UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA–2

ByDr. A. P. Singh

&Dr. Rajendra Sharma

© Publishers

Publishers

UPKAR PRAKASHAN(An ISO 9001 : 2000 Company)

2/11A, Swadeshi Bima Nagar, AGRA–282 002Phone : 4053333, 2530966, 2531101Fax : (0562) 4053330, 4031570E-mail : care@upkar.in, Website : www.upkar.in

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● The publishers have taken all possible precautions in publishing this book, yet ifany mistake has crept in, the publishers shall not be responsible for the same.

● This book or any part thereof may not be reproduced in any form byPhotographic, Mechanical, or any other method, for any use, without writtenpermission from the Publishers.

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ISBN : 978-81-7482-081-5

Price : 230·00(Rs. Two Hundred Thirty Only)

Code No. 1518

Printed at : UPKAR PRAKASHAN (Printing Unit) Bye-pass, AGRA

Contents

● Previous Years’ Solved Papers

ZoologyZoology at a Glance…………………………………………………………………… 3–26

● Branches of Zoology…………………………………………………………………… 3● Some Important Facts of Human Body………………………………………………. 13● Zoological Names of Some Important Animals Alongwith their Common Name…… 19● Some Important Facts………………………………………………………………… 23 1. Origin of life, Organic Evolution, Mechanism of Evolution, and Eugenics…………. 27 2. Animal Physiology…………………………………………………………………… 44 3. Taxonomy…………………………………………………………………………….. 76

4. Animal Tissues……………………………………………………………………….. 815. Amoeba and Entamoeba Histolytica………………………………………………… 896. Plasmodium…………………………………………………………………………… 927. Porifera……………………………………………………………………………….. 958. Coelenterata…………………………………………………………………………… 999. Aschelminthes……………………………………………………………………….. 102

10. Annelida……………………………………………………………………………... 10511. Arthropoda………………………………………………………………………...… 10812. Rana (Frog)………………………………………………………………………...... 11513. Rabbit………………………………………………………………………...……… 121● Assess Yourself–1……………………………………………………………………129● Assess Yourself–2……………………………………………………………………135● Glossary of Terms…………………………………………………………………… 141● Answers (Assess Yourself)…………………………………………………………... 152

Botany ● Some Useful Informations 3–13

1. Cytology and Genetics ……………………………………………………….. 14–29

2. Ecology …………………………………..…………………………………… 30–38

3. External Morphology ………………………………………………………… 39–44

4. Internal Morphology ………………………..………………………………… 45–52

(iv)

5. Pollination, Fertilization and Embryology ….………………………………… 53–58

6. Fruits and Dispersal of Fruits and Seeds ……………………………………… 59–64

7. Bacteria and Viruses …………………………..……………………………… 65–71

8. Fungi and Lichens ……………………………..……………………………… 72–78

9. Algae …………………………………………..……………………………… 79–85

10. Bryophyta ……………………………………..……………………………… 86–90

11. Pteridophyta …………………………………..……………………………… 91–96

12. Gymnosperms ………………………………………………………………… 97–102

13. Taxonomy and Economic Botany ……………….…………………………… 103–110

14. Plant Physiology, Nitrogen Cycle and Special Mode of Nutrition …………… 111–128

● Miscellaneous Questions …………………………………….……………… 129–130

● Assess Yourself (1–2) ………………………………………………………… 131–143

● Some Important Definitions ………………………………………………… 144–167

● Answers Assess Yourself …………………………………….……………… 168–168

Trained Graduate Teacher Selection Test, 2010 Solved Paper(Held on 20 February, 2011)

Biology1. Mitosis and meiosis always differ in regard to

the presence of—(A) Chromatids (B) Homologues(C) Bivalents (D) Centromeres

2. A sedimentary type of biogeochemical cycleis—

(A) Carbon cycle (B) Hydrogen cycle(C) Nitrogen cycle (D) Sulphur cycle

3. In which stage of meiosis does synapsis takeplace ?(A) Leptotene (B) Pachytene(C) Zygotene (D) Metaphase I

4. Number of oxygen molecules required duringglycolysis of one glucose molecule is—(A) Zero (B) One(C) Six (D) Four

5. What average percentage of radiated energyof sun, does an active producer store bymeans of photosynthesis ?

(A) 0·1 (B) 1·0

(C) 10 (D) 20

6. Petroplants were first recognized by—(A) Lamarck(B) Darwin(C) Hatch and Slack(D) M. Calvin

7. Endosperm in coconut is—

(A) Cellular

(B) Nuclear

(C) Both cellular and nuclear

(D) Neither cellular nor nuclear

8. Herkogamy is found in—

(A) Cotton (B) Marigold

(C) Calotropis (D) Bajra

9. Crassinucellate ovule shows(A) Absence of nucellus(B) Well developed nucellus(C) Partly developed nucellus(D) Ill developed nucellus

10. The frond is a—

(A) Bud (B) Leaf(C) Petiole (D) Thorn

11. Which is maximum in amount found inchloroplast ?

(A) Pyruvic carboxylase(B) Hexokinase(C) RUDP carboxylase(D) None of these

12. Which plant yields fibre, oil and food foranimals ?

(A) Sunflower (B) Jute(C) Cotton (D) Sunhemp

13. Wheat grain is a / an(A) Fruit (B) Seed(C) Embryo (D) Glume

14. Gossypium hirsutum is—

(A) old world crop and diploid(B) old world crop and tetraploid(C) new world crop and diploid(D) new world crop and tetraploid

15. The concept of ‘Totipotency’ was given by

(A) Steward (B) Hippocrates(C) Haberlandt (D) Darwin

16. Cycas revoluta is widely grown as—

(A) Medicinal plant(B) Ornamental plant(C) Oil yielding plant(D) Timber yielding plant

2U | TGT Biology 2010

17. Inverted omega-shaped ring of vascularbundles is found in—

(A) Rachis of Cycas (B) Leaflet of Cycas(C) Root of Cycas (D) Leaves of Pinus

18. In Pinus root, shape of xylem is—

(A) V shaped (B) Y shaped(C) C shaped (D) All of these

19. The type of ovule of Pinus is—

(A) Anatropous(B) Orthotropous(C) Campylotropous(D) Circinotropous

20. Vegetative propagation is most common in—

(A) Fern sporophyte(B) Fern gametophyte(C) Riccia gametophyte(D) Riccia sporophyte

21. Sporocarp of Marsilea is—

(A) Heterosporous (B) Bisporous(C) Homosporous (D) Non-sporous

22. A stele without pith is called

(A) Meristele (B) Protostele(C) Eustele (D) Dictyostele

23. Which of the following is an aquaticpteridophyte ?

(A) Lycopodium (B) Azolla(C) Equisetum (D) Pteris

24. Which of the following pteridophytes showssecondary growth ?

(A) Lycopodium (B) Isoetes

(C) Marsilea (D) Pteris

25. Professor D. D. Pant has divided Gymnos-perms into—

(A) 4 divisions (B) 3 divisions

(C) 6 divisions (D) 8 divisions

26. The biggest bryophyte is—

(A) Riccia (B) Dawsonia

(C) Anthoceros (D) Marchantia

27. In which stem is protostele found ?

(A) Pteris (B) Lycopodium

(C) Marsilea (D) Pteridium

28. Pteridophytes are known as—

(A) Vascular cryptogams(B) Phanerogams(C) Cryptogams(D) Amphibians of plant kingdom

29. Lycopodium exhibits—

(A) Heterospory(B) Homospory(C) Both Heterospory and Homospory(D) None of these

30. Trabeculae present in the stem of Selaginellais—

(A) Endodermis (B) Epidermis(C) Pericycle (D) Cortex

31. Which one of the following is an egg-layingmammal ?

(A) Mongoose (B) Platypus(C) Whale (D) Mole

32. A coral reef lying close to the shore of somevolcanic islands is known as—

(A) Atoll (B) Coral island(C) Barrier reef (D) Fringing reef

33. Flame cells are—

(A) Reproductive (B) Excretory(C) Sensory (D) Inflammatory

34. Ephyra larva is found in the life cycle of—

(A) Aurelia (B) Obelia(C) Physalia (D) Adamsia

35. Number of peristome teeth in capsule ofFunaria is—(A) 8 (B) 16(C) 32 (D) 64

36. Polymorphism is seen in—(A) Coelenterata (B) Annelida(C) Arthropoda (D) Echinodermata

37. Syncytial epidermis is found in—(A) Planaria (B) Ascaris(C) Earthworm (D) Starfish

38. Java man was discovered by—(A) W. C. Pei(B) Eugene Dubois(C) Darwin(D) Robert Brown

TGT Biology 2010 | 3U

39. Metabolic water is a by-product of theprocess of—

(A) Digestion (B) Excretion(C) Muscle activity (D) Tissue respiration

40. Which of the following occurs in mito-chondria ?

(A) Glycolysis(B) Glycogenolysis(C) Tricarboxylic acid cycle(D) Histolysis of tissues

41. A Chitinous exoskeleton occurs in—

(A) Birds (B) Fishes(C) Insects (D) Mammalia

42. Which one of the following is non-parasiticanimal ?

(A) Mosquito (B) Tapeworm(C) Sea anemone (D) Leech

43. Conjugation in paramoecium involvesexchange of—

(A) Micronuclei (B) Meganuclei(C) Both of these (D) None of these

44. Main excretory product in birds and reptilesis—

(A) Urea (B) Uric acid(C) Ammonia (D) Guanine

45. Mammalian kidneys serve to excrete—

(A) excess salts, urea and excess water(B) excess salts, water and amino acids(C) excess water, urea and amino acids(D) none of these

46. ‘Cristae’ helps in—(A) Photosynthesis (B) Respiration(C) Photo-oxidation (D) Transpiration

47. Stage of the life history of the liver flukewhich infects the primary host is—

(A) Redia(B) Meta-cercaria(C) Miracidium(D) Rhabditiform larva

48. Which one of the following is a bisexualanimal ?(A) Leech (B) Ascaris(C) Honeybee (D) Housefly

49. Testes occur in earthworm in the segments—

(A) 11 and 12 (B) 12 and 13(C) 14 and 15 (D) 10 and 11

50. Metamorphosis in cockroach is regulatedmainly by—

(A) Corpora cardiaca(B) Prothoracic gland(C) Corpora allata(D) Brain

51. The structure of ribosomes consists of—

(A) D.N.A. and proteins(B) R.N.A. and proteins(C) R.N.A. and amino acids(D) R.N.A. and D.N.A.

52. Polytene chromosome is first observed in —

(A) Housefly (B) Honeybee(C) Drosophila (D) None of these

53. Which hormone is secreted by the testes ?

(A) Testosterone (B) Progesterone(C) T.S.H. (D) Insulin

54. Islets of Langerhans are—

(A) Modified lymph glands(B) Specialized areas in pituitary(C) Small tubules in kidneys(D) Ductless glands in pancreas

55. Which one of the following is a female sexhormone ?

(A) Androgens (B) Progesterone(C) Estradiol (D) All of these

56. The second cranial nerve of frog is—

(A) Trochlear nerve (B) Optic nerve(C) Auditory nerve (D) Vagus nerve

57. ‘Fertilizin’ is a chemical substance producedfrom—

(A) Acrosome(B) Polar bodies(C) Mature eggs(D) Middle part of sperm

58. The book ‘Origin of Species’ was publishedin—

(A) 1809 (B) 1858(C) 1956 (D) 1859

4U | TGT Biology 2010

59. According to Neo-Darwinism which one isresponsible for evolution of organisms ?

(A) Mutation (B) Natural selection(C) Both of these (D) None of these

60. Which of the following foetal membranesfunctions as embryonic urinary bladder ?

(A) Allantois (B) Yolk sac(C) Amnion (D) Chorion

61. In which of the following National Parks‘Lion’ is being preserved ?

(A) Dudhwa (B) Kaziranga(C) Corbett (D) Gir

62. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) isproduced by—

(A) Hypothalamus(B) Anterior pituitary gland(C) Posterior pituitary gland

(D) Middle lobe of pituitary gland

63. Pyruvic acid before combining withoxaloacetic acid of citric acid cycle becomes

(A) Lactic acid(B) Aceto-acetic acid(C) Cis-acotinic acid(D) Acetyl Co-A.

64. Regeneration in hydra occurs by—

(A) Epimorphosis(B) Morphogenesis(C) Morpholaxis(D) Epimorphosis and morphogenesis

65. First mammal appeared in—

(A) Permian period (B) Triassic period(C) Jurassic period (D) Cretaceous period

66. Gynoecium represents—

(A) Ovaries with fused stigmas(B) Ovaries with fused style(C) A single carpel(D) The whorl of carpels

67. Neottia plant is a—

(A) Saprophyte(B) Symbiont(C) Insectivorous plant(D) None of these

68. A plant which needs not less than ten hours oflight to flower should be a—

(A) Long day plant(B) Short day plant(C) Day neutral plant(D) None of these

69. Tropic movement takes place mainly by—

(A) Cell enlargement(B) Cell bending(C) Cell division(D) Cell dormancy

70. Border line cases between species and sub-species are called—

(A) Sibling species (B) Semi-species(C) Super-species (D) Sub-species

71. The principal food crop of the world is—

(A) Wheat (B) Maize(C) Rice (D) Barley

72. Fungi are always—

(A) Heterophytes (B) Autotrophic(C) Saprophytic (D) Parasitic

73. Structure helping Lichens in respiration is—

(A) Isidium (B) Soredium(C) Cephalodium (D) Cyphella

74. Most common nitrogen fixing cyanobacteriumof paddy field is—

(A) Cylindrospermum(B) Aulosira(C) Oscilatoria(D) Nostoc

75. In bacteria, the respiratory enzymes arelocated on—

(A) plasmid (B) episome(C) mesosome (D) nucleoid

76. A pteridophyte which fixes nitrogen is—

(A) Azolla (B) Salvinia(C) Pteris (D) Selaginella

77. ‘Chilgoza’, a dry fruit is a species of—

(A) Cycas(B) Pinus(C) Mango(D) Gymnosperm

TGT Biology 2010 | 5U

78. The microsporangium in Cycas micro-sporo-phyllus is present—

(A) On adaxial side(B) On abaxial side(C) Along the margins(D) In the axil

79. R.Q. stands for—

(A) Effect of temperature(B) Nature of respiratory substrate(C) Amount of water released(D) Type of alcohol formed

80. Which theory explains ATP synthesis inchloroplasts and mitochondria ?

(A) Lipman and Lohmann theory(B) Fisher’s Lock and Key theory(C) Koshland’s induced fit theory(D) Mitchell’s chemi-osmotic theory

81. The wood of Pinus is—

(A) Pycnoxylic(B) Manoxylic(C) Both Picnoxylic and Manoxylic(D) None of these

82. The smallest living gymnosperm is—

(A) Zamia (B) Ephedra(C) Cycas (D) Ginkgo

83. Pollination in Pinus is—

(A) Anemophilous (B) Hydrophilous(C) Zoophilous (D) Cheriopterous

84. Which of the following is a living fossil ?

(A) Gnetum gnemon(B) Ginkgo biloba(C) Cedrus deodara(D) Ephedra foliata

85. The wing on seed of Pinus is developedfrom—

(A) Integument(B) Nucellus(C) Carpellary scale(D) Ovuliferous scale

86. Which of the following is found in aerial stemof Equisetum ?

(A) Ridges only

(B) Furrows only(C) Both Ridges and Furros(D) None of these

87. Carinal canals are found in the stem ofEquisetum in—

(A) Vascular bundle (B) Cortex(C) Pith (D) All of these

88. Which one is Xerophyte ?

(A) Marsilea (B) Azolla(C) Salvinia (D) Equisetum

89. ‘The little club-moss’ is the common namefor—

(A) Selaginella (B) Lycopodium(C) Equisetum (D) Marsilea

90. Which one of the following is an amphibiousplant ?

(A) Lycopodium (B) Selaginella(C) Marsilea (D) Equisetum

91. Multicellular rhizoids with oblique septa arefound in—

(A) Anthoceros (B) Funaria(C) Riccia (D) Marchantia

92. Which of the following species of Riccia isaquatic ?

(A) R. discolour (B) R. fluitance

(C) R. orystallina (D) R. reticulata

93. Which of the following is dioecious species ?

(A) R. crystallina

(B) R. melanospora

(C) R. pathankolensis

(D) R. discolor

94. Which part of Funaria is haploid ?

(A) Calyptra (B) Operculum

(C) Columella (D) Annulus

95. Antherozoids of Riccia are—

(A) Monoflagellate (B) Biflagellate

(C) Quadriflagellate (D) Multiflagellate

96. Which one of the following vertebrate tissueswould be an excellent source of collagen ?

(A) Liver (B) Muscle

(C) Tendon (D) Nerve

Trained Graduate Teacher RecruitmentTest Science II (Zoology and Botany)

Publisher : Upkar Prakashan ISBN : 9788174820815 Author : Dr. A. P. Singh andDr. Rajendra Sharma

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