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1
Upgrading to CMMI at Bosch
Thomas Wagner, Jan UnruhRobert Bosch GmbH
© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
2© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
Bosch - Distribution of Sales 2001
by Business Sectors
Automotive Equipment
Industrial Technology
Consumer Goods andBuilding Technology
23.2
7.6
3.2
22.4 %
68.3 %
9.3 %
Total 34.0 bn EUR
3© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Upgrading to CMMI at Bosch
Agenda
Ë Bosch Initiative for Software-Intensive Systems (BISS)Ë Future SPI at Bosch
Ë Software in the Automotive IndustryË Software in the Automotive Industry
4© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
Quality Management: 0-Defect Strategy100 % Quality - wouldn‘t 99,9% do it also?
l One hour every month of dirty drinking waterl 500 faulty surgeries per weekl 32 000 skipped heart beat per person per yearl 20 000 wrong medical prescriptions per yearl 22 000 checks per hour debit the wrong bank accountsl 1600 pieces of mail lost per hourl One car per day with cracks in the steering-gear arml 20 loose lug nuts per dayl 80 faulty parts in every car producedl A parachute doesn’t open once per 1000 jumps
Hence: Zero Defect Strategy !
5© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
0-km Failure History of Mechanical Product
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
10.000
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 2000
ppm
start of production
Program„100 - 2000“
Factor of 130!
6© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
Paradigms for Automotive Innovation
Innovation
Process Focus
Standardization
Mechanical Systems1880-
1960
Process FocusStandardization
InnovationElectronics Hardware1960
-1990
Innovation
StandardizationSoftware
Process Focussince1980
7© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
Characteristics of Automotive Electronics
80% of all innovations in automobiles are realized with software(German car manufacturers, September 2001)
Quality, Reliability, Safety Low Cost
“Explosion” of FunctionalityHard Real-Time
-40 °C-40 F
Temperature Range +125 °C+257 F
Number of Variants
8© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
Automotive Electronic Systems
Engine Control
Brake Control
(Adaptive) Transmission Control
Dynamic Drive Control
Driver Assistance Systems
Body Electronics
Telematics
9© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
Complexity of Electronic Systems in Vehicles
Source: BMW 10/2002 next generationBMW 7 series
E38 E65
1
comparisonE38/E65
~8
~64
Signals
Signals on CAN-Bus = nSender/R
eceiver Interaction ~ n
2
Sender/Receiver Interactions
Syste
m In
tegr
ation
~ n
_
Effort for Calibration and System Integration
10© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
“Explosion” of FunctionalityStand-alone systems
(interactions bydedicated wires)
Vehicle linkedto environment
In-Vehiclenetworking
100
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010*All systems in a car (Source: DaimlerChrysler 2002)
Lines of Code*
102
104
106
108
1010
11© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Software in the Automotive Industry
SPI AdoptionIn
no
vato
rs
EarlyMajority
LateMajority
LaggardsEar
lyA
do
pte
rs
Automotive industryas a whole
Bosch within theautomotive industry
12© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Target: Zero failure
Software in the Automotive Industry
Software Quality
Quality Software
Software viewed as Cost Factor
Managings risksAvoiding bugs
Software viewed as Business Opportunity
Improving competitiveness
Software as a necessity
Software as a vital component
Software as a differentiator
13© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Upgrading to CMMI at Bosch
AgendaË Software in the Automotive Industry
Ë Bosch Initiative for Software-Intensive Systems (BISS)Ë Future SPI at Bosch
14© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
Ingredients
BISSBISS
SW -Quality
Product Lines
SW-Processes
SW-Architecture
15© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
Roadmap
Pre-BISS
1995
Process
Launch of BISS Next Phase
1999
Process
Product Lines
2003
ProductLines
Systems /Hardware
mandatory
voluntary
Process
2005
ProductLines
Systems /Hardware
Process
16© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
Why CMM(I) ?
Domain Know-How
(Software)ManagementProcesses
EngineeringProcesses
SkillsAuto-motive
SoftwareDevelop-
ment
Manage-ment
17© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
Why “Product Lines” at Bosch ?Ë Automotive electronic systems are Product Lines
l Platform conceptsl Medium to large number of variants
Ë Increasing software complexity and quality demands
Ë “Multi-talented” engineers of automotive electronics are rare
Achieve explicit business goalsin the realm of software intensive systemsbased on systematic, strategic reuse
18© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
Change Management towards Organizational Maturity
Project Managers
Staff
Impr
ovem
ent
Executive Management
Senior Management
Change
ImprovementOrganization
(SEPG)
SPI Direction
19© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
“Breitensport”
BusinessUnits (19)
Plants (37)
within BISS not yet within BISS
06.2002 12.200310.2002
1999 20032002
20© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
CMM Results
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
So
ftw
are
Org
aniz
atio
ns
CMM Level 1 CMM Level 2 CMM Level 3 CMM Level 4
21© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
BISS
0-km Failures Caused by Software Defects
1999 2000 2001 2002
10000
15000
20000
5000
0
11000
17000
70 1
According to manufacturing date of electronic control units (relative numbers: 2002 @ 1)
22© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Upgrading to CMMI at Bosch
AgendaË Software in the Automotive IndustryË Bosch Initiative for Software-Intensive Systems (BISS)
Ë Future SPI at Bosch
23© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Future SPI at Bosch
SW-intensive Systems: Triangle of Excellence
FunctionDesign
ArchitecturePLAInterdisciplinary
Teamwork
IndividualPSPTSP
CMMI 2
CMMI 3
CMMI 4
CMMI 5
People Technology
Process
24© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Future SPI at Bosch
Transition from CMM to CMMI at Bosch
20
30
10 CBA IPI
SCAMPI A
Appraisals per year
TimeScale ?
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Future SPI at Bosch
Motivators to Upgrade
CMMI is
+ Compliant to our current and future needs for model-basedimprovement
+ Highly interrelated with the “Product Lines Framework”+ Applicable to both systems development and hardware
development+ The better model w.r.t. business orientation, terminology and
structural consistency
but CMMI requires SCAMPI
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Future SPI at Bosch
Delayers to Upgrade
As for SCAMPI A it seems, that
- There is little experience, instead open questions- It will take time to have enough Bosch-internal lead appraisers- SEI’s observation policy may conflict with language constraints
27© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Future SPI at Bosch
Our Expectation to the SEI
Methods Training
Application of the methods
ProfessionalSupport
QualityControl
CMMI + SCAMPI A
UNCOMPROMISED !
28© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Future SPI at Bosch
SummaryË The automotive industry has recognized to be “software-
dependent”because
Ë Software in Automobiles strongly influences innovation, safety, andenvironmental protectiontherefore
Ë Automotive software will be required to be Quality Software
AND WE ALL AND WE ALL DEPEND ON THIS DEPEND ON THIS MORE AND MORE !MORE AND MORE !?
29© Robert Bosch GmbH reserves all rights even in the event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and passing on to third parties.
Future SPI at Bosch
Contact Information
Robert Bosch GmbHwww.bosch.com
Dr. Thomas [email protected]
Dr. Jan [email protected]