Unsoundness and Unsoundness and Blemishes in HorsesBlemishes in Horses

By: Watson’s 5By: Watson’s 5thth period period

20062006

Rain RotRain Rot

Defined as a blemishDefined as a blemish Scabs or matted hair, that when Scabs or matted hair, that when

pulled off show pink skin with some pulled off show pink skin with some puspus

All horsesAll horses Give them baths daily for 7 daysGive them baths daily for 7 days Keep them dry with plenty of airKeep them dry with plenty of air Reference: Reference: www.alphahorse.comwww.alphahorse.com

Rain RotRain Rot

Bog SpavinBog Spavin

Bog Spavin is a Bog Spavin is a blemishblemish in which swelling in which swelling of the Tibiostrial joint of the horses hock of the Tibiostrial joint of the horses hock occurs. occurs.

Symptoms? Swelling, Heat, and pain.Symptoms? Swelling, Heat, and pain. What horses is it most common in? What horses is it most common in?

Young Riding horsesYoung Riding horses What should be done? Horse should be What should be done? Horse should be

given added vitamins and minerals, and given added vitamins and minerals, and given anti-inflammatory drugs.given anti-inflammatory drugs.

References-http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca;References-http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca;

Bog SpavinBog Spavin

Buck kneedBuck kneed

Buck kneed is an unsoundness.Buck kneed is an unsoundness. Its symptoms are when a horse Its symptoms are when a horse

stands with its legs a little bent.stands with its legs a little bent. It occurs in all horses.It occurs in all horses. You cannot fix this problem.You cannot fix this problem. http://www.utextension.utk.edu/publihttp://www.utextension.utk.edu/publi

cations/animals/EquineFacts/TNH600cations/animals/EquineFacts/TNH6000.pdf0.pdf

Buck-KneedBuck-Kneed

Information and ReferencesInformation and References Calf-kneed is unsoundness meaning it stays.Calf-kneed is unsoundness meaning it stays.

Some symptoms are:Some symptoms are: Inflammation of the hoof, usually affecting front feetInflammation of the hoof, usually affecting front feet resistance to bridle, bracing through the poll, neck, and back.resistance to bridle, bracing through the poll, neck, and back. difficulty in training to the upper levels. difficulty in training to the upper levels.

What Horses?What Horses?

The Irish Draught HorseThe Irish Draught Horse

What should be done for these horse?What should be done for these horse?

Should be trimmed at least 4 times.Should be trimmed at least 4 times.

References:References:

www.google.com www.google.com

Calf-kneedCalf-kneed

Information and ReferencesInformation and References Calf-kneed is unsoundness meaning it stays.Calf-kneed is unsoundness meaning it stays.

Some symptoms are:Some symptoms are: Inflammation of the hoof, usually affecting front feetInflammation of the hoof, usually affecting front feet resistance to bridle, bracing through the poll, neck, and back.resistance to bridle, bracing through the poll, neck, and back. difficulty in training to the upper levels. difficulty in training to the upper levels.

What Horses?What Horses?

The Irish Draught HorseThe Irish Draught Horse

What should be done for these horse?What should be done for these horse?

club footclub foot

Club foot is an unsoundness.Club foot is an unsoundness. You can tell by the flare is at the toe not on You can tell by the flare is at the toe not on

the sides. If it has an angle more than 60 the sides. If it has an angle more than 60 degrees. If the horse is standing on a hard degrees. If the horse is standing on a hard surface the heel on the club foot will be surface the heel on the club foot will be higher than the other foot. The club foot will higher than the other foot. The club foot will be narrower then the other foot and the frog be narrower then the other foot and the frog will be smaller. If the horse stands with the will be smaller. If the horse stands with the club foot forward and the other foot back club foot forward and the other foot back while grazing. while grazing.

The kind of disease is found in Arabs, The kind of disease is found in Arabs, Morgans, Quaterhorses, and on down the Morgans, Quaterhorses, and on down the line. It is starting to show up in draft horses line. It is starting to show up in draft horses and in Belgians.and in Belgians.

1. The traditional treatment has been to 1. The traditional treatment has been to carefully keep shaving down the horse's heel carefully keep shaving down the horse's heel to bring P3 into more normal alignment. The to bring P3 into more normal alignment. The idea is that you keep gently removing heel, idea is that you keep gently removing heel, letting the weight of the horse slowly letting the weight of the horse slowly "stretch" the deep flexor tendon back to "stretch" the deep flexor tendon back to where it should be. where it should be.

2. The new treatment is desotonomy of the 2. The new treatment is desotonomy of the inferior check ligament. You cut this ligament inferior check ligament. You cut this ligament (which acts as the emergency brake to (which acts as the emergency brake to prevent the coffin/deep flexor from prevent the coffin/deep flexor from hyperextending), thus letting the deep flexor hyperextending), thus letting the deep flexor "relax" and take the pull off the coffin"relax" and take the pull off the coffin bone. bone.

www.horseshoes www.horseshoes .com/magazine/hertiage/clubfoot/clubfoot.html.com/magazine/hertiage/clubfoot/clubfoot.html

CribbingCribbing

Cribbing is a blemishCribbing is a blemish Symptoms are boredom, stress and Symptoms are boredom, stress and

possibly stomach aciditypossibly stomach acidity It occurs in all horsesIt occurs in all horses There is not many things that can be There is not many things that can be

done but you can get a cribbing done but you can get a cribbing collarcollar

Common horse problems at googleCommon horse problems at google

PICTURES OF CRIBBINGPICTURES OF CRIBBING

Fistulous WithersFistulous Withers

An Unsoundness, a deep-seated An Unsoundness, a deep-seated chronic inflammation of the withers of chronic inflammation of the withers of the horse that discharges bloody fluid the horse that discharges bloody fluid through one or more openings and is through one or more openings and is probably associated with infection by probably associated with infection by bacteria of the genus bacteria of the genus BrucellaBrucella

Caused by either infectious, parasitic, Caused by either infectious, parasitic, or physical factors.or physical factors.

Some symptoms are open lesions, Some symptoms are open lesions, swelling and inflammationswelling and inflammation

Fistulous WithersFistulous Withers

FounderFounderUNSOUNDNESUNSOUNDNES

Symptoms: The signs of founder are easy to Symptoms: The signs of founder are easy to recognize: they are the result of both front feet recognize: they are the result of both front feet being sore. The back feet may be involved too,but being sore. The back feet may be involved too,but the front feet bear 50% more weight than the rear the front feet bear 50% more weight than the rear so they usually hurt more. With both feet being so they usually hurt more. With both feet being sore the horse's stepssore the horse's stepsshorten and become slower making the horse or shorten and become slower making the horse or pony look stiff. At rest he will prop his front feet pony look stiff. At rest he will prop his front feet out in front of him while leaning back on his rear out in front of him while leaning back on his rear legs to help decrease the weight on the front. legs to help decrease the weight on the front. Frequently, he will shift weight back and forth from Frequently, he will shift weight back and forth from one front foot to the other. As the pain worsens he one front foot to the other. As the pain worsens he may start spending a lot of time laying down.may start spending a lot of time laying down.

What horse: All horses can get founder What horse: All horses can get founder

TREATMENTTREATMENT TREATMENTTREATMENT

2.If veterinary help is not immediately available give bute (22.If veterinary help is not immediately available give bute (2gm./1000 lbs twice daily) or aspirin.gm./1000 lbs twice daily) or aspirin.First AidFirst AidAcute founder is always an emergency requiring professional helpAcute founder is always an emergency requiring professional helpto minimize permanent damage. First aid measures include:to minimize permanent damage. First aid measures include:

1.Call the veterinarian. While waiting; attempt to get your horse1.Call the veterinarian. While waiting; attempt to get your horseto walk. This helps to increase circulation and relieve some ofto walk. This helps to increase circulation and relieve some ofthe pain. Walk him on very soft ground. If he refuses to walkthe pain. Walk him on very soft ground. If he refuses to walkwith gentle encouragement do not force him, as this may dowith gentle encouragement do not force him, as this may dofurther damage. further damage.

Walking foundered horses has become controversial with someWalking foundered horses has become controversial with someinsisting that it does further damage. I have seen dozens of mildinsisting that it does further damage. I have seen dozens of mildfounders respond well to walking on soft ground. If the horsefounders respond well to walking on soft ground. If the horsedoes not want to walk after gentle encouragement (a light whip),does not want to walk after gentle encouragement (a light whip),do not force him is a good rule of thumb.do not force him is a good rule of thumb.

Founder PicturesFounder Pictureshttp://petcaretips.net/founder_laminitis_horse.htmlhttp://petcaretips.net/founder_laminitis_horse.html

Monkey Mouth in HorsesMonkey Mouth in Horses Monkey Mouth is a Monkey Mouth is a

unsoundness in a horse.unsoundness in a horse. Monkey Mouth is when Monkey Mouth is when

the horse has a under the horse has a under bite and when a horse bite and when a horse has a over bite it is has a over bite it is called Parrot Mouthcalled Parrot Mouth

Monkey Mouth can Monkey Mouth can occur in any breed of occur in any breed of horsehorse

If a horse has monkey If a horse has monkey mouth it can’t be fixedmouth it can’t be fixed

My references was My references was (monkey mouth in (monkey mouth in horses) at google.horses) at google.

Moon BlindnessMoon Blindness Symptoms-The most common are puffy, Symptoms-The most common are puffy,

watering eyes, squinting, and red blood vessels watering eyes, squinting, and red blood vessels at the sides of the eye and in the lids. Redness, at the sides of the eye and in the lids. Redness, swelling, pus, pupil constriction in the dark, swelling, pus, pupil constriction in the dark, cloudiness, and photophobia are some others. cloudiness, and photophobia are some others.

Moon blindness can occur in any horse breed, Moon blindness can occur in any horse breed, but it seems to be most common in Appaloosas.but it seems to be most common in Appaloosas.

For short term treatment atropine can be used For short term treatment atropine can be used to dilate the eye and reduce discomfort due to to dilate the eye and reduce discomfort due to spasm of the iris. Steroids (but they can spasm of the iris. Steroids (but they can sometimes worsen the condition and cause sometimes worsen the condition and cause blindness), antibiotics, vitamins, and bee pollen blindness), antibiotics, vitamins, and bee pollen can also be used. Long term management you can also be used. Long term management you want keep the inflammation from even starting want keep the inflammation from even starting and give it a daily or every other day dose of and give it a daily or every other day dose of aspirin.aspirin.

http://www.igs.net/~vkirkwoodhp/http://www.igs.net/~vkirkwoodhp/eru.htm#treatmenteru.htm#treatment

Moon BlindnessMoon Blindness

HerniaHernia

BlemishBlemish SymptomsSymptoms- displayed bubble- displayed bubble The common hernia affecting the horse involves The common hernia affecting the horse involves

the herniation of the intestine and are inguinal, the herniation of the intestine and are inguinal, scrotal, or umbilical in location scrotal, or umbilical in location

What to do- What to do- take the horse to the vet have them take the horse to the vet have them look at it. They should push the hernia back in to look at it. They should push the hernia back in to stomach and sue the fiber mesh. There are some stomach and sue the fiber mesh. There are some instances when the hernia must be removed as instances when the hernia must be removed as you are about to see in the pictures.you are about to see in the pictures.

ReferenceReference- www.yahoo.com - www.yahoo.com

The ProcessThe Process

Poll EvilPoll Evil Poll evilPoll evil is an acquired unsoundness resulting from is an acquired unsoundness resulting from

a bruise or persistent irritation in the region of the a bruise or persistent irritation in the region of the poll.poll.

Early symptoms are swelling and that the animal Early symptoms are swelling and that the animal may become "touchy" around the head and ears may become "touchy" around the head and ears when being bridled. Severe inflammation, eruption when being bridled. Severe inflammation, eruption and bad scars may result if the horse is neglected.and bad scars may result if the horse is neglected.

Its cause is Brucella abortus, the same organism Its cause is Brucella abortus, the same organism that causes Bang's in cattle. that causes Bang's in cattle.

– TreatmentTreatment Handled by veterinarianHandled by veterinarian Establish proper drainage and removing all Establish proper drainage and removing all

dead tissue.dead tissue. This unsoundness can happen in ay horse.This unsoundness can happen in ay horse. Reference was Reference was

http://www.horses-arizona.com/pages/articles/unsohttp://www.horses-arizona.com/pages/articles/unsoundheadbody.htmlundheadbody.html

Poll Poll EvilEvil

Quitting is a blemishQuitting is a blemish

Its a soft swelling in the deep flexor Its a soft swelling in the deep flexor tendon.tendon.

Common in overly worked young Common in overly worked young horses also road shock.horses also road shock.

It is common in all horses.It is common in all horses.

Treatment use a leg wrap and ice Treatment use a leg wrap and ice packs.packs.

Let the horse rest and keep weight Let the horse rest and keep weight off its back.off its back.

Reference “agriscience.msu”Reference “agriscience.msu”

ScarsScars

Scars may appear Scars may appear on any part of the on any part of the body. body.

Scars on Scars on noticeable on noticeable on horses because of horses because of the presence of the presence of white hairs.white hairs.

Working stock Working stock horses with scars horses with scars are not are not discriminated discriminated against very against very much, but gaited much, but gaited and parade horses and parade horses are seriously are seriously faulted. faulted.

Treatment take it Treatment take it to the vet.to the vet.

ScarsScars

This is a good example of how horses This is a good example of how horses get scarred.get scarred.

Scars are blemishes.Scars are blemishes.

ScarsScars First of all when your First of all when your

gets a scar try to gets a scar try to determine how it got determine how it got there. Then if it`s there. Then if it`s really bad take your really bad take your horse to the vet and horse to the vet and they should be able to they should be able to give the animal healing give the animal healing cream for the cream for the scar.Scars usually scar.Scars usually don`t go away but don`t go away but medication can help medication can help reduce the reduce the appearance.appearance.

I found my information I found my information atat

http://www.horses-http://www.horses-arizonia.com/pages/arizonia.com/pages/articles.unsoundfeetlearticles.unsoundfeetlegs.html and yahoo gs.html and yahoo searchsearch