1321.85

new direct project cost is: 676962.7

new indirect project cost is: 14738.37

new total project cost is: 691701.1

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

24th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 924.29

project duration is: 149 days

direct cost increase is: 924.29

indirect cost decrease is: 2259.884

project cost increase is: -1335.59

new direct project cost is: 677047.2

new indirect project cost is: 14640.12

new total project cost is: 691687.3

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

25th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1008.8

project duration is: 148 days

A12-10

Page 120: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

direct cost increase is: 1008.8

indirect cost decrease is: 2358.14

project cost increase is: -1349.34

new direct project cost is: 677131.7

new indirect project cost is: 14541.86

new total project cost is: 691673.6

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

26th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1093.31

project duration is: 147 days

direct cost increase is: 1093.31

indirect cost decrease is: 2456.395

project cost increase is: -1363.09

new direct project cost is: 677216.2

new indirect project cost is: 14443.6

new total project cost is: 691659.8

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

27th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1177.82

project duration is: 146 days

direct cost increase is: 1177.82

indirect cost decrease is: 2554.651

project cost increase is: -1376.83

new direct project cost is: 677300.7

new indirect project cost is: 14345.35

A12-11

Page 121: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

new total project cost is: 691646.1

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

28th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1262.33

project duration is: 145 days

direct cost increase is: 1262.33

indirect cost decrease is: 2652.907

project cost increase is: -1390.58

new direct project cost is: 677385.2

new indirect project cost is: 14247.09

new total project cost is: 691632.3

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

29th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1346.84

project duration is: 144 days

direct cost increase is: 1346.84

indirect cost decrease is: 2751.163

project cost increase is: -1404.32

new direct project cost is: 677469.7

new indirect project cost is: 14148.84

new total project cost is: 691618.6

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

A12-12

Page 122: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

30th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1431.35

project duration is: 143 days

direct cost increase is: 1431.35

indirect cost decrease is: 2849.419

project cost increase is: -1418.07

new direct project cost is: 677554.3

new indirect project cost is: 14050.58

new total project cost is: 691604.8

activity to be accelerated : roof asphalt

31st iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1560.95

project duration is: 142 days

direct cost increase is: 1560.95

indirect cost decrease is: 2947.674

project cost increase is: -1386.72

new direct project cost is: 677683.9

new indirect project cost is: 13952.33

new total project cost is: 691636.2

activity to be accelerated : concrete for roof slabs/beams

optimum duration is: 143 days

32nd iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1690.55

project duration is: 141 days

direct cost increase is: 1690.55

A12-13

Page 123: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

indirect cost decrease is: 3045.93

project cost increase is: -1355.38

new direct project cost is: 677813.5

new indirect project cost is: 13854.07

new total project cost is: 691667.5

activity to be accelerated : concrete for roof slabs/beams

33rd iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1825.35

project duration is: 140 days

direct cost increase is: 1825.35

indirect cost decrease is: 3144.19

project cost increase is: -1318.8

new direct project cost is: 677948.0

new indirect project cost is: 13755.8

new total project cost is: 691704.0

activity to be accelerated : formwork for foundations

34th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 1960.15

project duration is: 139 days

direct cost increase is: 1960.15

indirect cost decrease is: 3242.44

project cost increase is: -1282.3

new direct project cost is: 678083.0

new indirect project cost is: 13657.6

new total project cost is: 691741.0

A12-14

Page 124: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

activity to be accelerated : formwork for foundations

35th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 2094.95

project duration is: 138 days

direct cost increase is: 2094.95

indirect cost decrease is: 3340.7

project cost increase is: -1245.7

new direct project cost is: 678218.0

new indirect project cost is: 13559.3

new total project cost is: 691777.0

activity to be accelerated : formwork for foundations

36th iteration:

optimal solution/objective function: 2229.75

project duration is: 137 days

direct cost increase is: 2229.75

indirect cost decrease is: 3438.95

project cost increase is: -1209.2

new direct project cost is: 678353.0

new indirect project cost is: 13461.0

new total project cost is: 691814.0

activity to be accelerated : formwork for foundations

A12-15

Page 125: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 13 CODING FOR THE TIME/COST MODEL

AL3

Page 126: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

'MAIN MENU'

seek sta

use screen_start2

run file_startnext(act_start,filesn)

run start_escape()

•SITE SET UP 1

seek site_set_up

run con_set2(sit)

run cost_set2(csit)

run con_seta2(sita)

run Iag_mains2(lagmain)

run Iag_mains2m(lagmainm)

run co_opta(sicoo)

run ntoreS(new5)

run co_pptfa(sopt)

if new5 is 'y' thenrun Sso(s86,s96,sl37,sl62,sl87,s281,s368, s455, s464, s39, s40 S37,s42,s46,s47,s48,s49,s50,s51,s52,s54,s55,s56, s57, s58, s59, 560,362,563,564,565,366,567,568,5106,3107,3108,5109,5110, sill, Sll2,s8,s20,s22,s24,s82,sl33,sl58,sl83,sl83, s461, s461, s!58, S461,lt_lr,lr_lb,lb_lt,lt_lc,s462,s44,s53,s61,s69,s40, s43, s9, Sl0,sll,sl2,sl3,sl4,sl5,sl6,sl7,sl8,s27,s28,s29,s30,s31,s32, s33,s34,lt_lrm,lr_lbm,lb_ltm,lt_lcm)

if new5 is 'y' thenrun ssol (sitotc,sdat,s896, s897, s897m, s!38m, sl63m, s!88m,s465m,s896m,sl37m,s!62m,sl87m,s464m, sitotcm, sdatm, s8m, s20m,s22m,s24m,s82m,s!33m,s!58m,s!83m, s462m, s!38, s!63, s!88,S465,sl37,sl62,sl87,s464,s8,s20,s22,s24, s82, s!33, s!58, s!83,3462)

use screen_4st

if st4 is '(1)' then use screen4

if st4 is ' (2)' then use screen2

if st4 is '(3)' then use screenl

A13-1

Page 127: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if st4 is '(4)' then use screens

if st4 is '(5)' then use screen_co_site

if st4 is '(7)' then use screen_optbb

if st4 is '(8)' then use screen_op

if st4 is ' (9)' then run st_return()

run s7(38,s9,slO, sll,s!2, s!3, s!4, s!5, si6, s!7, s!8, s!9)

run s7(320,39,310,311,312,313,314,315,516,317,318,321)

run s7 (s22,s9, Sl0,sll,sl2,sl3,sl4,sl5,sl6,sl7,sl8,s23)

run s7(s24,s9,slO,sll,s!2,s!3,s!4,s!5,si6,s!7,si8,s25)

run s7 (38111,39,310,311,312,313,314,315,316,317,318,519111)

run s7(s20m,s9, slO,sll,s!2,s!3,s!4,si5,si6,s!7,s!8,s21m)

run s7(s22m,s9,slO,sll,s!2,s!3,s!4,s!5,si6,s!7,s!8,s23m)

run s7 (s24m, s9, slO, 311,312,313,314,315,316,317,518,325111)

run S26(s27,s28,s29,s30,s31 / s32,s33,s34,compl,s36)

run s26(s27,s28,s29,s30,s31,s32,s33,s34,complm,s36m)

/*VOLUME OF EXCAVATED TOPSOIL TO BE REMOVED / PRESERVED

if s37>= 0 thenrun volumes(s39,s37,s40)

if s41>=0 or s42>=0 or s40>=0 then run s38(s41,s42,s43)

if s43>=0 then S44=s40+s43

if s44 > 999999.9 then 344=999999.9

if s44=0 then s8=0

/*VOLUME OF EXCAVATION TO REDUCE LEVEL/BASEMENTS/TRENCHES

run vol (S46,s47,s48,s49,s50,s51,s52,s53)

run S45(s54,s55,s56,s57,s58,s59,s60,s61)

A13-2

Page 128: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

If s896 > 999999.9 then 3896=999999.9

if s897 > 999999.9 then 3897=999999.9

if s896m > 999999.9 then S896m=999999.9

if s897m > 999999.9 then S897m=999999.9

if s97 > 999999.9 then 397=999999.9

if s97m > 999999.9 then s97m=999999.9

/* REDUCE LEVEL/BASEMENTS/TRENCHES

run S99(s46,s47,s48,s49,s50,s51,s52,s54,s55,s56, s57, s58, s59, S60,s62,s63,s64,s65,s66,s67,s68,sl00,sl01,sl02,s!03,sl04,slOS)

run s73(s70,s74) /*REDUCE LEVEL

if s53>=0 ands!06>=0 ands!07>= 0 ands!08>=0 ands!09>=0 andsllO>=0 andslll>=0 andsl!2>=0 thenrun Sll3(sl06,s46,sll4,sll5);run Sll3(sl07,s47,sll6,sll7);run Sll3(sl08,s48,sll8,sll9);run Sll3(sl09,s49,sl20,sl21);run Sll3(sll0,s50,sl22,sl23);run Sll3(slll,s51,sl24,sl25);run Sll3(sll2,s52,sl26,sl27);Sl28=sl15+3117+si19+sl2l+sl23+sl25+s!27

if s!28> 999999.9 then 3128=999999.9

if sl!4>=0or sl!6>=0or sl!8>=0or s!20>=0or s!22>=0or s!24>=0or s!26>=0then run s78 (s20,s!290,s!300) ;run s78(s20m,s!290m,s!300m)

if s!28>=0

A13-4

Page 129: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

then run 3131(346,347,548,349,350,551,352,3114,3116,5118, 3120,3122,3124,3126,3115,3117,3119,5121,3123,3125,3127,5132) if sl28=0 then s!32=0 if s!28>=0 thenrun s81(s53, sl290,Sl01,s74,sl32,51300,sl33,s21,snor2,sl34,Sl35,sl36, 3137);sl38=s!36/8;sl39=s!38/5;s81 (s53, sl290m, slOl, s74, s!32, sl300m, sl33m, s21m, snor2,s!34m,s!35m,s!36m,s!37m);sl38m=sl36m/8

/* BASEMENTS

if s61>=0 thenrun Sll3(sl06,s54,sl40,sl41);run Sll3(sl07,s55,sl42,5143) ;run Sll3(sl08,s56,sl44,sl45) ;run Sll3(sl09,s57,sl46,3147);run 3113(3110,358,5148,3149) ;run Sll3(slll,s59,sl50,sl51);run Sll3(sll2,s60,sl52,sl53) ;Sl54=sl41+sl43+sl45+sl47+sl49+sl51+sl53

if s!54 >999999.9 thens!54 = 999999.9if s!40>=0or s!42>=0or s!44>=0or s!46>=0or s!48>=0or s!50>=0or s!52>=0then run s78(s22,s!55,s!56);run s78(s22m,s!55m,s!56m)

if s!54>=0 thenrun 5131(554,555,356,357,358,359,560,5140,5142,3144,5146, s!48,sl50,sl52,sl41,sl43,sl45,s!47,sl49,5151,5153,5157)

if s!54=0 then s!57=0

if si54 >=0 thenrun s81(s61,sl55,s!03,s74,5157,s!56,5158,s23,snor3, s!59, s!60,Sl61,sl62);sl63=sl61/8;s!64=sl63/5;run s81 (s61, sl55m, s!03, s74, s!57, s!56m, s!58m, s23m,snor3,s!59m,sl60m,s!61m,s!62m);sl63m=sl61m/8

/* TRENCHES

if s69>=0 thenrun Sll3(sl06,s52,sl65,sl66); run Sll3(sl07,s53,sl67,sl68) ; run Sll3(sl08,s54,sl69,sl70) ;

A13-5

Page 130: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

run Sll3(sl09,s55,sl71,sl72) ; run Sll3(sll0,s56,sl73,sl74) ; run Sll3(slll,s57,sl75,sl76) ; run Sll3(sll2,s58,sl77,sl78) ; Sl79=sl66+sl68+sl70+sl72+sl74+sl76+sl78

if s!79 > 999999.9 then 3179=999999.9

if s!65>=0or s!67>=0or s!69>=0or s!71>=0or s!73>=0or s!75>=0or s!77>=0then run s78(s24,s!80, s!81);run s78(s24m,slSOm,slSlm)

if s!79>=0 thenrun Sl31(s62,s63,s64,s65, 366, s67, 368, s!65, s!67, sl69,s!71,3173, sl75,s!77,si66,sl68,sl70,sl72,3174,Sl76,sl78,sl82)

if s!79>=0 or s!83>=0 thenrun s81(S69,sl80,sl05,s74,sl82,sl81,sl83,s25,snor4, s!84, s!85,s!86, s!87);sl88=s!86/8;s!89=sl88/5;run s81(s69,sl80m,s!05,s74,s!82,slSlm,s!83m,s25m, snor4, s!84m,sl85m,s!86m,s!87m);sl88m=sl86m/8

/* COMPACT BOTTOMS OF EXCAVATIONS

run s458(compl,s459)

run s460 (s461,s459,s462,s36,snorS,s463,s464)

run s458(complm,s459m)

run s460(s461,s459m,s462m,s36,snorS, s463m, s464m)

if s463>= 0 thens465=s463/8;s466=s465/5;s465m=s463m/8;lb_lt=0;lt_lc=0

if lt_lr >=0 or lr_lb>=0 or lb_lt>=0 or lt_lc>=0 thenrun stt(S897,sl38 / sl63,sl88,s465,lt_lr,lr_lb,lb_lt,lt_lc, sdat,shrt,swet,Send);

if lt_lrm >=0 or lr_lbm>=0 or lb_ltm>=0 or lt_lcm>=0 thenrun stt (s897m, s!38m, s!63m, s!88m, s465m,lt_lrm, lr_lbm,lb Itm,It 1cm,sdatm,shrtm,swetm,Sendm)

A13-6

Page 131: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if st4 is '(6)' thenuse screen_finallrun co_sit (s86,s96,s!37,s!62,s!87,s464, sitotc)

run co_sit(s86m,s96m,s!37m,s!62m,s!87m,s464m,sitotcm}

run Con_set(s39,s40,s37,s42,s46,s47,s48,s49,s50, s51, s52, s54, s55,s56,s57, s58, s59, s60,s62, s63, s64, s65, 366, s67, s68,s!06, sl07, sl08,sl09, sllO, sill, s!41, sl!2, 38, s20, 322, s24, s82, s!33, s!58, s!83,s766,s70,sit)

run con_seta (s461, lt_lr, lr_lb, lb_lt, lt_lc, s462, s44, s53, s61, s69,s40,s43,compl,sita)

run cost_set(s9,slO,sll,s!2,s!3,s!4,s!5,s!6,s!7, s!8, s27, s28,s29,s30,s31,s32,s33,s34,csit)run co_opt(sitotc,sdat,sitotcm, sdatm, s897m, s!38m, s!63m,s!88m,s465m,s896m,s!37m,s!62m,s!87m,s464m, s896,s897, s8m, s20m,s22m,s24m,s82m,s!33m,s!58m,s!83m,s462m,s!38, s!63, s!88, s465,3137,3162,3187,3464,38,320,322,324,382,3133,3158,3183,3462,compl,complm,sicoo)run co_optf (sdat,sdatm,Send,Sendm,snorl, snor2, snor3, snor4,snorS, sopt)

run finsset (s88,s98,s!39,s!64,s!89,s466,lt_lr,lr_lb,lb_lt, lt_lc,gral)

if st4 is not '(9)' then run set_return()

run dummy2(new_project)

run nstoreS(new_project,new5)

run exc escape()

CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS'

seek foundation_concrete

run Iag_mains2(lagmain)

run Iag_mains2m(lagmainm)

run con_fou2(ffo)

run cost_form2(cform)

run cost_fou2(cffo)

run co__opt2 (coofo)

run ntore4(new4)

run co_optf2(fopt)

A13-7

Page 132: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if new4 is 'y' or new4 is 'n' or lag_sifo>=0 or fl_f2>=0 or f2_f3>=0 or lag_sifom>=0 or fl_f2m>=0 or f2_f3m>=0~then

lt_lr=0; lr_lb=0; lb_lt=0; lt_lc=0; lt_lrm=0; lr_lbm=0; lb_ltm=0; lt_lcm=0; f!29 =0; f!30= 0 ; f!31 =0 ; f!32= 0 ; f!33 =0 ; f!34= 0 ; f!35 =0 ; f!36= 0 ; f!37 =0 ; £208= 0 ; f209 =0 ; f210= 0 ; f211 =0 ; f212= 0 ; f213 =0 ; f214= 0 ; f215= 0 ; ac=0

if new4 is 'y 1 thenrun cono_fou(f6,f7,f8,f9a, f!8, f!9, f20, f21, f29, f30, f31, f32,f40,f49,f50,f51,f52,f61,f62,f63,f64,f72,f73,f74,f75, f83, f84,f85,f86,f94,f95,f96,f97,fl05,fll4,fll5, fl!6, fl!7, fl!8, fl!9,f!20,f121,f122,f123,f129,f130,f131,f132,f133, f!34, f135, f!36,fl41,f!42,f!43,f!44,f145,f146,fl60,f!61, f!62, f!63, f!66, f!67,fl68,f!69,f!72,f!75,f!76,f!77,f!78, f!4, f!4, f!25, f!80, f!80,f44,f!09,f!55,f!81,f449,f45,f110,f156, f!82, f!82, f461, fl57,fl83,f!83,fl f2,f2 f3,f2 f3);

run cono_pro(f125m,f14m,f241,f238, f2394, f451, f241m, f238m, f2394m, f182m,f156m,f451m,cofototm, fodatm, flSOm, fl4b,f!4bm, f15, f15m,f451b,f451bm,f461b,f16,f16m,fI_f2m,f2_f3m)

use screen_2st

if st2 is '(1)' then use screen21

if st2 is ' (2)' then use screen21c

if st2 is '(3)' then use screen_gangsize2

A13-8

Page 133: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if st2 is '(4)' then use screen_ac

if st2 is '(6)' then use screen_optfo

if st2 is '(7)' then use screen_out

if st2 is '(8)' then run st_return

if ac = 1 then use screen_ov;

if ac=2 thenuse screen_gangsize2;use screen lab

run f5(f6,f7,f8,f9a,flO,f11,f12,f13,fnorl,f14b, f!94, ac,whb, whlb,f14bm,gib,glbl,ffm,f15,f16,f451bm,f16m)

run f17(f18,f19,f20,f21,f22,f23,f24,f25,fnor4,f26,f27)

run f28(f29,f30,f31,f32,f33,f34,f35,f36,fnor41,f37, f38)

run f39(f40,f41,fnor2,f42,f43)

/* TOTAL TIME FOR PLAIN CONCRETE (gangsize is taken into account here)

if f!4=0 then f44=0; f45=0; f46=0

if f!4m=0 then f45m=0

if f!4>0 then f47=f26+f37+f42; f44=f47/f!4; f45= f44/8; f46=f45/5

if ac=l and f!4>0 then f47=f!5+f26+f37+f42; wh3=whlc*whc/100-0.40*whlc; f45m=f47/fl4/8*40/whc+wh3

if ac=2 thenf47=f!5+f26+f37+f42;ffm3=f47/fl4m/8;run Aa(fl4m,f!4,ffm3,glc,glcl,f45m,Ra3)if f47> 999999.9 then

A13-9

Page 134: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

f47=999999.9if f44> 999999.9 thenf44=999999.9

if f45> 999999.9 then f45=999999.9

if f46> 999999.9 then f46=999999.9

if fl_f2 >=0 or f2_f3>=0 or fl_f2m>=0 or f2_f3m>=0 then run f48(f49,f50,f51,f52,f53,f54,f55,f56,fnor3,f58, f59)

run f 60 (f 61, f 62, f 63, f 64, f 65, f 66, f 67, f 68, fnor4, f 69, f70)

run f71(f72,f73,f74,f75,f76,f77,f78,f79,fnor42,f80, f81)

run f82(f83,f84,f85,f86,f87,f88,f89,f90,fnor41,f91, f92)

run f93(f94,f95,f96,f97,f98,f99,flOO,fl01,fnor43, f!02, f!03)

run f104(f105,f106,fnor2,f107,f108)

/*TOTAL TIME FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE

if f!4=0 then f!09=0; fllO=0; flll=0

if f!4m=0 then fl!0m=0

if f!4>0 thenfl!2=f58+f69+f80+f91+fl02+fl07;fl09=fll2/f!4;fllO=f!09/8;flll=fllO/5

if ac=l and f!4>0 then fll2=f58+f69+f80+f91+f!02+fl07; wh3=whlc*whc/100-0.40*whlc; fllOm=f!12/fl4/8*40/whc+wh3

if fllOm <0 then fl!0m=0

if ac=2 then fll2=f58+f69+f80+f91+f!02+fl07;ffm4=fll2/fl4m/8;run Aa(fl4m,f14,ffm4,glc,glcl,f110m,Ra4)

if f!5>=0 then f451b=f!5/8;

Page 135: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

f461b=f!5/5/8if f!09 > 999999.9 thenf!09=999999.9

if fllO > 999999.9 then fllO=999999.9

if fill > 999999.9 then flll=999999.9

if fl!2 > 999999.9 then fl!2=999999.9

if f!5 >999999.9 then f!5=999999.9

if f4499 >999999.9 then f4499=999999.9

run fll3(fll4,fll5,fll6,fll7,fll8,fll9,f!20,f121,f122, f123, f!24,fnor5,f126,f127)

run f140 (f141,f142,f143,f144,f145,f146,f147,f148,f!49, fl50,fl51,f!52,fnor6,fl53,fl54)

/*TOTAL TIME FOR REINFORCEMENT

if f!25=0 then f!55=0; f!56=0; f!57=0

if f!25m=0 then f!56m=0

if f!25>0 thenfl588=fl26+f!53;fl55=fl588/f!25;fl56=f!55/8;fl57=f!56/5

if ac=l and f!25>0 then fl588=fl26+f!53; whl=whlr*whr/100-0.40*whlr; f!56m=f1588/f12578*40/whc+whl

if f!56m<0 then f!56m=0

if ac=2 thenfl588=fl26+f!53;ffml=fl588/fl25m/8;run Aa(fl25m,f!25,ffml,glr,girl,f!56m,Ral

Page 136: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

run fl59(fl60 / fl61,fl62,fl63,lfml / lfm2,lfm3,lfm4,fnor7, fl64,cf!64)

run f 165 (f 166, f 167, f 168, f 169, Ifm5, Ifm6,Ifm7,Ifm8, fnor7, fl70,cf!70)

run f!71 (fl72,lfm9,fnor7 / fl73,cfl73)

run f174 (f175,f176,f!77,f178,IfmlO,Ifmil,Ifml2,Ifml3, fnor7, f!79,cf!79)

/*TOTAL TIME FOR FORMWORK

if f!80=0 then f!81=0

if f!80>0 thenfl844=fl64+fl70+f!73+fl79;fl81=fl844/f!80;fl82=f!81/8;fl83=f!82/5

if ac=l and f!80>0 then fl844=fl64+fl70+f!73+fl79; wh=whlf*whf/100-0.40*whlf; fl82m=fl844/fl80/8MO/whf+wh

if f!82m<0 then f!82m=0

if ac=2 thenfl844=fl64+fl70+f!73+fl79;ffm=fl844/f!80m/8;run Aa(fl80m,f!80,ffm,glf,glf1,f!82m,Ra)

if f!844>999999.9 then f!844=999999.9

if f!84 > 999999.9 then f!84=999999.9

if f!844m>999999.9 then f!844m=999999.9

if f!84m> 999999.9 then f!84m=999999.9

if f!588>999999.9 then f!588=999999.9

if f!58 > 999999.9 then f!58=999999.9

if f!588m>999999.9 then f!588m=999999.9

A13-42

Page 137: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if f!58m> 999999.9 then f!58m=999999.9

if f!81 > 999999.9 then f!81=999999.9

if f!82 > 999999.9 then f!82=999999.9

if f!83 > 999999.9 then f!83=999999.9

if f!82m > 999999.9 then f!82m=999999.9

if f!55 > 999999.9 then f!55=999999.9

if f!56 > 999999.9 then f!56=999999.9

if f!57 > 999999.9 then f!57=999999.9

if f!56m > 999999.9 then f!56m=999999.9

if f44>=0 then f449=f!09+f44; f451=f449/8; f461=f451/5

if f449 > 999999.9 then f449=999999.9

if f451 > 999999.9 then f451=999999.9

if f461 > 999999.9 then f461=999999.9

if f!5 > 999999.9 then f!5=999999.9

if f451b > 999999.9 then f451b=999999.9

if f461b > 999999.9 then f461b=999999.9

if f451bm > 999999.9 then f451bm=999999.9

if fllOm >= 0 then f451m=fllOm+f45m

if f451m > 999999.9 then f451m=999999.9

Page 138: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

run fl89(f45,fllO,fl56,fl82,fl91)

run fl89(f46,flll,fl57,fl83,fl92)

run fl93(f6,f7,f8,f9a,fl8,fl9,f20,f21,f29,f30, f31, f32, f40, f49,f50,f51,f52,f61,f62,f63,f64,f72,f73,f74,f75,f83, f84,f85, f86,f94,f95,f96,f97,f105,f194,f195,f196)

run fl97(fll4,fll5, fl!6, fl!7, fl!8, fl!9, f!20, f!21, f!22,fl23,fl41,fl42,fl43,fl44,fl45,fl46,fl60,fl61,fl62,fl63,fl66,fl67,fl68,fl69,f!72,fl75,fl76,fl77, f178,f198,f199,f200,f201,f202,f203,f204,f205,f206,f207,f216,f217,f218,f219,f220,f221,f222,f223,f224, f225, f226, f227, f228, f229, f230,f231, f232,f233,f234,f235,f236)

run f237(f235, f!27, f!54, f!95, f27, f38,f43, f!96, f59,f70, f92,f81,f!03,f!08,ac,f!4m,f!4,whl,wh3, f125m,f125, glr, girl, glc,glcl,f238,f2394,f2394m,f238m)

run fcoform(cfl64,cfl70,cfl73, cf!79, f236, whf, ac, wh,f!80, flSOm, glf,glfl,f241,f241m)

if lag_sifo>=0 thenrun fott(lag_sifo,fl82,f!56, f451, fl_f2, f2_f3, fodat,fohrt,fowet,Fend);

if lag_sifom>=0 thenrun fott(lag_sifom,f182m,f156m,f451m, fl_f2m, f2_f3m, fodatm,fohrtm,fowetm,Fendm)

if st2 is '(1)' or st2 is '(2)' or st2 is '(3)' or st2 is '(6)' then run found return()

if st2 is '(4)' then use screen_optfo; run found_return()

if st2 is '(5)' then

use screen_fina!2; run found_return()

run cototfou(f241,f238,f2394,f16,cofotot)

run cototfou(f241m,f238m,f2394m,f16m,cofototm)

run con fou(f6,f7, f8, f9a, f!8, f!9, f20, f21, f29, f30,f31, f32,f407f49,f50,f51,f52,f61,f62,f63,f64,f72,f73,f74, f75, f83., f84,f85, f86, f94, f95,f96,f97, f!05, fl!4, fl!5, fl!6, fl!7, fl!8, fl!9, fl20,fl21,f!22,fl23,fl29, f!30, f!31, f!32, f!33,

Page 139: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

f!34, f135,f136,f141,f142,f143,f144,f145,f146,f160,f161,f162, fl63,fl66,fl67,fl68,fl69,fl72,f!75,fl76,fl77, f!78, f!4, f!4, fl25,fl80,fl80,f44,fl09,fl55,fl81,fl81,f45,fllO,fl56,fl82, f182,f461,f157, fl83,f!83,f449,ffo)

run cost_fou(flO,fll,fl2,fl3,f22,f23,f24, f25, f33, f34, f35, f36,f41,f53,f54,f55,f56,f65,f66,f67,f68,f76,f77,f78,f79,f87, f88,f89,f90,f98,f99,f100,f101,f106,f124,f137,f147,f148,f149, f!50,f151,f152,f!94,f!98,f199,f200,f201,f202, f203, f204, f205, f206,f207,f208,f209,f210,f211,f212,f213,f214,f215,f216,f217, f218,f219,f220,f221,f222,f223,f224,f225,f226,f227,f228,f229, f230,f231,f232,f233,f234,cofotot,cffo)

run cost_form(lfml,Ifm2,Ifm3,Ifm4,Ifm5,Ifm6, Ifm7, Ifm8,lfm9, IfmlO, Ifmll,Ifml2,lfm!3,whf,whr,whc,whb,whlf,whir,whlc,whlb, glf,glr,glc,gib,glf1,girl,glcl,glbl,cform)

run co_opt( cofotot, fodat, cofototm, fodatm, f2394m, fl82m, f!56m, f451m, f241, f238, f2394,f451,f241m,f238m,f180m,f125m, f!4m, f!4b, f!4bm, f16,f16m,f15,f451b,f451bm,f461b,f182,f156, coofo)

run co_optf(fodat,fodatm,Fend,Fendm,fnorl,fnor2,fnor3, fnor4, fnor41, fnor42,fnor43,fnorS,fnor6,fnor7,fopt)

run fin_found(f183,f157,f461,fI_f2,f2_f3,f461b,foungr)

run dummy2(new_project)

run nstore4(new_project,new4)

run foun_escape()

A13-45

Page 140: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

'TYPICAL FLOOR'

seek typical_floor

run Iag_mains2(lagmain)

run Iag_mains2m(lagmainm)

run con_tyf2(typ)

run con_tyfa2(typa)

run num3a(noo3)

run ora2(unor)

run cost_typ2(ctyp)

run cost_typa2(ctypa)

run co_opt2(fItcoos)

run ntorel(newl)

if newl is 'y' or newl is 'n' thentf!66 =0;tf!67 =0;tf!68 =0;tf!69 =0;tf!70 =0;tf!71 =0;tf!72 =0;tf!73 =0;tf266 =0;tf267 =0;tf268 =0;tf269 =0;tf270 =0;tf271 =0;tf272 =0;tf273 =0;tf274 =0;tf275 =0;tf276 =0;tf277 =0;tf278 =0;tf279 =0;tf280 =0;tf281 =0;tf52 =0;tf53 =0;tf54 =0;tf55 =0;tf56 =0;tf57 =0;tf58 =0;tf59 =0;tf60 =0;

A13-16

Page 141: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

tf61 =0; tf62 =0; tf63 =0; tf64 =0; tf65 =0; tf66 =0; tf69 =0; tf331 =0; tf332 =0; tf333 =0; tf334 =0; tf335 =0; tf336 =0; tf337 =0; tf338 =0; tf311 =0; tf!37 =0; tf!39 =0; tf343 =0; tf!43 =0; tf345 =0; tf!45 =0;

if newl is 'y' or newl is 'n' thenlt_lr=0;lr_lb=0;lb_lt=0;lt_lc=0;fl_f2=0;f2_f3=0;lt_lrm=0;lr_lbm=0;lb_ltm=0;lt_lcm=0;fl_f2m=0;f2_f3m=0;lag_sifo=0;lag_fogr=0;lag_grfir=0;lag_sifom=0;lag_fogrm=0;lag_grfirm=0

if newl is 'y' thenrun Con_tyfk(tf8,tf9,tfl0,tfll,tfl2,tfl3,tfl4,tfl5,tfl6,tf32,tf33,tf34,tf35,tf36,tf37,tf38,tf39,tf40,tf41,tf42,tf43, tf44,tf45,tf46,tf47,tf48,tf49,tf50,tf51,tf52,tf53,tf54,tf55,tf56,tf57,tf58,tf59,tf60,tf61,tf62,tf63,tf64,tf65,tf66,tf75,tf76,tf77,tf78,tf79,tf80,tf81,tf82,tf83,tf84,tf85,tf86, tf87, tf88,tf89,tf90,tfl36,tfl37,tfl38,tfl39,tfll8, tfl!9, tf!56, tf!57,tf!58,tf!59,tf!60,tf!61,tf!62,tf!63,tf!64,tf!65,tf!66,tf!67,tf168,tf169,tf170,tf171,tf172,tf173,tf180,tf1810, tf182, tf183,tfl84,tfl85,tfl86,tfl87,tf311,no3)

if newl is 'y 1 thenrun con_tyfak(tfl7,tf67,tf91,tfl40,tf!74,tf242, tf282, tf290,tfl41,tfl96,tfl97,tfl98,tfl99,tf200,tf201,tf202,tf203,tf204,

Page 142: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

tf205,tf206, tf207, tf219, tf220, tf221, tf222, tf223,tf224 tf225,tf226,tf227,tf228,tf229,tf246,tf247,tf248,tf249 / tf250 tf251,tf252,tf253,tf254,tf255,tf256,tf257,tf258,tf259,tf260 tf261,tf262,tf263,tf264,tf265,tf266,tf267,tf268,tf269,tf270 tf271,tf272,tf273,tf274,tf275,tf276,tf277,tf278,tf279,tf280 tf281,tfl22,tfl23,tfl24,tfl25,tfl26,tfl27,tfl28,tfl29,tfl30 tf131,tf132,lag_cwl,Iag_cw2,lag_sbl,Iag_sb2,lag_scl,Iag_sc2 lag_cwsbl, lag_sbsl, lag_cwlm, Iag_cw2m, lag_sblm, Iag_sb2m lag_sclm,Iag_sc2m, lag_cwsblm,lag_sbslm)

if newl is 'y' thenrun co_fld(fltcos,fdat,tf373, tf374,tf375, tf376, tf377, tf378, tf379,tf380,tf381,tf28,tf!49,tf243, tf71, tf!76, tf286,tflll, tf150,tf303,tf373m,tf374m,tf375m,tf376m,tf377m,tf378m,tf379m, tf380m,tf381m,tf28m,tf149m,tf243m,tf71m,tf176m, tf286m, tfHim, tf150m,tf303m,fItcosm,fdatm,tf17m,tf140m,tf242m,tf67m,tf174m, tf282m,tf91m,tf141m,tf290m)

use screen_3st

if st3 is '(0)' then use screen_no3; ac=3

if st3 is ' (1) ' thenuse screen31;ac=3

if st3 is '(2)' then use screen31c;

ac=3

if st3 is '(3)' then use screen_gangsize; ac=3

if st3 is '(4)' then use screen_ac

if st3 is '(6)' then use screen__ac; acc=l

if st3 is '(7)' then use screen__or; ac=3

if st3 is '(8)' thenac=3;run st_return

if ac =1 and ace = 1 then use screen ov;

Page 143: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if ac =2 and acc=l then use screen_gangsize; use screen_lab

if st3 is '(5)' thenac=3run tf7(tf8,tf9,tflO,tfll,tfl2,tfl3,tfl4,tfl5,tfl6,tfl7,tfl8,tf!9,tf20,tf21,tf22,tf23,tf24,tf25,tf26, no3, unor3, ac, whf,whlf,tf!7m,glf,glfl,tf27,tf28,tf29,whl,tf28m)

if tf28 >= 0 then tf30=tf28/5

if tf30 > 999999.9 thentf30=999999.9run tf31(tf32,tf33,tf34,tf35,tf36,tf37,tf38,tf39, tf40, tf41,tf42,tf43,tf44,tf45,tf46,tf47,tf48,tf49,tf50, tf51, tf67, tf68,no3,unor2,ac,whr,whir,tf67m,glr,girl,tf70 / tf71, tf72, tf71m,wh2)

if tf71 >=0 then tf73=tf71/5

if tf73 > 999999.9 thentf73=999999.9runtf74(tf75,tf76,tf77,tf78,tf79,tf80,tf81,tf82,tf83 / tf84,tf85,tf86 / tf87,tf88 / tf89,tf90 / tf91,tf92,tf93,tf94,tf95,tf96, tf97,tf98,tf99,tflOO,tfl01,tfl02,tfl03 / tfl04 / tfl05,tfl06,tfl07 / no3junor^ac/whc^whlc, tf91m, glc,glcl, tf!08, tf!09, tfllO, tflll,tfll2,tflllm,wh3)

runtfll3(tf75 / tf76 / tf77,tf78 / tf79,tf80,tf81,tf82,tf83,tf84,tf85, tf86, tf87,tf88,tf89,tf90,tfll4,tfll5,no3,tfll6)

run tfll7(tfll8,tfll9 / tfll4 / tfll5,no3,tfl20)

210:runtfl21(tfl22,tfl23,tfl24 / tfl25 / tfl26,tfl27,tfl28,tfl29,tfl30, tf!31, tfl32,tf!14 / tfll5,no3,tfl33)

if tflll >=0 then tf!34=tflll/5

if tf!34 > 999999.9 thentf!34=999999.9runtf 135 (tf 136, tf 137, tf 138, tf 139, tf 118, tfll9/tf 140, tf 141^142,tf!43, tf!44,tf!45,tfl46,no3,unor9,unor7 / ac / whf,whl, tf!40m,glf,glfl, whc,wh3,tf141m,glc,glcl,tf147,tf148,tf149,tf150,tf151,tf152,tf149m,tf150m)

Page 144: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if tf!50>= 0 then tfl53=tf!50/5

if tf!49>=0 then tfl54=tf!49/5

if tf!53 > 999999.9 then tf!53=999999.9

if tf!54 > 999999.9 thentf!54=999999.9run tfl55(tf!56, tf!57, tf!58, tf159,tf160,tf161,tf162,tf163,f!64, fl65,tfl66,tf!67,tf168,tf169,tf170,tf!71, tf!72, tf!73,tf!74, tf68,tf69,no3,unor8,ac,whr,wh2,tf174m,glr,girl, tf!75,tf!76, tfl77,tf!76m)

if tf!76>= 0 then tfl78=tf!76/5

if tf!78 > 999999.9 thentf!78=999999.9run tfl79(tfl80,tfl810,tfl82,tfl83,tfl84,tfl85, tf!86, tf!87,tfl88,tfl89,tfl90,tf!91 / tfl92 / no3,unor6,tfl93,tfl94)

run tfl95(tfl96,tfl97,tfl98 / tf!99,tf200,tf201,tf202,tf203, tf204, tf205, tf206 / tf207,tf208,tf209,tf210,tf211,tf212, tf213, tf214,tf215,no3,unor6,tf216,tf217)

run tf218(tf219,tf220,tf221,tf222,tf223, tf224, tf225, tf226, tf227 / tf228,tf229,tf230,tf231,tf232,tf233,tf234,tf235, tf236, no3,unor6,tf237,tf238)

if tf216>=0 thentf239=tf216+tf237;tf240=tf239+tf!93;dddd=tf242;tf241=tf240/dddd;tf243=tf241/8;tf244=tf243/5;tf245=tf!94+tf217+tf238;

if ac = 1 then tf243m=tf243*40/whf+whl

if ac =2 and tf242m>0 thenffm=tf243*tf2427tf242m;run Aa(tf242,tf242m,ffm,glf,glf1, tf243m, af)

if tf243 > 999999.9 then tf243=999999.9

if tf243m > 999999.9 then tf243m=999999.9

if tf239 > 999999.9 then tf239=999999.9

A13-50

Page 145: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if tf240 > 999999.9 then tf240=999999.9

if tf241 > 999999.9 then tf241=999999.9

if tf245 > 999999.9 then tf245=999999.9

if tf244 > 999999.9 then tf244=999999.9

runtf31(tf246,tf247,tf248,tf249,tf250,tf251, tf252, tf253, tf254 ,tf255 / tf256 / tf257,tf258,tf259,tf260,tf261,tf262,tf263,tf264, tf265,tf282,tf68,no3,unorS,ac,whr,whir,tf282m,glr, girl, tf285, tf286,tf287,tf286m,wh2)

if tf286>=0 then tf288=tf286/5

if tf288 > 999999.9 then tf288=999999.9

run tf289(tfl22,tfl23,tfl24,tfl25,tf!26, tf!27, tf!28, tf!29, tf!30, tf!31,tfl32,tf290,tf291,tf292,tf293,tf294, tf295, tf296, tf297,tf298,tf299,tf300,tf301,no3,unor4,ac, whc, wh3, tf290m, glc,glcl,tf302,tf303,tf304,tf303m)

if tf303>=0 then tf305=tf303/5

if tf305 > 999999.9 then tf305=999999.9

run time_tota!3(tf27,tf147,tf241,tf70,tf175, tf285, tf110, tf!48, tf302, tf307)

run tf306(tf28,tf71,tflll, tf!49, tf!50, tf!76, tf243, tf286, tf303,tf308)

run tf306(tf30,tf73,tf!34, tfl54, tf!53, tf!78, tf244, tf288, tf305, tf309)

run tf310(tf8,tf9,tflO,tfll,tfl2,tfl3,tfl4, tf!5, tf!6, tf32, tf33, tf34,tf35,tf36,tf37,tf38 / tf39,tf40 / tf41,tf42,tf43,tf44, tf45, tf46,tf47,tf48,tf49,tf50,tf51,tf312,tf313,tf314, tf315, tf316,tf317,tf318,tf319,tf320,tf321,tf322,tf323,tf324, tf325, tf326,tf327,tf328,tf329,tf330,tf321,tf322,tf323,tf324, tf325, tf326,tf327,tf328,tf329,tf330,no3,tf339,tf340)

run tf341(tfl36,tfl37,tfl38,tfl39,tf!56, tf!57, tf!58, tf!59, tf!60, tfl61,tfl62,tfl63,tfl64,tfl65,tfl66,tfl67,tfl68,tfl69, tfl70 / tfl71,tf!72,tfl73tf342,tf343,tf344,tf345, tf321, tf322, tf323,tf324,tf325,tf326,tf327,tf328,tf329,tf330,tf331, tf332, tf333,tf334,tf335,tf336,tf337,tf338,no3,tf346,tf347)

A13-21

Page 146: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

run tf348(tfl80 / tfl810 / tf!82,tfl83,tfl84,tfl85, tf!86, tf!87,tfl96,tfl97,tfl98,tfl99,tf200,tf201,tf202,tf203,tf204, tf205,tf206,tf207,tf219,tf220,tf221,tf222,tf223,tf224,tf225, tf226,tf227,tf228,tf229,tf349,tf350,tf351,tf349,tf350,tf351, tf352,tf353,tf354,tf355,tf356,tf357,tf354,tf355,tf356,tf357, tf358,tf359,tf360,tf361,tf362,tf363,tf364,tf365,tf362,tf363, tf364, tf365,tf366,tf367,tf368,no3,tf369)

run tf370(tf246,tf247,tf248,tf249,tf250, tf251, tf252, tf253,tf254, tf255, tf256, tf257, tf258,tf259, tf260, tf261, tf262,tf263, tf264, tf265, tf266,tf267, tf268, tf269, tf270, tf271,tf272,tf273,tf274,tf275,tf276,tf277,tf278,tf279,tf280, tf281,tf321,tf322,tf323,tf324,tf325,tf326,tf327,tf328,tf329, tf330,tf321,tf322,tf323,tf324,tf325,tf326, tf327, tf328, tf329, tf330,tf331,tf332,tf333,tf334,tf335,tf336,tf337,tf338,tf331, tf332, tf333,tf334,tf335,tf336 r tf337,tf338,no3,tf371)

run tf372(tf29,tf245,tf!51, tf72, tf287, tf!77, tfl!2, tf304, tfl52,tf339,tf369,tf346 / tf340,tf371 / tf347,tfll6,tfl33, tf!20, whl, wh2,wh3,tf17,tf242,tf140, tf67, tf282, tf!74, tf91, tf290, tf!41, tf17m,tf242m,tf140m,tf67m,tf282m,tf174m,tf91m, tf290m, tf!41m, glf,glfl,glr,glrl,glc, glcl, ac, tf373, tf374, tf375, tf376, tf377, tf378,tf379,tf380,tf381,tf373m, tf374m, tf375m, tf376m, tf377m, tf378m,tf379m,tf380m,tf381m)

run fltco(tf373,tf374,tf375,tf376,tf377, tf378, tf379, tf380, tf381,fltcos)

run fltco(tf373m,tf374m,tf375m,tf376m,tf377m, tf378m, tf379m, tf380m,tf381m,fItcosm)

if lag_cwl>=0 and Iag_cw2>=0 or lag_sbl>=0 or Iag_sb2>0 or lag_scl>=0 or Iag_sc2>=0 or lag_cwsbl>=0 or lag_sbsl>=0 then run ftt(tf28,tf71,tflll,tf243,tf286,tf303,tfl49,tfl76, tflSO, lag_cwl,Iag_cw2,lag_sbl,Iag_sb2,lag_scl,Iag_sc2,lag_cwsbl, lag_sbsl,wallday,slabday,stairday,fdat, fhrt, fwet)

if lag_cwlm>=0 and Iag__cw2m>=0 or lag_sblm>=0 or Iag_sb2m>0 or lag_sclm>=0 or Iag_sc2m>=0 or lag_cwsblm>=0 or lag_sbslm>=0 then

run ftt(tf28m, tf71m, tflllm, tf243m, tf286m, tf303m, tf!49m, tf176m,tf150m,lag_cwlm,Iag_cw2m,lag_sblm,Iag_sb2m,lag_sclm, Iag_sc2m, lag_cwsblm,lag_sbslm,walldaym,slabdaym,stairdaym, fdatm,fhrtm,fwetm)

run con_tyf(tf8,tf9,tf10,tf11,tf12,tf13,tf14,tf15,tf16, tf32, tf33,tf34,tf35,tf36,tf37,tf38,tf39,tf40,tf41,tf42,tf43, tf44, tf45,tf46,tf47,tf48,tf49,tf50,tf51,tf52,tf53,tf54,tf55, tf56, tf57,tf58,tf59,tf60,tf61,tf62,tf63,tf64,tf65,tf66,tf75, tf76, tf77,tf78,tf79,tf80,tf81,tf82,tf83,tf84,tf85,tf86,tf87, tf88, tf89,tf90,tfl36,tfl37,tfl38,tfl39,tfll8, tfl!9, tf!56, tf!57, tfl58 / tfl59,tfl60,tfl61,tfl62,tf!63,tfl64,tfl65,tfl66, tf!67, tf168,tf169,tf170,tf171,tf172,tf173,tf180,tf1810,tf182,tf183, tf!84,tf!85,tf!86,tf!87,tf311, typ)

run con_tyfa(tfl7,tf67,tf91,tfl40,tfl74, tf242, tf282, tf290, tfl41,tfl96,tfl97,tf!98,tfl99,tf200,tf201,tf202,tf203, tf204,

A13-22

Page 147: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

tf205,tf206,tf207,tf219,tf220,tf221,tf222,tf223,tf224, tf225, tf226,tf227,tf228,tf229,tf246,tf247,tf248,tf249,tf250, tf251, tf252,tf253,tf254,tf255,tf256,tf257,tf258,tf259,tf260, tf261, tf262,tf263,tf264,tf265,tf266,tf267,tf268,tf269,tf270, tf271, tf272,tf273,tf274,tf275,tf276,tf277,tf278,tf279,tf280, tf281, tfl22 / tfl23,tfl24,tfl25,tfl26,tfl27,tfl28 / tfl29,tfl30,tfl31, tf!32,typa)

run Cost_typ(tfl8,tfl9,tf20,tf21,tf22,tf23, tf24, tf25, tf26, tf68,tf69,tf92,tf93,tf94 / tf95, tf96, tf97, tf98, tf99, tflOO, tfl01,tfl02,tfl03,tfl05,tfl06,tfl07,tfll4,tfll5,tfl42, tf!43, tf!44,tf!45, tfl46,tfl88,tfl89,tfl90,tfl91,tfl92,tf208, tf209, tf210, tf211,tf212, tf213,tf214,tf2!5 / tf230,tf231, tf232, tf233, tf234,tf235,tf236,tf291,tf292,tf293,tf294,tf295, tf296, tf297, tf298,tf299,tf300,tf301,tf312,tf313,tf314,tf315 / tf316,fltcos, ctyp)

run cost_typa(tf354, tf355, tf356, tf357, tf358, tf359, tf360, tf361,tf362,tf363,tf364 / tf365,tf366,tf367 / tf368,tf317, tf318, tf319,tf320,tf321, tf322, tf 323, tf 324, tf 325, tf 326, tf327, tf328, tf329, tf330, tf331, tf332, tf333, tf334, tf335,tf336, tf337, tf338, tf342,tf343,tf344,tf345,tf346,tf347,tf349,tf350,tf351,tf352, tf353,tf!04,ctypa)

run num3 (no3,noo3)

run gratyf (tf 30, tf244, tf 154, tf73, tf288, tf!78, tf!34, tf305, tf!53,grtyf)

run gratyf 2 (lag_cwl, Iag_cw2, lag_sbl, Iag_sb2, lag_scl, Iag_sc2, lag_cwsbl, lag_sbsl, grtyf2)

run nstore (new_project, newww) if st3 is ' (5) ' then use screen_f ina!3

if st3 is ' (4) ' or st3 is ' (6) ' then use screen_optfl

run co_opt (fltcos, fdat, tf373, tf374, tf 375, tf376, tf377, tf378, tf379,tf380, tf381, tf28, tf!49, tf243,tf71, tf!76, tf286, tflll, tf 150, tf 303, tf 373m, tf 374m, tf 375m, tf 376m, tf 377m, tf 378m, tf 379m, tf 380m, tf 381m, tf 28m, tf 149m, tf243m, tf71m, tf 176m, tf286m, tf Him, tf 150m, tf 303m, f Itcosm, fdatm, tf 17m, tf 140m, tf242m, tf 67m, tf 174m, tf282m, tf 91m, tf 141m, tf290m, f Itcoos)

run co_optf ( wallday, slabday, stairday, walldaym, slabdaym, stairdaym, fdat, fdatm, f Itcos, f Itcosm, tf 381, tf 381m, f lopt)

runora ( unorl, unor2, unor3, unor4, unor5,unor6,unor7, unorS, unor9,whf,whr,whc,whlf,whlr,whlc,glf,glr,glc,glfl,glrl, glcl,unor)

if st3 is not ' (8) ' and lag_cwl>=0 and Iag_cw2>=0 and

A13-23

Page 148: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

lag_sbl>=0 and Iag_sb2>=0 and lag_scl>=0 and Iag_sc2>=0 and 1ag_cwsb1>= 0 and lag_sbsl>=0 then run floor_return()

run dummy2(new_project)

run nstorel(new_project,newl)

run ty_escape()

1 ENVELOPE'

seek enn

use screen_en

run enc(en,enl)

run esc()

'EXTERNAL BRICKWORK/BLOCKWORK'

seek block_brick

control common

run con_bbo2(bbof)

run con_bbof2(mur)

run cost_bb2(cbbof)

run co_opt2(bctoot)

run noooob3(nob3)

run ntore2(new2)

if new2 is 'y 1 thenrun Conbbo(b6,b7,b8,b9,bl0,bll,bl2,bl3,bl4,bl5,b27, b28, b29,b30,b31,b32,b33,b34,b44,b45,b46,b47,b48,b49,b50,b51,b52, b53,b54,b55,b56,b57,b58,b59,b60,b61,b76,b77,b78,b79,b80,b81, b82,b83,b84,b85,b86,b87,b88,b89,b90,b91,b92, b93, b94, b95, bill,bll2,bll3,bll4,bll5,bll6,bll7,bll8,bll9,bl20,bl36,bl37, b!38,bl39,bl40,bl41,bl42,bl43,bl44,bl45,bl59,bl67,nb3,bl59m,bl67m,b217m,b219m,bl61m,bl69m,bfl36,bfl37,bfl44,bf207,bfl46,bf211,bfl50,bf209,bf!47,bctotm);bl73m=b!61m

use screen_4stA13-24

Page 149: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if st4 is '(1)' then use screen_41; ac=3

if st4 is '(2)' then use screen_41c; ac=3

if st4 is '(3)' then use screen_gangsize4; ac=3

if st4 is '(5)' then use screen_ac

if st4 is '(6)' then use screen_oub; ac=3

if st4 is '(7)' thenac=3;run st_return

if st4 is '(4)' then ac=3

if ac=l then use screen_ov;

if ac=2 thenuse screen_gangsize4;use screen_lab

if ac <> 1 and ac<> 2 then ac=3

run b5(b6,b7 / b8 / b9 / blO,bll,bl2,bl3,bl4,bl5,bl6,bl7, b!8, b!9, b20, b21, ebloc,b22,b23,b24 / b25)

run b26(b27,b28,b29,b30,b31,b32,b33, b34, b35, b36, b37, b38, b21,ebloc,b39,b40,b41,b42)

run b43(b44,b45,b46 / b47,b48,b49 / b50 / b51,b52,b53,b54,b55, b56, b57,b58,b59,b60,b61,b62,b63,b64,b65,b66,b67,b68,b69,b70, b21, ebloc,b71,b72,b73,b74)

run b75(b76,b77,b78,b79,b80,b81,b82,b83,b84,b85,b86, b87,b88, b89, b90,b91,b92,b93,b94,b95,b96,b97,b98,b99,blOO, bl01,b!02, bl03,bl04,bl05,b21,ebloc,bl06,bl07,bl08,bl09)

run bllO(blll,bll2,bll3,bll4,bll5,bll6,bll7,bll8, bl!9, b!20, bl21,bl22,bl23,bl24,bl25,bl26,bl27,bl28,bl29,bl30,ebloc,bl3l, b!32,b!33,bl34)

run bl35(bl36,bl37,bl38,bl39,bl40,bl41,bl42,bl43, b!44, b!45, bl46,bl47,bl48,bl49,bl50,bl51,bl52,bfl36,bfl37,bfl44,bfl46,

A13-25

Page 150: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

bfl47,bfl50,ebric, bl53,bl54,bl55,b!56)

if b!31 >=0 thenb!57=b22+b39+b71;bl58=bl57+b!31

if b!59=0 thenb!60=0;b!61=0;b!62=0if b!59m=0 thenb!61m=0

if b!59>0 thennb3160=nb3*b!59;bl60=b!58/nb3160;bl61=b!60/8;b!65=b24+b41+b73;bl66=bl65+bl08+b!33;bl62=b!66/nb3160

if ac=l and b!59>0 thenwhl=whll*whbl/100-0.40*whll;bl61m=bl58/bl59/8/nb3MO/whbl+whl

if ac=2 thenffml=bl58/bl59m/8/nb3;run Aa(bl59m,bl59,ffml,glfl,glll,bl61m,ral)

if b!67=0 then b!68=0; b!69=0; b!70=0

if b!67m=0 then b!69m=0

if b!67>0 thennb3168=nb3*b!67;bl68=b!53/nb3168;bl69=b!54/nb3168;bl70=b!55/nb3168

if ac=l and b!67>0 then wh2=whlr*whbr/100-0.40*whlr; bl69m=bl53/b!67/8/nb3*40/whbr+wh2

if ac=2 thenffm2=bl53/b!67m/8/nb3;run Aa(bl67m,bl67,ffm2,glfr,glrl,b!69m,ra2)

if bl60<b!68 then bl71=b!68; b!72=b!69; bl73=b!70

if bl60>=b!68 then bl71=b!60;

A13-26

Page 151: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

bl72=b!61; b!73=b!62

if bl61m>bl69m then bl73m=bl61m

if b!61m<=bl69m then b!73m=bl69m

if b!71 > 9999.9 then b!71=9999.9

if b!60> 9999.9 then b!60=9999.9

if b!61> 9999.9 then b!61=9999.9

if b!62> 9999.9 then b!62=9999.9

if b!68> 9999.9 then b!68=9999.9

if b!69> 9999.9 then b!69=9999.9

if b!70> 9999.9 then b!70=9999.9

if b!61m> 9999.9 then b!61m=9999.9

if b!69m> 9999.9 then b!69m=9999.9

if b!72> 99999.9 then b!72=99999.9

if b!73m> 99999.9 then b!73m=99999.9

run b!74(b6,b7,b8,b9,bl0 / bll f bl2 / bl3,bl4,bl5,b27,b28,b29,b30, b31,b32,b33,b34,b44,b45,b46,b47,b48,b49,b50,b51,b52,b53,bl75, bl76,bl77,bl78,bl79,bl80,bl81,bl82,bl83,bl84,bl85,bl86 ,b!87, bl88,bl89,b!90)

run b!74(b54,b55,b56,b57,b58,b59,b60,b61,b76,b77,b78,b79,b80, b81,b82,b83,b84,b85,b86,b87,b88,b89,b90,b91,b92,b93,b94, b95, bl91,bl92,bl93,bl94,bl95,bl96,bl97,bl98,bl99,b200,b201, b202, b203,b204,bl89,b205)

run b206(bl36,bl37,bl38,bl39,bl40,bl41,bl42,bl43, b!44, b!45, b207,b208,b209,b210,b211,b212 / bl52,bfl36,bf207, bf!44, bf211, bf!37,bf209,b213)

run b214 (b!90,b205,b215)

A13-27

Page 152: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

1 INTERNAL BRICKWORK/BLOCKWORK'

seek block_brick

control common

run con_bbo2(ibbof)

run con_bbof2(imur)

run cost_bb2(icbbof)

run co_opt2(ibctoot)

run noooob3(nob3)

run ntore2(new2)

if new2 is 'y 1 thenrun conbbo(ib6,ib7,ib8,ib9,ibIO,ibll, ib!2, ib!3, ib!4, ib!5 ib27, ib28,ib29,ib30,ib31,ib32,ib33,ib34,ib44,ib45,ib46,ib47 ib48,ib49,ib50,ib51,ib52,ib53,ib54,ib55,ib56,ib57,ib58, ib59 ib60,ib61,ib76,ib77,ib78,ib79,ib80,ib81,ib82,ib83,ib84, ib85 ib86,ib87,ib88,ib89,ib90,ib91, ib92, ib93, ib94, ib95, iblll

, ibl!4, ibllS, ibll6, 117,^118, ibl!9, ib!20, ib!36 ^139, ib!40, ib!41, ib!42, ib!43, ib!44, ib!45, ib!59

ibl67,nb3,ib!59m,ib!67m,ib217m,ib219m,ibl61m, ib!69m, ibf!36 ibfl37,ibf!44,ibf207, ibf!46, ibf211, ibflSO, ibf209, ibf!47 ibctotm); ib!73m=ibl61m

use screen_4st

if st4 is '(1)' then use screen_41; ac=3

if st4 is '(2)' then use screen_41c; ac=3

if st4 is '(3)' then use screen_gangsize4; ac=3

if st4 is '(5)' then use screen_ac;

if st4 is '(6)' then use screen_oub; ac=3

if st4 is '(7)' then ac=3;run st_return()

if ac =1 then use screen ov

A13-29

Page 153: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if ac=2 thenuse screen_gangsize4;use screen_lab

if st4 is ' (4) ' then ac=3

run b5(ib6,ib7,ib8, ib9, iblO, ibll, ib!2, ib!3, ib!4, ib!5, ib!6, ib!7, ib!8, ib!9, ib20, ib21, ibloc, ib22, ib23, ib24, ib25)

run b26 (ib27, ib28, ib29, ib30, ib31, ib32, ib33, ib34, ib35, ib36, ib37, ib38, ib21, ibloc, ib39, ib40, ib41, ib42)

run b43 (ib44, ib45, ib46, ib47, ib48, ib49, ib50, ib51, ib52, ib53, ib54, ib55, ib56, ib57,ib58, ib59, ib60, ib61, ib62, ib63, ib64, ib65, ib66, ib67, ib68, ib69, ib70, ib21, ib71, ib72, ib73, ib74)

run b75(ib76, ib77, ib78, ib79, ib80,ib81, ib82, ib83, ib84, ib85, ib86, ib87, ib88, ib89, ib90, ib91, ib92, ib93, ib94, ib95, ib96, ib97, ib98,ib99,iblOO,ibl01,ibl02,ibl03, ib!04, iblOS, ib21, ib!06, ibl07,ibl08,ib!09)

run bllO(iblll,ibll2,ibll3,ibll4, ibllS, ibl!6, ibl!7, ibllS., ibl!9, ib!20, ib!21, ib!22, ib!23, ib!24, ib!25, ib!26, ib!27, ibl28, ib!29, ib!30, ibloc, ib!31, ib!32, ib!33, ib!34)

run bl35(ibl36,ibl37,ibl38,ibl39, ib!40, ib!41, ib!42, ib!43, ibl44,ibl45,ibl46,ibl47,ibl48,ibl49,ibl50,ibl51,ibl52,ibfl36, ibfl37,ibfl44,ibfl46,ibfl47,ibfl50, ibric, ib!53, ib!54, ib!55, ib!56)

if ib!31 >=0 thenib!57=ib22+ib39+ib71;ibl58=ibl57+ib!31

if ib!59=0 then ib!60=0; ib!61=0; ib!62=0

if ib!59m=0 then ib!61m=0

if ib!59>0 theninb3160=nb3*ib!59;ibl60=ib!58/inb3160;ibl61=ib!60/8;ibl65=ib24+ib41+ib73;ibl66=ibl65+ibl08+ib!33;ibl62=ib!66/inb3160

if ac=l and ib!59>0 thenwhl=whll*whbl/100-0.4*whll;ibl61m=ibl58/ibl59/8/nb3*40/whbl+whl

if ac =2 thenA13-30

Page 154: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ffml=ibl58/ibl59ra/8/nb3;run Aa(ibl59m,ib!59,ffml,glf1,gill,iblGlm,ral

if ib!67=0 then ib!68=0; ib!69=0; ib!70=0

if ibl67m=0 then ib!69m=0

if ib!67>0 theninb3168=nb3*ib!67;ibl68=ib!53/inb3168;ibl69=ib!54/inb3168;ibl70=ib!55/inb3168

if ac=l and ib!67>0 then wh2=whlr*whbr/100-0.4*whlr; ibl69m=ibl53/ib!67/8/nb3*40/whbr+wh2

if ac=2 thenffm2=ibl53/ibl67m/8/nb3;run Aa(ibl67m,ib!67,ffm2,glfr, girl,ib!69m,ra21

if ibl60<ib!68 then ibl71=ib!68; ib!72=ib!69; ibl73=ib!70

if ibl60>=ib!68 then ibl71=ib!60; ibl72=ib!61; ib!73=ib!62

if ibl61m>ibl69m then ib!73m=ibl61m

if ib!61m<=ibl69m then ibl73m=ibl69m

if ib!71 > 9999.9 then ib!71=9999.9

if ib!60> 9999.9 then ib!60=9999.9

if ib!61> 9999.9 then ib!61=9999.9

if ib!62> 9999.9 then ib!62=9999.9

if ib!68> 9999.9 then ib!68=9999.9

if ib!69> 9999.9 then

A13-31

Page 155: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ib!69=9999.9

if ib!70> 9999.9 then ib!70=9999.9

if ib!61m> 9999.9 then ib!61m=9999.9

if ib!69m> 9999.9 then ib!69m=9999.9

if ib!72> 99999.9 then ib!72=99999.9

if ib!73m> 99999.9 thenib!73m=99999.9runb!74 (ib6,ib7,ib8,ib9,iblO,ibll,ibl2,ibl3,ibl4, ib!5, ib27,ib28, ib29, ib30, ib31, ib32, ib33, ib34, ib44, ib45, ib46, ib47, ib48,ib49, ibSO, ib51, ib52, ib53, ib!75, ib!76, ib!77, ib!78, ib!79, iblSO,ibl81,ibl82,ibl83,ibl84,ibl85,ib!86,ibl87, ib!88, ib!89, nb3,ib!90)

run b!74 (ib54, ib55, ib56, ib57, ib58, ib59, ib60, ib61, ib76, ib77, ib78,ib79,ib80,ib81,ib82, ib83, ib84, ib85, ib86, ib87, ib88, ib89,ib90,ib91,ib92,ib93, ib94,ib95,ibl91,ibl92, ib!93, ib!94, ib!95, ib!96, ib!97, ib!98, ib!99, ib200, ib201, ib202, ib203, ib204, ib!89, nb3,ib205)

run b206(ibl36,ibl37,ibl38,ib!39, ib!40, ib!41, ib!42, ib!43, ib!44, ib!45, ib207, ib208, ib209, ib210, ib211, ib212, ib!52, ibf 136, ibf207, ibf 144, ibf 211, ibf 137, ibf 209, ib213)

run b214(ib!90,ib205,ib215)

run b216(ib215,ib25,ib42,ib74,ibl09,ib!34,nb3, ac,whl,ib!59m, ibl59,glfl,glll,ib217,ib217m)

run b218(ib213,ib!56,nb3,ac,wh2,ib!67m,ib!67, glfr, girl, ib219, ib219m)

run bcctot(ib217,ib219,ibctot)

run bcctot(ib217m,ib219m,ibctotm)

run con_bbo(ib6,ib7,ib8,ib9,iblO,ibll,ib!2, ib!3, ib!4, ib!5, ib27, ib28,ib29,ib30,ib31,ib32,ib33,ib34,ib44,ib45,ib46,ib47, ib48, ib49,ib50,ib51, ib52,ib53,ib54,ib55,ib56,ib57,ib58,ib59 ,ib60, ib61, ib76, ib77,ib78,ib79,ib80,ib81,ib82, ib83, ib84, ib85,ib86,ib87,ib88,ib89,ib90,ib91,ib92,ib93,ib94,ib95,iblll, ibl12,ibl13,ibll4,ibl15,ibll6,ibl!7,ibl!8,ibl!9,ib!20, ib!36, ib!37, ibl38,ibl39,ibl40,ibl41,ibl42,ibl43,ibl44,ibl45,ibl59, ibl67, ibbof)

run cost_bb(ib!6,ib!7,ib!8,ib!9,ib20, ib21, ib35, ib36, ib37, ib38,ib62,ib63,ib64,ib65,ib66,ib67,ib68,ib69,ib70,ib96, ib97, ib98, ib99,iblOO,ibl01,ibl02,ibl03,ibl04,ibl05, ib!21, ib!22, ib!23, ibl24,ibl25,ibl26,ibl27,ibl28,ibl29,ibl30,ib!46,ibl47,

A13-32

Page 156: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ib!48, ibl49,ib!50, iblSl, ib!52, ib!75, ib!76, ib!77, ib!78, ib!79, iblSO, iblSl, ib!82, ib!83, ib!84, ib!85, ib!86, ib!87, ibl88,ibl89,ibl91,ibl92,ibl93,ibl94,ibl95,ibl96,ibl97, ib!98, ib!99, ib200, ib201, ib202, ib203, ib204, ib207, ib208, ib209, ib210,

1, ib212,icbbof)

run btt (ibl60, ib!68, ibl61, ib!69, ib!62, ib!70, ibhrt, ibwet)

run co_opt (ibctot, ib!72, ibctotm, ib!73m, ib!59m, ibl67m, ib217, ib219,ibl61, ib!69, ib217m, ib219m, ibl61m, ib!69m, ibloc, ibric, whbr, whbl, whir, whll, glfr, glfl, girl, gill, ibctoot)

run conbbof (ibfl36, ibf!37, ibf!44, ibf207, ibf!46, ibf211, ibflSO, ibf209, ibf!47, imur)

run grabb(ib!62, ib!70, grabbbi)

run dummy 2 (newi22)

if st4 is ' (1) ' or st4 is ' (2) ' or st4 is ' (3) ' then run bbloc return ()

if st4 is ' (5)' then use screen_optbb; run bbloc_return()

if st4 is '(4)' then use screen_fina!4; run bbloc_return()

run dummy2(new_project)

run nstore2(new_project,new2)

run bb escape()

^FINISHES'

seek finis

run fin2 (fit)

use screen_fl

run fin(fii2,fiw2,fif2,fic2,fie2,fiil / fiwl / fifl, ficl, fiel, fii2m,fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, fiilm, fiwlm, fiflm, ficlm, fielm, fif)

run st_return

run fin_esc()

A13-33

Page 157: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

'SERVICES'

seek servs

run fin2(ser)

use screen_fl

run fin (se!2,sem2,see2, sell, semi, seel, se!2m, sem2m, see2m, sellm,semlm, seelm,ser)

run st_return()

run fin esc()

X ROOF ASPHALT'

seek roofa

run ra2(raa)

use screen_rl

use screen_ac

if ac =1 thenglfr=0;glrl=0;use screen_ov

if ac=2 thenwhbr=0;whlr=0;use screen_lab

run cot(laql,Iaq2,Iaq3,ulcl,ulc2,ulc3,umcl,umc2,umc3,gs,rnor, ac,whbr, whir,glfr,girl,gsm,costra,durra,costram,durram)

if durra>=0 then dayra=durra/8; weekra=dayra/5

if durra>=999999.9 then durra=999999.9

if dayra>=999999.9 then dayra=999999.9

if weekra>=999999.9 then weekra=999999.9

if costra>=999999.9 then costra=999999.9

if durram>=0 thenA1 3-34

Page 158: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

dayram=durram/8; weekram=dayram/5

if durram>=999999.9 then durram=999999.9

if dayram>=999999.9 then dayram=999999.9

if weekram>=999999.9 then weekram=999999.9

if costram>=999999.9 then costram=999999.9

use screen_finalra

run ra(costra,dayra,costram,dayram,weekra, durra, laql, Iaq2, Iaq3,ulcl, ulc2, ulc3, umcl, umc2, umc3, gs, rnor, gsm, whbr, whir, glfr,glrl, raa)

run ragr(weekra,ragrf) run ra escape()

'INDIRECT COSTS'

seek ic

run coo2(iic)

use screen_ic

run co(icl,ic2,ic3,ic4,ic5,ic6,ic7,ic8, ic9, ice)

run coo(ice,icl,ic2,ic3,ic4,ic5,ic6,ic7,ic8, ic9, iic)

run st_return()

run es_c()

LAG VALUES'

seek main_lag

run Iag_mains2(lagmain)

run Iag_mains2m(lagmainm)

use screen_d

use screen_exc_lap

use screen_ty__lap

A13-35

Page 159: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

run num3a(noo3)

run coo2(iic)

if lt_lr >=0 orlr_lb>=0 orlr_lbl>=0 orlag_sifo>=0 orfl_f2>=0 orf2_f3>=0 orlag_laro>=0 orIag_cw2>=0 orlag_cwl>=0 orlag_sbl>=0 orIag_sb2>=0 orlag_scl>=0 orlb_lt>=0 orlt_lc>=0 orlag_sbsl>=0 orb!73m>=0 ortf381>0 ordayra>=0 orlr_lbl>=0 orlag_fogr>=0 orlag_grfir>=0 orlag_ra>=0 orlag_cwsbl>=0 orno3>=0 thenrun durl(lt_lr,lr_lb,lr_lbl,lag_sifo, fl_f2 / f2_f3, lag_fogr,lag_grfir,lag_cwsbl,Iag_cw2,lag_cwl,lag_sbl, Iag_sb2, lag_ra/dayra, no3, dayl)

if lt_lrm >=0 or lr_lbm>=0 or lr_lblm>=0 or lag_sifom>=0 or fl_f2m>=0 or f2_f3m>=0 or lag_larom>=0 or lag_sclm>=0 or lb_ltm>=0 or lt_lcm>=0 or lag_sbslm>=0 or lr_lblm>=0 or lag_fogrm>=0 or lag_grfirm>=0 or lag_ram>=0 or lag_cwsblm>=0 or Iag_sc2m >=0 then emel=0

if sdat>=0 or walldaym >=0 or lag_cwsbl>=0 or wallday >=0 or slabday>=0 or stairday>=0 or

A13-37

Page 160: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

run num3a(noo3)

run coo2(iic)

if lt_lr >=0 orlr_lb>=0 orlr_lbl>=0 orlag_sifo>=0 orfl_f2>=0 orf2_f3>=0 orlag_laro>=0 orIag_cw2>=0 orlag_cwl>=0 orlag_sbl>=0 orIag_sb2>=0 orlag_scl>=0 orlb_lt>=0 orlt_lc>=0 orlag_sbsl>=0 orb!73m>=0 ortf381>0 ordayra>=0 orlr_lbl>=0 orlag_fogr>=0 orlag_grfir>=0 orlag_ra>=0 orlag_cwsbl>=0 orno3>=0 thenrun durl(lt_lr,lr_lb,lr_lbl,lag_sifo, fl_f2, f2_f3, lag_fogr,lag_grfir, lag_cwsbl,Iag_cw2, lag_cwl,lag_sbl, Iag_sb2, lag_ra,dayra, no3, dayl)

if lt_lrm >=0 or lr_lbm>=0 or lr_lblm>=0 or lag_sifom>=0 or fl_f2m>=0 or f2_f3m>=0 or lag_larom>=0 or lag_sclm>=0 or lb_ltm>=0 or lt_lcm>=0 or lag_sbslm>=0 or lr_lblm>=0 or lag_fogrm>=0 or lag_grfirm>=0 or lag_ram>=0 or lag_cwsblm>=0 or Iag_sc2m >=0 then emel=0

if sdat>=0 or walldaym >=0 or lag_cwsbl>=0 or wallday >=0 or slabday>=0 or stairday>=0 or

A13-37

Page 161: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

laflm>=0 orlacem>=0 orlaexm>=0 orlalim>=0 orlamem>=0 orlaelm>=0 orfii2m>=0 orfiw2m>=0 orfif2m>=0 orfic2m>=0 orfie2m>=0 orse!2m>=0 orsem2m>=0 orsee2m>=0 thenrun dur3(lt_lrm, lr_lbm, lr_lblm, lag_sifom, fl_f2m, f2_f3m,lag_fogrm, lag_grfirm,lag_cwsblm,lag_nfbbm, nofm, lainm, lawam,laf1m, lacem,laexm,lalim,lamem,laelm,fii2m,fiw2m,fif2m,fic2m,fie2m, se!2m,sem2m,see2m, Iag_cw2m,lag_cwlm,lag_sblm,Iag_sb2m,day3m, dim, d2m, d3m, d4m, d5m, d6m, d7m, d8m)

run tot_dur(dayl,day2,day3,daylm,day2m,day3m,day,daym)

if fiil>=0 orfiwl>=0 orfifl>=0 orficl>=0 orfiel>=0 orsell>=0 orseml>=0 orseel>=0 orsitotc>=0 orcofotot>=0 orcostra>=0 orfltcos>=0 oribctot>=0 orbctot>=0 thenrun tot_cost(fiil,fiwl,fifl,ficl,fiel,sell,semi,seel, sitotc,cofotot,costra,no3,fltcos,ibctot,bctot,dir)

if fiilm>=0 or fiwlm>=0 or fiflm>=0 or ficlm>=0 or fielm>=0 or sellm>=0 or semlm>=0 or seelm>=0 or sitotcm>=0 or cofototm>=0 or costram>=0 or fltcosm>=0 or ibctotm>=0 or bctotm>=0 then

run tot_cost(fiilm,fiwlm,fif1m,ficlm,fielm,sellm,semlm, seelm, sitotcm7 cofototm,costram,no3,fItcosm,ibctotm,bctotm,dirm) .

A13-39

Page 162: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if icc>=0 thenrun ind_tot(ice,day,daym,dir,dirm,iccm, tot, totm)

use screen_tot

run co_opt (day,daym,dir,dirm,ice,iccm,tot,totm,dayl, day2, day3, daylm, day2m,day3m,dl,d2,d3,d4,d5,d6,d7,d8,dim,d2m, d3m, d4m, d5m, d6m, d7m,d8m, tott)

run tot es

A13-40

Page 163: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

DECLARE SUB plp!2g (gxxe(), gxxl!(), gyye!(), gyyl!(),gzze!() , gzzl!{), i!, a!)DECLARE SUB p2p22 (gxxeeO, gxxeei!(), nof!, nof 1!, page!,qxxe!(), qxx!(), qyye! () , qyy! 0 , qzze!(), qzz!(), i!, a!)DECLARE SUB plplO (glxxe, glxxl!, glyye!, glyyl!, glzze!,glzzl!, gltte!, glttl!, gluue!, gluul!, g22b!, g22bl!,g2xxe!, g2xxl!, g2yye!, g2yyl!, g2zze!, g2zzl!, gyye!(),gyyl! () , gxxe! () , gxxl! () )DECLARE SUB plplOe (xxe, xx!, yye!, YY!, zze!, zz!, tte!,tt!, uue!, uu!, xxxe2!, xxx2!/ xxe2!, xx2!, yye2!, yy2!,zze2!, zz2!, qyye!(), qyyl!(), qxxe!(), qxx!())DECLARE SUB ngigi (finl, FIN2!, fin3!, fin4!, finS!, fin6!,fin7!, finS!, fin9!, finlO!, serl!, ser2!, ser3!, ser4!,ser5!, ser6!, afinl!(), afin2!(), afin3!(), afin4!(),afin5!(), afin6!(), afin7!(), afin8!(), afin9!(), afinlO!(),aserl! () , aser2!(), aser3!(), aser4!(), aser5!(), aser6!(),t!, jfl!, jf3!, jf5!, jf7!, jf9!, jsl!, js3!, js5!, gig!,nofloor!)DECLARE SUB keyin (MINKEYO/ MAXKEY!(), EXTMINKEY!(),EXTMAXKEY!(), SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON!(),CALLER!, XFLD!, YFLD!, LNGTH!, TRUE!, FALSE!, c$)DECLARE SUB sf (afinl(), afin2!(), afin3!(), afin4!(),afin5!(), afin6!(), afin7!(), afin8!(), afin9!(), afinlO!(),aserl!(), aser2!(), aser3!(), aser4!(), aser5!(), aser6!(),i!)DECLARE SUB sff (gxxeeO, gxxle!(), finl!, FIN2!, fin3!,fin4!, finS!, fin6!, fin7!, finS!, fin9!, finlO!, serl!,ser2!, aser3!, aser4!, aserS!, aser6!)DECLARE SUB gigi (finl, FIN2!, fin3!, fin4!, finS!, fin6!,fin7!, finS!, fin9!, finlO!, serl!, ser2!, ser3!, ser4!,ser5!, ser6!, afinl!(), afin2!(), afin3!(), afin4!(),afin5!(), afin6!(), afin7!(), afin8!(), afin9!(), afin!0!(),aserl!(), aser2!(), aser3!(), aser4!(), aser5!(), aser6!(),t!, jfl!, jf3!, jf5!, jf7!, jf9!, jsl!, js3!, js5!, gig!)DECLARE SUB AL (c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig!, gxxee!(),gxxle!(), finl!, fin3!, finS!, fin7!, fin9!, serl!, ser3!,ser5!, axee!(), axx!(), afinl!(), afin2!(), afin3!(),afin4!(), afin5!(), afin6!(), afin7!(), afin8!(), afin9!(),afinlO!(), aserl!(), aser2!(), aser3!(), aser4!(), aser5!(),aser6!(), uyu!, tete!, t!, gigl!, ece!, dede!, yeni!,gxxeei!(), gxxlei!(), axeeilO, axxi!(), tetel!, muratl!,uyul!, nofl!, murat!, kesin!, yesin!)DECLARE SUB plpll (gxxeeO, gxxeei!(), nof!, nofl!, gxxe! () ,gxxl!(), gyye!(), gyyl!(), gzze!(), gzzl!(), hj !)DECLARE SUB plp!2 (gxxeeO, gxxeei!(), page!, nof!, nofl!,qxxe!(), qxx!(), qyye ! () , qyy!(), qzze!(), qzz!(), h j 1! )DECLARE SUB p2pll (gxxeeO, gxxeei! () , page!, nofl!, nof!,qxxe!(), qxx!(), qyye! () , qyy!(), qzze!(), qzz!(), hj2!)DECLARE SUB plp2 (gxxe(), gxxl!(), gyye!(), gyyl! 0, gzze!(),gzzl!(), hjl!)DECLARE SUB plp2g (gxxeO, gxxl! () , gyye ! () , gyyl! 0 ,gzze!(), gzzl!(), i!, a!)DECLARE SUB p2p 12 (qxxeO, qxx! (} , qyye! () , qyy!(), qzze!(),qzz!(), i!, a!)DECLARE SUB col (gxxeeO, gxxle!(), finl!, fin3!, finS!,fin7!, fin9!, serl!, ser3!, ser5!)DECLARE SUB coll (gxxeei(), c$, page!, finl!, fin3!, finS!,fin7!, fin9!, serl!, ser3!, ser5!, gxxee!0)

A14-1

Page 164: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

pope = 1 op = 0 oh = 0 cc = 0

OPEN "graphl.dat" FOR INPUT AS #1INPUT #1, glwl, glw2, glw3, glw4, glw5, glw6OPEN "nooo.dat" FOR INPUT AS #2INPUT #2, nofloorOPEN "lagmaind.dat" FOR INPUT AS #3INPUT #3, glf!2, glf23, glf34, glf45, g2f!2, g2f23, lagl/Iag2, Iag3, g3111, g3112, g3112, g3111, g3121, g3122, g3131,g3132, Iag4, Iag5, lagi, nof, nofl, lagn, lagra, lain, lawa,lafl, lace, laex, lali, lame, laelOPEN "graph2.dat" FOR INPUT AS §4INPUT #4, g2wl, g2w2, g2w3, duml, dum2, g2wllOPEN "graph3.dat" FOR INPUT AS #5INPUT #5, g3fl, g3rl, g3cl, g3f2, g3r2, g3c2, g3f3, g3r3,g3c3OPEN "graph4.dat" FOR INPUT AS #6INPUT #6, g4wl, g4w2OPEN "graphi4.dat" FOR INPUT AS #8INPUT #8, g4wil, g4wi2OPEN "graphra.dat" FOR INPUT AS #9INPUT #9, graOPEN "du.dat" FOR INPUT AS #10INPUT #10, dul, du2, yl, y2OPEN "graphfi.dat" FOR INPUT AS #11INPUT #11, ifi, wfi, ffi, cfi, efiOPEN "graphs.dat" FOR INPUT AS #12INPUT #12, lise, mese, eleseOPEN "bar.dat" FOR INPUT AS #13INPUT #13, bar

YY = nofloor / 2 ww = INT(YY) gig = nof + 2 gigl = nofl + 2

IF yl = 1 AND y2 = 2 THENyi = dulye = du2ELSEIF y2 = 1 AND yl = 2 THENyi = du2ye = dulELSEIF y2 = 1 AND yl = 1 THENyi = du2 + dulELSEIF y2 = 2 AND yl = 2 THENye = du2 + dulEND IF

gla = (glwl + glw2) * 40gib = (glw3) * 40glc = (glw4 + glw5 + glw6) * 40

g2a = g2wl * 40 g2b = g2w2 * 40

A14-2

Page 165: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CO

M

H*

M M

M

C

C ft ft

N

NC

C

rt

rt

N

NM

fl>

M

(T

) M

(0

II II

II II

II II

c;

C rt

rt

N

NC

C

rt

rt

N

N(D

(D

(D

I I

I

iQ 0)

£

P-

vQ

U^

I—' i

Q

»—* \

Q3

M 3

M

p-

n

P- D

"iQvQ

kQ

^M

lQM

lQM

lQtr

lvD

lO

vQ

lQkQ

M M

t—

' M

23

H

- ' t"

1 M

f*1

M

O

M

1—

'MM

Mk<

XX

t^O

3w

3

3?03

- _ - -

~- • _

- - _ -

K;

X

X

H

P-

M P

-iQ

P

- H

- .£>

. 00

W

M

(D

M

(!)

M.

|3

3

M

H-

P

— -

^ -

~ -

^"d

3

II H-

II II

II II

II P

- II

II II

II II

^Q

IItQ

iQI

*£}

vQ

AM

H*

iQ

iQ

iQ

iQh-

» h-

* kQ

h-

> H-

» ||

3

O

h-iM

H*l-'

i_^»

V

1 _

t a

1— »

1-1

/—

* -—

*-

K1

1—

^^s

« >"

• "

••"""•

£3

r^

<

3

V— i

( f

l>l

^v«

K

X

3

P-

P-o

!3O

C

rtN

^(D

P

- * —

* 3

P-

+

|T{

|iQ

W

I — *

v£3

*^|

\Q3

M

MP

- 0)

-3

P- • — •

iQ ^

Q U

D iQ

M M

M

M

C rt

N "

•<

II II

II II

, _ ^

^ ^ _

iQ

iQ

iQ

IQ

MM

M

M

H

iH

i H

i H

i M

M M

M

N

)K

> N

J K

>*

+

+

+CO

^Q ^

Q

iQM

M

M

Hi

Hi

Hi

K)

I-O

N)

CO

CO

CO

+

+ "*

kQ

iQM

M

CO

Hi

Hi

CO

CO

+ "

*tQ M

CO

Hi ,f^ Ln u- 00

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

-M

)(-

Q>

Q)Q

)Q

)Q

)Q

)Q

)p

)p

)p

)p

)(i)

ft)

if

(03

1 — '

fO

O

Hi

5!

P"

^Q

iffr

tf^

if^

) — ' if^

if M

fDP

-X(D

MC

Ut3

M!3

CnC

n

{Dl\>

jf fu

P

p

- cn

vQ

l\)

x- II

II II

II II

II II

II 01

^

x- II

II II

•£>

II*

MM

MM

MM

MM

llif

p)f

t)(l)(

l)0)(

l)(l>

PJ

1 — '

1 — '

1 — '

|| O

CO

CD

3

t — '

CD

O

Hi

£

P"

1 — '

ft)

ft)

PI1 —

t j —

* fP

p*

X

fD

1 — '

&)

3

ft)

tf^ i

f^ if]

| — •

H

iQ

[3

P-

Cn

0)

C/3

CO

CO

CO

CO

CO

CO

CO

CO

M

f oo

co

co

f1-3

CO

COa ZJ

I-H

•U

1— '

* O

* c

>f

M*

(DIf *-

U

f O

>f

MIf if

*Oif

C!if

rt p- rt M p- 0) rt tr

| — i

| _ t

| — *

iO

if^

if^

if^

(D

(U

(i)

h<

h<

l\)

K)

lQ

iQ

iQ

(U

(11

PJ

OCO

N

) M

01

W

M

CO

N>

M

M

IIII

IIII

II II

II iQ

iQ

kQ

NJ

MM

M

iQ

h(

K)

Si

fu

(i>

CD

h{

pj

s|

coiQ

iQ

iQ

flJ

M

CO M

M

W

if

M f

>f

if

if

.t.

Jf

J=>

O

0CO

CO

CO

ifc O

Page 166: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

i*********** FOUNDATIONS********* ********* g22b = glzze + lagnn g22bl = g22b + g2al

g2xxe = g22b + lagll g2xxl = g2xxe + g2a

g2yye = g2xxe + g2f!2 * 8IF g2yye > g2xxl THENg2yye = g2xxlEND IFg2yyl = g2yye + g2b

g2zze = g2yye + 8 * g2f23IF g2zze > g2yyl THENg2zze = g2yylEND IFg2zzl = g2zze + g2c

i********************* *GROUND FLOOR** ******************DIMgxxe(50), gxxl(50), gyye(50), gyyl(50), gzze(50),gzzl(50), gxxee(SO), gxxle(50)DIMaxee(50), axx(50), qxxe(50), qxx(50), qyye(50), qyy(50),qzze(50), qzz(50), axeei(50), axxi(50), gxxeei(SO),gxxlei(50)DIMqxxl(50), qyyl(50), qzzl(50), afinl(50), afin2(50),afin3(50), afin4(50), afin5(50), afin6(50), afin7(50),afin8(50), afin9(50), afinlO(50), aserl(50), aser2(50),aser3(50), aser4(50), aser5(50), aser6(50), z%(50)

'ground slab'g2tte = 0gyye(44) = g2zze + Iag22 + Iag33IF gyye(44) > g2zzl THENgyye(44) = g2zzlEND IF

gyyl(44) = gyye(44) + 40 * (g3c2) + 40 / 5 * (g3121 + g3122) gxxe(4) = gyye(44) + g3111 * 40 / 5gxxl(4) = gxxe(4) + 40 * (g3cl) + 40 / 5 * (g3111 + g3112) gyye(4) = gxxe(4) + g3111 * 40 / 5

gyyl(4) = gyye(4) + 40 * (g3c2) + 40 / 5 * (g3121 + g3122)gzzl{4) = gyye(4) + g3112 * 40 / 5gzze(4) = gzzl(4) + 40 * (g3c3) + 40 / 5 * (g3131 + g3132)

IF nof = 1 THENgxxee(4) = gxxe(4) + Iag55IF ye > (g4wl + g4w2) THENgxxle(4) = gxxee(4) + 40 * yeELSEgxxle(4) = gxxee(4) + 40 * (g4wl + g4w2) * nofloorEND IF

A14-4

Page 167: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

fin6 = fin5 + 40 * ffifin? = gxxee(4) + lacefin8 = fin? + 40 * cfifin9 = gxxee(4) + laexfinlO = fin9 + 40 * efiserl = gxxee(4) -f- laliser2 = serl + 40 * liseser3 = gxxee{4) + lameser4 = ser3 + 40 * meseser5 = gxxee(4) + laelser6 = ser5 + 40 * eleseEND IFIF i = nofl + 3 THENgxxeei(4) = gzze(i) + lagSiIF yi > (g4wil + g4wi2) THENgxxlei(4) = gxxeei(4) + 40 * yiELSEgxxlei(4) = gxxeei(4) + 40 * (g4wil + g4wi2) * nofloorEND IFEND IFNEXT

,**************SCROLLING LEFT/RIGHT/UP/DOWN***************** MINKEY(3) = 0: MAXKEY(3) = 0: EXTMINKEY(3) = 0:EXTMAXKEY(3) = 0 EXTSPECIALKEY$(3) = CHR$(69) + CHR$(72) +

CHR$(75) + CHR$(80) + CHR$(77)TRUE = -1: FALSE = 0: CAPSON{3) = TRUE: CALLER = 3: SPECIALKEY$(3) = CHR$(27)

SCREEN 12 WIDTH 80, 60 page = 1 a = 1 PAGE1 = 0 t = 0 tt = 0 'new' tuf = 0

110 VIEW (0, 0)-(621, 479): CLS 1

LOCATE 2, 1PRINT , TAB(80); "weeks"COLOR 12LOCATE 5, 1PRINT , TAB(80); "SUBSTRUCTURE";COLOR 15LOCATE 9, 1COLOR 3PRINT "1";COLOR 15PRINT " Excavate"; TAB(480); " Topsoil ";LOCATE 13, 1COLOR 3PRINT "2";COLOR 15PRINT " Reduce "; TAB(480); " Level ";

A14-6

Page 168: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LOCATE 17, 1 COLOR 3 PRINT "3"; COLOR 15PRINT " Excavate / "; TAB (480); " Compact "; TAB(480);Fdns "; TAB (480);" "LOCATE 23, 1COLOR 3PRINT "4";COLOR 15PRINT " Blinding "; TAB(480); " FdnsLOCATE 27, 1COLOR 3PRINT "5";COLOR 15PRINT " Formwork "; TAB(480); " Fdns "LOCATE 31, 1COLOR 3PRINT "6";COLOR 15PRINT " Reinforcem "; TAB(480); " Fdns "LOCATE 35, 1COLOR 3PRINT "7";COLOR 15PRINT " Cone Fdn"LOCATE 39, 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "GROUND SLAB"COLOR 3LOCATE 43, 1PRINT "8";COLOR 15PRINT " Gr Fir"; TAB(480); " Frc Slab/ "; TAB(480); "Beams"COLOR 12LOCATE 49, 1PRINT "SUPERS TRUCT."COLOR 13LOCATE 51, 1PRINT , TAB(480); " GROUND TO", TAB(480); " 1st FLOOR ";COLOR 3LOCATE 55, 1PRINT "9";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Cols/", TAB(480); " Walls";

LINE (100, 8)-(100, 462)LINE (0, 30)-(620, 30)LINE (0, 8)-(621, 9), , BFLINE (140, 10)-(141, 35), , BFLINE (180, 10)-(181, 35), , BFLINE (220, 10)-(221, 35), , BFLINE (260, 10)-(261, 35), , BFLINE (300, 10)-(301, 35), , BFLINE (340, 10)-(341, 35), , BFLINE (380, 10)-(381, 35), , BFLINE (420, 10)-(421, 35), , BF

A14-7

Page 169: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LINE LINE LINE LINE LINE

(460 (500 (540 (580 (620

/ , i i i

10) 10) 10) 10) 10)

-(461 -(501 -(541 -(581 -(621

/ / i , /

35) 35) 35) 35) 35)

/ / , i i

, BF , BF , BF , BF , BF

10 IF page < 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 OR t < 0 THENGOTO 10000END IFVIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1LINE (0, 0)-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IFIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 0 THEN

11 CALL plplO(glxxe, glxxl, glyye, glyyl, glzze, glzzl, gltte, glttl, gluue, gluul, g22b, g22bl, g2xxe, g2xxl, g2yye, g2yyl, g2zze, g2zzl, gyye(), gyyl(), gxxe(), gxxlO) END IF

111 IF page = 1 THENFOR i = 1 TO 9LOCATE 3, 15 + (i - 1) * 5: PRINT i;NEXTLOCATE 3, 60: PRINT "10"LOCATE 3, 65: PRINT "11"LOCATE 3, 70: PRINT "12"LOCATE 3, 75: PRINT " 13"ELSEGOTO 123END IFCALL keyin(MINKEY(), MAXKEY(), EXTMINKEY(), EXTMAXKEY(),SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD,

YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, c$)

• *****************print screen*****************************

IF ASC(c$) = 27 THENCLOSEGOTO 10000END IFIF ASC(c$) = 75 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 + 1GOTO 889ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1IF PAGE1 < 0 OR a < 0 OR t < 0 OR page = 0 THEN

GOTO 10000ELSEIF PAGE1 = 0 THENGOTO 110ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 THEN

A14-8

Page 170: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

GOTO 888ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF PAGE1 > 2 THENGOTO 9999END IFELSEIF ASC(c$) = 77 THENt = 0tuf = 0GOTO 777ELSEGOTO 10000END IF

777 t = t + 1 page = page + 1tuf = tuf + 1

77 IF t < 0 OR page GOTO 10000 END IF

= 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 OR a > nofloor + 1 THEN

IF gyyl(44) >= 480 * t THEN qyye(44) = gyye(44) - 480 * t qyyl(44) = gyyl(44) - 480 * t ELSEIF gyyl(44) < 480 * t THEN qyye(44) = 0 qyyl(44) = 0 END IF

gig = gig + 1

IF gxxee(4) >= 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * t

jason = t + 1

DO WHILE axee(gig) >= 480 * jasonaxee(gig) = axee(gig) - 480 * jasonjason = jason + 1LOOPaxx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * t

ELSEIF gxxee(4) < 480 * t AND gxxle(4) >= 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * t axx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * t

ELSEIF gxxle(4) < 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = 0 axx(gig) = 0 END IF

CALL gigi(finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fine, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6, afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afinSO, afin9(), afinlOO, aserlO, aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), t, jfl, jf3, jf5, jf7, jf9, jsl, js3, js5, gig)

A14-9

Page 171: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

gigl = gigl + 1

IF gxxeei(4) >= 480 * t THEN axeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480

jasonl = t + 1

DO WHILE axeei(gigl) >= 480 * jasonlaxeei(gigl) = axeei(gigl) - 480 * jasonljasonl = jasonl + 1LOOPaxxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxeei(4) < 480 * t AND gxxlei(4) >=axeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * taxxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * t

480 * t THEN

ELSEIF gxxlei(4) axeei(gigl) = 0 axxi(gigl) = 0 END IF

< 480 * t THEN

VIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1LINE (0, 432)-(521, 432)LINE (0, 0)-(521, 0)LINE (0, 0)-(2, 432), , BFIF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 1 TO 521 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IF

TO 12 5 * k PRINT (t)

+ 1:THENt

t * t THEN

123 FOR k = 1LOCATE 3, 9 +NEXTLOCATE 3, 9 + 5 *IF glxxl >= 480 *xxe = glxxe - 480xx = glxxl - 480 *ELSEIF glxxl < 480xxe = 0xx = 0END IFIF glyyi >= 480 * t THENyye = glyye - 480 * tYY = glyyl - 480 * tELSEIF glyyl < 480 * t THENyye = 0YY = 0END IFIF glzzl >= 480 * t THENzze = glzze - 480 * tzz = glzzl - 480 * tELSEIF glzzl < 480 * t THENzze = 0zz = 0END IFIF glttl >= 480 * t THEN

12 + k

PRINT (t) * 12 -t- k

A14-10

Page 172: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

tte = gltte - 480 * ttt = glttl - 480 * tELSEIF glttl < 480 * t THENtte = 0tt = 0END IFIF gluul >= 480 * t THENuue = gluue - 480 * tuu = gluul - 480 * tELSEIF gluul < 480 * t THENuue = 0uu = 0END IF

IF g2xxl >= 480 * t THEN xxe2 = g2xxe - 480 * t xx2 = g2xxl - 480 * t ELSEIF g2xxl < 480 * t THEN xxe2 = 0 xx2 = 0 END IF

IF g22bl >= 480 * t THEN xxxe2 = g22b - 480 * t xxx2 = g22bl - 480 * t ELSEIF g22bl < 480 * t THEN xxxe2 = 0 xxx2 = 0 END IF

IF g2yyl >= 480 * t THEN yye2 = g2yye - 480 * t yy2 = g2yyl - 480 * t ELSEIF g2yyl < 480 * t THEN yye2 = 0 yy2 = 0 END IF

IF g2zzl >= 480 * t THEN zze2 = g2zze - 480 * t zz2 = g2zzl - 480 * t ELSEIF g2zzl < 480 * t THEN zze2 = 0 zz2 = 0 END IF

IF g2ttl >= 480 * t THEN tte2 = g2tte - 480 * t tt2 = g2ttl - 480 * t ELSEIF g2ttl < 480 * t THEN tte2 = 0 tt2 = 0 END IF

IF gxxl(4) >= 480 * t THEN qxxe(4) = gxxe(4) - 480 * t qxx(4) = gxxl(4) - 480 * t ELSEIF gxxl(4) < 480 * t THEN

A14-11

Page 173: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

qxxe(4) =0 qxx(4) =0END IF

IF gyyl(4) >= 480 * t THEN qyye(4) = gyye(4) - 480 * t qyy(4) = gyyl(4) - 480 * t ELSEIF gyyl(4) < 480 * t THEN qyye(4) = 0 qyy(4) = 0 END IF

IF gzze(4) >= 480 * t THEN qzze(4) = gzzl(4) - 480 * t qzz(4) = gzze(4) - 480 * t ELSEIF gzze(4) < 480 * t THEN qzze(4) = 0 qzz(4) = 0 END IF

FOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4 IF gxxee(4) >= 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * t

jason = t + 1

DO WHILE axee(gig) >= 480 * jason axee(gig) = axee(gig) - 480 * jason jason = jason + 1 LOOP

axx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxee(4) < 480 * t AND gxxle(4) >= 480 * t THENaxee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * taxx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxle(4) < 480 * t THENaxee(gig) = 0axx(gig) = 0END IFNEXT

CALL ngigi(finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6, afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afinSO, afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), t, jfl, jf3, jf5, jf7, jf9, jsl, js3, js5, gig, nofloor)

FOR gigl = nofl + 3 TO nofloor + 4 IF gxxeei(4) >= 480 * t THEN axeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * t

jasonl = t + 1

DO WHILE axeei(gigl) >= 480 * jasonl axeei(gigl) = axeei(gigl) - 480 * jasonl jasonl = jasonl + 1 LOOP

A14-12

Page 174: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

axxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxeei(4) < 480 * t AND gxxlei(4) >= 480 * t THENaxeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * taxxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxlei(4) < 480 * t THENaxeei(gigl) = 0axxi(gigl) = 0END IFNEXT

FOR i = 5 TO nofloor + 4IF gxxl(i) >= 480 * t THENqxxe(i) = gxxe(i) - 480 * tqxx(i) = gxxl(i) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxl(i) < 480 * t THENqxxe(i) = 0qxx (i) =0END IFIF gyyl(i) >= 480 * t THENqyye(i) = gyye(i) - 480 * tqyy(i) = gyyl(i) - 480 * tELSEIF gyyl(i) < 480 * t THENqyye(i) = 0qyy(i) = 0END IF

IF gzze(i) >= 480 * t THEN qzze(i) = gzzl(i) - 480 * t qzz(i) = gzze(i) - 480 * t ELSEIF gzze(i) < 480 * t THEN qzze(i) =0 qzz(i) = 0 END IF NEXT

VIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1LINE (0, 432)-(521, 432)LINE (0, 0)-(521, 0)LINE (0, 0)-(2, 432), , BFIF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 1 TO 521 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IF

IF page >= 2 AND PAGE1 = 0 AND a < nofloor + 1 THEN CALL plp!0e(xxe, xx, yye, YY, zze, zz, tte, tt, uue, uu, xxxe2, xxx2, xxe2, xx2, yye2, yy2, zze2, zz2, qyye{), qyyl(

qxxe (), qxx())

ELSEIF page >= 2 AND PAGE1 = 1 AND a < nofloor + 1 THENCALL p2pll (gxxee 0 / gxxeeiO, page, nofl, nof, qxxe () , qxx (

qyyeO, qyy()/ qzzeO, qzz(), hj2)ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 1 THENCALL plpll (gxxee (), gxxeeiO, nof, nofl, gxxe () , gxxl(),

gyyeU, gyyl 0 , gzze(), gzzlO, hj)A14-13

Page 175: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGEl = 2 THENCALL plp!2 (gxxeeO , gxxeeiO, page, nof, nofl, qxxe () , qxx () ,qyyeO, qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), hjl)

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGEl > 2 AND a < nofloor + 1 THEN CALL plp!2g(gxxe() , gxxl(), gyye 0 , gyyK), gzze(), gzzl(), i, a)

ELSEIF page >= 2 AND PAGEl >= 2 AND a < nofloor + 1 AND exc =1 AND yeni = 1 THENi = a + 3COLOR 5LINE (qxxe(i), 80)-(qxx(i), 85), , BFLINE (qyye(i), 110)-(qyy(i), 115), , BFCOLOR 4LINE (qyye(i), 80)-{qyye(i) + 1, 110), , BFCOLOR 15IF gral < 0 THENGOTO 445END IFIF qyye(i) = 0 THENgrae = gyye(i) + lagrasELSEgrae = qyye(i) + lagrasEND IFgral = grae + gras

IF qyye(i - 1) = 0 THEN cvont = cvont + 1 END IF

IF grasl < 0 AND ASC(c$) = 77 THENdd = dd + 1END IFIF ASC(c$) =75 THENdd = dd - 1END IF

445 COLOR 5IF RA1 < 0 AND grae = 0 AND grasl < 0 AND ASC(c$) = 77 THENLINE (0, 260)-(0, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxeeO, gxxle(),finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(),axx(), afinlO, afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afinSO, afin9(), afinlO (), aserK), aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aserS0, aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi () , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff (gxxeeO, gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,

ser6)CALL sf (afinlO, afin2(), afin3(), af in4 () , af in5 {) , afin6(),afin7(), af in8 () , af in9 0 , afinlOO, aserl () , aser2 () ,aser3 (), aser4 (), aserS0, aser6(), i)ELSEIF gral < 480 * tuf AND grasl < 0 AND dd = 1 AND grae <.0

THENLINE (0, 260)-(grae, 265), , BF

A14-14

Page 176: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee (}, gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(), axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7 () , afin8(), afin9(), afinlO(), aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeei(), gxxleiO, axeei(), axxi(), tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3{), aser4(), aserS(), aser6(), i)

ELSEIF gral < 480 * tuf AND grasl <= gras AND grae > 0 THEN

IF gral > 0 AND grasl <> gras AND grasl >= 0 AND cvont = 0 THEN

LINE (grae - 200, 260)-(gral, 265), , BFCOLOR 10LINE (grae - 200, 110)-(grae - 200 + 1, 260), , BF

CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axeeO, axx(), afinlO, afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7 () / afin8(), afin9(), afinlO(), aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aserS(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeei(), gxxleiO, axeei(), axxi(), tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6)CALL sf (afinl () , af in2 () , af in3 () , af in4 () , afin5(), af in6 () , afin7(), afin80, afin9(), afinlO(), aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4 () , aserS () , aser6(), i)

ELSEIF gral > 0 AND grasl <> gras AND grasl >= 0 AND cvont <> 0 THEN

LINE (grae - 480 * (tuf - 1), 260)-(gral - 480 * (tuf - 1), 265), , BF

COLOR 10LINE (grae - 480 * (tuf - 1), 110)-(grae + 1 - 480 *

(tuf - 1), 260), , BF

CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(), axx(), afinlO, afin2(), afin3{), afin4(), af in5 () , af in6 () , afin7 () , afin8(), afin9(), afinlO (), aserl () , aser2(), aser3(), aser4 () , aserS () , aser6 () , uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeei0/ axxi () , tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2 (), afin3(), afin40, afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), af in8 () , af in9 () , afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser30, aser4(), aserS(), aser6(), i)

A14-15

Page 177: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF gral > 0 AND grasl <> gras AND grasl < 0 THEN IF dd <= 0 THEN 'dd< new 1

LINE (0, 260)-(gral - 480, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee () , gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(), axx{), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeei(), gxxleiO/ axeeiO, axxi(), tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxle(), finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6{), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl () , aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5()/ aser6 (), i)

ELSEIF dd = 1 THEN

GRA11 = gralIF GRA11 < 480 THEN

GOTO 5555END IF

DO UNTIL GRA11 < 0 GRA11 = GRA11 - 480 LOOP

GRA11 = GRA11 + 480

5555 COLOR 5IF GRA11 < 480 * (tuf) THENIF gral < 480 * tuf AND gral > 0 THENGRA15 = 0ELSEIF gral < 0 THENGRA15 = gralEND IFEND IF

IF GRA15 < 0 AND GRA11 > 0 AND gral < 480 * tuf THENLINE (0, 260)-(0, 265), , BFELSELINE (0, 260)-(GRA11, 265), , BFEND IF

1010 COLOR 5CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxleO,finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(),axx{), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9{), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeei () , axxi(), tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,ser6)CALL sf (afinl () , afin2 0 , afin3 () , afin4 () , afin5 () , afin6 () , af in7 () , afin8 () , afin9(), afinlOO, aserl 0 , aser2 () , aser30, aser4 (), aserS(), aser6(), i)

A14-16

Page 178: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF dd > 1 THEN

LINE (0, 260)-(0, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee () , gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axeeO, axx(), afinK), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2 () , aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeei(), gxxleiO, axeei(), axxi(), tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), i)

END IF

ELSEIF gral > 0 AND grasl = gras AND dd > 0 THEN

LINE (grae, 260)-(gral, 265), , BFCOLOR 10LINE (grae, 110)-(grae + 1, 260), , BF

ELSEIF gral < 0 AND grasl < gras THEN

IF gral + 480 < 0 THEN LINE (0, 260)-{0, 265), , BF

ELSELINE (grae - 480, 260)-(gral + 480, 265), , BF COLOR 10 LINE (grae - 480, 110)-(grae - 480 + 1, 260), , BF

END IF

ELSEIF gral > 480 AND gras = grasl THENIF dd > 1 THENLINE (0, 260)-(GRA11, 265)

ELSEIF dd <= 0 THENLINE (gral, 260)-(grae, 265), , BFCOLOR 10LINE (gral, 110)-(gral + 1, 260), , BF

END IF

END IF ELSE COLOR 5 IF grasl >= gras AND qyye(i - 1) > 0 THEN

LINE (grae, 260)-(gral, 265), , BF

COLOR 10LINE (grae, 110)-(grae + 1, 260), , BF

IF gxxee(4) < 480 * (page - 1) THENA14-17

Page 179: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxle(),finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee() ,axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(),aser3(), aser40, aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi(), tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxle(), finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, serS,ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5 () , afin6(),afin7(), afin8 () , afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), i)END IFELSEIF grasl >= gras AND qyye(i - 1) = 0 THENCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxle(),finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, axee(),axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi () , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxle(), finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, serS,ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl () , aser2 O ,aser3(), aser4 {) , aser5(), aser6(), i)COLOR 5LINE (0, 260)-(gral - 480, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxle(),finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, axee(),axx(), afinlO, afin2 0 , afin3 (), afin4 () , afin5 () , afin6 () ,afin7(), afin8(), af in9 () , afinlOO, aserl (), aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aserS(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi () , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxle(), finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, serS,

ser6)CALL sf (afinlO, af in2 0 , afin3(), af in4 () , af in5 () , af in6 () ,af in7 () , af in8 () , af in9 () , afinlOO, aserl (), aser2(),aser3 () , aser4(), aserS (), aser6 () , i)

ELSEIF grasl < gras AND gral < 0 AND grae <= 0 AND dd > 1

THENgrael = graeGRAll = gralDO UNTIL grael >= 480grael = grael + 480LOOPDO UNTIL GRAll >= 480GRAll = GRAll + 480LOOP

LINE (grael, 260)-(GRAll, 260) COLOR 10

LINE (grael, 110)-(grael + 1, 260), , BF

A14-18

Page 180: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

axx(), af in7

afinl(), , afin8(

afin2

gxxle axee ( )

ece

CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(),finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, serS,

afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6( afinlOO, aserl (), aser2 () , aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl,

dede,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat,CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO,fine, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl,

af in2 () , afinSO, af in4 0 , afinSO, af in6 () , afin9(), afinlOO, aserl (), aser2 0 , aserS () , aser6 () , i)

aser3(), aser4(), aserS 0 , aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxlei(), axeeiO, axxi(), tetel,

, nofl murat kesin esin

ser6) CALL sf (afinl ( afin7(), afinS aser3(), aser4

kesin, yesin)finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, finS,

ser2, ser3, ser4, serS,

, ),

ELSEIF cvot = 0 THENLINE (0, 260)-(gral - 480, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee (), gxxleO,finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, axee(),axx(), afinl (), afin2(), afin3(), afin40/ afinSO, afin6(),afin7(), afinSO, afin9(), afinlOO, aserlO, aser2(),aser3 () , aser4(), aserS 0 , aser6 (), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeei0, gxxlei0, axeei0, axxi(}, tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff (gxxee 0, gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, finS,fin6, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, serS,ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), af in4 () , afinSO, afin6(),af in7 () , afinSO, afin9{), afinlOO, aserl () , aser2(),aser3 () , aser40, aserS () , aser6 () , i)

ELSEIF cvot <> 0 THENLINE (0, 260)-(grae, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee (),finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5,axx(), afinl (), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(),af in7 0 , afinSO, af in9 () , afinlOaser3 () , aser4 ( ) , aser5(), aser6 () , uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeei (), gxxlei 0 , axeei (), axxi 0 , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff (gxxee 0, gxxleO, finl,

gxxleO, axee(),

afin4(), afinSO, af in6 O, aserl (), aser2(),

FIN2, fin3, fin4, finS,

afin3(), afin4(), afinSO, af in6 () , afinlOO, aserl (), aser2(), aser6 () , i)

fin6, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, serS,ser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(),af in7 0 , afinSO, afin9()aser3(), aser4 0 , aserS 0END IFEND IFIF gral < 0 THENGOTO 4451END IF

grae = qyye(i) + lagras gral = grae + gras

4451 COLOR 5IF gral < 0 AND grae >= 0 AND ASC(c$)

A14-19

= 77 THEN

Page 181: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LINE (0, 260)-(0, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxleO,finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(),axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afinSO, afin9(), afinlOO, aserK), aser2 () ,aser3 () / aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi () , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, aser3, aser4,aserS, aser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8 () , afin9(), afinlOO, aserl (), aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), i)

ELSEIF gral < 0 AND grae < 0 THENLINE (grae, 260)-(gral + 480, 265), , BF

COLOR 10LINE (grae, 110)-(grae + 1, 260), , BF

CALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee () , gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(), axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeei()/ axxi(), tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, aser3, aser4, aserS, aser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9 (), afinlOO, aserl ()/ aser2()/ aser3(), aser4(), aserS(), aser6(), i)

ELSEIF grae < 0 AND gral > 480 THENLINE (0, 260)-(gral, 265), , BFCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee (), gxxleO,finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee (),axx () , afinl () , afin2 0 , afin3 0 , afin4 () , afin5 () , afin6 () ,afin7(), af in8 0 , af in9 () , afinlOO, aserl () , aser2 () ,aser3 () , aser4(), aserS () , aser6 () , uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeei 0 , axxi 0 , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, finS,fin6, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, aserS, aser4,aserS, aser6)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),af in7 () , af in8 () , afin9(), afinlOO, aserl (), aser2 () ,aserS () , aser4 () , aserS () , aser6(), i)

ELSEIF grae > 0 AND gral > 0 AND vv <> 1 THEN

CALL sf(afinl(), afin20, afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6 (), af in7 () , af in8 () , af in9 0 , afinlOO, aserl (), aser2 () , aser3(), aser40, aserS0, aser6 (), i)CALLAL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee 0 , gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee0,

A14-20

Page 182: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(}, afin5(), afin6()/ afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl/ ece, dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeei(), axxi () , tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) vv = 1 END IF COLOR 15

8989 ELSEIF page >= 2 AND PAGE1 >= 2 AND a < nofloor + 1 THENIF dede = 1 THENCALL p2p22 (gxxee () , gxxeei(), nof, nofl, page, qxxeO, qxx(),qyye(), qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), i, a)ELSECALL p2p22(gxxee(), gxxeei{), nof, nofl, page, qxxe(), qxx(),qyyeO, qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), i, a)

IF a = nofloor AND nofloor / 2 <> ww THENLINE (0, 410)-(0, 415), , BFELSECOLOR 5LINE (qzze(i + 2), 410)-(qzz(i + 2), 415), , BFCOLOR 15END IFEND IFEND IF

222 CALL keyin(MINKEY(), MAXKEY(), EXTMINKEY(), EXTMAXKEY(),SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$() , CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD,YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, c$)IF ASC(C$) = 27 THENCLOSEGOTO 10000END IFIF ASC(c$) = 75 THEN

t = t - 1page = page - 1oh = oh + 1kesin = kesin + 1IF PAGE1 >= nofloor - 4 THENtuf = tuf - 1gral = gral + 480grasl = grasl + 480IF gral < 480 * tuf THENgral = gral + 480END IFEND IF

IF yeni <> 1 AND yenil <> 1 THEN yeni = 0 END IF

IF page = 0 OR t < 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 THEN

GOTO 10000ELSEIF page = 1 THEN

FOR i = 1 TO 9LOCATE 3, 15 + (i - 1) * 5: PRINT i;

NEXTA14-21

Page 183: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LOCATE 3, 60: PRINT "10 "LOCATE 3, 65: PRINT "11 "LOCATE 3, 70: PRINT "12 "LOCATE 3, 75: PRINT "13

IF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 0 THEN GOTO 10

GOTO 889

GOTO 10000

GOTO 123

GOTO 889

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 1 THEN

ELSEIF page = 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 OR t < 0 THEN

ELSE

END IF

GOTO 77ELSE

END IF

ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 77 THENop = op + 1yenil = 1yesin = yesin + 1IF PAGE1 >= nofloor - 4 THENgral = gral - 480grasl = grasl - 480END IF

IF gral < 480 * tuf AND gral > 0 THENgral = gral - 480ELSEIF gral < 0 THENGRA15 = gralEND IFGOTO 777ELSEIF ASC(C$) =80 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 + 1IF PAGE1 = 1 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEcc = cc - 3GOTO 999END IF

ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENyeni = 0PAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1IF PAGE1 <OORa<OORt<0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 AND a > 0 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 AND a > 0 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF PAGE1 = 0 AND a > 0 THENGOTO 110ELSEIF a = 1 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF a = nofloor AND nofloor / 2 <> ww AND dff = 0 THEN

A14-22

Page 184: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

a = a + 4cc = cc -i- 4GOTO 9999ELSEIF a = nofloor AND nofloor / 2 <> ww AND dff = 1 THENa = acc = cc + 20GOTO 9999ELSEa = a + 1cc = cc + 1IF a = 0 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEGOTO 9999END IFEND IFELSEGOTO 10000END IF

888 IF PAGE1 = 1 THEN889 a = 1IF t < 0 THENGOTO 10000END IFVIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1COLOR 12LOCATE 5, 2PRINT , TAB(480); "SUPERSTRUCT. "COLOR 13LOCATE 8, 1PRINT , TAB(480); " "LOCATE 9, 1PRINT , TAB(480); " GROUND TO", TAB(480); " 1st FLOOR ";COLOR 15LOCATE 12, 1PRINT , TAB(480); " "LOCATE 13, 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); " 9";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Cols/ ", TAB(480); " Walls "; TAB(480); "LOCATE 17, 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); "10";COLOR 15PRINT " 1st Fir "; TAB(480); " Frc Slab/", TAB(480);" Beams "; TAB(480); "LOCATE 22, 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); "11";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Stair"; TAB(480); "COLOR 13LOCATE 25, 1

A14-23

Page 185: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

; TAB(480);" "

PRINT , TAB(480); " 1st TO", TAB(480); " 2nd FLOOR ";TAB (480); " "COLOR 15LOCATE 29, 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB (480) ; "12";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Cols/", TAB(480); " WallsLOCATE 33, 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB (480) ; "13";COLOR 15PRINT " 2nd Fir "; TAB (480); " Frc Slab/", TAB (480);" Beams "COLOR 3LOCATE 38, 1PRINT , TAB (480); "14";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Stair"; TAB(480); "COLOR 13LOCATE 41, 1PRINT , TAB(480); " 2nd TO ", TAB(480); " 3rd FLOOR ";TAB (480); "COLOR 3LOCATE 45, 1PRINT , TAB (480) ; "15";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Cols/", TAB (480); " Walls "; TAB (480); ""LOCATE 49, 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB (480) ; "16";COLOR 15PRINT " 3rd Fir "; TAB (480); " Frc Slab/", TAB (480);" Beams "; TAB (480) ; "COLOR 3LOCATE 54, 1PRINT , TAB (480) ; "17";COLOR 15PRINT " Frc Stair "; TAB(480); "

LINE (0, 0)-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IF8899 IF PAGE1 = 1 AND page = 1 THENCALL plpll (gxxee () , gxxeeiO, nof, nofl, gxxe(), gxxl(),gyyeO, gyylO, gzzeO, gzzlO, hj )

ELSEIF page >= 2 AND PAGE1 = 1 AND a < nofloor + 1 THEN CALL p2pll (gxxee () , gxxeeiO, page, nofl, nof, qxxe ( ) , qxx ( ) , qyyeO, qyy(), qzzeO, qzz(), hj2) END IF

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 2 THEN

A14-24

Page 186: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL plp!2 (gxxeeO , gxxeei(), page, nof, nofl, qyye(), qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), hjl)

qxxe(), qxx

END IF

CALL keyin(MINKEY(), MAXKEY(), EXTMINKEY(), EXTMAXKEY(), SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD, YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, c$)

IF ASC(c$) = 27 THENCLOSEGOTO 10000END IFIF page = 1 AND ASC(c$) = 75 AND t <> 0 THENGOTO 10ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 75 THENt = t - 1page = page - 1'new 1IF PAGE1 >= nofloor - 4 THENtuf = tuf - 1END IFIF page = 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 OR t < 0 THENGOTO 10000END IFGOTO 77ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 77 THENGOTO 777ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 -(• 1IF PAGE1 = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEGOTO 999END IFELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1IF PAGE1 < 0 OR a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF PAGE1 = 0 THENGOTO 110ELSEa = a - 4cc = cc - 4IF a = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEGOTO 9999END IFEND IFEND IF

A14-25

Page 187: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

999 IF a = nofloor AND ASC(c$) = 80 AND nofloor / 2 = ww THENGOTO 10000END IFIF a = nofloor + 1 AND ASC(c$) = 80 AND nofloor / 2 <> wwTHENGOTO 10000END IFIF a = nofloor AND nofloor / 2 <> ww AND ASC(c$) = 80 THENGOTO 1212END IFIF a = nofloor - 1 AND nofloor / 2 = ww AND ASC(c$) = 72 THENqqq = 1END IF

IF a = nofloor - 1 AND nofloor / 2 = ww AND ASC(c$) = 80 AND df = 1 THEN qbb = 1 END IF

IF ASC(c$) = 27 THENCLOSEGOTO 10000END IF9999 IF PAGE1 >= 3 AND ASC(c$) = 80 AND a = nofloor THENa = aELSEIF PAGE1 >= 3 AND ASC(c$) = 80 THEN

IF a = nofloor - 1 AND nofloor / 2 = ww AND qqq = 1 THEN cc = cc - 3 END IF

IF a = nofloor - 1 AND nofloor / 2 = ww AND qbb = 1 THENcc = cc - 3END IFa = a - 1cc = cc - 1ELSEIF PAGE1 >= 3 AND ASC(c$) = 72 THENa = a - 3IF nofloor / 2 <> ww THENcc = ccELSEcc = cc - 2END IFEND IFIF nofloor / 2 <> ww AND ASC(c$) = 72 THENcc = cc - 18END IF

IF a = 0 THEN GOTO 888 END IF

IF nofloor / 2 = ww AND a = nofloor - 2 THENGOTO 1222ELSEIF nofloor / 2 <> ww AND a = nofloor - 1 THENGOTO 1222 END IF

A14-26

Page 188: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

VIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1

IF a = nofloor - 1 THENa = a -i- 1cc = cc - 2GOTO 156END IFIF a = nofloor THENGOTO 156END IFIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENcc = cc + 1

ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 AND che = 1 THENcc = cc - 20ELSEcc = cc - 8END IF

LOCATE (5), 1PRINT , TAB(480); aPRINT , TAB(480); "COLOR 13LOCATE (9), 1PRINT , TAB(480); a; "th TO "; TAB(480); a + 1; "th FLOOR"LOCATE (13), 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480); " Walls "; TAB(480);LOCATE (17), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT a + 1; "th Fir",TAB(480); " Frc Slab/",TAB(480); " Beams";TAB(480); "LOCATE (22), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Stair";TAB(480); "TAB(480); "

IF a >= nofloor - 1 AND nofloor / 2 = ww THENCOLOR 13LOCATE (25), 1PRINT , TAB (480); a; "th TO "; TAB (480); " ROOFLOCATE (29), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480); " Walls";LOCATE (33), 1

A14-27

Page 189: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

"; TAB(480) Frc Slab/",

TAB(480); "ENVELOPE "

11 , TAB(480); "Walls

", TAB(480); "Walls

", TAB(480); "

cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT " RoofTAB(480); " BeamsLOCATE (38), 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "BUILDINGLOCATE (42), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT , TAB(480); "InternalLOCATE (46), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT , TAB(480); "ExternalLOCATE (50), 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "ROOFINGCOLOR 13LOCATE (53), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT , TAB(480); "Roof Asphalt", TAB(480); "a = a + 1cc = cc + 1ece = 1GOTO 156ELSEa = a + 1COLOR 13LOCATE (25), 1PRINT TAB(480); a; "th TO "; TAB(480); a + 1; "th FLOOR",TAB(480); "LOCATE (29), 1COLOR 3cc = cc + 1PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480); "TAB(480); "LOCATE (33), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT a + 1; "th Fir"; TAB(480);

Beams"; TAB(480); " LOCATE (38), 1 cc = cc + 1

Walls "; TAB(480); "

Frc Slab/", TAB(480)

11 ; TAB (480) ;

A14-28

Page 190: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Stair"; TAB(480); "END IFa = a + 1

IF a >= nofloor - 1 THENLOCATE (40), 1PRINT , TAB(480); "LOCATE (41), 7COLOR 13PRINT , TAB(480); a; "th TO "; TAB(480);LOCATE (45), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15

ROOF

Walls ";TAB(480)

Frc Slab/", "; TAB (480); "

PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480);LOCATE (49), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Roof "; TAB (480)TAB(480); " BeamsFOR G = 53 TO 57LOCATE (G), 1PRINT , TAB (480) ; " "NEXTa = a -(- 1cc = cc + 1dede = 1GOTO 156ELSELOCATE (40), 7PRINT TAB (480); "LOCATE (41), 7COLOR 13PRINT TAB(480); a; "th TO "; TAB(480); a + 1; "th FLOOR";TAB(480); "LOCATE (45), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480); "LOCATE (49), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT a + 1; "th Fir"; TAB(480)TAB(480); " Beams"; TAB(480); "LOCATE (53), 1PRINT TAB(480); "LOCATE (54), 1

A14-29

Walls TAB(480);

Frc Slab/",

Page 191: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CC = CC + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Stair"; TAB(480>; " "LOCATE (56), 1PRINT TAB(480); "END IFa = a + 1cc = cc + 1GOTO 156

IF a = nofloor THENGOTO 1222END IFLINE (0, 0)-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)GOTO 156

1222 CALL keyin(MINKEY() , MAXKEY() , EXTMINKEY() , EXTMAXKEY() , SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD, YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, c$)

• ************* *ROOF* ***************************************

1223 VIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1

IF ASC(c$) = 80 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 + 1END IFLINE (0, 0)-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IF90090 IF tt = 0 THENi = a + 3CALL p2p!2 (qxxeO , qxx(), qyye () , qyy(), qzzeO, qzz(), i, a)END IF

1212 IF nofloor / 2 <> ww THENLOCATE (5), 1PRINT , TAB(480); "LOCATE (9), 1COLOR 13PRINT , TAB(480); a - 1; "th TO "; TAB(480); " ROOFLOCATE (13), 1cc = cc - 2COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15

A14-30

Page 192: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480); " WallsLOCATE (17), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Roof "; TAB(480); " Frc Slab/",TAB(480); " Beam "; TAB(480); "LOCATE (21), 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "BUILDING ", TAB(480); "ENVELOPELOCATE (24), 1PRINT , TAB (480); " "LOCATE (25), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "InternalTAB(480); "LOCATE (28), 1PRINT , TAB(480); "LOCATE (29), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "External

TAB(480)

TAB(480) Walls

TAB(480)TAB(480); "LOCATE (32), 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "ROOFINGTAB(480); "LOCATE (36), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "RoofTAB(480); "LOCATE (39), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 12PRINT "FINISHESLOCATE (41), 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Internal "cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Wallcc = cc •(- 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15

Walls

TAB(480);

TAB(4 8 0; if

Asphalt

TAB(480);

"; TAB(480)

A14-31

Page 193: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT "Floor cc = cc + 1 COLOR 3 PRINT cc; COLOR 15 PRINT "Ceiling cc = cc + 1 COLOR 3 PRINT cc; COLOR 15 PRINT "External COLOR 12 PRINT "SERVICES cc = cc + 1 COLOR 3 PRINT cc; COLOR 15 PRINT "Lifts cc = cc + 1 COLOR 3 PRINT cc; COLOR 15 PRINT "Mechanic, cc = cc + 1 COLOR 3 PRINT cc; COLOR 15 PRINT "Electric. END IF

TAB(480); "

TAB(480); "

"; TAB(480)

TAB(480); "

TAB(480);

TAB (480);

TAB(480)

IF nofloor / 2 = ww THENLOCATE (5), 1PRINT , TAB (480); " ";LOCATE (9), 1COLOR 13PRINT , TAB (480); a + 1; "th TO "; TAB(480); " ROOFLOCATE (13), 1cc = cc + 4COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15

PRINT "Frc Cols/", TAB(480); " WallsTAB(480); "LOCATE (17), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Roof "; TAB (480),TAB(480); " BeamsLOCATE (21), 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "BRICKWORK ", TAB(480); "BLOCKWORKLOCATE (25), 1PRINT , TAB(480); "LOCATE (26), 1cc = cc + 1

Frc Slab/", '; TAB(480); "

A14-32

Page 194: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

TAB(480;

COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "InternalLOCATE (28), 1PRINT , TAB(480); "TAB(480); "LOCATE (30), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT ; "ExternalLOCATE (32), 1COLOR 12PRINT , TAB(480); "ROOFINGLOCATE (35), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "RoofLOCATE (39), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 12PRINT "FINISHESLOCATE (41), 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Internalcc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Wallcc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Floorcc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Ceilingcc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "ExternalCOLOR 12PRINT "SERVICESCC = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Lifts

Walls

TAB (480) ;

TAB(4 8 0 i Walls

TAB(480);

"; TAB(480); " Asphalt

TAB (480);

TAB(480);

11 ; TAB(4801

"; TAB(480);

" . i

"; TAB(480); "

TAB (480); "

TAB(480); "

A14-33

Page 195: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Mechanic.cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Electric.END IF

TAB(480);

TAB(480)

yeni = 1COLOR 15VIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1LINE (0, 0)-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432) -(522, 432)IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432) , , BFNEXTEND IF

gig = gig + 1

IF gxxee(4) >= 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * t

jason = t + 1

DO WHILE axee(gig) >= 480 * jason axee(gig) = axee(gig) - 480 * jason jason = jason + 1 LOOP

axx(gig) = gxxle (4) - 480 * t ELSEIF gxxee(4) < 480 * t AND gxxle (4) axee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * t axx(gig) = gxxle (4) - 480 * t ELSEIF gxxle (4) < 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = 0 axx(gig) = 0 END IF

gigl = gigl + 1

IF gxxeei(4) >= 480 * t THEN axeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * t

jasonl = t + 1

DO WHILE axeei(gigl) >= 480 * jasonl axeei(gigl) = axeei(gigl) - 480 * jasonl jasonl = jasonl + 1 LOOP

axxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxeei(4) < 480 * t AND gxxlei(4) >= 480 * t THEN

A14-34

>= 480 * t THEN

Page 196: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

axeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * t axxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * t ELSEIF gxxlei(4) < 480 * t THEN axeei(gigl) = 0 axxi(gigl) = 0 END IF

i = a -i- 2COLOR 5LINE (qxxe(i + I), 80)-(qxx(i +1), 85), , BFLINE (qyye(i + 1) , 110)-(qyy(i + 1), 115), , BFCOLOR 4IF qyye(i + 1) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0), , BFELSELINE (qyye(i + 1), 80)-(qyye(i +!)+!, 110), , BFEND IFCOLOR 15IF gral < 0 THENGOTO 4452END IFIF qyye(i) = 0 THENgrae = gyye(i) + lagrasELSEgrae = qyye(i + 1) + lagrasEND IFgral = grae + gras

4452 COLOR 5

IF gral < 0 AND grae = 0 AND ASC(c$) = 77 THEN LINE (0, 260)-(0, 265), , BF

ELSELINE (grae, 260)-(gral, 265), , BF

COLOR 10LINE (grae, 110)-(grae + 1, 260), , BF

END IF COLOR 15IF yeni = 0 THENIF i <= nof + 3 AND oh <> op THENCALL col (gxxee () , gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,

serl, ser3, ser5)CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,

ser6)

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND gig < i AND oh = 0 AND op = 0 THEN

CALL col (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,

serl, ser3, ser5)CALL sff (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,

ser6)

ELSEIF i + 1 >= nof + 3 AND gig >= i AND oh <> op THEN CALL col (gxxee () , gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,

serl, ser3, ser5)

A14-35

Page 197: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6)

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND gig > i THENCALL col(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,serl, ser3, ser5)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,ser6)END IF

IF i <= nofl + 3 AND oh <> op THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)- (gxxlei(4), 180), , BFIF gxxeei(4) > 480 THENpoi = gxxeei(4)IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze(4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 1LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND gigl < i AND oh = 0 AND op = 0 THEN LINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4) , 180), , BF

IF gxxeei (4) > 480 THENpoi = gxxeei(4)IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze (4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 1LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5

ELSEIF i + 1 >= nofl + 3 AND gigl >= i AND oh <> op THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4) , 180), , BFIF gxxeei(4) > 480 THENpoi = gxxeei (4)IF poi > gzze (4) THENpoi = gzze (4)END IF

DO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 1LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5

A14-36

Page 198: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND gigl > i THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BFIF gxxeei(4) > 480 THENpoi = gxxeei (4)IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze (4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 1LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5END IF

ELSEIF yeni = 1 THENIF t = 0 AND gxxee(4) <= 480 THENLINE (gxxe(a + 3), 80)-(gxxl(a +3), 85), , BFLINE (gyye(a + 3), 110)-(gyyl(a +' 3), 115), , BFLINE (gyye(a +3), 80)-(gyye(a + 3) + 1, 110), , BFCALL col(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,serl, ser3, ser5)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,ser6)ELSEIF t = 0 AND gxxee(4) > 480 THENLINE (0, 205)-(0, 210), , BF

ELSEIF oh = op AND t <> 0 THENCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxleO,finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(),axx(), afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser20,aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeei(), gxxlei(), axeei(), axxi (), tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6()afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserlO, aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), i)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,

ser6)

ELSEIF oh > op AND t <> 0 THENCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee () , gxxleO,finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee{) /axx(), afinl0, afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),af in7 () , afin8(), af in9 0 , afinlOO, aserl () , aser2 0 ,aser3 () , aser4 () , aserSO, aser6 0 , uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeei (), gxxlei 0 , axeeiO, axxi () , tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff (gxxee () , gxxleO, finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5,

ser6)

A14-37

Page 199: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL sf(afinlO, afin2(), afin3(), afin4 () , afin5{), afin6(), afin7 () , afin8 () , afin9(), afinlO (), aserlO, aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6 () , i)

ELSEIF oh < op THENCALL AL(c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxee(), gxxle(),finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(),axx(), afinlO, afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afinSO, afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlO (), aserlO, aser2 () ,aser3(), aser4(), aserS(), aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece,dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi(), tetel,muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin)CALL sff(gxxee(), gxxle(), finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5,fin6, fin7, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, aser3, aser4,aserS, aserS)CALL sf(afinl(), afin2(), afin3{), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(),afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlO (), aserlO, aser2(),aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), i)END IFCOLOR 5IF t = 0 AND gxxeei(4) <= 480 THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BF

IF gxxeei(4) < 480 THENpoi = gxxeei(4)IF poi < gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze(4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-{poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5

ELSEIF t = 0 AND gxxeei(4) > 480 THEN LINE (0, 175)-(0, 180), , BF

ELSEIF Oh = op AND t <> 0 THENLINE (axeei(gigl), 175)-(axxi(gigl), 180), , BF

ELSEIF oh > op AND t <> 0 THENLINE (axeei(gigl), 175)-(axxi(gigl), 180), , BF

ELSEIF oh < op THENLINE (axeei(gigl), 175)-(axxi(gigl), 180), , BFEND IFEND IFCOLOR 15

IF nofloor / 2 <> ww AND a = nofloor OR nofloor / 2 = ww AND

a = nofloor - 2 THEN

CALL keyin(MINKEY(), MAXKEY () , EXTMINKEYO, EXTMAXKEY () ,

SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD,

YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, C$) IF ASC(C$) = 27 THEN

A14-38

Page 200: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CLOSEGOTO 10000END IFIF page = 1 AND ASC(c$) =75 AND t <> 0 THENGOTO 10ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 75 THENt = t - 1page = pageexc = 1oh = oh + 1tuf = tuf - 1IF page = 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 OR t < 0 THENGOTO 10000END IFGOTO 77

ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 77 THENt = ttuf = tuf + 1che = 1gig = gig + 1

IF gxxee(4) >= 480 * t THEN axee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * t

jason = t + 1

DO WHILE axee(gig) >= 480 * jason axee(gig) = axee(gig) - 480 * jason jason = jason + 1 LOOP

axx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxee(4) < 480 * t AND gxxle(4) >= 480 * t THENaxee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * taxx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxle(4) < 480 * t THENaxee(gig) = 0axx(gig) = 0END IFgigl = gigl + 1

IF gxxeei(4) >= 480 * t THEN axeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * t

jasonl = t + 1

DO WHILE axeei(gigl) >= 480 * j axeei(gigl) = axeei(gigl) - 480 jasonl = jasonl + 1 LOOP

jasonl * jasonl

axxi(gigl) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxeei(4) < 480 * t AND gxxlei(4) >= 480 * t THEN

axeei(gig) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * taxxi(gig) = gxxlei(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxlei(4) < 480 * t THENaxeei(gigl) = 0

A14-39

Page 201: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

axxi(gigl) = 0 END IF

page = page + 1exc = 1op = op + 1IF nofloor / 2 = ww AND a = nofloor - 2 THENdf = 1END IFIF nofloor / 2 <> ww AND a = nofloor THENdff = 1END IFGOTO 777ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENGOTO 1000ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1IF a < nofloor AND nofloor / 2 <> ww THENa = a - 4cc = cc - 4ELSEIF a < nofloor AND nofloor / 2 = ww THENa = a -i- 1cc = cc - 11ELSEIF a >= nofloor AND nofloor / 2 = ww THENa = acc = ccELSEIF a >= nofloor AND nofloor / 2 <> ww THENa = acc = cc + 8END IFIF PAGE1 < 0 OR a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 OR a = 1 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF PAGE1 = 0 OR a = 1 THENGOTO 110ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 OR a = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF a > 2 THENGOTO 999END IFEND IFEND IF

FOR i = 5 TO nofloor + 4IF gxxl(i) >= 480 * t THENqxxe(i) = gxxe(i) - 480 * tqxx(i) = gxxl(i) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxl(i) < 480 * t THENqxxe(i) =0qxx(i) =0END IFIF gyyl(i) >= 480 * t THENqyye(i) = gyye(i) - 480 * tqyy(i) = gyyi(i) - 480 * tELSEIF gyyl(i) < 480 * t THEN

Al 4 -4 0

Page 202: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

qyye(i) = 0 qyy(i) = 0 END IF

IF gzze(i) >= 480 * t THEN qzze(i) = gzzl(i) - 480 * t qzz(i) = gzze(i) - 480 * t ELSEIF gzze(i) < 480 * t THEN qzze(i) = 0 qzz(i) = 0 END IF

IF i >= nof + 3 THENFOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF gxxle(4) >= 480 * t THENaxee(gig) = gxxee(4) - 480 * taxx(gig) = gxxle(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxle(4) < 480 * t THENaxee(gig) = 0axx(gig) = 0END IFNEXTEND IFCALL ngigi(finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin7, fin8,fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, sere, afinl(),afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afinSO, afin6(), afin7(),afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(),aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), t, jfl, jf3, jf5, jf7, jf9, jsl,js3, js5, gig, nofloor)IF i >= nofl + 3 THENFOR gigl = nofl + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF i(4) >= 480 * t THENaxeei(gigl) = gxxeei(4) - 480 * taxxi(gigl) = gxxle(4) - 480 * tELSEIF gxxlei(4) < 480 * t THENaxeei(gigl) = 0axxi(gigl) = 0END IFNEXTEND IFNEXT

IF ASC(c$) = 75 OR ASC(c$) = 77 THENGOTO 1223ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1a = a + 3cc = cc -t- 3ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 OR a = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEGOTO 9999END IF

156 LINE (0, 0)-(522, 0) LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)

A14-41

Page 203: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IFIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 2 THENCALL plp!2(gxxeeO , gxxeei(), page, nof, nofl, qxxe(), qxx(),qyyeO, qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), hjl)END IFIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 > 2 AND a <= nofloor THENCALL plp2g(gxxe(), gxxl(), gyye(),gyyl(), gzze(), gzzl(),i,a)COLOR 5IF nofloor / 2 = ww THENCOLOR 5LINE (gzze(i + 2), 410)-(gzzl(i + 2), 415), , BFEND IFELSEIF page >=2 AND PAGE1>2 AND a<=nofloor AND nofloor/2 <>wwTHENCALL p2p22 (gxxee () , gxxeeiO, nof, nofl, page, qxxe () , qxx () ,qyye(), qyy () , qzze(), qzz(), i, a)IF nofloor / 2 = ww THENLINE (qzze(i + 3), 410)-(qzzl(i + 3), 415), , BFEND IFIF a < nofloor THENLINE (qzze(i + 3), 410)-(qzz(i + 3), 415), , BFEND IFEND IFCOLOR 15

2345 CALL keyin(MINKEY() , MAXKEY() , EXTMINKEY() , EXTMAXKEY() ,SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY${) , CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD,YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, c$)IF ASC(C$) = 27 THENCLOSEGOTO 10000END IFIF page = 1 AND ASC(c$) = 75 AND t <> 0 THENGOTO 10ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 75 THENt = t - 1page = page - 1'new'IF PAGE1 >= nofloor - 4 THENtuf = tuf - 1END IFIF page = 0 OR PAGE1 < 0 OR t < 0 THENGOTO 10000END IFGOTO 77ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 77 THENGOTO 777ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENpage = pagePAGE1 = PAGE1 + 1IF PAGE1 = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 THENGOTO 888

A14-42

Page 204: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF PAGE1 > 2 THENGOTO 999END IFELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1IF a < nofloor THENa = a - 4cc = cc - 4ELSEIF a >= nofloor THENa = a - 2cc = cc - 2END IFIF PAGE1 < 0 OR a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 OR a = 1 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF PAGE1 = 0 OR a = 1 THENGOTO 110ELSEIF PAGE1 = 2 OR a = 2 THENGOTO 81ELSEIF a > 2 THENGOTO 999END IFEND IF

LINE (0, 0}-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IFGOTO 10000

81 a = 2VIEW (100, 30)-(621, 479): CLS 1LOCATE 5, 1PRINT , TAB(480); "PRINT , TAB(480); " "cc = 15FOR j = 5 TO 33 STEP 16COLOR 13LOCATE {4 + j), 1PRINT , TAB (480); a; "th TO", TAB (480); a + 1; "th FLOOR";TAB(480); "COLOR 3LOCATE ( 8 + j ) , 1PRINT , TAB (480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/ "; TAB(480); " Walls "; TAB (480); "LOCATE (12 + j), 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT a + 1; "th Fir"; TAB(480); " Frc Slab/",TAB(480); " Beams"; TAB(480); " "; TAB(480);""LOCATE (17 + j), 1

A14-43

Page 205: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Stair"; TAB(480); "TAB(480); "cc = cc -i- 1a = a + 1NEXTIF a = nofloor - 1 THENCOLOR 13LOCATE 41, 1PRINT , TAB(480); a; "th TO", TAB(480); " ROOFTAB(480); " "COLOR 3LOCATE 45, 1PRINT , TAB(480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/ "; TAB(480); " Walls ";TAB(480); "LOCATE 49, 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT a + 1; "th Fir"; TAB(480); " Frc Slab/",TAB(480); " Beams"; TAB(480); " "; TAB(480);""LOCATE 54, 1PRINT " "; TAB(480); " "LOCATE 56, 1PRINT " "; TAB (480); "cc = cc + 1a = a + 1ELSEIF a < nofloor - 1 THENCOLOR 13LOCATE 41, 1PRINT , TAB(480); a; "th TO", TAB(480); a + 1; "th FLOOR ";TAB(480); "COLOR 3LOCATE 45, 1PRINT , TAB(480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Cols/ "; TAB(480); " Walls "; TAB(480); "LOCATE 49, 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB (480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT a + 1; "th Fir"; TAB(480); " Frc Slab/",TAB (480); " Beams"; TAB(480); "TAB(480); "LOCATE 54, 1cc = cc + 1COLOR 3PRINT , TAB(480); cc;COLOR 15PRINT "Frc Stair"; TAB(480); "TAB(480); "

A14-44

Page 206: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LOCATE 56, 1PRINT " " ; TAB(480); " "cc = cc + 1a = a + 1END IFLINE (0, 0)-(522, 0)LINE (0, 432)-(522, 432)IF bar = 1 THENFOR i = 0 TO 520 STEP 40LINE (i, 0)-(i + 1, 432), , BFNEXTEND IFIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 2 AND a <= nofloor-1 OR nofloor/2=wwTHENCALL plp!2 (gxxee () , gxxeeiO, page, nof, nofl, qxxe () , qxx () ,qyyeO, qyy(), qzzeO, qzz(), hjl)

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 = 2 AND a <= nofloor - 1 AND nofloor / 2 <> ww THEN

CALL plp2 (gxxe() , gxxl{), gyye () , gyyl(), gzzeO, gzzl(), hjl)

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 > 2 AND a < nofloor - 1 AND nolfoor / 2 <> ww THEN

CALL plp2g(gxxe () , gxxl(), gyye () , gyyl(), gzzeO, gzzl(), i, a)

ELSEIF page = 1 AND PAGE1 > 2 AND a <= nofloor - 1 AND nolfoor / 2 = ww THEN

CALL plp2g(gxxe(), gxxl(), gyye(), gyyl(), gzze(),gzzl(),i,a)

ELSEIF page >= 2 AND PAGE1 = 2 AND a < nofloor - 1 THEN i = a + 1

CALL p2p!2 (qxxe () , qxx () , qyye () , qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), i, a)

ELSEIF page >= 2 AND PAGE1 = 2 AND a >= nofloor - 1 THEN

CALL p2p22(gxxee (), gxxeei(), nof, nofl, page, qxxe(), qxx(), qyyeO, qyy()/ qzzeO, qzz(), i, a)

END IFCALL keyin(MINKEY(), MAXKEY(), EXTMINKEYO, EXTMAXKEY(),SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON(), CALLER, XFLD,YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, C$)IF ASC(c$) = 27 THENCLOSEGOTO 10000END IFIF a > nofloor AND ASC(c$) = 80 OR t < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 75 THENt = t - 1page = page - 1

A14-45

Page 207: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF PAGE1 >= nofloor - 4 THEN tuf = tuf - 1 END IF

0 OR t < 0 THENIF page = 0 OR PAGE1 < GOTO 10000 END IF GOTO 77

ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 77 THENGOTO 777ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 80 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 + 1cc = cc - 3GOTO 999ELSEIF ASC(c$) = 72 THENPAGE1 = PAGE1 - 1IF PAGE1 < 0 OR a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 THENGOTO 889ELSEIF PAGE1 = 0 THENGOTO 110ELSEIF PAGE1 = 1 AND page = 2 THENGOTO 889ELSEa = a - 4IF a < 0 THENGOTO 10000ELSEGOTO 999END IFEND IFEND IF

1000 IF ASC(c$:CLOSEEND IF10000 CLOSEEND

=27 THEN

SUB AL (c$, page, oh, op, i, nof, gig, gxxeeO, gxxleO, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, axee(), axx{), afinK), afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5{), afin6(),

afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aserSO, aser6(), uyu, tete, t, gigl, ece, dede, yeni, gxxeeiO, gxxleiO, axeeiO, axxi(), tetel, muratl, uyul, nofl, murat, kesin, yesin) STATIC

ohh = oh opp = op

COLOR 5

A14-46

Page 208: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF i <= nof + 3 AND op <= oh AND opp <= ohh AND op = 0 AND gig = i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 1 THEN

LINE (gxxee(4), 205)- (gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei(}, c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee()) murat = 1

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 1 THEN IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5LINE (po, 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BFCALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, age, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxeeO)

tete = 1ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh = op AND ohh = opp AND op = 0

AND gig >= i AND tete = 0 THEN LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF

tete = 1CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, age, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i <= nof + 3 AND oh = op AND op = 0 AND ohh = opp AND gig > i AND t <> 0 AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh = op AND oh <> 0 AND ohh = opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 1 THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, finl, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nof -t- 3 AND oh = op AND ohh = opp AND op = 0 AND gig >= i AND tete = 0 THEN LINE (gxxee(4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5

A14-47

Page 209: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, age, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee()) tete = 1

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 1 THEN LINE (gxxee(4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee ())

tete = 1ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op = 0 AND ohh > opp

AND gig >= i AND uyu >= op AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND t = 0 THENLINE (gxxee(4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh >= op AND ohh >= opp AND gig >= iAND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND kesin < yesin AND t = 0 THENLINE (gxxee (4), 205)- (gxxle(4), 210), , BFIF gxxee(4) > 480 THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po < 480po = po - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BFCOLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,

serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op = 0 AND ohh > opp

AND gig >= i AND kesin = yesin AND uyu > op AND murat = 0 AND

tete = 0 AND t = 0 THENLINE (gxxee(4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP

A14-48

Page 210: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

END IFCOLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BFCOLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gig >= i AND kesin >= yesin AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND t = 0 AND t = 0 THENLINE (gxxee(4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee(4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh = op + 1 AND op <> 0 AND ohh =opp + 1 AND gig >= i AND kesin = yesin - 1 AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND t = 0 THEN LINE (gxxee(4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee (4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-{po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh >= op AND op <> 0 AND ohh >= opp

AND gig >= i AND t = 0 AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 THEN LINE (gxxee (4), 205)-(gxxle(4), 210), , BF IF gxxee(4) > 480 THEN po = gxxee (4) DO UNTIL po < 480 po = po - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei0/ c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nof -t- 3 AND oh > op AND ohh > opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 1 AND t <> 0 THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op = 0 AND ohh > opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND uyu <= op AND t 0 0 THEN

A14-49

Page 211: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

> i

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, gxxeeO)

uyu = uyu + 1ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh >= op AND op <> 0 AND ohh >= opp

AND gig >= i AND t <> 0 AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND t <> 0 THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, gxxeeO)

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 0 AND too THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, gxxeeO)

ELSEIF i >= nof -I- 3 AND oh = op AND oh <> 0 AND ohh = opp AND gig >= i AND murat = 0 AND tete = 1 THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, gxxeeO)

ELSEIF i >= nof + 3 AND op >= oh AND opp > ohh AND gig THEN

LINE (axee(i + 1), 205)-(axx(i + 1), 210), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei0, c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, gxxeeO)

>= op AND opp < ohh AND gig < i

205)-(axx(i-(afin2

308)-(afin4 326)-(afin6(i - 344)-(afin8(i - 362)-(afinlO(i 390)-(aser2 408)-(aser4 424)-(aser6

finl, fin3,serl, ser3, serS, gxxeeO) END IF

COLOR 5IF i <= nofl + 3 AND op

AND gigl = i AND muratl = 0LINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4)

IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei(4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2 COLOR 5

muratl = 1CALL coll(gxxeei0, c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin?, fin9, serl, ser3, serS, gxxee(

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND gigl >= i AND tetel

LINE (gxxeei (4),

ELSEIF i >= nofTHEN

CALL

LINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINE

(axee ((afinl(afin3(afinS(afin?(afin9(aserl(aser3(aserS

coll (gxxeei 0 ,

+ 3 AND oh

i -(i -(i -(i -(i -(i -(i -(i -(i -c$,

1), 201), 21) , 31), 31), 31), 31), 31), 41), 4page,

1iiii(iiii,

), 210), ,- 1) ,- 1) ,- 1) ,- 1) /- 1)

- 1) /- 1) ,- 1) ,finS,

295) ,313) ,331),349) ,

, 367)395) ,413) ,429) ,fin?,

BF, BF, BF, BF, BF

, , BF, BF, BF, BFfin9,

<= oh AND AND tetel

opp = 1

<= ohhTHEN 180), ,

AND op

BF

180) BF

AND oh = op AND ohh = opp AND op = 0. = 0 THEN 175)-(gxxlei(4] 180! BF

A14-50

Page 212: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THENpoi = gxxeei (4)DO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5

tetel = 1CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee ())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 1 THEN IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei(4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BF COLOR 5 LINE {poi, 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BF

tetel = 1CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxeeO)

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND op = 0 AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND uyul >= op AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND t = 0 THEN

LINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BF IF gxxeei (4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei(4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh >= op AND ohh >= opp AND gigl >= i AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND kesin < yesin AND t = 0 THEN

LINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxle(4), 180), , BF IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei (4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BF COLOR 5 CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee ())

A14-51

Page 213: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND op = 0 AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND kesin = yesin AND uyul > op AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND t = 0 THEN

LINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BF IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei(4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee ())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND kesin >= yesin AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND t = 0 THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxle(4), 180), , BF IF gxxeei (4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei(4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BF COLOR 5CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,

serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh = op + 1 AND op <> 0 AND

ohh = opp + 1 AND gigl >= i AND kesin = yesin - 1 AND muratl

= 0 AND tetel = 0 AND t = 0 THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BF

IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THEN poi = gxxeei(4) DO UNTIL poi < 480 poi = poi - 480 LOOP END IF COLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BF COLOR 5 CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9,

serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh >= op AND op <> 0 AND

ohh >= opp AND gigl >= i AND t = 0 AND muratl = 0 AND tetel =

0 THENLINE (gxxeei(4), 175)-(gxxlei(4), 180), , BF

IF gxxeei(4) > 480 THENpoi = gxxeei(4)DO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFCOLOR 5

A14-52

Page 214: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL coll(gxxeei0, c$, page, finl, fin3, fin5, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee ())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 1 AND t <> 0 THEN

LINE (axeei(i + 1), 175)-(axxi(i + 1), 180), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh > op AND op = 0 AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND uyul <= op AND t<>0 THEN

LINE (axeei(i + 1), 175)-(axxi(i + 1), 180), , BFuyul = uyul + 1

CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee ())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh >= op AND op <> 0 AND ohh >= opp AND gigl >= i AND t <> 0 AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND t <> 0 THEN

LINE (axeei(i + 1), 175)-{axxi(i + 1), 180), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nofl -i- 3 AND oh > op AND op <> 0 AND ohh > opp AND gigl >= i AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 0 AND t<>0 THEN

LINE (axeei(i + 1), 175)-(axxi{i + 1), 180), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxeeO)

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh = op AND oh <> 0 AND ohh = opp AND gigl >= i AND muratl = 0 AND tetel = 1 THEN

LINE (axeei(i + 1), 175)-(axxi(i + 1), 180), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND op >= oh AND opp > ohh AND gigl > i THENLINE (axeei(i + 1), 175)-(axxi(i + 1), 180), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei (), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee())

ELSEIF i >= nofl + 3 AND oh >= op AND opp < ohh AND gigl < i THEN

LINE (axeei(i - 1), 175)-(axxi(i - 1), 180), , BF CALL coll(gxxeei(), c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee0)

END IFCOLOR 15END SUB

SUB col (gxxee (), gxxleO, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5) STATIC

A14-53

Page 215: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

COLOR 5LINE (gxxee(4), 205)- (gxxle(4), 210), , BFIF gxxee(4) > 480 THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po < 480po = po - 480LOOPEND IFCOLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BF

COLOR 4LINE (finl, 205)-(finl + 1, 290), , BF LINE (fin3, 205)-(fin3 + 1, 308), , BF LINE (fin5, 205)-(fin5 + 1, 326), , BF LINE (fin7, 205)-(fin7 + 1, 344), , BF LINE (fin9, 205)-(fin9 + 1, 362), , BF LINE (serl, 205)-(serl + 1, 390), , BF LINE (ser3, 205)-(ser3 + 1, 408), , BF LINE (ser5, 205)-(ser5 + 1, 424), , BF

COLOR 15

END SUB

SUB coll (gxxeeiO, c$, page, finl, fin3, finS, fin7, fin9, serl, ser3, ser5, gxxee()) STATIC

A14-54

Page 216: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF gxxee(4) > 480 * (page - 2) AND gxxee(4) < 480 * (page -1)THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po < 480po = po - 480LOOPCOLOR 14LINE (po, 195)-(po + 2, 205), , BFEND IFCOLOR 5IF gxxeei(4) > 480 * (page - 2) AND gxxeei(4) < 480 *(page-l)THENpoi = gxxeei(4)DO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPCOLOR 9LINE (poi, 165)-(poi + 2, 180), , BFEND IF

IF finl > gxxee(4) + 480 * (Ml + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF Fl = 1 AND finl < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF finl <= 480 *(page-l) AND finl >= 480 * (page -2)THENIF ffl = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENffl = finlIF ffl > 480 THENDO UNTIL ffl < 480ffl = ffl - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ffl, 205)-(ffl + 1, 290), , BFEND IFELSEffl = finlIF ffl > 480 THENDO UNTIL ffl < 480ffl = ffl - 480LOOP

IF finl <= 480 * (page - 1) AND finl >= 480 * (page - 2) THENLINE (ffl, 205)-(ffl + 1, 290), , BFFl = 1

ELSEIF finl <= 480 * (page) AND finl >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(C$) = 80 THEN

LINE (ffl, 205)-(ffl + 1, 290), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IFIF PAGE1 = page THENMl = Ml + 1END IFPAGE1 = page + 1IF fin3 > gxxee(4) + 480 * (M3 + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF F3 = 1 AND fin3 < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THEN

A14-55

Page 217: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSEIF fin3 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin3 >= 480 * (page - 2) THEN

IF ff3 = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENff3 = fin3IF ff3 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff3 < 480ff3 = ff3 - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ff3, 205}-(ff3 + 1, 318), , BFEND IFELSEff3 = fin3IF ff3 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff3 < 480ff3 = ff3 - 480LOOP

IF fin3 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin3 >= 480 * (page - 2) AND ff3 <> 0 THEN

LINE (ff3, 205)-(ff3 + 1/318), , BFF3 = 1

ELSEIF fin3 <= 480 * (page) AND fin3 >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(c$) = 80 THEN

LINE (ff3, 205)-(ff3 + 1, 318), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IFIF page3 = page THENM3 = M3 + 1END IFpage3 = page + 1IF fin5 > gxxee(4) + 480 * (M5 + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF F5 = 1 AND fin5 < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF fin5 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin5 >= 480 * (page - 2) THEN

IF ff5 = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENff5 = fin5IF ff5 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff5 < 480ff5 = ff5 - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ff5, 205)-(ff5 + 1, 326), , BFEND IF ELSEff5 = fin5 IF ff5 > 480 THEN DO UNTIL ff5 < 480 ff5 = ff5 - 480 LOOP

IF fin5 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin5 >= 480 * (page - 2) THEN LINE (ff5, 205)-(ff5 + 1, 326), , BF F5 = 1

A14-56

Page 218: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEIF fin5 <= 480 * (page) AND fin5 >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(C$) = 80 THEN

LINE (ff5, 205)-(ff5 + 1, 326), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-{0, 0)END IFEND IFIF pageS = page THENM5 = M5 + 1END IFpageS = page + 1IF fin7 > gxxee(4) + 480 * (M7 + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0), , BF

ELSEIF F7 = 1 AND fin7 < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF fin7 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin7 >= 480 * {page - 2) THEN

IF ff? = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENff? = fin?IF ff7 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff7 < 480ff7 = ff7 - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ff7, 205)-(ff7 + 1, 344), , BFEND IFELSEff? = fin?IF ff? > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff? < 480ff? = ff? - 480LOOP

IF fin? <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin? >= 480 * (page - 2) THENLINE (ff?, 205)-(ff? + 1, 344), , BFF7 = 1

ELSEIF fin? <= 480 * (page) AND fin? >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(C$) = 80 THEN

LINE (ff?, 205)-(ff? + 1, 344), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IFIF page? = page THENM? = M7 + 1END IFpage? = page + 1IF fin9 > gxxee(4) + 480 * (M9 + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF F9 = 1 AND fin9 < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF fin9 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin9 >= 480 * (page - 2) THEN

IF ff9 = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENff9 = fin9IF ff9 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff9 < 480

A14-57

Page 219: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ff9 = ff9 - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ff9, 205)-(ff9 + 1, 362), , BFEND IF

ELSEff9 = fin9IF ff9 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ff9 < 480ff9 = ff9 - 480LOOP

IF fin9 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND fin9 >= 480 * (page - 2) THENLINE (ff9, 205)-(ff9 + 1, 362), , BFF9 = 1

ELSEIF fin9 <= 480 * (page) AND fin9 >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(c$) =80 THEN

LINE (ff9, 205)-(ff9 + 1, 362), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IFIF page9 = page THENM9 = M9 + 1END IFpage9 = page + 1IF serl > gxxee(4) + 480 * (MSI + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF SI = 1 AND serl < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF serl <= 480 * (page - 1) AND serl >= 480 * (page - 2) THEN

IF ssl = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENssl = serlIF ssl > 480 THENDO UNTIL ssl < 480ssl = ssl - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ssl, 205)-(ssl + 1, 390), , BFEND IFELSEssl = serlIF ssl > 480 THENDO UNTIL ssl < 480ssl = ssl - 480LOOP

IF serl <= 480 * (page - 1) AND serl >= 480 * (page - 2) THENLINE (ssl, 205)-(ssl + 1, 390), , BFSI = 1

ELSEIF serl <= 480 * (page) AND serl >= 480 * (page - 1) AND

ASC(c$) = 80 THENLINE (ssl, 205)-(ssl + 1, 390), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IF

A14-58

Page 220: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF pagsl = page THENMSI = MSI + 1END IFpagsl = page + 1IF ser3 > gxxee(4) + 480 * (MS3 + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF S3 = 1 AND ser3 < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF ser3 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND ser3 >= 480 * (page - 2) THEN

IF ss3 = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENss3 = ser3IF ss3 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ss3 < 480ss3 = ss3 - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ss3, 205)-(ss3 + I, 408), , BFEND IFELSEss3=ser3IF ss3 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ss3 < 480ss3 = ss3 - 480LOOP

IF ser3 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND ser3 >= 480 * (page - 2) THENLINE (ss3, 205)-(ss3 + 1, 408), , BFS3 = 1

ELSEIF ser3 <= 480 * (page) AND ser3 >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(c$) = 80 THEN

LINE (ss3, 205)-(ss3 + 1, 408), , BFEND IFELSELtNE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IFIF pags3 = page THENMS3 = MS3 + 1END IFpags3 = page + 1IF ser5 > gxxee(4) + 480 * (MS5 + 1) THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF S5 = 1 AND ser5 < 480 * page AND ASC(c$) <> 75 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)

ELSEIF ser5 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND ser5 >= 480 * (page - 2)THEN

IF ss5 = 0 OR ASC(c$) = 75 THENss5 = ser5IF ss5 > 480 THENDO UNTIL ss5 < 480ss5 = ss5 - 480LOOPEND IFLINE (ss5, 205)-(ss5 + 1, 424), , BFEND IFELSEss5 = ser5IF ss5 > 480 THEN

A14-59

Page 221: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

DO UNTIL ss5 < 480ss5 = ss5 - 480LOOP

IF ser5 <= 480 * (page - 1) AND ser5 >= 480 * (page - 2) THENLINE (ss5, 205)-(ss5 + 1, 424), , BF55 = 1

ELSEIF ser5 <= 480 * (page) AND ser5 >= 480 * (page - 1) AND ASC(c$) = 80 THEN

LINE (ss5, 205)-(ss5 + I, 424), , BFEND IFELSELINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)END IFEND IFIF pagsS = page THENMS5 = MS5 + 1END IFpagsS = page + 1

END SUB

A14-60

Page 222: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB gigi (finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, finS, fin6, fin7, finS, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6, afinlO, afin2(), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9() f afinlO (), aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), t, jfl, jf3, jf5, jf7, jf9, jsl, js3, js5, gig) STATIC

IF finl >= 480 * t THENafinl(gig) = finl - 480 * tjfl = t + 1DO WHILE afinl(gig) >= 480 * jflafinl(gig) = af inl (gig) - 480 * jfljfl = jfl + 1LOOPafin2(gig) = FIN2 - 480 * t

* t AND FIN2 >= 480 * t THEN- 480 * t

ELSEIF finl < 480 afinl(gig) = finl afin2(gig) = FIN2 - 480 * t ELSEIF FIN2 < 480 * t THEN afinl(gig) = 0 afin2(gig) = 0 END IF

IF fin3 >= 480 * t THENafin3(gig) = fin3 - 480 * tjf3 = t + 1DO WHILE afin3(gig) >= 480 * jf3afin3(gig) = afin3(gig) - 480 * jf3jf3 = jf3 + 1LOOPafin4(gig) = fin4 -ELSEIF fin3 < 480 *afin3(gig) = fin3 -afin4(gig) = fin4 -ELSEIF fin4 < 480 *afin3(gig) = 0afin4(gig) = 0END IFIF finS >= 480 * t THENafinS(gig) = finS - 480jf5 = t + 1DO WHILE afinS(gig

480 '* t AND 480 * 480 * t THEN

tfin4 t t

>= 480 * t THEN

>= 480 * jf5= afin5(gig) -

h 1afin5(gig)jf5 = jf5LOOPafin6(gig) = fin6ELSEIF finS < 480afinS(gig) = finSafin6(gig) = fin6ELSEIF fin6 < 480 * t THENafinS(gig) = 0afin6(gig) = 0END IFIF fin7 >= 480 * t THEN

480

480 * t AND 480 * 480 *

tfin6 t t

jf5

>= 480 * t THEN

A14-61

Page 223: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

afin7(gig) = fin7 - 480 * tjf7 = t + 1DO WHILE afin7(gig) >= 480 * j f 7afin7(gig) jf7 = jf7 LOOP afinS(gig)

= afin7(gig) - 480 * jf7

= fin8 -ELSEIF fin7 < 480afin7(gig) = fin7afinS(gig) = fin8ELSEIF fin8 < 480afin7 (gig) = 0afinS(gig) = 0END IFIF fin9 >=afin9 (gig)jf9 = t + 1DO WHILE afin9(gig)

480 * t AND 480 * 480 * t THEN

tfin8 t t

>= 480 * t THEN

480 * t THEN = fin9 - 480

>= 480 * jf9afin9(gig) = afin9(gig) - 480 * jf9jf9 = jf9 -i- 1LOOPafinlO(gig) = finlO - 480 * tELSEIF fin9 < 480 * t AND finlOafin9(gig) = fin9 - 480 * tafinlO(gig) = finlO - 480 * tELSEIF finlO < 480 * t THENafin9(gig) = 0afinlO(gig) = 0END IFIF serl >= 480 * t THENaserl(gig) = serl - 480 * tjsl = t + 1DO WHILE aserl(gig) >= 480 * jsl

>= 480 * t THEN

= aserl 1

- 480 *- t AND- 480 *- 480 *

aserl (gig)jsl = jsl +LOOPaser2 (gig) = ser2ELSEIF serl < 480aserl (gig) = serlaser2 (gig) = ser2ELSEIF ser2 < 480 * t THENaserl (gig) = 0aser2 (gig) = 0END IFIF ser3 >=aser3 (gig)js3 = t + 1DO WHILE aser3 (gig)aser3(gig) = aser3(gig) -js3 = js3 + 1LOOPaser4 (gig) = ser4 -ELSEIF ser3 < 480 *aser3(gig) = ser3 -aser4 (gig) = ser4 -ELSEIF ser4 < 480 * t THENaser3(gig) = 0aser4 (gig) = 0

gig) - 480 * jsl

tser2 t t

>= 480 * t THEN

480 * t THEN = ser3 - 480

>= 480 * js3480 * js3

480 * t AND 480 * 480 *

t ser4t t

>= 480 * t THEN

A14-62

Page 224: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

END IFIF ser5 >= 480 * t THENaserS(gig) = ser5 - 480 * tjs5 = t + 1DO WHILE aserS(gig) >= 480 * js5aserS(gig) = aserS(gig) - 480 * js5js5 = js5 -t- 1LOOPaser6(gig) = ser6 - 480 * tELSEIF ser5 < 480 * t AND ser6 >= 480 * t THENaserS(gig) = ser5 - 480 * taser6(gig) = ser6 - 480 * tELSEIF ser6 < 480 * t THENaserS(gig) = 0aser6(gig) = 0END IFEND SUB

A14-63

Page 225: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB gullu (aemel)IF bjason = 0 THENLINE (0, 400)-(aemel, 405|END IFEND SUB

A14-64

Page 226: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB keyin (MINKEY(), MAXKEY(), EXTMINKEY() SPECIALKEY$(), EXTSPECIALKEY$(), CAPSON(), YFLD, LNGTH, TRUE, FALSE, c$)

- EXTMAXKEY(), CALLER, XFLD,

'WAIT FOR INPUT26115 c$ = INKEY$IF c$ = "" THEN 26115:C = ASC(c$)IF LEN(c$) = 2 THEN EXTENDED = TRUE ELSE EXTENDED = FALSEIF EXTENDED = FALSE THEN 26155c$ = RIGHT$(c$, 1)c = ASC(c$)GOTO 2620526155 'ORDINARY ASCII CODES'TEST FOR RANGEIF c >= MINKEY(CALLER) AND c <= MAXKEY(CALLER) THEN 26185'HANDLE SPECIAL CHARACTERSIF SPECIALKEY$(CALLER) = " "IF INSTR(SPECIALKEY$(CALLER)

THEN 26240: 'NO c$) = 0 THEN 26240

AND c <= EXTMINKEY(CALLER) THEN

THEN 26240 c$) = 1 THEN 26240

26185 'CONVERT CAPITALS IF NECESSARYIF CAPSON(CALLER) = FALSE THEN 26255IF C > 96 AND c < 123 THEN c$ = CHR$(c AND 223GOTO 2625526205 'EXTENDED ASCIII CODES'TEST FOR RANGEIF c >= EXTMINKEY(CALLER)26255'HANDLE SPECIAL CHARACTERSIF EXTSPECIALKEY$(CALLER) = " "IF INSTR(EXTSPECIALKEY$(CALLER)GOTO 26255IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)IF ASC(c$)

81 THEN82 THEN83 THEN60 THEN61 THEN63 THEN64 THEN65 THEN66 THEN67 THEN

26240262402624026240262402624026240262402624026240

THEN 26240 THEN 26240 THEN 26240

IF ASC(c$) = 73IF ASC(c$) = 79IF ASC(c$) = 71GOTO 2625526240 'ILLEGALBEEPGOTO 26115: 'TRY AGAIN26255 END SUB

CHARACTER

A14-65

Page 227: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

>= 480 * t THEN

SUB ngigi (finl, FIN2, fin3, fin4, fin5, fin6, fin?, fin8, fin9, finlO, serl, ser2, ser3, ser4, ser5, ser6, afinl(), afin2{), afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afin6(), afin7(), afin8(), afin9(), afinlOO, aserl(), aser2(), aser3(), aser4(), aser5(), aser6(), t, jfl, jf3 f jf5, jf7, jf9, jsl, js3, js5, gig, nofloor) STATIC

FOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF finl >= 480 * t THENafinl(gig) = finl - 480 * tjfl = t + 1DO WHILE afinl(gig) >= 480 * jflafinl(gig) = afinl(gig) - 480 * jfljfl = jfl + 1LOOPafin2(gig) = FIN2 - 480 * tELSEIF finl < 480 * t AND FIN2afinl(gig) = finl - 480 * tafin2(gig) = FIN2 - 480 * tELSEIF FIN2 < 480 * t THENafinl(gig) = 0afin2(gig) = 0END IFNEXTFOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF fin3 >= 480 * t THENafin3(gig) = fin3 - 480 * tjf3 = t + 1DO WHILE afin3(gig) >= 480 *.jf3afinS(gig) = afin3(gig) - 480 * jf3jf3 = jf3 + 1LOOPafin4(gig) = fin4 - 480 * tELSEIF fin3 < 480 * t AND fin4afin3(gig) = fin3 - 480 * tafin4(gig) = fin4 - 480 * tELSEIF fin4 < 480 * t THENafin3(gig) = 0afin4(gig) = 0END IFNEXTFOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF fin5 >= 480 * t THENafinS(gig) = fin5 - 480 * tjf5 = t + 1DO WHILE afinS(gig) >= 480 * jf5afinS(gig) = afinS(gig) - 480 * jf5jf5 = jf5 + 1LOOPafin6(gig) = fin6 - 480 * t

A14-66

>= 480 * t THEN

Page 228: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

> M ,r^ 1

CTi

-J

pjp

jpjp

jpjp

jpjtr1

OlO

lfO

lOlfO

lO(D

fDC

OfD

fDC

OfD

O^"t

^~t

L*

J ^ ^

L*J

H

*"UIs

j !-

• M

t\

J K

* 1—

1 K

)- —

- - —

* fr

j .. —

. . —

> hr

j t —

*iQ

iQ

iQ

iQ

lQ

H-

H-

01

H-

H-

Ol

H-

\c\

\c\

(D

vQ

vQ

(D

vQ—

H

~—

l-<

^^t\>

I—

1II

II II

II II

A

AO

O

01

01

01

•£»

(D

CD

•£»

(D00

(•<

H

GO

!•<

O

K)

M O

N>

X- 1

1 *

1

rt

>c» >

c» rt

.C

ioo

oo

oo1-

3 O

O

fi

OJT

] 2

nPJ

*

x- u

x-

2*rt

rt

01 rt

fD h< M V II ife 000 X- rt H ffi PJ

LJ.

p)

Q 1

01

01

Oh-

1 fD '"i

^4

II h- '

3G. —

. (—

(1 —

'• >£

) t"

101

H

- P

JP

" iQ •—

• {!)

+

01II

(D(—

• M

pj

p"

01

—(D

iQ

H

p-

P>

i£)

^-^

—iQ H

- V

tf~^

||^«

->fc

>1

00 o0^

OO

X-o X-

01 P

"L

J.

01 p>

LJ.

p)

M

hq

23

01

Oi

'rj O

MM

O)

?0 X

h 01

1-3II

I-1

0)

vQk^

1 ,1

-

rt iQ

h-

1 ib

H-

4- *

Q

V

II—

II

i-1

3II

J^ 0

00

Hi

01

OCD

+

H

x-I-

1 00

rt1

(-3H

Oit»

{T

]oo

n 3

o 2

! o H

i

0rt

0 h< 4. .£

>

t?cdp)p

)Wp)p

)tid

p)t

HtZ

lHiH

ifH

iHifl-hO

O

P-

H-

CO

H-

H-

CO

H-

O33M

33C

313

IDM

h-'V

DI-

lt-'V

OH

P'

'TCJ

O -

— -

*"*}

O -

— *

^j

O~-

~. i

Q

. — . i

Q

^-~

iQ

H-

H)iQ

H

- H

nQ

p.

(£f

p-

p-

iQ

p-

p.

iQ

^— 3

iQ

»— 3

i£}

• — '

f— '

• — •

IX)

' — '

II 0

II

II II

A

IIO

A

H

iO

H

i M

- .t»

Hi

.t»

H-

3

00

H-

CD

3

IX)

O 3

O I-

1 I-

101

X-

0

X-1

*> rt

1

rt

coJs

. ^^

*£i

ljss.

»-3

oo

S

ooJr

] (—

it-

^^

^^M !z!

x-

rt H

I x-

H-

rt

3 rt

t-1

0 V II >£>

CO O X- rt i-3 S3

LJ.

P)

fj

LJ.

pj

i-h H

I O

H

i H

iVD

H

- <£

> H

-3

S

3II

V£ S

II

VD^_^

I _ J

^_

^

>— i-

iQ

ir1 rt

iQH

i H

- M

H

-U

) iQ

+

iQ

• — •

pj

• — •

+

Hi

I-1

II (-

- II

ft)

VD

Hi

Hi

H-

H-v

Q

33

H-

kDl£

i iQ ~—

* I

vQ H-

V

^u3

II

CO~—

O

|[-v

I co

x-

0ife

rt

00

X-0

LJ.

X-

Hi

voLJ.

Hi

IX)

M

IT)

S!

hr]

Q p

j90

X

Hi

*-3H

-iQ

3

H'

VO i

Q

V

IIII ,fc

» O

00

H)

O+

it-CO

rtH

H O

ffi

M 3

53

O Hi

O o h( + ȣ*

t1!

0)

fl)

t1!

QJ

tiJ

P3

(UJZ

lHiH

lf'H

iHit-'H

iO

H

- H

- CO

H

- H

- CO

H

-3

3 W

3

3 W

3M

OO

^JM

OO

-JM

OO

hrt

^^ ^^

htj

^^ ^

hrj

, _ .

kQ

iQ

iQ

iQ

iQH

- H

- hh

H-

H-

Hi

H-

iQ

iQ

H-

iQ

iQ

I-1-

iQ^

, .^

^ M

»

, »

* »-

* ,

»-)

*-*00

-JII

II II

II II

A

AC

j C

j H

i i

n (—

ntf^ p. p.

,£^ p.

CO 3

3

CO 3

O

CO

-J O

00

X-

1 1

X-

1

rt i

O i

fc r

t >fe

CO

CO

COH

O O

5*

o35

2J

M

x- x-

O

x-25

rt r

t HI

rt

H- 3 CD V II >c» 00 0 X- rt t-3 ffi

M

f L

J.

P)

(3)

O

Hi

Hi

OO

-J

H

-hd

PS

II -J

X—

M

LJ.

iQ

fHH

i H

- P

J-J

iQ -—

pj

+

Hi

II H

-M

3

P)

-JH

i ^~

p-

05

3

H-

-J ^

Q^-

» • —

-lQ H

- V

iQ

II >»1

00 o>J

> oo

x-o

LJ.

X-

Hi

-JL

J.

Hi

-J

LJ-

P

) M

fr

)H

i H

i 'rj

O-J

H

- 50

3

HIII

-J H

-iQ

— 3

H-

rtiQ

-J

iQH

-+

iQ

V

II

IIp>

3

II ^ O

00 H

iH

i O

H-

+3

*-J

to

rt1

1-3H

O£*

X

oo p

] 3

0 5

25 0 H

IX-

I—

'O

rt

O hj -f- .£>

25

PJ

P)

p)

PJPJ

3 H

I HI

tr1

X U

I-

1- H

- CO

H

3

3

pjM

<T

l C

n M

hc^

^-^

. — .

hi]

lQ

|£J

I-1-

H-

Hi

lQ

lQ

p.

> _ ,

, _ ,

h-J <y\

II II

AO

O

>Ca

CO0 X- rt H X p] 2^

p)

p)

p]

Hi

Hi

f*H

- H

- CO

3

3

PJ

cn t

n M

^-~

-—

>T

]

>Q

lQH

- H

- H

itQ

iQ

p-

^— '

"— '

3 enII

IIA

Hi

Hi

H-

H- ^

3

3

00

CTi

Ln O

1 1

*iti

J^ r

too

oo

0 O

> 2J

x- x-

0

rt rt

H

IH

- 3 CTl

V II Ji. CO o x- rt 1-9 |T]

PJ

Page 229: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

END IFNEXTFOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF ser3 >= 480 * t THENaser3(gig) = ser3 - 480 * tjs3 = t + 1DO WHILE aser3(gig) >= 480 * js3aserS(gig) = aser3(gig) - 480 * js3js3 = js3 + 1LOOPaser4(gig) = ser4 - 480 * tELSEIF ser3 < 480 * t AND ser4 >= 480 * t THENaser3(gig) = ser3 - 480 * taser4(gig) = ser4 - 480 * tELSEIF ser4 < 480 * t THENaser3(gig) = 0aser4(gig) = 0END IFNEXTFOR gig = nof + 3 TO nofloor + 4IF ser5 >= 480 * t THENaserS(gig) = ser5 - 480 * tjs5 = t + 1DO WHILE aserS(gig) >= 480 * js5aserS(gig) = aserS(gig) - 480 * js5js5 = js5 -(- 1LOOPaser6(gig) = ser6 - 480 * tELSEIF ser5 < 480 * t AND ser6 >= 480 * t THENaserS(gig) = ser5 - 480 * taser6(gig) = ser6 - 480 * tELSEIF ser6 < 480 * t THENaserS(gig) = 0aser6(gig) = 0END IFNEXTEND SUB

A14-68

Page 230: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB plplO (glxxe, glxxl, glyye, glyyl, glzze, glzzl, gltte,glttl, gluue, gluul, g22b, g22bl, g2xxe, g2xxl, g2yye, g2yyl,g2zze, g2zzl, gyye () , gyylO, gxxe (), gxxlO) STATICCOLOR 5LINE (glxxe, 40)-(glxxl, 45), , BFLINE (glyye, 70)-(glyyl, 75), , BFLINE (glzze, 100)-(glzzl, 105), , BFLINE (gltte, 100)-(glttl, 105), , BFLINE (gluue, 100)-(gluul, 105), , BFLINE (g22b, 150)-(g22bl, 155), , BFLINE (g2xxe, 180)-(g2xxl, 185), , BFLINE (g2yye, 210)-(g2yyl, 215), , BFLINE (g2zze, 250)-(g2zzl, 255), , BFLINE (gyye(44), 315)-(gyyl(44), 320), , BFLINE (gxxe(4), 400)-(gxxl(4), 405), , BFCOLOR 4LINE (glyye, 40)-(glyye + 1, 70), , BFLINE (glzze, 70)-(glzze + 1, 100), , BFLINE (g22b, 100)-(g22b + 1, 150), , BFLINE (g2xxe, 150)-(g2xxe + 1, 180), , BFLINE (g2yye, 180)-(g2yye + 1, 210), , BFLINE (g2zze, 210)-(g2zze + 1, 250), , BFLINE (gyye(44), 250)-(gyye(44) + 1, 315), , BFLINE (gxxe(4), 315)-(gxxe(4) + 1, 400), , BFCOLOR 15END SUB

A14-69

Page 231: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB plplOe (xxe, xx, yye, YY, zze, zz, tte, tt, uue, uu,xxxe2, xxx2, xxe2, xx2, yye2, yy2, zze2, zz2, qyye(), qyylqxxe (), qxx())COLOR 5LINE (xxe, 40)-(xx, 45), , BFLINE (yye, 70)-(YY, 75), , BFLINE (zze, 100)-(zz, 105), , BFLINE (tte, 100)-(tt, 105), , BFLINE (uue, 100)-(uu, 105), , BFLINE (xxxe2, 150)-(xxx2, 155), , BFLINE (xxe2, 180)-(xx2, 185), , BFLINE (yye2, 210)-(yy2, 215), , BFLINE (zze2, 250)-(zz2, 255), , BFLINE (qyye(44), 315)-(qyyl(44), 320), , BFLINE (qxxe(4), 400)-(qxx(4), 405), , BFCOLOR 4LINE (yye, 40)-(yye + 1, 70), , BFLINE (zze, 70)-(zze + 1, 100), , BFLINE (xxxe2, 100)-(xxxe2 + 1, 150), , BFLINE (xxe2, 150)-(xxe2 + 1, 180), , BFLINE (yye2, 180)-(yye2 + 1, 210), , BFLINE (zze2, 210)-(zze2 + 1, 250), , BFLINE (qyye(44), 250)-(qyye(44) + 1, 315), , BFLINE (qxxe(4), 315)-(qxxe(4) + 1, 400), , BF

COLOR 15

END SUB

A14-70

Page 232: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB plpll (gxxeeO, gxxeei(), nof, nofl, gxxe ( )gyye ( ) , gyyi ( ) page = 1 hj = 4COLORLINELINELINELINELINELINECOLORLINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINECOLORLINELINELINELINEIF gx:

5(gxxe(gyye(gxxe(gyye(gxxe(gyye4(gyye(gxxe(gxxe(gyye(gxxe(gxxe(gyye{gzze(gyyi5(gzze(gzze(gzze(gzzexee (4

(hj)(hj)(hj(hj(hj(hj

(hj)(hj(hj(hj(hj(hj(hj(hj(hj)

(hj)(hj(hj(hj) >

, gzze () , gzzl ()

, 8, 1+ 1+ 1+ 2+ 2

0)10),),),),

/ 80)+ 1+ 1+ 1+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 1, 1

),),),),),),),10

, 150+ 1+ 2+ 2480

),),),*

- (gxxl (hj),)-(gyyl(hj)210)-240)-340)-370)-

-(gyye110)-150)-210)-240)-280)-340)-150)-

(gxxl(gyyi(gxxl(gyyi(hj)(gxxe(gxxe(gyye(gxxe(gxxe(gyye(gzze

, hj)

85),, 115)(hj +(hj +(hj +(hj +

+ 1, 1(hj +(hj +(hj +(hj +(hj +(hj +(hj +

)-(gyyl(hj) + 1,

)-(gyyl(hj)280)-410)-280)-(page

(gzzl(gzzl(gzze- I)

, 155)(hj +(hj +(hj +

STATIC

, BF/ /1),1),2),2),

10),1) +1) +1) +2) +2) +2) +1) +150)

i i1),2),2) +

AND gxxee

BF215)245)345)375)

, ,, ,, ,, ,

BFBFBFBF

, BF1,I,I,I,I,1,1,

, ,

BF285)415)1,

(4)

210)210)240)340)340)370)280)BF

/ ,, ,410)

, ,, ,i ii ii ti ii i

BFBFi i

< 480 *

gxxl()

BF BF BF BF BF BF BF

BF (page;

480

THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po <po = po - 480LOOPCOLOR 14IF nof = 1 THENLINE (po, 115)-(po + 2, 125)ELSEIF nof = 2 THENLINE (po, 245)-(po + 2, 255)ELSEIF nof = 3 THENLINE (po, 175)-(po + 2, 185)END IFEND IFIF gxxeei(4) > 480 *THENpoi = gxxeei(4)IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze (4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480

BF

BF

BF

(page - 1) AND gxxeei(4) < 480 * (page)

A14-71

Page 233: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LOOPCOLOR 9IF nofl = 1 THENLINE (poi, 155)-(poi + 2, 170), , BFELSEIF nofl = 2 THENLINE (poi, 285)-(poi + 2, 300), , BFELSEIF nofl = 3 THENLINE (poi, 415)-(poi + 2, 430), , BFEND IFEND IFSUB plp!2 (gxxee(), gxxeei(), page, nof, nofl, qxxe(), qxx()qyye(), qyy(), qzze(), qzz{), hjl) STATIC

hjl = 6COLOR 5LINE (qxxe(hjl), 80) - (qxx (hj 1) , 85), , BFLINE (qyye(hjl), 110)-(qyy(hjl), 115), , BFLINE (qxxe(hjl + 1), 210)-(qxx(hj1 + 1), 215), , BFLINE (qyye(hjl + 1), 240)-(qyy(hj1 + 1), 245), , BFLINE (qxxe(hjl + 2), 340)-(qxx(hj1 + 2), 345), , BFLINE (qyye(hjl + 2), 370)-(qyy(hjl + 2), 375), , BFLINE (qzze(hjl), 150)-(qzz(hj1), 155), , BFLINE (qzze(hjl + 1), 280)-(qzz(hj1 + 1), 285), , BFLINE (qzze(hjl + 2), 410)-(qzz(hjl + 2), 415), , BFCOLOR 4IF qyye(hjl) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qyye(hjl), 80)-(qyye(hj1) + 1, 110), , BFEND IFIF qxxe(hjl + 1) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qxxe(hjl + 1), 110)-(qxxe(hj1 +!)+!, 210), , BFLINE (qxxe(hjl + 1), 150)-(qxxe(hj1 +!)+!, 210), , BFEND IFIF qyye(hjl + 1) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qyye(hjl + 1), 210)-(qyye(hj1 +!)+!, 240), , BFEND IFIF qxxe(hjl) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qxxe(hjl + 2), 240)-(qxxe(hj1 + 2) + 1, 340), , BFLINE (qxxe(hjl + 2), 280)-(qxxe(hj1 + 2) + 1, 340), , BFEND IFIF qyye(hjl + 2) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qyye(hjl + 2), 340)-(qyye(hj1 + 2) + 1, 370), , BF

END IFIF qzze(hjl) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qzze(hjl), 110)-(qzze(hj1) + 1, 150), , BFEND IFIF qzze(hjl + 1) = 0 THEN

A14-72

Page 234: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

LINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qzze(hjl + 1), 240)-(qzze(hj1 +!)+!, 280), , BFEND IFIF qzze(hjl + 2) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0)ELSELINE (qzzethjl + 2), 370)-(qzze(hj1 + 2) + 1, 410), , BFEND IFCOLOR 15IF gxxee(4) > 480 * (page - 1) AND gxxee(4) < 480 * (page)THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po < 480po = po - 480LOOPCOLOR 14IF nof = 3 THENLINE (po, 110)-(po + 2, 120), , BFELSEIF nof = 4 THENLINE (po, 240)-(po + 2, 250), , BFELSEIF nof = 5 THENLINE (po, 370)-(po + 2, 380), , BFEND IFEND IF

IF gxxeei(4) > 480 * (page - 1) AND gxxeei(4) < 480 * (page)THENpoi = gxxeei(4)IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze(4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPCOLOR 1IF nofl = 3 THENLINE (poi, 150)-(poi + 2, 160), , BFELSEIF nofl = 4 THENLINE (poi, 280)-(poi + 2, 290), , BFELSEIF nofl = 5 THENLINE (poi, 410)-(poi + 2, 420), , BFEND IFEND IFCOLOR 15

END SUB

A14-73

Page 235: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB plp!2g (gxxe( i, a) STATIC

gxxl(), gyye(), gyyl(), gzze(), gzzl(),

i = a COLOR LINE LINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINECOLORLINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINECOLOR

+ 1 5 (gxxe (gyye(gzze(gxxe(gyye(gzze(gxxe(gyye(gzze4(gyye(gxxe(gxxe(gyye(gxxe(gxxe(gyye(gzze(gzze(gzze15

(i), (i),(i),(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +

(i),(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i),(i +(i +

80)' 1101501),1),1),2),2),2),

80)1),1),1),2),2),2) ,1101) ,2),

-(gxxl(i), 85), , BF )-(gyyl(i), 115), , BF)-(gzzl(i), 155), ,210)-240)-280)-340)-370)-410)-

-(gyye110)-150)-210)-240)-280)-340)-

(gxxl(gyyi(gzzl(gxxl(gyyi(gzzl

(i) +(gxxe(gxxe(gyye(gxxe(gxxe(gyye

) - (gzze (i)150)-280)-

(gzze(gzze

(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +

1,(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i ++ 1,(i +(i +

1),1),I)/2),2),2),

110)1)1)1)2)2)2)

BF215)245)285)345)375)415)

/ // /i ii ii ii i

BFBFBFBFBFBF

, , BF+ 1,+ 1,+ 1,+ 1,+ 1,+ I/

150), ,1)2)

+ 1,+ 1,

210)210)240)340)340)370)BF280)410)

/ ii ii ii ii ir i

i i

i i

BFBFBFBFBFBF

BFBF

END SUB

A14-74

Page 236: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB plp2 (gxxeO , hjl) STATIC hjl = 6 COLOR 5LINE (gxxe(hjl), LINE (gyye(hjl), LINE (gzze(hjl), LINE (gxxe(hjl + LINE (gyye(hjl + LINE (gzze(hjl + LINE (gxxe(hjl + LINE (gyye(hjl + COLOR 4LINE (gyye(hjl), LINE (gxxe(hjl + LINE (gxxe(hjl + LINE (gyye(hjl + LINE (gxxe(hjl + LINE (gxxe(hjl + LINE (gyye(hjl + LINE (gzze(hjl), LINE (gzze(hjl + COLOR 15 END SUB

gxxl(), gyye(), gyyl(), gzzeO, gzzlO,

80)-(gxxl(hjl), 85), , BF 110)-(gyyl(hjl), 115), , BF 150)-(gzzl(hjl), 155), , BF 1), 210)-(gxxl(hjl 1), 240)-{gyyl(hjl1), 280)-(gzzl(hjl2), 340)-(gxxl(hjl 2), 370)-(gyyl(hjl

80)-(gyye(hjl) + 1, 110) 1), 110)-(gxxe(hjl + 1), 150)-(gxxe(hjl +1), 210)-(gyye(hjl +2), 240)-(gxxe(hjl + 2), 280)-(gxxe(hjl + 2), 340)-(gyye(hjl + 110)-(gzze(hjl) + 1, 1), 150)-(gzze(hjl +

+ 1),+ 1),+ 1),+ 2),+ 2),

215),245),285),345),375),

, BF, BF, BF, BF, BF

BF1) +1) +1) +2) +2) +2) +150),1) +

1,1,1,1,1,1,

/1,

210),210),240),340),340),370),BF280),

, BF, BF, BF, BF, BF, BF

, BF

A14-75

Page 237: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB plp2g (gxxe () , <a) STATIC

i = a + 1COLOR 5LINE (gxxe(i),LINE (gyye(i),LINE (gzze(i),LINE (gxxe(i +LINE (gyye(i +LINE (gzze(i +LINE (gxxe(i +LINE (gyye (i +COLOR 4LINE (gyye(i),LINE (gxxe(i +LINE (gxxe(i +LINE (gyye(i +LINE (gxxe(i +LINE (gxxe(i +LINE (gyye(i +LINE (gzze(i),LINE (gzze(i +COLOR 15

80)-110)150)1),1),1),2),2),

80)-1) ,1),I)/2),2),2),110)1),

gxxl(), gyye(), gyyi(), gzze(), gzzl(), i,

/ ii i1),1),1),2),2),

BFBF215), ,245), ,285),345), ,375),

, BFr BF, BF, BF, BF

(gxxl(i), 85), , BF-(gyyl(i), 115)-(gzzl(i), 155) 210)-(gxxl(i + 240)-(gyyl(i + 280)-(gzzl(i + 340)-(gxxl(i + 370)-(gyyl(i +

-(gyye(i) + 1, 110), , BF 110)-(gxxe(i 150)-(gxxe(i 210)-(gyye(i 240)-(gxxe(i 280)-(gxxe(i 340)-(gyye(i-(gzze(i) + 150)-(gzze(i

i + 1) +i + 1) +i + 1) +i + 2) +i + 2) +i + 2) +

1, 150),i + 1) +

1,1,1,1,I/1,

, ,I,

210) ,210) ,240),340),340),370),BF280),

, BF, BF, BF, BF, BF/ BF

, BF

END SUB

A14-76

Page 238: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB p2pll (gxxee(), gxxeeiO, page, nofl, nof, qxxe () , qxx () ,qyye(), qyy(), qzze(), qzz(), hj2) STATIChj2 = 4COLOR 5LINE (qxxe(hj2), 80)-(qxx(hj2), 85), , BFLINE (qyye(hj2), 110)-(qyy(hj2), 115), , BFLINE (qzze(hj2), 150)-(qzz(hj2) + 1, 155), , BFLINE (qxxe(hj2 + 1), 210)-(qxx(hj2 + 1), 215), , BFLINE (qyye(hj2 + 1), 240) - (qyy (hj2 -I- 1), 245), , BFLINE (qzze(hj2 + 1), 280)-(qzz(hj2 +!)+!, 285), , BFLINE (qxxe(hj2 + 2), 340)-(qxx(hj2 + 2), 345), , BFLINE (qyye(hj2 + 2), 370)-(qyy(hj2 + 2), 375), , BFLINE (qzze(hj2 + 2), 410)-(qzz(hj2 + 2) + 1, 415), , BFCOLOR 4IF qyye(hj2) = 0 THENLINE (qyye(hj2), 80)-(qyye(hj2) , 110), , BFELSELINE (qyye(hj2), 80)-(qyye(hj2) + 1, 110), , BFEND IFIF qxxe(hj2 + 1) = 0 THENLINE (qxxe(hj2 + 1), 80)-(qxxe(hj2 + 1), 110), , BFELSELINE (qxxe(hj2 + 1), 110)-(qxxe(hj2 +!)+!, 210), , BFLINE (qxxe(hj2 + 1), 150)-(qxxe(hj2 +!)+!, 210), , BFEND IFIF qyye(hj2 + 1) = 0 THENLINE (qyye(hj2 + 1), 80)-(qyye(hj2 + 1), 110), , BFELSELINE (qyye(hj2 + 1), 210)-(qyye(hj2 +!)+!, 240), , BFEND IFIF qxxe(hj2 + 2) = 0 THENLINE (qxxe(hj2 + 2), 80)-(qxxe(hj2 + 2), 110), , BFELSELINE (qxxe(hj2 + 2), 240)-(qxxe(hj2 + 2) + 1, 340), , BFLINE (qxxe(hj2 + 2), 280)-(qxxe(hj2 + 2) + 1, 340), , BF

END IFIF qyye(hj2 + 2) = 0 THENLINE (qye(hj2 + 2), 80)-(qyye(hj2 + 2), 110), , BFELSELINE (qyye(hj2 + 2), 340)-(qyye(hj2 + 2) + 1, 370), , BFEND IFCOLOR 4IF qzze(hj2) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0), , BF

A14-77

Page 239: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSELINE (qzze(hj2), 110)-(qzze(hj2) + 1, 150), , BFEND IFIF qzze(hj2 + 1) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0), , BFELSELINE (qzze(hj2 + 1), 240)-(qzze(hj2 +!)+!, 280), , BFEND IFIF qzze(hj2 + 2) = 0 THENLINE (0, 0)-(0, 0), , BFELSELINE (qzze(hj2 + 2), 370)-(qzze(hj2 +2) +1, 410), , BFEND IFIF gxxee(4) > 480 * (page - 1) AND gxxee(4) < 480 * (page)THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po < 480po = po - 480LOOPCOLOR 14IF nof = 1 THENLINE (po, 110)-(po + 2, 120), , BFELSEIF nof = 2 THENLINE (po, 240)-(po + 2, 250), , BFELSEIF nof = 3 THENLINE (po, 370)-(po + 2, 380), , BFEND IFEND IFIF gxxeei(4) > 480 * (page - 1) AND gxxeei(4) < 480 * (page)THENpoi = gxxeei(4)IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze(4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPCOLOR 1IF nofl = 1 THENLINE (poi, 150)-(poi + 2, 160), , BFELSEIF nofl = 2 THENLINE (poi, 280)-(poi + 2, 290), , BFELSEIF nofl = 3 THENLINE (poi, 410)-(poi + 2, 420), , BFEND IFEND IFCOLOR 15END SUB

A14-78

Page 240: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB p2p!2 STATIC

i = a + 1 COLOR 5 LINE (qxxe LINE (qyyeLINELINELINELINELINELINELINECOLORLINELINELINELINELINELINELINE

(qzze(qxxe(qyye(qzze(qxxe(qyye(qzze4(qyye(qxxe(qxxe(qyye(qxxe(qxxe(qyye

(qxxe () ,

(i), 80) (i), 110(i),(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +

(i),(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +

1501)1)1)2)2)2)

,/,/,/

80)1)1)1)2)2)2)

/,,/,/

qxx()

- (qxx{.)-(qyy) - (qzz210)-240)-280)-340)-370)-410)-

-(qyye110)-150)-210) -240)-280)-340)-

/ qyye ( ) ,

i), 85), (i), 115)(i) +(qxx((qyy((qzz((qxx((qyy((qzz (

(i) +(qxxe(qxxe(qyye(qxxe(qxxe(qyye

1,i +i +i +i +i +i +

1,(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +

qyy ( ) /

/ BF , , BF155), ,1),1),1)2),2),2)

1101)1)1)2)2)2)

215)245)

+ I/345)375)

+ 1,

), ,+ 1,+ 1,+ I/+ I/+ 1,+ I/

qzze () ,

BF, , BF, , BF285), ,, , BF, , BF415), ,

BF210) ,210),240),340),340),370),

qzz

BF

BF

, BF, BF/ BF, BF, BF, BF

i, a)

IF qzze(i) = 0 THENLINE (qzze(i), 80)-(qzze(i) , 110), , BFELSELINE (qzze(i), 110)-(qzze(i) + 1, 150), , BFEND IFIF qzze(i + 1) = 0 THENLINE (qzze(i + 1), 80)-(qzze(i + 1), 110), , BF

ELSELINE (qzze(i + 1), 240)-(qzze(i +!)+!, 280), , BF

END IFIF qzze(i + 2) = 0 THENLINE (qzze(i + 2), 80)-(qzze(i + 2), 110), , BF

ELSELINE (qzze(i + 2), 370)-(qzze(i + 2) + 1, 410), , BF

END IF

COLOR 15

eND SUBA14-79

Page 241: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB p2p22 (gxxee () , qyye(), qyy(), qzze i = a + 1 COLOR 5 LINE (qxxe(i), 80)- LINE (qyye(i), 110)LINELINELINELINELINELINECOLORLINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINE

(qzze(qxxe(qyye(qzze(qxxe(qyye4(qyye(qxxe(qxxe(qyye(qxxe(qxxe(qyye(qzze(qzze

(i),(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +

(i),(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i +(i),(i +

150)1)1)1)2)2)

801)1)1)2)2)2)111)

/iiii

)-

/,///,0),

gxxeei () , nof, () , qzz () , i f a)

(qxx(i), 85), , -(qyy(i), 115),- (qzz210)-240)-280)-340)-370)-

(qyye110)-150)-210)-240)-280)-340)-

(i) +(qxx((qyy((qzz ((qxx ((qyy((i) +(qxxe(qxxe(qyye(qxxe(qxxe(qyye

- (qzze (i)240)- (qzze

1iiiii

1(i(i(i(i(i(i+(i

nofl, page, > STATIC

BF / BF

, 155), ,+ 1)+ 1)+ 1)+ 2)+ 2)

r

i+

i

i

215)245)1,

345)375)

, HO), ,+ 1+ 1+ 1+ 2+ 2H- 2

1, 1+ 1

)

)

)

)

)

)50)

+ I,+ I/+ If+ 1,+ 1,+ 1,) / /+ I,

BF, , BF, , BF285) ,, , BF, , BF

BF210) ,210) ,240) ,340) ,340) ,370) ,BF280) ,

qxxe (), qxx()

BF

BF BF BF BF BF BF

BF

IF gxxee (4) > 480 * (page - 1) AND gxxee(4) < 480 * (page)THENpo = gxxee(4)DO UNTIL po < 480po = po - 480LOOPCOLOR 14IF nof = 3 THENLINE (po, 110)-(po H- 2, 120), , BFELSEIF nof = 4 THENLINE (po, 240)-(po + 2, 250), , BFELSEIF nof = 5 THENLINE (po, 370)-(po + 2, 380), , BFEND IFEND IFIF gxxeei(4) > 480 * (page - 1) AND gxxeei(4) < 480 * (page)THENpoi = gxxeei(4)

A14-80

Page 242: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF poi > gzze(4) THENpoi = gzze(4)END IFDO UNTIL poi < 480poi = poi - 480LOOPCOLOR 1IF nofl = 3 THENLINE (poi, 150) -(poiELSEIF nofl = 4 THENLINE (poi, 280)- (poiELSEIF nofl = 5 THENLINE (poi, 410) -(poiEND IFEND IFCOLOR 15END SUB

2, 160),

2, 290),

2, 420),

BF

BF

BF

SUB sf afin7() , aser3 () ,

(afinl(), afinS () aser4 ()

afin2() , afin9(), aserS () ,

afin3(), afin4(), afin5(), afinlOO, aserlO, aser2 ( aser6(), i) STATIC

afin6

COLORLINELINELINELINELINELINELINELINE

5[afinl(i [afin3(i Iafin5(i [afin7(i !afin9(i [aserl(i [aser3 (i [aserS (i

1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1) 1)

290)-(afin2 308)-(afin4 326)-(afin6(i 344)-(afin8(i362)- (afinlO(i 390)-(aser2(i 408)-(aser4(i 424)-(aser6(i

(i(i(i(i0((i(i(i

++++

i H+++

1)1)1)1)

h l1)1)1)

/,,/),/,

295)313)331)349)

, 367395)413)429)

//,/)/,/

, BF, BF, BF, BF

, , BF, BF, BF, BF

END SUB

A14-81

Page 243: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

APPENDIX 15 CODING FOR THE OPTIMISATION MODEL

Page 244: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

OPT1

DECLARE SUB ratiol (si!, s2 ! , s!62!, s!88!, s465!, f 1!, f2!,f3!, f4!, costra!, ib219!, ib217!, b219!, b217!, slm!, s2m!,sl62m!, sl88m!, s465m!, f 1m! , f2m!, f3m!, f4m!, cl!, ib219m!,ib217m!, b219m!, b217m!, DIFF!(), ratio!(), indact!(),indactm! () , dir! () )DECLARE SUB ratio2 (f6!, f 7 ! , f8!, f9!, flO!, s4!, semi!,seel!, tf374!, tf377!, tf380!, tf373!, tf376!, tf379!,tf375!, tf378!, tf381!, f6m!, f7m!, fSin!, f9m!, flOm!, s4m!,semlm!, seelm!, tf374m!, tf377m!, tf380m!, tf373m!, tf376m!,tf379m!, tf375m!, TF378M!, tf381m!, DIFF!(), ratio!(),indact!(), indactm!(), dir!(), nofloor)DECLARE SUB xyy (dur!(), lag!(), X!(), Y!(), nofloor!, NOF!,NOF1!, PR!)DECLARE SUB XYYM (DURM!{), lagm!(), XM!(), YM!(), nofloor!,NOFm!, NOFlm!, prM!)DECLARE SUB lagii (Itlr!, Irlb!, Iblt!, Itlc!, flf2!, f2f3!,lagsifo!, lagfogr!, laggrfir!, lagcwsbl!, lagsbsl!, Iagcw2!,lagcwl!, lagsbl!, Iagsb2!, lagscl!, Iagsc2!, laglaro!,lagnfbb!, lagi!, Irlbl!, lagra!, lain!, lawa!, lafl!, lace!,laex!, lali!, lame!, lael!, lag!())DECLARE SUB durn (s5!, s6!, s!63!, s!88!, s465!, Fll!, F12!,f!3!, F14!, dayra!, ib!69!, ib!61!, b!69!, b!61!, fii2!,fiw2!, fif2!, fic2!, fie2!, se!2!, sem2!, see2!, tf243!,tf286!, tf303!, tf28!, tf71!, tflll!, tf!49!, TF176!, tflSO!,dur!())DECLARE SUB lagiim (Itlrm!, Irlbm!, Ibltm!, Itlcm!, flf2m!,f2f3m!, lagsifom!, lagfogrm!, laggrfirm!, lagcwsblm!,lagsbslm!, Iagcw2m!, lagcwlm!, lagsblm!, Iagsb2m!, lagsclm!,Iagsc2m!, laglarom!, lagnfbbm!, lagim!, Irlblm!, lagram!,lainm!, lawam!, laflm!, lacem!, laexm!, lalim!, lamem!,laelm!, lagm! (.) )DECLARE SUB du2 (s5m!, s6m!, s!63m!, sl88m!, s465m!, Film!,F12m!, f!3m!, F14m!, dayram!, ib!69m!, ib!61m!, b!69m!,b!61m!, fii2m!, fiw2m!, fif2m!, fic2m!, fie2m!, se!2m!,sem2m!, see2m!, tf243m!, tf286m!, tf303m!, tf28m!, tf71m!,tflllm!, tf!49m!, TF176M!, tf150m!, DURMIO)DECLARE SUB diffl (s5!, s6!, s!63!, s!88!, s465!, Fll!, F12!,f!3!, F14!, dayra!, ib!69!, ib!61!, b!69!, b!61!, s5m!, s6m!,s!63m!, s!88m!, s465m!, Film!, F12m!, fl3m!, F14m!, dayram!,ib!69m!, ib!61m!, b!69m!, b!61m!, DIFF!())DECLARE SUB diff2 (fii2!, fiw2!, fif2!, fic2!, fie2!, se!2!,sem2!, see2!, tf243!, tf286!, tf303!, tf28!, tf71!, tflll!,tf!49!, TF176!, tf!50!, fii2m!, fiw2m!, fif2m!, fic2m!,fie2m!, se!2m!, sem2m!, see2m!, tf243m!, tf286m!, tf303m!,tf28m!, tf71m!, tflllm!, tf149m!, TF176M!, tflSOm!, DIFF!())

OPEN "tott.dat" FOR INPUT AS #10INPUT #10, PR, prM, projdir, projdirm, INDIRECT, INDIRECTM, totco, totcom, durl, dur2, dur3, durlm, dur2m, dur3m, d31, d32, d33, d34, d35, d36, d37, d38, d31m, d32m, d33m, d34m, d35m, d36m, d37m, d38m

DIMlag(29), lagm(29), DIFF(31), ratio(150), dur(31), DURM(31), X(150), Y(150), indact(150), XM(150), YM(150; indactm(lSO), dir(31)

A15- 1

Page 245: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

OPEN "nooo.dat" FOR INPUT AS #1INPUT #1, nofloorCLOSE 1OPEN "lagmaind.dat" FOR INPUT AS #8INPUT #8, Itlr, Irlb, Iblt, Itlc, flf2, f2f3, lagsifo,lagfogr, laggrfir, lagcwsbl, lagsbsl, Iagcw2, lagcwl, lagsbl,Iagsb2, lagscl, Iagsc2, laglaro, lagnfbb, lagi, NOF, NOF1,Irlbl, lagra, lain, lawa, lafl, lace, laex, lali, lame, lael

OPEN "lagdm.dat" FOR INPUT AS #18INPUT #18, Itlrm, Irlbm, Ibltm, Itlcm, flf2m, f2f3m, lagsifom, lagfogrm, laggrfirm, lagcwsblm, lagsbslm, Iagcw2m, lagcwlm, lagsblm, Iagsb2m, lagsclm, Iagsc2m, laglarom, lagnfbbm, lagim, NOFiti, NOFlm, Irlblm, lagram, lainm, lawam, laflm, lacem, laexm, lalim, lamem, laelm

OPEN "coptsi.dat" FOR INPUT AS #9INPUT #9, sitotc, sdat, sitotcm, sdatm, s5m, s6m, s!63m,s!88m, s465m, slm, s2m, s!62m, s!87m, s464m, si, s5, s8m,s20m, s22m, s24m, s82m, s!33m, s!58m, s!83m, s462m, s6, s!63,S188, s465, s2, s!62, s!87, s464, s8, s20, s22, s24, s82,s!33, s!58, s!83, s462, compl, complmCLOSE 9

OPEN "coptsi2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #9PRINT #9, USING "#######.#"; sitotc; sdat; sitotcm; sdatm;s5m; s6m; s!63m; s!88m; s465m; slm; s2m; s!62m; s!87m; s464m;si; s5; s8m; s20m; s22m; s24m; s82m; s!33m; s!58m; s!83m;s462m; s6; s!63; s!88; s465; s2; s!62; s!87; s464; s8; s20;s22; s24; s82; s!33; s!58; s!83; s462; compl; complmCLOSE 9

OPEN "coptsi2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #9INPUT #9, sitotc, sdat, sitotcm, sdatm, s5m, s6m, s!63m,s!88m, s465m, slm, s2m, s!62m, s!87m, s464m, si, s5, s8m,s20m, s22m, s24m, s82m, s!33m, s!58m, s!83m, s462m, s6, s!63,s!88, s465, s2, s!62, s!87, s464, 58, s20, s22, s24, s82,s!33, s!58, s!83, s462, compl, complmCLOSE 9

OPEN "coptfn.dat" FOR INPUT AS #20INPUT #20, cofotot, fodat, cofototm, fodatm, f24m, F12m, f!3m, F14m, f2, f3, f4, F14, f2m, f3m, flSOm, f!25m, fgam, f!4b, f!4bm, fl, flm, f!5, Fll, Film, f461b, F12, f!3 CLOSE 20

OPEN "coptfn2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #20PRINT #20, USING "#######.#"; cofotot; fodat; cofototm;fodatm; f24m; F12m; f!3m; F14m; f2; f3; f4; F14; f2m; f3m;flSOm; f!25m; fgam; f!4b; f!4bm; fl; flm; f!5; Fll; Film;f461b; F12; f!3CLOSE 20

OPEN "coptfn2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #20INPUT #20, cofotot, fodat, cofototm, fodatm, f24m, F12m, f!3m, F14m, f2, f3, f4, F14, f2m, f3m, f!80m, f!25m, fgam, f!4b, f!4bm, fl, flm, f!5, Fll, Film, f461b, F12, f!3 CLOSE 20

A15- 2

Page 246: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

OPEN "coptfl.dat" FOR INPUT AS INPUT #11, fltcos, fdat, tf373, tf374, tf375, tf376, tf377, tf378, tf379, tf380, tf381, tf28, tf!49, tf243, tf71, TF176, tf286, tflll, tflSO, tf303, tf373m, tf374m, tf375m, tf376m, tf377m, TF378M, tf379m, tf380m, tf381m, tf28m, tf!49m, tf243m, tf71m, TF176M, tf286m, tflllm, tflSOm, tf303m CLOSE 11

OPEN "coptfl2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #11PRINT #11, USING "#######.#»; fltcos; fdat; tf373; tf374; tf375; tf376; tf377; tf378; tf379; tf380; tf381; tf28; tf!49; tf243; tf71; TF176; tf286; tflll; tflSO; tf303; tf373m; tf374m; tf375m; tf376m; tf377m; TF378M; tf379m; tf380m; tf381m; tf28m; tf!49m; tf243m; tf71m; TF176M; tf286m; tflllm; tflSOm; tf303m CLOSE 11

OPEN "coptfl2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #11INPUT #11, fltcos, fdat, tf373, tf374, tf375, tf376, tf377, tf378, tf379, tf380, tf381, tf28, tf!49, tf243, tf71, TF176, tf286, tflll, tflSO, tf303, tf373m, tf374m, tf375m, tf376m, tf377m, TF378M, tf379m, tf380m, tf381m, tf28m, tfl49m, tf243m, tf71m, TF176M, tf286m, tflllm, tflSOm, tf303m CLOSE 11

OPEN "coptbb.dat" FOR INPUT AS #12INPUT #12, ib2, b!72, ib2m, b!73m, b!59m, b!67m, b217, b219,b!61, b!69, b217m, b219m, b!61m, b!69mCLOSE 12

OPEN "coptbb2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #12PRINT #12, USING "#######.#"; ib2; b!72; ib2m; b!73m; b!59m; b!67m; b217; b219; b!61; b!69; b217m; b219m; b!61m; b!69m CLOSE 12

OPEN "coptbb2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #12INPUT #12, ib2, b!72, ib2m, b!73m, b!59m, b!67m, b217, b219,b!61, b!69, b217m, b219m, bl61m, b!69mCLOSE 12

OPEN "icoptbb.dat" FOR INPUT AS #13INPUT #13, ibl, ib!72, iblm, ib!73m, ib!59m, ib!67m, ib217, ib219, ib!61, ib!69, ib217m, ib219m, iblGlm, ib!69m CLOSE 13

OPEN "icoptbb2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #13PRINT #13, USING "#######.#"; ibl; ib!72; iblm; ib!73m;ib!59m; ib!67m; ib217; ib219; ib!61; ibl69; ib217m; ib219m;ib!61m; ib!69mCLOSE 13

OPEN "icoptbb2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #13INPUT #13, ibl, ib!72, iblm, ib!73m, ib!59m, ib!67m, ib217, ib219, ib!61, ib!69, ib217m, ib219m, ib!61m, ib!69m CLOSE 13

OPEN "ra.dat" FOR INPUT AS #14INPUT #14, costra, dayra, cl, dayram, weekra, durra

A15- 3

Page 247: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CLOSE 14

OPEN "ra2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS §14PRINT #14, USING "#######.#"; costra; dayra; cl; dayram;weekra; durraCLOSE 14

OPEN "ra2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #14INPUT #14, costra, dayra, cl, dayram, weekra, durraCLOSE 14

OPEN "graphfi.dat" FOR INPUT AS #15INPUT #15, fii2, fiw2, fif2, fic2, fie2, f6, f7, f8, f9, flO, fii2m, fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, f6m, f7m, f8m, f9m, flOm CLOSE 15

OPEN "graphfi2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #15PRINT #15, USING "#######.#"; fii2; fiw2; fif2; fic2; fie2;f6; f7; f8; f9; flO; fii2m; fiw2m; fif2m; fic2m; fie2m; f6m;f7m; f8m; f9m; flOmCLOSE 15

OPEN "graphfi2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #15INPUT #15, fii2, fiw2, fif2, fic2, fie2, f6, f7, f8, f9, flO, fii2m, fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, f6m, f7m, f8m, f9m, flOm CLOSE 15

OPEN "graphs.dat" FOR INPUT AS #16INPUT #16, se!2, sem2, see2, s4, semi, seel, se!2m, sem2m,see2m, s4m, semlm, seelmCLOSE 16

OPEN "graphs2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #16PRINT #16, USING "#######.#"; se!2; sem2; see2; s4; semi;seel; se!2m; sem2m; see2m; s4m; semlm; seelmCLOSE 16

OPEN "graphs2.dat" FOR INPUT AS #16INPUT #16, se!2, sem2, see2, s4, semi, seel, se!2m, sem2m,see2m, s4m, semlm, seelmCLOSE 16

IF s!63 > S188 AND s!63 > s465 THENS7 = s!63ELSEIF s!88 > s!63 AND s!88 > s465 THENS7 = s!88ELSEIF S465 > s!63 AND s465 > s!88 THEN

S7 = s465END IF

f!7 = tflSO + lagscl + Iagsc2f!8 = tflll + Iagcw2 + lagcwlf!9 = tf303 + lagsbl + Iagsb2

s3 = s!62 + s!87 + s464

tf2 = tf373 + tf376 + tf379 tfl = tf374 + tf377 + tf380

A15- 4

Page 248: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

tf5 = tf375 + tf378 + tf381IF s!63m > s!88m AND s!63m > s465m THENS7m = sl63mELSEIF s!88m > s!63m AND s!88m > s465m THENS7m = s!88mELSEIF s465m > s!63m AND s465m > s!88m THENS7m = s465mEND IF

f!7m = tflSOm + lagscl + Iagsc2fl8m = tflllm + Iagcw2 + lagcwlf!9m = tf303m + lagsbl + Iagsb2

s3m = s!62m + s!87m + s464m

tf2m = tf373m + tf376m + tf379m tflm = tf374m + tf377m + tf380m

tfSm = tf375m + TF378M + tf381m

cvb = (nofloor - 2) * 2

CALL durn(s5, s6, s!63, s!88, s465, Fll, F12, f!3, F14, dayra, ib!69, ib!61, b!69, b!61, fii2, fiw2, fif2, fic2, fie2, se!2/ sem2, see2, tf243, tf286, tf303, tf28, tf71, tflll, tf!49, TF176, tflSO, dur())

CALL du2(s5m, s6m, 3163m, s!88m, s465m, Film, F12m, f!3m, F14m, dayram, ib!69m, ib!61m, b!69m, b!61m, fii2m, fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, se!2m, sem2m, see2m, tf243m, tf286m, tf303m, tf28m, tf71m, tflllm, tf!49m, TF176M, tflSOm, DURM())

CALL lagiidtlr, Irlb, Iblt, Itlc, flf2, f2f3, lagsifo, lagfogr, laggrfir, lagcwsbl, lagsbsl, Iagcw2, lagcwl, lagsbl, Iagsb2, lagscl, Iagsc2, laglaro, lagnfbb, lagi, Irlbl, lagra, lain, lawa, lafl, lace, laex, lali, lame, lael, lagO)

CALL lagiim(ltlrm, Irlbm, Ibltm, Itlcm, flf2m, f2f3m, lagsifom, lagfogrm, laggrfirm, lagcwsblm, lagsbslm, Iagcw2m, lagcwlm, lagsblm, Iagsb2m, lagsclm, Iagsc2m, laglarom, lagnfbbm, lagim, Irlblm, lagram, lainm, lawam, laflm, lacem, laexm, lalim, lamem, laelm, lagmO)

CALL diffKsS, s6, s!63, s!88, s465, Fll, F12, f!3, F14, dayra, ib!69, ib!61, b!69, b!61, s5m, s6m, s!63m, s!88m, s465m, Film, F12m, f!3m, F14m, dayram, ib!69m, ib!61m, b!69m, b!61m, DIFFO)

CALL diff2(fii2, fiw2, fif2, fic2, fie2, se!2, sem2, see2, tf243, tf286, tf303, tf28, tf71, tflll, tf!49, TF176, tflSO, fii2m, fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, se!2m, sem2m, see2m, tf243m, tf286m, tf303m, tf28m, tf71m, tflllm, tf!49m, TF176M, tflSOm, DIFFO)

CALL xyy(dur(), lagO, X(), Y(), nofloor, NOF, NOF1, PR)

CALL XYYM(DURM() , lagmO, XM () , YM () , nofloor, NOFm, NOFlm, prM)

A15- 5

Page 249: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

CALL ratioKsl, s2, s!62, s!87, s464, fl, f2, f3, f4, costra, ib219, ib217, b219, b217, slm, s2m, 5162m, s!87m, 5464m, flm, f2m, f3m, f24m, cl, ib219m, ib217m, b219m, b217m, DIFF(), ratio (), indactO, indactmO, dir())

CALL ratio2(f6, f7, f8, f9, flO, s4, semi, seel, tf374, tf377, tf380, tf373, tf376, tf379, tf375, tf378, tf381, f6m, f7m, f8m, f9m, flOm, s4m, semlm, seelm, tf374m, tf377m, tf380m, tf373m, tf376m, tf379m, tf375m, TF378M, tf381m, DIFFO, ration, indactm(), indact () , dir(), nofloor)

OPEN "opt4.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #21 PRINT §21, PR, prM CLOSE 21

OPEN "opt4a.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #21 PRINT #21, PR CLOSE 21

OPEN "EMEL.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #7FOR I = 1 TO 9 * nofloor + 20PRINT #7, X(I), Y(I), XM(I), YM(I), ratio(I)NEXTCLOSE (7)

OPEN "opt2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #19'first (x)'s'FOR I = 1 TO 32PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; 0NEXTFOR I = 1 TO 6 * nofloor - 5PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; 0NEXT

FOR I = 1 TO 10PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(I)NEXTFOR I = 11 TO 14PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(I) / 5NEXTFOR I = 15 TO 26PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(I)NEXTPRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(27)PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(27)FOR I = 29 TO 31PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio (I)NEXT

FOR I = 1 TO nofloor - 1 FOR ii = 1 TO 3PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(22 + ii) NEXTPRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(26) PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(27) PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(27) NEXTPRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio(23) FOR I = 1 TO 3 * (nofloor - 2)

A15- 6

Page 250: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #19, NEXT

USING "####.##"; 0

FOR I = 1 TO nofloor - 2PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio (29)PRINT #19, USING "####.##»; ratio (30)PRINT #19, USING "####.##"; ratio (31)NEXTPRINT #19, USING "####.##»; 0CLOSE 19

OPENFOR IPRINTNEXTPRINTCLOSE

"dir.dat" FOR = 1 TO 31 #17, dir(I)

OUTPUT AS #17

#17, 17

0

OPEN "durn.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #17FOR I = 1 TO 31PRINT #17, dur(I)NEXTPRINT #17, 0CLOSE 17

OPEN "durm.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #17FOR I = 1 TO 31PRINT #17, DURM(I)NEXTCLOSE 17

OPEN "lagaa.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #17FOR I = 1 TO 29PRINT #17, lagm(I) ,NEXTCLOSE #17

OPEN "nof .dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #17 PRINT #17, NOF, NOF1, NOFm, NOFlra CLOSE #17

OPEN "tott2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #7PRINT #7, PRPRINT #7, prMPRINT #7, projdirPRINT #7, projdirmPRINT #7, INDIRECTPRINT #7, INDIRECTMPRINT #7, totcoPRINT #7, totcomCLOSE 7, 17, 8, 10, 18CHAIN "c:\opt\opt2"END

A15- 7

Page 251: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB diffl (s5, s6, s!63, s!88, s465, Fll, F12, f!3, F14, dayra, ib!69, ib!61, b!69, b!61, s5m, s6m, s!63m, s!88m, s465m, Film, F12m, f!3m, F14m, dayram, ib!69m, ib!61m, b!69m, bl61m, DIFFO ) STATIC

DIFF(l) = DIFF(2) = DIFFO) : DIFF(4) = DIFF(5) = DIFF(6) = DIFF(7) = DIFF(8) : DIFF(9) ' DIFF(IO) DIFF(ll) DIFF(12) DIFF(13) DIFF(14)

s 5 - s 5ms 6 - s 6ms!63 - s!63ms!88 - s!88ms465 - s465mFll - FilmF12 - F12mf!3 - f!3mF14 - F14m

= dayra - dayram - ib!69 - ib!69m = ib!61 - ibl61m = b!69 - b!69m = b!61 - bl61m

FOR I = 1 TO 14IF DIFF(I) <> CINT(DIFFd) ) THENDIFF(I) = CINT(DIFFd) )END IFNEXT

END SUB

A15- 8

Page 252: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB diff2 (fii2, fiw2, fif2, fic2, fie2, se!2, sem2, see2, tf243, tf286, tf303, tf28, tfVl, tflll, tf!49, TF176, tflSO, fii2m / fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, se!2m, sem2m, see2m, tf243m, tf286m, tf303m, tf28m, tf71m, tflllm, tfl49m, TF176M, tflSOm, DIFFO) STATIC

DIFF(15) DIFF(16) DIFF(17) DIFF(18) DIFF(19)DIFF(20)DIFF(21)DIFF(22)DIFF(23)DIFF(24)DIFF(25)DIFF(26)DIFF(27)DIFF(28)DIFFC29)DIFF(30)DIFF(31)

= fii2 - = fiw2 - = fif2 - = fic2 - = fie2 -= se!2 -= sem2 -= see2 -= tf243= tf286= tf303= tf28 -= tf71 -= tflll= tf!49= TF176= tflSO

fii2m f iw2m fif2m fic2m fie2mse!2msem2msee2m

- tf243m- tf286m- tf303mtf28mtf71m

- tflllm- tf!49m- TF176M- tflSOm

FOR I = 15 TO 31IF DIFF(I) <> CINT(DIFFd) )DIFF(I) = CINT(DIFFd) )END IFNEXTEND SUB

THEN

A15- 9

Page 253: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB du2 (s5m, s6m, s!63m, s!88m, s465m, Film, F12m, f!3m, F14m, dayram, ib!69m, ib!61m, b!69m, b!61m, fii2m, fiw2m, fif2m, fic2m, fie2m, se!2m, sem2m, see2m, tf243m, tf286m, tf303m, tf28m, tf71m, tflllm, tf!49m, TF176M, tflSOm, DURM()

DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM DURM

(1) =(2) =(3) =(4) =(5) =(6) =(7) =(8) =(9) =(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)

s5ms6ms!63ms!88ms465mFilmF12mf!3mF14m

= dayram = ib!69m = ib!61m = b!69m = bl61m = fii2m = fiw2m = fif2m = fic2m = fie2m = se!2m = sem2m = see2m = tf243m = tf286m = tf303m = tf28m = tf71m = tflllm = tf!49m = TF176M = tflSOm

FOR I = 1 TO 31IF DURM (I) - INKDURMDURM (I) = INKDURM (I) )END IFNEXT

I) ) <>+ 1

0 THEN

END SUB

A15- 10

Page 254: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB durn (s5, s6, s!63, s!88, s465, Fll, F12, f!3, F14, dayra, ib!69, ib!61, b!69, b!61, fii2, fiw2, fif2, fic2, fie2, se!2, sem2, see2, tf243, tf286, tf303, tf28, tf71, tflll, tf!49, TF176, tflSO, dur())

dur(l) = s5 dur(2) = s6 dur(3) = s!63 dur(4) = s!88 dur(5) = s465 dur(6) = Fll dur(7) = F12 dur(8) = f!3 dur(9) = F14 dur(10) = dayra dur(ll) = ib!69 dur(12) = ib!61 dur(13) = b!69 dur(14) = b!61 dur(15) = fii2 dur(16) = fiw2 dur(17) = fif2 dur(18) = fic2 dur(19) = fie2 dur(20) = se!2 dur(21) = sem2 dur(22) = see2 dur(23) = tf243 dur(24) = tf286 dur(25) = tf303 dur(26) = tf28 dur(27) = tf71 dur(28) = tflll dur(29) = tf!49 dur(30) = TF176 dur(31) = tflSO

FOR I = 1 TO 31IF dur (I) - INT(durd)) <> 0 THENdur(I) - INT(dur(I)) + 1END IFNEXT

END SUB

A15- 11

Page 255: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB lagii (Itlr, Irlb, Iblt, Itlc, flf2, f2f3, lagsifo, lagfogr, laggrfir, lagcwsbl, lagsbsl, Iagcw2, lagcwl, lagsbl, Iagsb2, lagscl, Iagsc2, laglaro, lagnfbb, lagi, Irlbl, lagra, lain, lawa, lafl, lace, laex, lali, lame, lael, lagO) STATIC

lag(l) = Itlr lag(2) = Irlb lag(3) = Irlb lag(4) = Irlb lag(5) = Irlbl lag(6) = lagsifo lag(7) = flf2 lag(8) = f2f3 lag(9) = lagfogr lag(10) = laggrfir lag(11) = lagcwsbl lag(12) = lagsbsl lag(13) = lagi lag(14) = lagnfbb lag(15) = Iagcw2 lag(16) = lagcwl lag(17) = lagsbl lag(18) = Iagsb2 lag(19) = lagscl lag(20) = Iagsc2 lag(21) = lain lag(22) = lawa lag(23) = lafl lag(24) = lace lag(25) = laex lag(26) = lali lag(27) = lame lag(28) = lael lag(29) = lagra

FOR I = 1 TO 29IF lag(I) - INT(lagd)) <> 0 THENlag (I) = INT(lagd) ) + 1END IFNEXT

END SUB

A15- 12

Page 256: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB lagiim (Itlrm, Irlbm, Ibltm, Itlcm, flf2m, f2f3m, lagsifom, lagfogrm, laggrfirm, lagcwsblm, lagsbslm, Iagcw2m, lagcwlm, lagsblm, Iagsb2m, lagsclm, Iagsc2m, laglarom, lagnfbbm, lagim, Irlblm, lagram, lainm, lawam, laflm, lacem, laexm, lalim, lamem, laelm, lagm()) STATIClagm(l) :lagm{2) :lagm(3) :lagm(4) :lagm(5) :lagm(6) :lagm(7) =lagm(8) :lagm(9) :lagm(10)lagm(ll)lagm(12)lagm(13)lagm(14)lagm(15)lagm(16)lagm(17)lagm(18)lagm(19)lagm(20)lagm(21)lagm(22)lagm(23)lagm(24)lagm(25)lagm(26)lagm(27)lagm(28)lagm(29)

ItlrmIrlbmIrlbmIrlbmIrlblmlagsifomflf2mf2f3mlagfogrm

= laggrfirm = lagcwsblm = lagsbslm = lagim = lagnfbbm = Iagcw2m = lagcwlm = lagsblm = Iagsb2m = lagsclm = Iagsc2m = lainm = lawam = laflm = lacem = laexm = lalim = lamem = laelm = lagram

FOR I = 1 TO 29IF lagm(I) - INT(lagm(I)lagm(I) = INT(lagmd) ) +END IFNEXT

00 THEN

END SUB

A15- 13

Page 257: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB ratiol (si, s2, s!62, s!88, s465, fl, f2, f3, f4, costra, ib219, ib217, b219, b217, slm, s2m, s!62m, s!88m, s465m, flm, f2m, f3m, f4m, cl, ib219m, ib217m, b219m, b217m, DIFFO, ratio (), indact(), indactm(), dir()) STATIC

IF DIFF(l) <= .1 THENratio(l) = 0ELSEratio(l) = ((slm -si)) / DIFF(l)END IFdir(l) = siIF DIFF(2) <= .1 THENratio(2) = 0ELSEratio(2) = ((s2m - s2)) / DIFF(2)END IFdir{2) = s2IF DIFFO) <= .1 THENratio(3) = 0ELSEratio (3) = ( (s!62m - s!62) ) / DIFFO)END IFdir(3) = s!62IF DIFF(4) <= .1 THENratio(4) = 0ELSEratio(4) = ((sl88m - s!88)) / DIFF(4)END IFdir(4) = s!88IF DIFF(5) <= .1 THENratio(5) = 0ELSEratio(5) = ((s465m - s465)) / DIFF(5)END IFdir(5) = s465IF DIFF(6) <= .1 THENratio(6) = 0ELSEratio(6) = ((flm - fl)) / DIFF(6)END IFdir(6) = flIF DIFF(7) <= .1 THENratio(7) = 0.ELSEratio(7) = ((f2m - f2)) / DIFF{7)END IFdir(7) = f2IF DIFF(8) <= .'1 THENratio(8) = 0ELSEratio(8) = ((f3m - f3)) / DIFF(8)END IFdir(8) = f3IF DIFFO) <= .1 THENratioO) = 0ELSEratioO) = ((f4ra - f4) ) / DIFFO)END IFdir(9) = f4

A15- 14

Page 258: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF DIFF(IO) <= .1 THENratio(lO) = 0ELSEratio(lO) = ((cl - costra)) / DIFF(IO)END IFdir(10) = clIF DIFF(ll) <= .1 THENratio(ll) = 0ELSEratio(ll) = ((ib219m - ib219)) / DIFF(ll)END IFdir(ll) = ib219IF DIFF(12) <= .1 THENratio(12) = 0ELSEratio(12) = ((ib217m - ib217)) / DIFF(12)END IFdir(12) = ib217IF DIFF(13) <= .1 THENratio(13) = 0ELSEratio (13) = ((b219m - b219)) / DIFF(13)END IFdir(13) = b219IF DIFF(14) <= .1 THENratio(14) = 0ELSEratio(14) = ((b217m - b217)) / DIFF(14)END IFdir(14) = b217END SUB

A15- 15

Page 259: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB ratio2 (f6, f7, f8, f9, flO, s4, semi, seel, tf374, tf377, tf380, tf373, tf376, tf379, tf375, tf378, tf381, f6m, f7m, f8m, f9m, flOm, s4m, semlm, seelm, tf374m, tf377m, tf380m, tf373m, tf376m, tf379m, tf375m, TF378M, tf381m, DIFFO, ratio (), indact () , indactmO, dir(), nofloor) STATIC

IF DIFF(15) <= ratio(15) = 0 ELSEratio(15) = (( END IF dir(15) = f6 IF DIFF(16) <= ratio(16) = 0 ELSEratio(16) = ( END IF dir(16) = f7 IF DIFF(17) <= ratio (17) = 0 ELSEratio(17) = (( END IF dir(17) = f8 IF DIFF(18) <= ratio(18) = 0 ELSEratio(18) = (( END IF dir(18) = f9 IF DIFF(19) <= ratio(19) = 0 ELSEratio (19) = (( END IFdir(19) = flO IF DIFF(20) <= ratio(20) = 0 ELSEratio(20) = ( END IF dir(20) = s4 IF DIFF(21) <= ratio (21) = 0 ELSEratio(21) = (( END IFdir(21) = semi IF DIFF(22) <= ratio (22) = 0 ELSEratio(22) = (( END IFdir(22) = seel IF DIFF(23) <= ratio (23) = 0 ELSEratio(23) = (( END IF

.1

f6m

.1

f7m

.1

f8m

.1

f9m

.1

flOm

.1

s4m

THEN

- f6) ) /

THEN

- f7)) /

THEN

- f8)) /

THEN

- f9)) /

THEN

- flO) )

THEN

- s4) ) /

' DIFF(15)

' DIFF(16)

' DIFF(17)

t DIFFU8)

i / DIFF(19

1 DIFF(20)

.1 THEN

semlm - semi) ) / DIFF(21)

.1 THEN

seelm - seel) ) / DIFF(22

. 1 THEN

tf374m - tf374 DIFF(23;

A15- 16

Page 260: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

dir(23) = tf374IF DIFF(24) <= .1 THENratio(24) = 0ELSEratio(24) = ((tf377m - tf377)) / DIFF(24)END IFdir(24) = tf377IF DIFF(25) <= .1 THENratio(25) = 0ELSEratio(25) = ((tf380m - tf380)) / DIFF(25)END IFdir(25) = tf380IF DIFF(26) <= .1 THENratio(26) = 0ELSEratio(26) = ((tf373m - tf373)) / DIFF(26)END IFdir(26) = tf373IF DIFF(27) <= .1 THENratio(27) = 0ELSEratio(27) = ((tf376m - tf376)) / DIFF(27)END IFdir(27) = tf376IF DIFF(28) <= .1 THENratio(28) = 0ELSEratio(28) = ((tf379m - tf379)) / DIFF(28)END IFdir(28) = tf379IF DIFF(29) <= .1 THENratio(29) = 0ELSEratio(29) = ((tf375m - tf375)) / DIFF(29)END IFdir(29) = tf375

IF DIFF(30) <= .1 THENratio(30) = 0ELSEratio(30) = ((TF378M - tf378)) / DIFF(30)END IFdir(30) = tf378IF DIFF(31) <= .1 THENratio(31) = 0ELSEratio(31) = ((tf381m - tf381)) / DIFF(31)END IFdir(31) = tf381FOR I = 1 TO nofloor -'slab'IF DIFF(23)ratio (26 +ELSEratio(26 +END IF

<=(I)

(I)

.1 THEN* 6) =

* 6) =

0

( ;tf374m - tf374)) / DIFF(23)

A15- 17

Page 261: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

IF DIFF(24) <= .1 THENratio(27 + (I) * 6) = 0ELSEratio(27 + I * 6) = ((tf377m - tf377)) / DIFF(24)END IFIF DIFF(25) <= .1 THENratio(28 + (I) * 6) = 0ELSEratio(28 + I * 6) = ((tf380m - tf380)) / DIFF(25)END IF1 COLUMN'IF DIFF(27) <= .1 THENratio(30 + (I) * 6) = 0ELSEratio(30 + I * 6) = ((tf376m - tf376)) / DIFF(27)END IFIF DIFF(26) <= .1 THENratio(29 + (I) * 6) = 0ELSEratio(29 + I * 6) = ((tf373m - tf373)) / DIFF(26)END IFIF DIFF(28) <= .1 THENratio(31 + (I) * 6) = 0ELSEratio (31 + I * 6) = ((tf379m - tf379)) / DIFF(28)

END IFNEXT'ROOF SLAB 'IF DIFF(23) <= .1 THENratio(26 + nofloor * 6) = 0ELSEratio(26 + nofloor * 6) = ((tf374m - tf374)) / DIFF(23)END IF

'brick/block, finishes,service'

1 STAIRCASES'FOR I = 1 TO nofloor - 2IF DIFF(29) <= .1 THENratio(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) = 0ELSEratio(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) = ((tf375m - tf375)) / DIFF(29)

END IFIF DIFF(30) <= .1 THENratio(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) = 0ELSEratio (27 + nofloor * 6 + I) = ((TF378M - tf378) ) / DIFF(30)

END IFIF DIFF(31) <= .1 THENratio(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) = 0ELSEratio(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) = ((tf381m - tf381)) / DIFF(31)

END IF NEXT END SUB

A15- 18

Page 262: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB xyy STATIC

(dur lag(), X(), Y(), nofloor, NOF, NOF1, PR)

X(2) = X(3) = X(4) = X(5) = FOR I

NEXT

0dur(1) X(l) + X(2) + X(2) + X(2) +

= 6 TO X(I - X(I) +

lag(l)lag(2)lag(3)lag(4)

9 1) + lagddur(I)

FOR I = 2 TO 9Y(I) = X(I) + dur (I)NEXT

XXXXXXXXXXXX

(23)(24)(25)(27)(26)(28)(29)(30)(31)(29)(30)(31)

============

XXXXXXXXXXXX

(9) +(23) H(24) H(23) H(27) H(26) H(23) H(29) H(30) H(23) H(29) H(30) H

lag (9- lag(- lag{- lag(- lag(r lag(- lag(- lag(- lag(r lag(- lag(r lag(

)17)18)10)15)16)12)19)20)12)19)20)

- i;

'SLABS'FOR IX(26 HY(26 HX(27 HY(27 HX(28 HY(28 H

= 1 TOH (H (h I

- (- I

- (

I)I)

•*•

I)*

I)

**6)*6)*

nofloor -6)6)

=6)

=6)

==X=X=

X(X(

(26X(

(27X(

27)26

+27

+28

1+

+ II *+ II *+ I

lag*6)*6)*

(16)

+6)

+6)

1)+1+1+

* I + lagdur (23)

lag(17)dur(24)

lag(18)dur(25)

101 (I - 1)

' COLUMN'X(30Y(30X(29Y(29X(31Y(31NEXT

++++++

I *d)I *d)I *(I)

6)*6)*6)*

-6)

=6)

=6)

X=X=Xr=

(26 +X(30

(30 +X(29

(29 +X(31

6+I+I+

*I*I*I

I)*6)*6)*

+6)

+6)

+6)

lagdO)+ dur (27)lag(15)+ dur (26)lag(16)+ dur (28)

* 6) = X(26 + nofloor * 6) X(10) = X(26 + (nofloor * 6) ) + lag(29) Y(10) =X(10) + dur (10)

•brick/block, finishes, service' IF NOF = 1 THEN

A15- 19

lag(ll) * nofloor + lag(10)

dur (23)

Page 263: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

X(13) =X(14) =ELSEX(13) =X{14) =END IFX(15) =X(16) =X(17) =X(18) =X(19) =X(20) =X(21) =X(22) =FOR I =Y(I) =NEXT

X(23)X(23)

X(26 HX(26 H

X(13)X(13)X(13)X(13)X(13)X(13)X(13)X(13)11 TO

X(I) +

+ lag(14)+ lag(14)

H (NOF - 1) * 6) + lag(14)f- (NOF - 1) * 6) + lag(14)

+ lag(21)+ lag(22)+ lag(23)+ lag{24)+ lag(25)+ lag(26)+ lag(27)+ lag(28)31dur ( I )

'STAIRCASES 1 = 1X(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) = YY(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XX(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XY(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XX(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XY(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XFOR I = 2 TO nofloor - 2X(28 + nofloor * 6 + 3 * I- 5)Y(28 + nofloor * 6 + 3 * I- 4) + dur(29)X(29 + nofloor * 6 + 3 * I- 4) + lag(19)Y(29 + nofloor * 6 + 3 * I- 4) + dur (30)X(30 + nofloor * 6 + 3 * I- 4) + lag(20)Y(30 + nofloor * 6 + 3 * I- 4) + dur (31)NEXT

1 STAIRCASE- INT . BLOCK-BRICKIF NOF1 = 1 THENX(ll) = X(29) + lag(13)X(12) = X(29) + lag(13)Y(ll) = X(ll) + dur (11)Y(12) = X(12) + dur (12)ELSEX(ll) = X(26 + nofloor * 6X(12) = X(26 + nofloor * 6Y(ll) = X(ll) + dur (11)Y(12) = X(12) + dur (12)END IFFOR I = 1 TO 9 * nofloor +IF Y(I) > PR THENPR = Y(I)END IFNEXTEND SUB

(31)(26 +(26 +(27 +(27 +(28 +

- 4) =

- 4) =

- 4) =

- 4) =

- 4) =

- 4) =

i

+ NOF1+ NOF1

21

nofloornofloornofloornofloornofloor

Y(28 +

X(28 +

X(28 +

X(29 +

X(29 +

X(30 +

- 1) +- 1) +

* 6+1) + dur (29)* 6 + I) + lag(19)* 6 + I) + dur (30)* 6 + I) + lag(20)* 6 + I) + dur (31)

nofloor * 6 + 3 *

nofloor * 6 + 3 *

nofloor * 6 + 3 *

nofloor * 6 + 3 *

nofloor * 6 + 3 *

nofloor * 6 + 3 *

lag(13)lag(13)

I

I

I

I

I

I

A15- 20

Page 264: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB XYYM (DURM( prM) STATIC

lagm(), XM{), YM (} , nofloor, NOFm, NOFlm,

XM(1) = YM(1) = XM(2) = XM{3) = XM(4) = XM(5) =FOR I =XMYM

(I) =(I) =

= 0 = DURM(l) : XM(1) + XM(2) + XM(2) + XM(2) +

lagmd lagm (2 lagm (3 lagm (4

|6 TO 9XM(XM(

I - 1I) +

) + lagm(IDURMd )

- 1)

NEXT

FOR I =YM d) =

2 TO 9XM( I) + DURMd )

NEXT

XMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXM

(23)(24)(25)(27)(26)(28)(29)(30)(31)(29)(30)(31)

=i========s

===

XMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXMXM

(9) +(23)(24)(23)(27)(26)(23)(29)(30)(23)(29)(30)

lagm{+ lagm+ lagm+ lagm+ lagm+ lagm+ lagm+ lagm

9)(17)(18)(10)(15)(16)(12)(19)

+ lagm(20)+ lagm+ lagm

(12)(19)

+ lagm(20)

'SLABS'

FOR I =XMYMXMYMXMYM

(26 +(26 +(27 +(27 +(28 +(28 +

1 COLUMNXMYMXMYMXMYM

(30 +(30 +(29 +(29 +(31 +(31 +

1(IIIII

t

IIIIII

TO nofloor -I)*****

******

* 6)6) =6) =6) =6) =6) =

6) =6) =6) =6) =6) =6) =

1= XM(27) HXM(26XM(26XM(27XM(27XM(28

XM(26XM(30XM(30XM(29XM(29XM(31

+ I+ I+ I+ I+ I

+ 6+ I+ I+ I+ I+ I

- lagm(* 6) +* 6) +* 6) +* 6) +* 6) +

* I) +* 6) +* 6) +* 6) +* 6) +* 6) +

ID *DURMlagmDURMlagmDURM

lagmDURM

I(23(17(24(18

+))))

(25)

(10(27

))

lagm(15)DURMlagmDURM

(26)(16)(28)

lagm(lO) * (I - 1)

NEXT

'ROOF SLAB AND ASPHALT 1XM(26 + nofloor * 6) = XM(27* (nofloor - 1)YM(26 + nofloor * 6) = XM(26 + nofloor * 6)

XM(10) = XM(26 -t- (nofloor * 6) ) + lagm(29)

YM(10) = XM(10) + DURM(IO)

+ lagm(ll) * nofloor -t- lagm(10)

-t- DURM(23)

'brick/block, finishes, service 1 IF NOFm = 1 THEN XM{13) =XM(23) + lagm(14) XM(14) = XM(23) + lagm(14)

A15- 21

Page 265: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

ELSEXM(13)XM(14)END IFXM(15)XM(16)XM(17)XM(18)XM(19)XM(20)XM(21)XM(22)

FOR I =YM(I) =NEXT

= XM(26= XM(26

= XM(13)= XM(13)= XM(13)= XM(13)= XM(13)= XM(13)= XM(13)= XM(13)

11 TO 3XM ( I ) +

+ (NOFm - 1) * 6) + lagm(14)+ (NOFm - 1) * 6) + lagm{14)

-i- lagm(21)+ lagm(22)+ lagm(23)+ lagm(24)+ lagm(25)+ lagm(26)+ lagm(27)+ lagm(28)

1DURM ( I )

'STAIRCASES'1 = 1XM(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) = YM(31)YM(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XM(26'+ nofloor * 6 + I) +

DURM(29)XM(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XM(26 + nofloor * 6 + I) +

lagm(19)YM(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XM(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) +

DURM (30)XM(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XM(27 + nofloor * 6 + I) +

lagm(20)YM(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) = XM(28 + nofloor * 6 + I) +

DURM (31)FOR I = 2 TO (nofloor - 2)XM(28 + nofloor *6+3*I-4) = YM(28 + nofloor * 6 + 3 *

1-4-1)YM(28 + nofloor *6+3*I-4)= XM(28 + nofloor * 6 + 3 *

I - 4) + DURM(29)XM(29 + nofloor *6+3*I-4)= XM(28 + nofloor * 6 + 3 *

I - 4) + lagm(19)YM(29 + nofloor *6+3*I-4}= XM(29 + nofloor * 6 + 3 *

I - 4) + DURM(30)XM(30 + nofloor *6+3*I-4) = XM(29 + nofloor * 6 + 3 *

I - 4) + lagm(20)YM(30 + nofloor *6+3*I-4) = XM(30 + nofloor * 6 + 3 *

I - 4) + DURM(31)NEXT

'STAIRCASE-INT. BLOCK-BRICK'

IF NOFlm = 1 THENXM(ll) =XM(29) + lagm(13)XM(12) = XM(29) + lagm(13)YM(ll) = XM(ll) + DURM(ll)YM(12) = XM(12) + DURM(12)

ELSEXM{11) = XM(26 + nofloor * 6 + NOFlm - 1) + lagm(13)

XM(12) = XM(26 + nofloor * 6 + NOFlm - 1) + lagm(13)

YM(ll) = XM(ll) + DURM(11)YM(12) = XM(12) + DURM(12)

END IF

A15- 22

Page 266: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR I = 1 TO 9 * nofloor + 21IF YM(I) > prM THENprM = YM(I)END IFNEXTEND SUB

A15- 23

Page 267: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

OPT2

DECLARE SUB constrl (DUR!(), durm!(), lag!(), nofloor!,noflm!, stairdaym!, nofm!)DECLARE SUB constr2 (lag!(), DUR!(), projdur!, nofloor!,PROJDURM!)DECLARE SUB constn (DUR!(), durm!(), lag!(), nofloor!)DECLARE SUB constrt (DUR!(), durm!(), nofloor!)DECLARE SUB constrfs (lag(), nofloor!, DURO)DIM lag(29), durm(31), DUR(31)

OPEN "new.dat" FOR INPUT AS #1INPUT §1, newCLOSE 1IF new = 1 THENnew = 0neww = 0END IFOPEN "new.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #1PRINT §1, newPRINT #1, newwCLOSE 1

OPEN "NOOO.DAT" FOR INPUT AS #8INPUT #8, nofloorCLOSE #8OPEN "OPT4.dat" FOR INPUT AS #10INPUT #10, projdur, PROJDURMCLOSE #10OPEN "coptsifl.dat" FOR INPUT AS #5INPUT #5, dummyl, dummy2, stairday, dummy3, dummy4, stairdaymCLOSE #5OPEN "nof.dat" FOR INPUT AS #11INPUT #11, nof, nofl, nofm, noflmCLOSE #11ss = 0pp = 1OPEN "constrl.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #1OPEN "constr2.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #2OPEN "constr3.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #3OPEN "constr4.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #4OPEN "constr5.dat" FOR OUTPUT AS #5

OPEN "lagaa.dat" FOR INPUT AS #19 'lags for the mimimum duration 1

FOR i = 1 TO 29 INPUT #19, lag(i) NEXT CLOSE 19

OPEN "durn.dat" FOR INPUT AS #19FOR i = 1 TO 31INPUT #19, DUR(i)NEXTCLOSE 19

OPEN "durm.dat" FOR INPUT AS #20A15- 24

Page 268: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR i = 1 TO 31 INPUT §20, durm(i) NEXT CLOSE 20

CALL constrl(DUR() , durm(), lag(), nofloor, noflm, stairdaym, nofm)

CALL constr2 (lag() , DURO, projdur, nofloor, PROJDURM)

CALL constrfs (lagO , nofloor, DURO)

CALL constrt(DUR(), durm(), nofloor)

CALL constn(DUR(), durm() , lag 0, nofloor)

CLOSE 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

A15- 25

Page 269: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB constn (DUR(), durm{), lag(), nofloor}

'SLABS AND COLUMNS' aa = 6 * nofloor - 5 bb = aa * 2 cc = 6 * (nofloor - 2)

T = 1PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 27PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 29 TO 32 + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 34 + (6 * (T - 1) ) TO 58 + aaPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 60 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

FOR T = 2 TO nofloor - IPRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 31 + 6 * (T - 1)PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0;FOR i = 36 + 6 * (T - 1) TO 61 + 6 * (T - 1)

PRINT §5, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "W.#"; 0;FOR i = 63 + 6 * (T - 1) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

FOR T = 1 TO nofloor - 1PRINT §5, "ge";PRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 32 + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;

NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR i = 35 + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 63 + aa + (6 * (T - 1})

PRINT #5, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 65 + aa + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 62 + bb + cc

PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

A15- 26

Page 270: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #5, "le";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 63 + aa + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 65 + aa + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING' "###.#»; 0

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "###.#»; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 33 + (6 * (T - 1) )PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR i = 36 + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 64 + aa + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 66 + aa + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #5, "le";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 64 + aa + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 66 + aa + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

'COL/ WALL'

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 32 + (6 * (T - 1) )PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0;FOR i = 38 + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 63 + aa + (6 * (T - 1) )PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 65 + aa + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #5, "le";A15- 27

Page 271: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR i = lT063 + aa+ (6* (T - 1) )PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR i = 65 + aa + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 35 + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0; 0;FOR i = 38 + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 66 + aa + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR i = 68 + aa + (6 * (T - 1) ) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #5, "le";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; DUR(27) - durm(27);FOR i = 1 TO 66 + aa + (6 * (T - 1) )PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 68 + aa + (6 * (T - 1) ) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;

FOR i = 1 TO 35 + (6 * (T - 1)}PRINT #5, USING "ltttlt.lt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0;FOR i = 39 + (6 * (T - 1)) TO 65 + aa + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt5, USING -###.#"; 0;FOR i = 67 + aa + (6 * (T - 1) ) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT tt5, "le";PRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 65 + aa + (6 * (T - 1))PRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXT

A15- 28

Page 272: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0FOR i = 67 + aa + (6 * (T - 1) ) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#»; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

'ROOF SLAB 1

PRINT #5, "ge 11 ;PRINT #5, USING "###.#'•; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 36 + (6 * (nofloor -1-1)}PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0;FOR i = 41 + (6 * (nofloor - 1) - 1) TO 66 + aa + (6 *(nofloor - 1 - 1) +1)PRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 66 + aa + (6 * (nofloor - 1 - 1)) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #5, "le";PRINT §5, USING "###.#"; DUR(27) - durm(27);FOR i = 1 TO 66 + aa + (6 * (nofloor - 1 - 1) +1)PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "§##.#"; 1;FOR i = 66 + aa + (6 * (nofloor - 1) - 1) TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0

1 STAIRCASES'FOR i = 1 TO nofloor - 2IF i = 1 THENPRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; DUR(31);FOR j = 1 TO 31PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tt##.tt"; -1;FOR j = 33 TO 62 + aaPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR j = 64 + aa TO 63 + bbPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR j = 65 + bb TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

ELSEA15- 29

Page 273: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(31);FOR j = 1 TO 62 + bb + (i - 1) * 3PRINT #5, USING ''tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; -1; 1;FOR j = 65 + bb + (i - 1) * 3 TO 65 + bb + cc /2 +(i - 1)* 3PRINT §5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTIF i = nofloor - 2 THENPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1ELSEPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR j = 67 + bb + cc / 2 + (i - 1) * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0END IFEND IF

PRINT #5, "le";PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(31) - durm(31);FOR j = 1 TO 65 + bb + cc / 2 + (i-1) *3PRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTIF i = nofloor - 2 THENPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 1ELSEPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR j = 67 + bb + cc / 2 + (i-1) * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "fttttt.lt"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0END IF

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR j = lT063 + bb+ (i-1) *3PRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0; 0;FOR j = 66 + bb+ (i-1) *3T063 + bb-i-cc/2+(i-l)*3PRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR j = 65 -i- bb + cc / 2 + (i-1) * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT tt5, "le";PRINT #5, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(29) - durm(29);FOR j = !T063-i-bb4-cc/2+ (i-1) *3PRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR j = 65 + bb + cc / 2 + (i-D * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT tt5, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXT

A15- 30

Page 274: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #5, "ge";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR j = 1 TO 64 + bb + (i-1) *3PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR j=67+bb+ (i-1) *3T064 + bb + cc/2+{i-PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR j = 66 + bb + cc I 2 + (i-1) * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §5, "le";PRINT §5, USING "§##.#"; DUR(30) - durm(30);FOR j=lT064+bb+cc/2+ (i-1) *3PRINT #5, USING "#§#.§"; 0;NEXTPRINT §5, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR j = 66 -i- bb + cc / 2 + (i-1) * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

PRINT #5, "le";PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; DUR(30) - durm(30);FOR j=lT065+bb+cc/2+ (i-1) *3PRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR j = 67 + bb + cc / 2 + (i-1) * 3 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #5, USING "###.#"; 0END SUB

A15- 31

Page 275: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB constrl (DUR(), durmO, lag(), nofloor, noflm,stairdaym, nofm) STATICaa = 6 * nofloor - 5bb = aa * 2cc = 6 * (nofloor - 2)

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#'•; lag(l);PRINT #1, USING "###.#»; 0; -1; 1;FOR i = 4 TO 32 + aaPRINT #1, USING »§##.#»; Q;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 34 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(2);PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; -1; I;FOR i = 5 TO 33 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 35 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; -1; 1;FOR i = 6 TO 34 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "W.#"; 1;FOR i = 36 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "eq";PRINT #1, USING "§ttft.§"; 0;PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; -1; 1;FOR i = 7 TO 35 + aaPRINT ttl, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 37 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

'additional'PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT ttl, USING "###.#"; 0;PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; -1; 1;

A15- 32

Page 276: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR i = 8 TO 35 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 37 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(5);PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; -1; 1;FOR i = 8 TO 36 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 38 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

'additional'PRINT §1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(5);PRINT #1, USING "##§.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; -1; 1;FOR i = 8 TO 36 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 36 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT §1, USING "###.#"; lag(6);PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; -1, 1,FOR i = 9 TO 37 + aaPRINT #1, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 39 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §1, USING "W.r; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###-#"; 0

PRINT #1, "ge"; ,_PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(7);PRINT I!, USING "###.#»; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; -1; 1,FOR i = 10 TO 38 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 40 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"/ 0

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "W.r; lag(8),PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,

A15- 33

Page 277: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

o-3t:

(13 •

(0 3fc3t

H- *E

CTlCO

O53

O

rHEH

CODrH

rH

^

rH

II *

•H

EH

Oi

M X

O C£ W

fa OH 53

u o

•s. •«»

rH X

) 0

XI

s +

=

^4: =tt:

. CM

3fc U

3 =Jt

-ff- -jf-

:*fc O

3t

=

EH

E

o m o

53 iti 53

to + torH

rH

rH

*

II *

EH -H

EH•y

"r* r i

1*H

^1

tH

M as M

x os o

a: wO-i

fa

OH 53

o• V

i^t:.4fc-ft;

3fc-O53L _

|r

fto£EH53M

05

•V

o0•V

0•V

o•*.o"V

0*v

•v 0

•~- otnnj

...rH

0

0

-ft- Tfl- -ff-

. .

.* *

=«=-ft;

:$£

rft;

3t

ijfc ;#

:E

E

En

•v o O

CM IDt

53 53 53

d) J — l \ — l C5 I — i

en to to EH to_

1— . 1-^.

1—,*-

1— '

»— '

V— '

rH

rH

rH

rH

^H f^

£_, .H

EH53 53 53

53 EHM

M

M

OS

M X

cd 06 cd O c£ w

rHE^tfc.:#

:-ft-=tfcEOCODrHEH53M

tf Cu

OEH^-

nj •

n) H*3fc+ ^EO"3-

U

O| _

_ J

1 l

H

CO*3m(M

^

t-HII =*

•H H53

EHOi M

X

O ff5 W

0 O+rH

X

I 0

X)

= H

- =

~f|- -ft-

. CM

"ft-

^Q

T

ft'

=tt: nt:

=tfc O

H*

= H

S

O

(d U

53 rt 53

CO +

CO

D

DCM

rH

rH"H

1- I)

'tt •

EH -H

EH

OH

tO

PHD-i

fa

D-i

03t:•

=tfe*4

=EO53toJID*EH

EH 53

X M

W

OS

0

O

3fc zflr

. •

4fe =B=

^(: H

^:^tt=

=tt

E E

• s O n

O=

53 CM 53

tn to O to

s |D

H D

V

^ rH

•»

rH

rH

rH

EH EH -H

EH

53 53 53

M M

pi

M

OH

O5

O P

iOj cu fa O-i

oO

0

= E

Hffc

3J;

. (0

.4

t CO

:?t

=tfc ^t

^tt

4- =tfc

E E

•3*(j to O53

53

CO EH

COD

D

v CM ^

rH

rH

EH -H

EHEH

53 53

P%

' 1

PM

i — 1

W

05 O

O

i 55

O4 fa

OH

U

O

O

XJ O

X*

r +

=

~ft- =tt=

. CM

'3£ VO

=fr=8:

H^;

=lfc O

nt=

=

EH

=

O

<t3 O53

<0 53

to + toD

D

VD ^ lO

-

rH

rH

*=

I) ^=

EH -H

EHEH

53 53

X M

OS

M

W

0S O

OS

OE^ttr»^fc^tt;3fcECD1 —

(coJ3*EH

H

53W

j* L. _

1

w a;

53 OH

oE*•

=8==8=4

tE

•v CD=

53C" to

E [13

rH

rH

EH EH

M

M

OH

CM

OE=$£•:#=H

J:=

ttE

T O

CM 53O

CO

EH D

rH

x

rHII

=*=

-H

EH530^

M

O

(Z

Oo

o

£

£3&

^(r

• m •

^t

(ij ^t

3fc d,t

^Ifc H

- =tfc

E E

IT)

ID iD CD

"^ *^

<^i A

H

(^*i i jvj

1 '

CO EH

COD

!=)

^ CM -

rH

rH

=«= II *

EH -H

EH

EH 53 53

W

OH

O

OS

55 0-1

fa

OH

0u+0

XI 0

X)=

H- =

3£:

. CM

V£) H

4;*

^t

3fc O

:*':

= EH

E

CJ (d CJ5

53 <ti 53

I — I

J — \

to

H- to

D

Dr-

rH

rH

=«= II *

EH

-H

EHEH

53

53X

M

M

55 O

H fa

O

H

0E3£•^=fr4

tE053i _

jt

1

toDrH=*:

EHEH

53^jt

• __

i

W

OH

53

OH

CO

I

Page 278: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

otn=tfc

*

•» O ro tj

= 53 CM 53

<1) M

MCr> co O

co=

D H

D

O

orH

I

rd 3t -t- =tfe

EH EH

-H

EH23

53 53

EHM

M

D

i M

X

Di

Oi

O

Pi

W

53M O

CO

EH D

cn ^ rg

=»fc II

EH -H

o o

=»fc=

+

. CM

•*

D 1t^

= EH

=

O

(15 O

04O

i O

COpEHM X

Oi

WOH

53

CO +

Dv in 3t

||EH -H

M

Di

Oi

O

M

CODM

COD

EH EH

53 EH

53M

X

M

££4 PX]

OH

= 53 CM

0) M

Cn co O=

D HII•H

CO D

u u

o

=>fc

o• *

*

oo

o

o X) o

X)

•S.

"^

»V

»K

z x

s 4- =

• nj

• • (N

o

COe>

M O

CO

EHCOD

*e»CODv CM

•*

O *

EH S

m d

+

COD

oVD ^

O4

Di

OXw

EH -H

Di

O

EH53 EH M

X

O

i W

OH 53

OCO

Di

MO

Pi

DM O-i

EH XW

•Ko

<u trvco =

t>

:»=

CM 53MO

CO

EH D

EH EH

-H

EH

•«»

o

04

Pi PifX|

fit oU<

rO (0r-

O to O

MO

M

CO EH

COD

D

o

^ n

-rH

rH

EH -H

EH

X M

p

i M

W

P

i O

P

i£; 0-4 U< Ou

o u

0 ,Q

0

= + =

• CM

•3fc VD *

= EH

=

O

n3 O53

«3 53M

M

CO H-

CO•~l

*~~>I—

1 I—

'CTi

». LO

^

EH -H

EH

X

M

Di

MU

P

i O

P

i2; CU U

i Oj

=»:

CO D

fd

=tfc

Q)

CD r-MCO

O

D

EH

M

CO

X *—i

W Pi

rQ

E

H

03 53rH

M

cn oi

EH -H

53M

Ci

Pi Of\j

Jxj

o

o•X

O

CO

OM

CO

CT>

O

M

EH CO D

. n

EH H

53

**J»

1

__

J

W

Pi

!3

P-t

•H H

U

U+

X) o

ijfc O

3

t =

EH =

M

M

CO +

CO

*

H

*

HEH

53 53

Hf*r

*•—-*

Ky*

L

I /V

* 1

1 *w

*»-*•*

" '

P^>» •

* M

-* *

' ^

v

O Pi U

Pi O Pi W

JT^I Q_J

^7

(X|

[X-J £X

| /^

Page 279: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "le";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; DUR(27) - durm(27);FOR i = 1 TO 27PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0;FOR i = 34 TO 59 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 61 -i- aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

'COL (l-2)-SLAB(2)'

FOR ii = 1 TO nofloor - 2PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(11);FOR i = 1 TO 6 * ii + 30PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 1;FOR i = 6 * ii + 34 TO 6 * ii + 62 + aaPRINT §1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 6 * ii + 64 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "W.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

FOR ii = 1 TO nofloor - 2PRINT #1, "le";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; DUR(27) - durm(27);FOR i = 1 TO 6 * ii + 62 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; I/FOR i = 6 * ii + 64 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

FOR ii = 1 TO nofloor - 1PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "W.r; lag (10);FOR i = 1 TO 6 * (ii - 1) +32PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 1;FOR i = 6 * (ii - 1) + 38 TO 6 * (ii - 1) + 64 + aaPRINT #!/ USING "###.#"; 0;NEXT

A15- 36

Page 280: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 6 * (ii - 1) + 66 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

FOR ii = 1 TO nofloor - 1PRINT #1, "le";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; DUR(23) - durm(23);FOR i = 1 TO 6 * (ii - 1) + 64 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 6 * (ii - 1) + 66 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0NEXT

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT §1, USING "###.#"; lag(12);FOR i = 1 TO 29PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1; 0; 0; -1;FOR i = 34 TO 32 + aaPRINT §1, USING "#§#.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 34 + aa TO 65 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "TO.r; 1;FOR i = 67 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 29PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR i = 32 TO 60 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT §1, USING "W.r1 ; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 30PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXT

A15- 37

Page 281: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0; 0;FOR i = 33 TO 61 + aaPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 62 -t- bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT §1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; lag(29);FOR i = 1 TO 10PRINT §1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 12 TO 31 + aaPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; -1;FOR i = 33 + aa TO 62 + bbPRINT §1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 64 -t- bb TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "le";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; DUR(23) - durm(23);FOR i = 1 TO 62 + bbPRINT HI, USING "tttttt.lt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 64 -i- bb TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT ttl/ USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT ttl, "ge";PRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; lag(ll);FOR i = 1 TO 29 + aaPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; -1; 0; 1; FOR i = 33 + aa TO 60 + bb PRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1; FOR i = 62 + bb TO 62 + bb + cc PRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT ttl, "le";PRINT ttl, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(27) - durm(27);

A15- 38

Page 282: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR i = l TO 29 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0; 0;FOR i = 33 + aa TO 60 + bbPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#''; 1;FOR i = 62 + bb TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

IF noflm = 1 THENPRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(13);FOR i = 1 TO 11PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; I/FOR i = 13 TO 29PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 31 TO 60 + aaPRINT #1, USING "^#^.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1; 0;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #l, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(13);FOR i * 1 TO 12PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "W.tt"; 1;FOR i = 14 TO 29PRINT #1, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 31 TO 60 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 62 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

ELSE

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(13);FOR i * 1 TO 11PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXT

A15- 39

Page 283: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT §1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 13 TO 29PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 31 TO 60 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 63 + bb + (nofm - 2) * 3PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 65 + bb + (nofm -2) * 3 TO 62 + bb + cc + 1 - 3 *

(nofloor - 2) + 3 * (nofm - 2)PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 65 + bb + cc - (3 * nofloor - 2) + 3 * (nofm - 2) TO

62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(13);FOR i = 1 TO 12PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 14 TO 29PRINT §1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 31 TO 60 + aaPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0; 0;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 63 + bb + (nofm - 2) * 3

PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -I/FOR i = 65 -t- bb + (nofm -2) *3T062 + bb+cc+l-3*(nofloor - 2) + 3 * (nofm - 2)PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 65 + bb + cc - 3 * (nofloor - 2) + 3 * (nofm - 2) TO

62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "W.tt"; 0END IF

IF nofm = 0 THENPRINT #1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; lag(14);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT #1, USING "tttttt.^"; 0;

A15- 40

Page 284: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

It- -9TYIX3N

•'0 •'„#•###., 3NISO 'T# INIHd M 01 I = T H03

'It INIHd 'It INIHd

0 .'„#•###« DNISH 'T# INIHd1X3N

•'0 •'«#'###.. DNISH 'It INIHd oo + qq + 29 01 33 + 09 = T H03

•'I •'«#•###.. 3NISH '!# INIHdJ.X3N

'0 •'„#•###•• 3NISH 'T# INIHdqq + 8S 01 9 * ^Jou + 83 = T HOJ

/I- /„#•###„ DNISn '!# INIHdIX3N

.'0 / „#•###„ DNISn yl# iNIHd 9 ,, utjou + 93 oi SI = T HCX3 .'I .'1(§-##|f)( DNISn 'T# -INIHd

IX3N.'0 .'„#•###„ DNISH 'T# INIHd

El 01 T = T H03H)&si .'(1|f##t,1 ONISH 'T# INIHd

',,^» 'I If INIHd 3213

0 •'••#*###•• DNISn 'It INIHdXX3N

'0 ••.#'###•• DNISn 'T# J-NIHd oo + qq + 29 01 ee + 95 = T H03

•T •••#•###•• ONISH 'It INIHdIX3N

•'0 .'„#*###„ DNISn 'T# !NI>Idee + ^g oi S3 = T HOJ

•I- '„#•###„ DNISH '!# INIHdIX3N

•0 .'„#•###„ 9NISH 'T# INIHdC2 01 91 = T HO3

'I •«#'###,, ONISn '!# INIHdXX3N

•0 •'•!#•### i, 3NISH '!# INIHd frT 01 I = T H0.5

•„#'###„ 9NISH '!# INIHd •••96,, 'T# INIHd

0 .'„#•###„ DNISH yT# INI^d1X3N

•0 '„#•###„ SNISn 'T# INIHd 00 + qq + 29 01 HP + 95 = T HOi3

'I •••#•###,, 3NISH 'T# INIHd1X3N

•'0 ' „#•###„ DNISH 'It INIHdBp + frg 01 gs = T

'I- •••#•###„ DNISH 'Itt1X3N

•0 .',,#•###„ DNISH 'It INIHd C£ 01 SI = T H03

•I '„#•###•• ONISH 'It INIHd1X3N

Page 285: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 16 TO 26 + nofm * 6PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 28 + nofm * 6 TO 58 + bbPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 60 + bb TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0END IF

PRINT §1, "ge";PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 14PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 16 TO 23PRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 25 TO 54 + aaPRINT #1, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 56 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #1, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #1, USING "###.#"; 0END SUB

A15- 42

Page 286: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB constr2 (lag(), DUR(), projdur, nofloor, PROJDURM) STATIC 'Xp'aa = 6 * nofloor - 5 bb = aa * 2 cc = 6 * (nofloor - 2) PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; DUR(IO); PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1; FOR i = 2 TO 10 PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0; NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; -1; FOR i = 12 TO 41 + aa PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0; NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1; FOR i = 43 + aa TO 62 + bb + cc PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0; NEXT PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; DUR(ll);PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 11PRINT #2, USING "ttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 13 TO 42 + aaPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 44 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; DUR(12);PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 12PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2/ USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 14 TO 43 + aaPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 45 + aa TO 62 + bb -H ccPRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT tt2, USING "###.#"; DUR(15);PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;

A15- 43

Page 287: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

-STYXX3N

•'0 .'„#'###„ ONISn 'Ztt XNIHd> + qq + z°> ox SE + is = T HOJ

.'•[ .'„#•###„ DNISn 'Ztt XNIHdXX3N

•'0 •'„#•###.. SNISn 'Ztt XNIHd

t- .'„#•###„ ONISn '2# XNIHdXX3N

•'0 •'..#*###.. 3NISH '3# XNIHd81 OX 2 = T HOJ

.'T .'„#•###„ ONISn X2tt XNIHd'2# XNIHd y3# XNIHd

0 '„#*###„ DNISH y2tt XNIHdXX3N

.'0 •' „#•###„ ONISn '2# XNIHdDO + qq + 29 OX e« + 05 = T H03

'I 'nftttttt,, DNISn 'Z# XNIHdXX3N

.'0 .'„#•###„ ONISn '3tt XNIHd ^^ + 8fr OX 61 = T H0£

•I- .'„#•###„ 9NISH '2# XNIHdXX3N

•0 •••#'###•• ONISH '2# XNIHdLI OX 2 = T H03

'I -utt'ftttlt., DNISn '2# XNIHd•(LT)Hna •'„#•###„ DNISH 'Z# XNIHd

'••s6« 'Z# XNIHd

0 ?„#•###„ 3NISH 'Z# XNIHdXX3N

•0 '••#'###•• DNISn 'Z# XNIHdDO + qq + 29 OX ^e + 6fr = T HOJ

'I •••#•###„ DNISn 'Z# XNIHdXX3N

•0 • !•#•###„ ONISn 'Z# XNIHd ^^ + Lt' OX 81 = T H03

•I- •' „#'###„ ONISn '2ft XNIHdXX3N

•0 •••#*###„ ONISn 'Z# XNIHd 91 OX 2 = T H03

•I ',.#•###„ ONISn 'Z# XNIHd M9T)Hna .',,#•###„ 3NISH 'Z# XNIHd

•«9J5ii 'Z# XNIHd

0 ••!#•###„ ONISn y2tt XNIHdXX3N

•0 •',•#•###„ ONISn 'Z# XNIHd DO -i- qq + 29 OX SB + 8fr = T HOJ

•I •••#•###„ DNISH '2tt XNIHdXX3N

'0 •'„#•###„ ONISH '2ft XNIHd eB + 9^ OX LI = T H03

•T- ?„#•###„ DNISH '2ft XNIHdXX3N

•0 •'„#•###„ DNISn '2ft XNIHd GT OX 2 = T HOJ

Page 288: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #2 f USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; DUR(19);PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 19PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 21 TO 50 + aaPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 52 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; DUR(20);PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 20PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "ttftt.tt"; -1;FOR i = 22 TO 51 + aaPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 53 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #2, USING "W.tf"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "itt^.tt"; DUR(21);PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 21PRINT #2, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; -1;FOR i = 23 TO 52 + aaPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 54 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; DUR(22);PRINT #2, USING "tttt^.tt"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 22PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; -1;

A15- 45

Page 289: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR i = 24 TO 53 + aaPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 55 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §2, "ge";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; PROJDURM;PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "le";PRINT #2, USING "###.#"; projdur;PRINT #2, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #2, "le";PRINT §2, USING "###.#"; projdur;PRINT #2, USING "ttM.tt"; 1;FOR i = 2 TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §2, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #2 f USING "###.#"; 0

END SUB

A15- 46

Page 290: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB constrfs (lag(), nofloor, DUR()) STATICaa = 6 * nofloor - 5bb = aa * 2cc = 6 * (nofloor - 2)'finish service (ge)'PRINT #3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; lag(21);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 1;FOR i = 17 TO 44 + aaPRINT #3, USING "§##.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §3, "ge";PRINT §3, USING "###.#"; lag(22);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 1;FOR i=18T044+aaPRINT #3, USING "§^tt.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #3, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; lag(23);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 1;FOR i=19T044+aaPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT If3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; lag(24);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 1;FOR i=20T044+aaPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXT

A15- 47

Page 291: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46' + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; lag(25);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 1;FOR i = 21 TO 44 + aaPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#»; lag(26);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 1;FOR i = 22 TO 44 + aaPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; lag(27);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 1;FOR i=23T044+aaPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 -t- bb + ccPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT 1*3, "ge";PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; lag(28);FOR i = 1 TO 13PRINT #3, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #3, USING "###.#"; -1; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 1;

A15- 48

Page 292: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

Ln I VD

M a o en G DO

*T^

-X,

^^

fzj

f^pd

pi

pd O

pd

M X

M

pd

M

a *-3

a a

i-3

i-3

H-

i-3

;t£

^t H

:#:

00

00

00-.

•» Ji

, •»

G

G

Gen

cn

+ e

nM

M

M

a a

o> a

CD

Q 0

> CD

- *

^t o *

=8=

3fc

3t

=8=

=8=

CTl

4=

. M

.=8

= =8

= =8

:=

5 +

=

cro

o tr

i-1

X*

o n

t^

f^^

hrt

IT^

_y*j

i^J

t"ri

t^

f^J

MpdO

PdM

PdO

PdpO

XM

pdM

XM

pdM

M•-3

a a

H a

a a

,_g p

. 1-3

|_3

p.

|_3

j_3

_..

I!

|i

-^

II

— il-

7H

-

00

00

00

00

O

O

J^

^G

G

G

H G

=

cn H

cn

en o

cn

u3M

OM

M

M

O)

a a

a M

s; s

cn .£»

o

o ^

CD *•

cn* +

*

^fc

^=8

= =8

= 3t

^t

^tfc

(1)

4t

4=4

0>

=8=

:#:

^t

*3333

O

1 O

M

) — »

•«•

Q)

O

M•••

co

O

"•x« o o o 0 X

• o N •

T)

a

T3

Tl

ID

M X

M

pO

M

ana

af-3

>-3

H

- i-3

*:

|| ^f

e00

00

00

CTi

G

G

Gcn

en

+ c

nM

M

M

a a

tD a

O

O I

D O

- *

* o

^*:*=

»:

^t:

^t

<5\

^fc

• K

) •

=8=

=8=

=8=

= =

•+•

=

tro

o cr

M•«

• N

.

O n

>_y

, .

, .

^H

^J

^J

tfl p

d O

X

M p

dH

a H

H-

=»=

II00 -

MG

^en

HM

O

a CD >

e>.

"^* +

* =8=

H>•

^>^J

: 3 O ^«

Page 293: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

SUB constrt (DURO, durm(), nofloor) STATICaa = 6 * nofloor - 5bb = aa * 2cc = 6 * (nofloor - 2)PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt 11 ; DUR(l) - durm(l);FOR i = 1 TO 32 + aaPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 34 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT If4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT If4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(2) - durm(2);FOR i = 1 TO 33 + aaPRINT §4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 35 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(3) - durm(3);FOR i = 1 TO 34 + aaPRINT #4, USING "lttttf.lt"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "###.# H ; 1;FOR i = 36 -i- aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "HHtt.H"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "Mft. #"; 0

PRINT tt4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "HHII.II"; DUR(4) - durm(4);FOR i = 1 TO 35 + aaPRINT #4, USING "##H.H"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 37 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT H4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "HHIt.il"; DUR(5) - durm(5);FOR i = 1 TO 36 + aaPRINT tt4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt4, USING "tttttt.H"; 1;FOR i = 38 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT tt4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT tt4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

A15- 50

Page 294: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT ff4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "ffttft.ff"; DUR(6) - durm(6);FOR i = 1 TO 37 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "ffffff.ff"; 1;FOR i = 39 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "ffffff.ff"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "ftffff.ff"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "ffffff.ff"; DUR(7) - durm(7);

FOR i = 1 TO 38 + aaPRINT #4, USING "ffffff.ff"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "ffffff.ff"; 1;FOR i = 40 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "ffffff.ff"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "ffffff.ft"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT §4, USING "ffffff.ft"; DUR(8) - durm(8);

FOR i = 1 TO 39 + aaPRINT #4, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 41 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT If4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "TO.#"; DUR(9) - durm(9);

FOR i = 1 TO 40 + aaPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 42 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT §4, USING "###.#"; DUR(IO) - durm(10);

FOR i = 1 TO 41 + aaPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;

NEXTPRINT If4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 43 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT If4, USING "###.#"; 0;

NEXTPRINT H4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT H4, USING "Iflflf.lf"; DUR(ll) - durm(ll);

FOR i = 1 TO 42 + aaPRINT #4, USING "Iflflf.lf"; 0;

A15- 51

Page 295: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 44 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §4, "le";PRINT §4, USING "###.#"; DUR(12) - durm(12);FOR i = 1 TO 43 + aaPRINT §4, USING "##§.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 45 -i- aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(13) - durm(13);FOR i = 1 TO 44 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 46 + aa TO 62 4- bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(14) - durm(14);FOR i = 1 TO 45 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 47 -i- aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tt^tt.tt"; DUR(15) - durm(15);FOR i = 1 TO 46 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 48 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(16) - durm(16);FOR i = 1 TO 47 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;

A15- 52

Page 296: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR i = 49 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT §4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(17) - durm(17);FOR i = 1 TO 48 + aaPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt 11 ; 1;FOR i = 50 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt 11 ; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; DUR(18) - durm(18);FOR i = 1 TO 49 + aaPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 1;FOR i = 51 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT §4, USING "###.#"; DUR(19) - durm(19);FOR i = 1 TO 50 -i- aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 52 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "tt§§.tt"; DUR(20) - durm(20);FOR i = 1 TO 51 + aaPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "^#§.tt"; 1;FOR i = 53 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "W.tt"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "#tttt.tt"; DUR(21) - durm(21);FOR i = 1 TO 52 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "tttttt.lt"; 1;FOR i = 54 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT tt4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttttt.tt"; 0

A15- 53

Page 297: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(22) - durm(22);FOR i = 1 TO 53 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 55 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#»; DUR(23) - durm(23);FOR i = 1 TO 63 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 65 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 55 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 57 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT §4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 56 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 58 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "W.r1 ; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 57 + aaPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 59 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "^#^.tt"; DUR(27) - durm(27);

A15- 54

Page 298: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

FOR i = 1 TO 58 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 60 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 59 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 61 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(29) - durm(29);FOR i = 1 TO 60 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1; 0;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(30) - durm(30);FOR i = 1 TO 61 + aaPRINT #4, USING "W.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 1;FOR i = 63 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT #4, USING "###.#"; DUR(31) - durm(31);FOR i = 1 TO 62 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "tttt#.#"; 1;FOR i = 64 + aa TO 62 + bb + ccPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "W.rf ; 0

PRINT #4, "le";PRINT §4, USING "###.#"; 0;FOR i = 1 TO 62 + aaPRINT #4, USING "###.#"; 0;NEXTPRINT #4, USING "W.#"; 0;

A15- 55

Page 299: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

95 -

ens

0 .',•#*###.. DNISn 'fr# INIHd•LX3N

'0 •'„#•###.. ONISn 'H INItfdI - oo OX I = T HCX3

'I '..tt'lttttt.. ONISn 'fr# XNIHd1X3N

•'0 •'.,#•###•. ^NlSn 'fr# INIHd qq + S9 01 I = T H0.3

.'„#•###•, DNISH '^# XNIH<I',,91,, 'fr# INIHd

0 •',,#•###„ DNISn '&# INIHdXX3N

•0 •'„#•###„ DNISn '&# INIHd I - oo 01 I = T "aOJ

•I .',,#•###., 9NISn yf7§ INIHdIX3N

'0 '•,#*###•, ONISn 'fr# INIHd qq + ZB OX I = T H0.3

(es)nna •',,#•###„ ONISH '^# iwiHd'H XNIHd

0 •'„#•###„ ONISn 'fr# INIHdIX3N

•0 •„#•###„ ONISn '&# XNIHd DO + qq + Z9 01^^ + ^9=1 H0.3

Page 300: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

OPTIMUM

dimension dur(31) ,nxi(500) ,iss (500,2) ,c (500,500) ,EE(500)real m,ggg,hindir,dirtot,dirtotm,new_bbreal cost_increase,new_ind ,new_indl,new_total,ind_decdouble precision B(1000),A(1000,1000),XX,xm,zcm,ckreal d(1000),icj(1000),ratio(1000),mustif,old_dirreal dir(31),cost_incr(32),tol,cv,nofloorlINTEGER t, k ,jm,n,ul,TA,new_b,gfa,f,tut,1m,nofloorINTEGER II,ITERcharacter*! kode(500), emel(2)data emel/'l','g'/NPR=0cost_increase=0.0tol =0.00001cv=1000.0iter=0lm=0tut = 0open (7,file='new.dat',status='old')read (7,*) new_bread(7,*) new_bbclose (7)if (new_b .eq.O) thenopen (ll,file=' projco.dat',status='old 1 )write(11,*) 0write (11,*) 1close (11)open (8,file='data.dat',status='old')elseopen (8,file='data.dat',status='old')do 10 i=l,10000read (8,'(/)',end=999)

10 continue 999 backspace (unit=8)

endifopen (7,file='nooo.dat',status='old')read (7,*) nofloorlclose (7)nofloor=int(nofloorl)open (17,file='tott2.dat',status='old 1 )read (17,*) prread (17,*) prmread (17,*) dirtotread (17,*) dirtotmread (17,*) hindirclose (17)kod=lknt = 0aa=6*nofloor-5bb=2*aa

A 15-57

Page 301: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

cc=6*(nofloor-2) c 'n=number of variables, m=number of constraints'

n=18*NOFLOOR+41m=17*NOFLOOR+58+4*nofloor-8+3+3murti=4*nofloor-8+3+3

open (22,file='opt2.dat',status='old 1 ) 522 format (f!5.2/)

do 709 jj=l,nbackspace (unit=22,iostat=i,err=1901)read (22,522) d(jj)ratio(jj)=d(jj)

709 continue 1901 close (22)

close(24)close (23)nl=nnn=nml=m+l

open(10,file='constrl.dat',status='old 1 ,form='formatted 1 )open (23,file='dd.dat',status='old 1 ,form='formatted')

33 format (50(al,Ix,f5.I/))do 811 k=2,26+murtikk=kbackspace (unit=10,iostat=i,err=8901)read (10,33) kode(kk),gggb(kk)=gggwrite (23,33) kode(kk),b(kk)

811 continueclose (10)

8901 open(10,file='constrl.dat',status='old',form='formatted 1 ) 34 format (50(7x,500f5.I/))

backspace (unit=10,iostat=i,err=901)do 9011 k=2,26+murtiread(10,34)(c(k,jj),jj=l,N)

9011 continue 901 if (i.gt.26+murti) then

close (10)endif

open (12,file='constr3.dat',status='old',form='formatted' do 815 mu=l,8 mku=mu+26+murtibackspace (unit=12,iostat=i,err=3901) read (12,33) kode(mku),ggg b(mku)=ggg

815 continueclose (12)

3901 open(12,file='constr3.dat',status='old' , form='formatted') 64 format (50(7x,500f5.I/))

A 15-58

Page 302: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

backspace (unit=12,iostat=i,err=301)t=26+murtido 3011 ml=l,8read(12,64)(c(ml+t,jj),jj=l,N)

3011 continue 301 if (i.gt.8) then

close (12)endif

open (13,file='constr4.dat',status='old',form='formatted')do 818 uu=l,33muu=uu+34+murtibackspace (unit=13,iostat=i,err=490l)read (13,33) kode(muu),gggb(muu)=ggg

818 continue 4901 close (13)

open (13,file='constr4.dat 1 ,status='old',form='formatted 1 )backspace (unit=13,iostat=i,err=401)t=34+murtido 4011 ul=l,33read(13,64)(c(ul+t,jj),jj=l,N)

4011 continue 401 if (i.gt.33) then

close (13)endif

open (13,file='constrS.dat',status='old',form='formatted')663 format (319(al,Ix,f5.I/))664 format (319(7x,500f5.I/))

do 8108 uuu=l,(17*NOFLOOR-21)mcu=uuu+67+murtibackspace (unit = 13,iostat = i, err=5901)read (13,663) kode(mcu),glggb(mcu)=gigg

8108 continueclose (13)

5901 open(13,file='constrS.dat',status='old' , form='formatted 1 )backspace (unit=13,iostat=i,err=17901)ta=67+murtido 54011 ul=l,(17*nofloor-21)read(13,664)(c(ul+ta,jj),jj=l,N)

54011 continue 17901 if (i.gt. ((17*nofloor-21))) then

close (13)endif

open (11,file='constr2.dat 1 ,status='old',form='formatted 1 )do 813 ku=l,13kku=ku+57+(17*NOFLOOR-21)+murtibackspace (unit=ll,iostat=i,err=2901)read (11,33) kode(kku),ggg

A 15-59

Page 303: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

b (kku) =gggif ( (new_b .eq. 1) . and. (ku. eq. 13) ) thenb (kku) =new_bb

c 'b(kku)=pr-ff 'endif

813 continue

close (11)2901 open ( 11, f ile= 'constr2 . dat ' , status='old' , form= 'formatted' ) 54 format (50 (7x, 500f 5 . I/) )

backspace (unit=ll, iostat=i, err=201)t=57+ (17*NOFLOOR-21) +murtido 2011 kl=l,13read (11, 54) (c(kl+t, jj) , jj=l,N)

2011 continue 201 if (i.gt.13) then

close (11)endifclose (23)

do 331 i=l,n il=i+knt iss (i, 1) =il iss (i, 2) =0 icj (il)=d(i) do 332 12=2, ml

332 continue

331 continue

do 410 i= 2, mlif (ichar (kode(i) ) .ne.ichar (emel(2))) THEN goto 410 ENDIF n=n+l a(i,n)=-l

410 continue av=0

do 420 i=2,mln=n+la(i,n)=lnxi ( i ) =nif ( ichar (kode (i) ) . eq. ichar (emel (1) )) THENgoto 420 ENDIF av=licj (n) =cv

420 continue

print *,b(kku)iter=0if (iter .eq. 0) THEN

A 15-60

Page 304: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

goto 4444 ENDIF

4444 nl =

43 if ( (n2-n) .le.O) then goto 45 endif n2=n

45 do 5500 j=nl,n2if ( (n2-n) .ge.O) THENgoto 5500ENDIFnl=nl+6n2=n2+6goto 43

5500 continue

if (npr .ne. 2) THENgoto 21ENDIFdo 234 jj=l,nnd(jj)=0do 235 i=2,mlk=nxi (i)if (k .eq. iss(jj,l)) thend(jj)=b(i)endifif (k .eq. iss(jj,2)) thend(jj) =-b(i)ENDIF

235 continue 234 continue

open (12,file=' durn.dat',status='old 1 )do 1880 j=l, 31backspace (unit=12,iostat=i,err=19001)read(12,121)dur(j)

1880 continue 19001close (12) 121 format (f9.2/)

open (10,file='dir.dat',status='old 1 )do 18800 j=l, 31backspace (unit=10,iostat=i,err=18801)read(10,121)dir(j)

18800 continue 18801close (10)

do 1982 i=l,62+bb+cc cost_incr(i)=ratio(i)*d(i)

A 15-61

Page 305: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

cost_increase=cost_increase+cost_incr(i) 1982 continue

open (ll,file=' cine.dat',status='old')write(11,*) cost_increasedo 1995 i=l,62+bb+ccwrite(ll,*) cost_incr(i),dir(i),ratio(i), d(i)

1995 continueopen (ll,file=' projco.dat',status='old 1 )read (11,*) old_totalread (11,*) old_dirclose (11)mustif=cost_increase-old_dirprint *, mustifif (mustif .ge. 990.000 ) thenopen (2,file=' trial.dat',status='old')write (2,*) 1.0close (2)WRITE (8,*)'This project can not be accelerated more.'write (8,*)' 'close (8)goto 7777endifwrite (8,*) 'optimal solution:/objective function:',b(1)write (8, *) 'project duration is:', d(l), 'days'new_ind=hindir/prhh=d(l)-prif (hh.lt.0.0) thengoto 666elsenew_ind=0endif

666 ind_dec = new_ind*(pr-d(l))new_indl = hindir-new_ind*(pr-d(1))WRITE (8,*)'direct project cost increaseis:',cost_increaseWRITE (8,*)'indirect project cost decrease is:',ind_decWRITE (8,*)'project cost increase is:', cost_increase-new_indWRITE (8,*) 'new direct project cost is:',cost_increase+dirtotWRITE (8,*) 'new indirect project cost is:', new_indlnew_total=dirtot+cost_increase+new_indlWRITE (8,*) 'new total project cost is:', new_totalopen (ll,file=' projco.dat',status='old')read (11,*) old_totalclose (11)open (7,file='new.dat',status='old')read (7,*) new_bclose (7)

if (new_b.eq.l) thenopen (10,file='X2.dat 1 ,status='old') WRITE (8,*)'activity to be accelerated:' do 83000 f=l,NN

A 15-62

Page 306: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

if (f.gt. (32+aa)} thengfa=f-32-aaendifread (10,*) EE(f)if (EE(f).lt.d(f)) then

if (gfa.eq.l) thenWRITE (8,*)' excavate topsoil'endifif (gfa.eq.2) thenWRITE (8,*)'excavate to reduce level 1endifif (gfa.eq.3 .or. gfa.eq.4 .or. gfa.eq.5) thenWRITE (8, *) 'excavate/compact foundations'endifif (gfa.eq.6) thenWRITE (8,*)' blinding concrete'endifif (gfa.eq.7) thenWRITE (8 , *) 'formwork for foundations'endifif (gfa.eq.8) thenWRITE (8,*)'reinforcement for foundations'endifif (gfa.eq.9) thenWRITE (8,*)'concrete for foundations'endifif (gfa.eq.10) thenWRITE (8,*)'roof asphalt'endifif (gfa.eq.ll) thenWRITE (8,*)'internal brickwork'endifif (gfa.eq.12) thenWRITE (8,*)'internal blockwork'endifif (gfa.eq.13) thenWRITE (8,*) 'external brickwork'endifif (gfa.eq.14) thenWRITE (8,*)'external blockwork 1endifif (gfa.eq.15) thenWRITE (8,*)'internal finishes'endifif (gfa.eq.16) thenWRITE (8,*)'wall finishes'endifif (gfa.eq.17) thenWRITE (8,*)'floor finishes'endifif (gfa.eq.18) thenWRITE (8,*) 'ceiling finishes'endifif (gfa.eq.19) then

A 15-63

Page 307: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

WRITE (8,*)'external finishes' endifif (gfa.eq.20) then WRITE (8,*) 'lift services' endifif (gfa.eq.21) then WRITE (8,*) 'mechanical services' endifif (gfa.eq.22) then WRITE (8,*) 'electrical services' endifif (gfa.eq.23) thenWRITE (8,*) 'formwork for ground floor slab/beam' endifif (gfa.eq.24) thenWRITE (8,*)'reinforcement for ground floor slab/beam' endifif (gfa.eq.25) thenWRITE (8,*)' concrete for ground floor slab/beam' endifif (gfa.eq.26) thenWRITE (8,*)' gr-lst/ formwork for columns/walls' endifif (gfa.eq.27) then

WRITE (8,*) 'gr-1 / reinforcement for columns/walls' endifif (gfa.eq.28) then

WRITE (8,*)'gr- 1 / reinforcement for columns/walls' endifif (gfa.eq.29) thenWRITE (8,*)'gr-1 / formwork for staircases' endifif (gfa.eq.30) then

WRITE (8,*)' gr-1 / reinforcement for staircases' endifif (gfa.eq.31) thenWRITE (8,*)' gr-1 / concrete for staircases' endifif (gfa.gt.31 .and. gfa.It.(26+6*nofloor)) then do 8500 j= 1,(nofloor-1) tut=tut+l

if (gfa.eq.(32+6*(j-1))) then WRITE (8,*) tut, '/ formwork for slab/beams'

elseif (gfa.eq. (33 + 6* (j-1))) then WRITE (8,*)tut,'/ reinforcement for slab/beams'

elseif (gfa.eq. (34 + 6*(j-1))) then WRITE (8,*) tut, 1 / concrete for slab/beams'

elseif (gfa.eq. (35 + 6*(j-l))) then WRITE (8,*) tut,'-',tut+1, '/ formwork for columns/walls'

elseif (gfa.eq. (36 + 6*(j-l) )) then WRITE (8,*) tut,'-',tut+1, '/ reinforcement for columns/walls'

elseif (gfa.eq.(37+6*(j-l))) then

A 15-64

Page 308: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

WRITE (8,*) tut,'-',tut+1,'/ reinforcement forcolumns/walls'

endif 8500 continue

endifif (gfa.eq.(26+6*nofloor)) thenWRITE (8,*)'concrete for roof slab/beams'endifif (gfa.gt.(26+6*nofloor)) then

do 86000 k=NN-3*(nofloor-2),NN,3lm=lm+lif (gfa.eq.k) thenWRITE (8,*) 1m, '-',lm+l, '/ formwork for staircases'endifif (gfa.eq.(k+1)) thenWRITE (8,*) 1m, '-',lm+l, '/ reinforcement for staircasesendifif (gfa.eq.(k+2)) thenWRITE (8,*) 1m, '-',lm+l, '/ concrete for staircases'endif

86000 continueendifendif

83000 continueendifclose (10)open (10,file='X2.dat',status='old')do 8700 i=l,nnwrite (10,*) d(i),ee(i)

8700 continueclose (10)

81 format (300f7.2/)if (old_total .It. new_total) thenWRITE (8,*) old_total, '-',d(l)+l, 'is the optimum 'open (10,file='X.dat',status='old',form='formatted')do 81000 I=33+aa,71+aawrite (10,81) d(i)

81000 continueclose (10)open (ll,file= I projco.dat',status='old')write(11,*) new_totalwrite (11,*) cost_increaseclose (11)opt_dat=lendifif (d(l).lt. prm .or. d(l).gt.prm) thengoto 3 endifopen (10,file='XI.dat',status='old',form='formatted' do 81002 I=33+aa,71+aa write (10,81) d(i)

81002 continue

A 15-65

Page 309: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

close (10) goto 3

21 do 211 jj=l,na(l,jj)=0.do 212 i=2,mlk=nxi(i)a(l,jj)=a(l,jj)+icj(k)*a(i, jj)

212 continuea(l,jj)=a(l,jj)-icj(jj)

211 continueb(l)=0do 214 i=2,mlk=nxi(i)b(l)=b(l)+icj (k)*b(i)

214 continuezcm=a(1,1)jm=l

do 109 jj=2,nif (kod .eq. 1) THENgoto 106ENDIF

if ((a(l,jj)-zcm) .It. 0) THENgoto 107elsegoto 109endif

106 if ((a(l,jj)-zcm) .le.O) THEN goto 109 elsegoto 107 endif

107 zcm=a(l,jj)jm=jj

109 continueck=kod*zcm

if(CK .ge.tol) THENgoto 131ENDIFdo 124 i=2,mlk=nxi(i)if((icj(k) .gt.cv ).or.(icj(k).It.cv)) THENgoto 124ENDIFif(b(i) -le. tol) THENgoto 124ENDIFopen (2,file=' trial.dat',status='old 1 )write (2,*) b(i)close (2)

A 15-66

Page 310: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

write(8,*) 'no feasible solution',k,b(i),iWRITE (8,*) 'This project can not be accelerated more,write (8,*)'close (8)

124 continuenpr=2goto 4444

131 xm=1000000000000000000 . 0

im=0do 139 i=2,ml if(a(i,jm) .le. 0) then goto 139 ENDIFxx=b(i)/a(i,jm) if ((xx-xm) .ge. 0) then goto 139 ENDIF xm=xx im=i

139 continueif (im .gt.O) thengoto 151ENDIFwrite(8,*) 'unbounded solution',jmclose (8)

151 xx=a(im,jm)b(im)=b(im)/xx iter=iter+l

do 152 jj=l,na(im,jj)=a(im,jj)/xx

152 continue

do 161 i=l, mlif ((i-im) .eq. 0) thengoto 161ENDIFxx=a(i,jm)b(i)=b(i) -xx*b(im)

do 154 jj=l,na(i,jj) =a(i,jj)-xx*a(im,

154 continue 161 continue

nxi(im)=jmif(npr .eq. 1) thengoto 4444ENDIFgoto 21

A 15-67

Page 311: University of Wales, Newport€¦ · BUILDING RESEARCH AND INFORMATION VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4 1995 Construction of reinforced concrete multi-storey office buildings: a simulation model

3 open (ll,file=' projco.dat',status='old 1 )write(11,*) new_totalwrite(11,*) cost_increaseclose (11)if (d(l).le.prm .or. d(1).gt.prm) thennew_b = 1if (new_b.eq.l) thenopen (7,file='new.dat',status='old')write (7,*) new_bwrite (7,*) d(l)-lclose (7)endifendifwrite (8, *) 'write (8,*) 'close (8)

7777 end

A 15-68