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HISTORY 0 5-13Ancient History ....................................................................................................... 05Medieval India ........................................................................................................ 06Modern History ....................................................................................................... 09
INDIAN CULTURE 1 4-17Visual Arts ............................................................................................................... 14Performing Arts ....................................................................................................... 15Religion, Language and Literature ......................................................................... 15Miscellaneous ......................................................................................................... 16
GEOGRAPHY 1 8General Geography ................................................................................................. 18Geomorphology ....................................................................................................... 18Oceanography ......................................................................................................... 21Climatology ............................................................................................................. 22Bio-Geography ......................................................................................................... 24Human and Economic Geography of the World .................................................... 24Indian Geography .................................................................................................... 27World Regional Geography ..................................................................................... 33
ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT 34-42Environmental Ecology ........................................................................................... 34Biodiversity .............................................................................................................. 35Resource Degradation and Management .............................................................. 37Environmental Pollution ......................................................................................... 37Climate Change ....................................................................................................... 39Environmental Governance .................................................................................... 40
INDIAN POLITY & GOVERNANCE 43-54Evolution of the Constitution ................................................................................. 43Salient Features of Indian Constitution ................................................................. 43Union & Its Territory ................................................................................................ 44
CONTENTS
Citizenship ............................................................................................................... 44Fundamental Rights ............................................................................................... 44Directive Principles of State Policy (Dpsp) ............................................................ 45Fundamental Duties ............................................................................................... 46System of Governance ........................................................................................... 46Union Executive ...................................................................................................... 47Union Legislature .................................................................................................... 47Union Executive ...................................................................................................... 48State Legislature ..................................................................................................... 48Local Government ................................................................................................... 49Union Territories and Special Areas ...................................................................... 49The Judiciary ........................................................................................................... 49Constitutional and Non Constitutional Bodies ..................................................... 49Political Dynamics .................................................................................................. 51Governance ............................................................................................................. 51International Relations ........................................................................................... 53
ECONOMY 55-59Basic Concepts ....................................................................................................... 55Economic Measurements ...................................................................................... 55Money and Banking ................................................................................................ 56Public Finance in India ........................................................................................... 57Planning .................................................................................................................. 57Open Economy ........................................................................................................ 58Economic Sectors ................................................................................................... 58
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 60-65Science and Technology in India ........................................................................... 60SPACE ...................................................................................................................... 60IT and Communication ........................................................................................... 61Materials, Nano Technology and ROBOTICS ......................................................... 63Defence .................................................................................................................... 63Nuclear Technology ................................................................................................ 64IPR and Other Miscellaneous Issues ..................................................................... 64Biotechnology ......................................................................................................... 64
GENERAL SCIENCE 67-68Biology ..................................................................................................................... 67
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Pre Historic Times1.
Periodization of Indian Pre History
Sources of Pre History
Palaeolithic Or Old Stone
Mesolithic Or Middle Stone Age
Neolithic Age Or New Stone Age
Chalcolithic Age
Major Chalcolithic Cultures
Early Iron Age
Geographical Distribution and Characteristics
Indus Valley Civilization2.
IVC Geography and Archaeological Findings
Major cities
Town Planning
IVC Society and Culture
Script and Language
Crafts
Religions
Seals and Images
IVC Economy
Harappan Trade
Agriculture
Domestication of animals
Weights and Measures
Decline of Harappan Culture
Rig Vedic Period3.
Sources for Reconstructing Vedic Society and Culture
Geography of the Rig Vedic Period - Area of Settlement
Political Organisation and Evolution of Monarchy
Social Organization
Economy
Religious Practices and Culture
Later Vedic Period4.
Geography of the later Vedic Phases - Area of Settlement
Political System
Social Organisation and Varna System
Economy
Religious Practices and Culture
Jainism5.
Birth and Life of Mahavira (540- 468 B.C.)
Teachings of Mahavira
Organisation and Sects of Jainism
Literature of Jainism
Councils, Spread and Royal Patrons
Buddhism6.
Birth and Life of Buddha (563-483 BC)
Teachings of Buddha
Organisation and Sects of Buddhism
Literature of Buddhism
Councils, Spread of and Royal Patronage
Causes for the Decline
HISTORY
ANCIENT HISTORY
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Major Dynasties (750-1200) of Early 1.
Medieval India
The Pratiharas (8th to 10th Century)
The Palas (8 th to 11th Century) The Tripartite Confl ict The Senas (11 th to 12th Century) The Rajaputas
Mahajanapadas Period7.
Republics and Monarchies
16 Mahajanapadas
Magadha
Key Dynasties
Haryanka dynasty
Shishunaga Dynasty
Nanda Dynasty
Persian Invasions
Alexander’s Invasion
Society and Rise of urban centres
Economy
System of Administration
Mauryan Empire8.
Sources: Inscriptions and Sites and Literary Sources (The Arthasastra)
Rulers and Political History of the Mauryas
Chandragupta and Bindusara
Megasthenes
Asoka and His Successors
Asoka’s Inscriptions and Sites
Asokan Reign
Asoka and Buddhism
Asoka Policy of Dhamma
Mauryan Administration
Foreign Relations
Decline of the Mauryas
Post-Mauryan India9.
Society: Evolution of Jatis
Satavahanas
Sungas and Kanvas
Sakas
Kushanas
Kanishka
Gupta Period10.
Sources of Gupta Rule
Rulers and Political history of Guptas Chronology
Foreign Travellers Visit – Fahien’s Visit
Gupta Administration
Other Important Dynasties
Society Religion and Culture
Urban centres in Gupta period
Economy
Science and Technology
Literature
Later Guptas
Other Important Dynasties
Harshavardhana Period11.
Harsha Military Conquests
Harsha and Buddhism
Administration
Society and Culture
Economy
Sangam Period (South Indian 12. Dynasties)
Sangam Literature
South Indian Dynasties
Cholas
Cheras
Pandyas
Sangam Polity, Society and Culture
Economy of Sangam Period
Foreign Dynasties
Commercial Contacts with the Outside World
Schools of Art
MEDIEVAL INDIA
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Pallavas
Chalukyas
Rashtrakutas
Indian Feudalism
Administration
Society and Culture
Economy and the decline of Trade
Cholas and Other South Indian 2. Kingdoms
Chola Rulers and Political History
Chola Administration
Socio-Economic Life
Education and Literature
The Cheras (9 th to 12th Century)
The Yadavas (12 th to 13th Century)
Contact with South-East Asia
Early Muslim Invasions3.
The Arab Conquest of Sindh
Mahmud of Ghazni
Muhammad Ghori
The Delhi Sultanate (1206-1526 4. AD)
Slave Dynasty
Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)
Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD)
Provincial Kingdoms and Resistance by Indian Chiefs
Sayyid Dynasty
Lodi Dynasty
Attacks by Mongolas and other Turks
Administration
Economy
Urbanization
Society and Culture
Scientifi c Knowledge and legal System
Challenges leading to the decline of the Sultanate
Struggle for Empire in North India 5. (Afghans, Rajputs and Mughals)
Struggle between Ibrahim Lodi and Babur
The Battle of Panipat
Babur’s problems after the Battle of Panipat
Struggle with RanaSanga
Problems of the Eastern Areas and the Afghans
Babur’s Contribution and Signifi cance of
his Advent into India
Humayun and the Afghans
Early Activities of Humayun, and the Tussle with Bahadur Shah
The Gujarat Campaign
The Bengal Campaign, and Struggle with Sher Khan
The Establishment of the North 6. Indian Empire
Social and Political Background of Bihar and the Rise of Sher Shah to Power
The Sur Empire (1540-56)
Contributions of Sher Shah
Coinage
Architecture
Consolidation and Expansion of the 7. Empire - Akbar
Confl ict with the Afghans - Hemu
2 nd Battle of Panipat
Struggle with the Nobility: Bairam Khan’s
Regency; Revolt of Uzbek Nobles
Early Expansion of the Empire (1560-76) - Malwa, Garh-Katanga, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Eastern India
Relations with the Rajputs - Growth of a Composite Ruling Class
Rebellions, and Further Expansion of the Empire in the North West
State and Government under Akbar8.
Akbar’s Concept of Suzerainty
Structure of Government, Central and Provincial -the Vikalat, the Central Ministries, Provincial
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Government, District and Local Government
The Working of Government - the Ruler, Land-Revenue System, the Dahsala System,
the Mansabdari System and the Army
Akbar’s Religious Views9.
Relations with the Ulama and Social Reforms
The Early Phase (1556-73)
The Second Phase (1573-80) - the Ibadat Khana
Debates - the Mahzar - Breach with Orthodox
Ulama - Re-organisation of Madadd-i-Maash Grants
Third or Final Phase - Din-i-Ilahi - State
Policies and religious toleration
The Deccan and the Mughals (Up to 10. 1657)
The Deccani States up to 1595
Mughal Advance towards the Deccan
Mughal Conquest of Berar, Khandesh and Parts of Ahmadnagar
Rise of Malik Ambar
Mughal Attempt at Consolidation (1601-27)
Extinction of Ahmadnagar, Acceptance of Mughal
Suzerainty by Bijapur and Golconda
Shah Jahan and the Deccan (1636-57)
Cultural Contribution of the Deccani States
Foreign Policy of the Mughals11.
Akbar and the Uzbeks
The Question of Qandahar and Relations with Iran
Shah Jahan’s Balkh Campaign
Mughal - Persian Relations - the Last Phase
India in the First Half of the 12. Seventeenth Century
Jahangir’s Accession - his Early Diffi culties
Territorial Consolidation and Expansion of the Empire - Mewar, East India and Kangra
NurJahan, and the NurJahan ‘Junta’
The Rebellions of Shah Jahan, and the coup de main of Mahabat Khan
Jahangir as a Ruler
State and Religion in the First Half of the Seventeenth Century
Shah Jahan - Consolidation and
Expansion of the Empire
Evolution of the Mughal Ruling Class and the Mansabdari System
Climax and Crisis of the Mughal 13. Empire: The Marathas and the Deccan
Rise of the Marathas - Early Career of Shivaji
Treaty of Purandar - the Agra Visit
Aurangzeb and the Deccani States (1658-87)
Marathas and the Decean (1687-1707)
Assessment of Aurangzeb and the Jagirdari Crisis
The Maratha and Other Indian 14. States and Society in The 18th Century
The Marathas and their Policy of Expansion
The Marathas and Nizam-ul-Mulk
The Maratha Advance into Gujarat and Malwa The Maratha Advance into Doab and Punjab:
First Phase (1741-52); Second Phase (1752-61);
Third Battle of Panipat
Shivaji (1627-1680)
Shivaji’s administration
Successors of Shivaji
The Peshwas (1713-1818)
Other Indian States ( The Bhonsles The Gaikwads Holkars Sindhias)
Economic Condition in 18th Century
Social and Cultural Life
Vijayanagar Empire15.
Sources
Political History
Administration
Social and Cultural Life
Economic Condition
Confl icts with the Bahmani Kingdom
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The Advent of Europeans In India1.
The Portuguese in India
De Almeida
Albuquerque
Causes of failure of Portuguese empire in India
The Dutch in India
The Danes in India
The English
The French
Anglo-French Rivalry
First Carnatic War
Rise of the Hyderahad State
The Second Carnatic War
The Third Carnatic War
Causes of English Succes
British Expansion in India2.
Bengal
Anglo Maratha Wars
The Subsidiary Alliance System
Second Phase of British
Expansion In India
The Conquest of Sindh
Anglo-Sikh Wars
Doctrine of Lapse
Annexation of Oudh
Administration before 18573.
The Dual System
The Charter Acts
Judicial System
Impact of British Administration
Regional States in the Medieval 16. Period
Regional States of North and South India (Bahmani, Bengal, Avadh, The Sikhs, Rajput States Jats Hyderabad Mysore)
Social and Cultural Conditions
Economic Conditions
Military Conditions
Northern India in the First Half of 17. the Eighteenth Century
Bahadur Shah I, and the Beginning of the Struggle For Wizarat
Rajput Affairs
Marathas and the Deccan - Accentuation of the Party Struggle
Struggle for ‘New’ Wizarat: Zulfi qar Khan and Jahandar Shah (1712-13)
The Saiyid Brothers’ Struggle for ‘New’ Wizarat
The Saiyid ‘New’ Wizarat
The Wizarat of M. Amin Khan and Nizam-ul-Mulk
Rise of Regional States, Beginning of Foreign Invasions of India (1725-48)
Society-Structure and Growth18.
Rural Society
Towns and Town Life
Artisans and Master-Craftsmen
Women
Servants and Slaves
Standard of Living
The Ruling Classes - Nobility, Rural Gentry
The Middle Strata
The Commercial Classes
Economic Life-Patterns and 19. Prospects
Inland Trade
Overseas Trade - Role of Foreign Trading
Companies - Position of Indian Merchants Over-land Trade
The Mughal State and Commerce
Trend of India’s Economy and Prospects during the First Half of the Eighteenth Century
MODERN HISTORY
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Economic Policies of The British4.
Phase of Mercantilism (1757-1813)
Phase of Free Trade (1813-1858)
Phase of Finance Imperialism (1858 onwards)
Land Revenue Policy
Ryotwari
Mahalwari
Permanent Settlement
Impact of British Policy on Indian Economy
Drain of Wealth Theory
Impact of British Administration5. Industrialization—Ruin of Artisans and
Handicrafts men
Impoverishment of Peasantry
Emergence of New Land Relations, Ruin of Old Zamindars
Stagnation and Deterioration of Agriculture
Commercialization of Indian Agriculture
Development of Modern Industry
Rise of Indian Bourgeoisie
Economic Drain
Famine and Poverty
Nationalist Critique of Colonial Economy
Abolition of the Dual System
The Revolt Of 18576.
Causes of the Revolt
Economic Causes
Political Causes
Administrative Causes
Socio -Religious Causes
Infl uence of Outside Events
Discontent Among Sepoy’s
Centres and Spread of the Revolt
Leaders of the Revolt
Causes of Failure of the Revolt
Nature and Impact of the Revolt
Consequences
Administrative Changes After 18577.
Administration - Central, Provincial, Local
Changes in the Army
Public Services
Princely States
Foreign Policy
Development of Civil Services8.
Indian Civili Services Act, 1861
Aitcision Comminittee on Public Services (1886)
Montford Reforms (1919)
Lee Commission (1924)
Government of India Act, 1935
Development of Education9.
Charter Act of 1813
Orientalist-Anglicism Controversy
Efforts of Thomson
Wood’s Dispatch (1854) Hunter Education Commission (1882-83)
Indian Universities Act, 1904
Government Resolution on Education Policy—1913
Saddler University Commission (1917-19)
Education Under Dyarchy
Hartog Committee (1929)
Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (1937)
Sergeant Plan of Education
Kothari Education Commission (1964-66)
Development of Vernacular Education
Development of Technical Education
Evaluation of British Policy on Education
Development of Press10.
Different Publications and Journals
Acts related to Press
Vernacular Press Act, 1878
Struggle by Early Nationalists to Secure Press Freedom ,
During and After the First World War
During the Second World War
After Independence
Socio-Religious Reforms11.
Factors causing Reforms
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Directions of refroms
Hindu Reform Movements
Reform Movements Among Muslims
Sikh Reform Movement
Parsi Reform Movement
Parsi Religious Reform Association
Signifi cance of Reform Movements
Impact of Reform Movements
Personalities12.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy
Swami Vivekananda
Swami DayanandaSaraswati
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
Keshab Chandra Sen
Sri Ramakrishna Paramhamsa
Mahadev Govind Ranade
Annie Besant–Theosophical Society
Syed Ahmad Khan
Baba Dayal Das
Pandita Ramabai Sarojini Naidu
Jyotiba Phule
Dr.Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
Peasant, Tribal and Other 13. Movements
Tribal Movements Bhil Uprising
Kol Uprising
Santhal Rebellion
Jaintia and Garo Rebellion
Rampa Rebellion
Munda Rebellion
Khonda Dora Uprisings
Tana Bhagat Movement
Peasant Movements
Champaran Satyagraha
Kheda Peasant Struggle
Bardoli Movement
Moplah Rebellion
Tebhaga Movement
Telangana Movement
Revolutionary Nationalism14.
Early Phase Indian National Congress
The Moderate Congress (1885-1905)
Opinion Against Economic Exploitation Administrative Reforms Constitutional Reforms : Weaknesses & Evaluation
The Extremist (1905-1920)
Terrorist Movements
The Revolutionary Movement
Reasons for Failure
Revolutionary Activities in Maharashtra
Revolutionary Activities in Bengal
Revival of Revolutionary Nationalism
Surya Sen
Revolutionary Activities Outside India
The Indian Independence Committee in Berlin
Differences between the Moderates and the Extremists
Indian National Movement – I 15. (1905-1918)
Partition of Bengal (1905)
Swadeshi Movement
Muslim League, 1906
Surat Session of INC, 1907
Indian Council Act (Morley-Minto Act) 1909
Ghadar Party, 1913
Komagata Maru Incident 1914
The Lucknow Pact (1916)
Home Rule Movement (1915–1916)
August Declaration, 1917
Indian National Movement –II 16. (1918-1929)
World War I-Reforms and Agitation
Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
Ahmadabad Mill Strike (1918)
Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
The Government of India Act, 1919
Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919)
Khilafat Movement
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The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22)
Bardoli Resolution
Nagpur Session of Congress
Swaraj Party and its Evaluation
Muddiman Committee (1924)
Simon Commission (1927)
Bardoli Satyagraha (1928)
Nehru Report (1928)
Jinnah’s Fourteen Points
Lahore Session, 1929
Allahabad Address (1930)
Indian National Movement - III 17. (1930-1947)
Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1931)
First Round Table Conference, 1930
Gandhi-Irwin Pact, 1931
Karachi session of 1931
Second Round Table Conference, 1931
Civil Disobedience Movement (Second-Phase)
Third Round Table Conference (17 November 1932)
Communal Award
Poona Pact, 1932
Government of India Act, 1935
World War II and Indian Nationalism
Resignation of Congress Ministers (1939)
Poona Resolution and Conditional Support to Britain (1941)
August Offer of 1940
The Individual Civil Disobedience
Two-Nation Theory
Demand for Pakistan (1942)
Cripps Mission (1942)
Quit India Movement
Azad Hind Fauj
Indian National Army
I.N.A. Trials
R.I.N. Rebellion
Rajagopalachari Formula, 1945
Desai - Liaqat Pact
Cabinet Mission (1946)
Wavell Plan
Jinnah’s Direct Action Resolution
Mountbatten Plan of June 1947
Indian Independence Act 1947
Governor Generals During British 18. India
Governor of Bengal (Before 1773)
Governor Generals of Bengal (1773-1833)
Governor Generals of India (1832-1858)
Viceroy and Governor Generals of India (1858-1947)
List Robert Clive (1754-1767)
Lord Warren Hastings (1773-1785)
Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793)
Sir John Shore (1793-1798)
Lord Arthur Wellesley (1798-1805)
Lord George Barlow (1805-1807)
Lord Minto-I (1807-1813)
Francis Rawdon Hastings (1813-1823): (Marques of Hastings)
Lord Amherst (1823-28)
Lord William Bentinck (1828-1835)
Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835-1836)
Lord Auckland (1836-1842)
Lord Ellenborough (1842-1844)
Lord Hardinge-I (1844-1848)
Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856 great imperialist and colonist)
Lord Canning (1856-1857 and 1858-1862)
Lord Elgin-I (1862-1863)
Lord Lawrence (1864-1869)
Lord Mayo (1869-1872)
Lord Northbrook (1872-1876)
Lord Lytton (1876-1880)
Lord Rippon (1880-1884)
Lord Dufferin (1884-1888)
Lord Lansdowne (1888-1894)
Lord Elgin-II (1894-1999)
Lord Curzon (1899-1905)
Lord Minto-II (1905-1910)
Lord Hardinge-II (1910-1916)
Lord Chelmsford (1916-1921)
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Remarks
Lord Reading (1921-1926)
Lord Irwin (1926-1931)
Lord Willingdon (1931-1936)
Lord Linlithgow (1936-1944)
Lord Wavell (1944-1947)
Lord Mountbatten (1947-1948)
Constitutional Development in 19. India
Regulating Act 1773
Pitts India Act of 1784
Charter Act of 1793
Charter Act of 1813
Charter Act of 1833
Charter Act of 1853
Government of India Act 1858
The Indian Councils Act 1861
Indian Councils Act 1892
Indian Councils Act 1909 or Morley - Minto Reforms
Government of India Act 1919 or Montague - Chelmsford Reforms
Government of India Act 1935
Indian Independence Act, 1947
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Architecture1.
Harappan Period
Mauryan Architecture
Post-Mauryan Period
Gupta Period
Temples of Khajuraho
Temples of Odisha
Temples of Gwalior
Temples of Gujarat
Temples of Rajasthan
Temples of Bengal
Temples of Assam
Temples of Himachal Pradesh
Temples of Jammu and Kashmir
Pallava Period Temples
Chola Period Temples
Pandya Temples
Vijaynagar Period Temples
NayakaTemples
Temples of Kerala
Rashtrakuta Period Temples
Schools of Temple Architecture
Nagara Style
Vesara Style
Hoysala Style
Dravidian Style
Indo-Islamic Architecture
Imperial Style (Delhi Sultanate)
Provincial Style
Mughal Style
Sikh Style of Architecture
Avadh (Oudh) Style
Rajput Architecture
Jaina Art
Modern Architecture
European Infl uence
Portuguese
Danish
British
Indo-Saracenic Architecture
Post-Independence Period
Sculptures2.
Sculptures of Harappan Civilisation
Sculptures of Mauryan Age
Post-Mauryan Period
Jain Sculptures
Buddhist Sculpture
Gupta Sculpture
Medieval School of Sculpture
Modern Indian Sculpture
Paintings3.
Cave Paintings
Tradition of Mural Paintings in India
Tradition of Miniature Paintings in India
Paintings in the Deccan
Rajput School of Painting
Pahari School of Painting
INDIAN CULTURE
VISUAL ARTS
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PERFORMING ARTS
RELIGION, LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
Miniature Painting in South India
Regional Paintings
Modern Paintings
Contemporary Paintings
Pottery Tradition4.
Ochre: Coloured Pottery(OCP)
Black and Red Ware (BRW)
Painted Grey Ware (PGW)
Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW)
Glazed and Unglazed Pottery
Numismatics5.
Coinage
Music in India1.
Classical Indian Music
Hindustani Music
Gharanas
Carnatic Music
Main Pillars of Indian Music
Forms of Indian Music
Musical Instruments
Institutions Related to Music in India
Folk Music
Dances in India2.
Concept of Dance in India
Concept of Ashta Nayika
Rasa and Bhava
Eight Classical Dance Forms in India
Folk Dances
Modern Dances
Sports in India3.
Various Type of Sports
Genesis of Martial Arts
Forms of Traditional Martial Arts
Animal Sports
Indian Theatre4.
History of Theatre in India
Classical Sanskrit Theatre
Traditional Theatre
Regional Theatre
Modern Theatre in India
Renaissance of Indian Theatre
Cinema in India
History of Indian Cinema
Classifi cation of Indian Cinema Film
Indian Puppetry5.
String Puppets
Shadow Puppets
Rod Puppets
Glove puppets
Modern Puppetry
Tribal Puppetry
Religions in-India1.
Pre-Vedic Religion
Hinduism
Buddhism
Jainism
Sikhism
Islam
Christianity
Zoroastrianism
Judaism
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Government Cultural Institutions in India
UNESCO’s List of Cultural Heritage in India
Protection and Promotion of Indian
Culture and Heritage :Legal Provisions
Schemes and Awards
Awards and Honours Associated with Culture
International Yoga Day
Indian Handicrafts
Personalities Related to Culture
Places of Cultural Interest
The Calendar & the Eras
Science and Technology in Ancient India
Recent developments
Important Festivals
Kheer Bhawani festival
Mahapushkaram
Bathu kamma
Manipur Sangai Festival
Losar festival
Intangible Cultural Heritage under UNESCO has inscribed ´Kumbh Mela’
Sankalp Parva-Sankalp se Siddhi’
Paryatan Parv
Bharat Parv
Orange Festival Nagpur
Protest against Sunburn fest
2017 Teesta Rangit Tourism Festival
Ganga sagarmela
Nabakalebar Rath Yatra
Chapchar Kut Festival
Hornbill Festival
Wangala Festival
Schemes for Cleanliness of Tourist Places Swachh Bharat Swachh Smarak
‘Swachh Bharat Swachh Paryatan’
Incredible India 2.0 Campaign
Schemes for Development of Cultural Heritage
Sanskriti App
Cultural Mapping of India
Schemes for Monument Development
HRIDAY
SWADESH DARSHAN
PRASAD SCHEME
AdarshSmarak Yojana
Cultural Scheme Monitoring System
Schemes for promotion of Culture
Schemes for Serious Literature and Litterateurs
Philosophy in India
Bhakti Movement Saints of Bhakti Movement Sufi sm
Languages and Literature in India2.
Classical Language
Sanskrit Literature
Pali Literature
Prakrit Literature
Tamil Literature
Telugu Literature
Malayalam Literature
Kannada Literature
Odia Literature
Assamese Literature
Bengali Literature
Gujarati Literature
Rajasthani Literature
Punjabi Literature
Marathi Literature
Hindi Literature
Persian Literature
Urdu Literature
Infl uence/Contribution of foreign languages & Literature to India language
MISCELLANEOUS
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National Mission on Monuments and Antiquities
National Mission on Manuscripts
Gandhi Heritage Sites Mission
Muziris Heritage Site
International Initiatives for Cultural
Development and Recognition
Project Mausam
International Buddhist Conclave
World’s Heritage
UNESCO inscribes Yoga in the representative list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
UNESCO Creative Cities Network
UNESCO Global Geopark
National Virtual Library of India
Jallikattu
Kambala
GI Tag
Defi nition
GI vs. Trademark
Rights under GI
Famous Goods
Latest addition
Rashtriya Ekta Diwas
Remarks
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Earth’s Interior1.
Interior of the Earth
Crust
Mantle
Core
Sources of Information Direct
Indirect - Earth Quake Waves Volcanoes
Theories – Suess Theory
Geology and Rock system2.
Minerals
Major Elements of the Earth’s Crust
Minerals – Feldspar, Quartz, Pyroxene Amphibole, Mica , Olivine
Physical Characteristics–Crystal Form, Cleavage Fracture, Lusture, Color, Streak
Transparency, Structure, Hardness, Specifi c Gravity
Metallic minerals – precious Ferrous, Non Ferrous
Non-metallic Minerals – Sulphur, Phosphates, Cement
Rocks (Aggregate of Minerals)
Petrology
Rocks & landforms
Rocks & Soils
GEOGRAPHY
GENERAL GEOGRAPHY
GEOMORPHOLOGY
Universe1.
Theories of development of Universe
Galaxy
Star formation
Planet formation
Solar system
Moon
Asteroid
Meteor
Kupier belt
Comets
Dwarf planets
Earth Evolution2.
Geological History of Earth
Evolution of the Earth Layered Structure
Evolution of Lithosphere
Evolution of Atmosphere
Evolution of Hydrosphere
Latitude and Longitude including important Parallels and Meridians
Motions of the Earth - Rotation, Revolution and their effects
Inclination of the Earth’s Axis and its effects
Time Zones, Local and Standard Time and the International Date Line, Calendar
Eclipses - Solar, Lunar
Earth’s magnetic fi eld
Earth’s Geological time scale ORIGIN of LIFE
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3 Family of Rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamo rphic
Geomorphic Processes3.
Earth’s Surface
Exogenic Forces
Endogenic Forces
Gradation , Degradation & Agradation
Endogenic Forces
Diastrophism
Orogenic
Epierogenic
Earthquakes
Plate movements
Volcanism
Exogenic Forces
Denudation Processes
Weathering
Mass movements
Erosion Transportation & Deposition
Earthquakes and Volcanism4.
Earthquakes
Waves: P,S, Body, Surface,
Shadow Zone
Types of Earthquakes
Effects
Frequency
Locating an Epicentre
Volcanism
Types
Shield
Composite
Caldera
Flood Basalt
Mid Ocean Ridge
Landforms (intrusive)
Batholiths
Lacoliths
Lopoliths
Phacoliths
Sills
Dykes
Distribution of Continents & 5. Oceans
The ories
Continental Drift Theory
Alfred Wegner
Pangea, Panthalasa
Laurasia, Gondwanaland
Evidence in support of Continental Drift Theory
Jigsaw Fit
Rocks of Same age across oceans
Tillite
Placer Deposits
Distribution of Fossils
Isostacy
Sea Floor Spreading
Forces of Drifting
Pole Fleeing Force
Tidal Force
Post Drift Studies
Convectional Current Theory
Mapping of the Ocean Floor
Plate Tectonics
Lithospheric Plates - Major Plate - Minor Plates
Plate Boundaries – Divergent – Convergent – Transform
Rates of Plate Movements
Force of plate movement
Indian Plate
Landforms and their evolution6.
Causes
Geomorphic Processes
Geomorphic Agents
Geomorphic Agent
Erosional or Destructional
Depositional or Constructional
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Agents and their Impacts - Wind, Running Water, Ground Water, Glaciers, Waves & Currents
Winds
As agents in Hot deserts
Cause – Defl ation Abrasion Impact
Erosional landforms
Pediments and Pediplains
Playas
Defl ation Hollows and Caves
Mushroom , Table & Pedestal Rocks
Depositional Landforms
Barchans
Seif
Parabolic
Transverse
Longitudinal
Running Water
Erosional Landforms
Valleys
Rills
Gullies
Valleys – V Shape , Gorge (Hard Rocks), Canyon (Sedimentary)
Potholes & Plunge pools
Incised or entrenched meanders
River Terraces – paired & unpaired
Depositional Landforms
Alluvial Fans
Delta
Flood plains, Natural Levees, Point Bars
Meansders, Slip off bank, Under cut bank
Oxbow lake
Braided Channels
Ground Water (Karst Topography)
Permeable Rocks
Percolation
Bedding Plains
Limestone and Dolomite Regions
Balkans , Adjacent to Adriatic regions
Erosional Landforms
Pools - Swallow Hole, Valley Sinks (Uvalas), Sinkholes, Collapse sinks(Dolines), Lapies, Ridges, Limestone Pavements
Caves – Altering bed of Rocks (Shale sandstone quartzit, Caves and Tunnels
Depositional landforms
Stalactites
Stalagmites
Pillar Columns
Glaciers
Erosional Landforms
Cirque of Tarn Lakes
Hors and Serrated Regions – Arete
Glacial Valleys / Troughs – Fiords
Depositional Landforms
Glacial Tills
Moraines
Eskers
Outwash Planes
Drumlins
Waves and Currents
High Rocky Coasts & Low Sedimentary Coasts
Erosional Landforms
Cliffs
Terraces
Caves
Stacks
Depositional Landforms
Beaches and Dunes
Bars, Barriers, Spits
Weathering
Factors
Geological
Climatic
Topograhic
Vegetative
Major Processes
Chemical
Physical or Mechanical
Biological
Chemical – Forces Chemical Action
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Solution
Carbonation
Hydration
Oxidation & Reduction
Physical Forces Gravitational,
Expansion, Water Pressure
Unloading & Expansion
Temperature changes and Expansion
Freezing, Thawing, & Frost Wedging
Salt Weathering
Biological Weathering
Burrowing
Wedging
Plant Roots
Effects of Weathering
Exfoliation (Flakin) – Exfoliation Domes
Signifi cance of Weathering
Soil Formation
Biomes and Biodiversity
Leaching / Enrichment
Mass Movements
Activating causes
Forms of movement – Heave Flow Slide
Landforms across the world7.
Rivers and lakes (Factual)
Mountain and Peaks (Factual)
Plateaus ( Factual)
Hydroshpere1.
W ater on the Surface of the Earth
Hydrological Cycle
Component
Processes
Submarine Relief Features2.
Oceans
Relief of the Ocean fl oor
Divisions of the ocean fl oor
Continental Shelf
Continental Slope
Deep sea plain
Oceanic deep and Trenches
Minor relief features
Mid oceanic ridges
Seamount
Submarine canyons
Guyouts
Volcanic Islands
Fracture Zones
Hotspots
Coral Islands
Atoll
Temperature and Salinity3.
Temperature of the Ocean Water
Vertical
Spatial
Factors affecting Temperature distribution
Latitude
Unequal distribution of land & Water
Prevailing wind
Ocean Currents
Horizontal & Vertical Distribution
Salinity of the Ocean Water Factors affecting salinity
Evaporation and precipitation
Fresh water fl ow from rivers
Ocean currents
Horizontals distribution of salinity
Vertical Distribution of salinity
Density of Ocean Waters
Waves, Ocean Currents, Tides4.
Movements of ocean Water
Factors infl uencing Movement
Temperature
Salinity
Density
OCEANOGRAPHY
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Motion – Horizontal and Vertical Currents
Waves
Motion of waves and water molecules
Characteristics of wave
Crest and Trough
Height
Amplitude
Period
Length
Speed
Frequency
Tides
Relation between Gravitational Forces and Tides
Tidal currents
Types of Tides
Based on Frequency – Semi Diurnal, Diurnal, mixed
Based on SME position – spring and Neap Tides
Importance of Tides
Ocean Currents
Primary Force that initiates the movement
Heating of solar energy
Wind
Gravity
Coriolis force
Secondary force that infl uence the currents to fl ow
Types of ocean currents:
Surface currents & Deep water currents based on Depth
Cold and Warm Currents based on Temperature
Major Ocean currents of the World
Effects of Ocean Currents
Marine Resources5.
Underground water resource
Surface water resources
Inland water resources: Utilization of inland water resources
Oceanic Water Resources (Marine Resource)
Utilization of oceans by man
Water consumption patterns
Conservation of Water Resources
Techniques of Water Conservation
Ocean Deposits and Corals6.
Terrigenous Deposits
Volcanic Deposits
Biotic deposits
Neritic
Pelagic ( Calcereous , Siliceous )
Abiotic Deposits
Coral Reefs
Great Barrier Reef
Atmosphere1.
Composition
Gases
Water Vapour
Dust Particles
Structure
Exosphere
Thermosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
Altitude vs. Temperature
Inversion of Temperature2.
Temperature
Factors controlling Temp distribution
Distribution of Temp Month of January-July
Range of Temp Month of January-July
Inversion of Temperature
CLIMATOLOGY
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Insolation and Heat Budget3.
Solar Radiation Heat Balance Temperature
Insolation
Aphelion and Perihelion
Variability of Insolation at the surface of the Earth
Day Season Year
Rotation on Axis, Angle of Inclination of sun rays, Length of the day
Transparency of Atmosphere, confi guration of land in terms of its aspect.
Heat Balance
Heating and cooling of atmosphere
Conduction
Convection
Advection
Terrestrial Radiation
Heat Budget of the Planet Earth
Macro Budget
Albedo
Shortwave Radiation
Long wave Earth Radiation
Variation in the net Heat Budget at the Earth’s Surface
Winds and Pressure belts4.
Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems
Atmospheric Pressure
Vertical variation of pressure
Horizontal distribution of pressure
World Distribution of Sea Level Pressure
Factors affecting the velocity and direction of the Wind
Pressure Gradient Force
Frictional Force
Coriolis Force
Pressure and Wind (Cyclonic & Anticyclone Circulation)
General Circulation of the Atmosphere – Pattern of Planetary Winds
Latitudinal Variation of Atmospheric Heating
Emergence of Pressure Belts
Migration of Belts Following apparent Path of Sun
Distribution of continents & Oceans
Rotation of the Earth
Circulation
Simplifi ed Global Circulation – Hadley Cell , Ferrel Cell
Seasonal Wind
Local Wind
Land and Sea Breezes
Mountain and Valley Winds
Air Mass, Fronts, Cyclones and Jet 5. Stream
Air mass & fronts
Cyclones
Thunderstorms
Tornadoes
Monsoons
Fronts
Precipitation6.
Water in the Atmosphere
Water Vapour
Precipitation
Humidity – Absolute and Relative
Saturation – Dew Point
Evaporation and Condensation
Dew
Frost
Fog & Mist
Clouds
Types – Cirrus, Cumulus, Stratus, Nimbus
High – Cirrus, Cirrostratus, Cirrocumulus
Middle – Altostratus, Altocumulus
Low – Stratocumulus, Nimbostratus
Vertical Development – Cumulus and Cumulonimbus
Precipitation
Rainfall, Snowfall, Sleet Hail, Hailstones
Types of Rainfall
Conventional Orographic
Cyclonic
World Distribution of Rainfall
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Soil Characteristics1.
Soil Characteristics
Factors Responsible for Soil Formation
Stages of Soil Formation
Soil Forming Processes
Soil Profi les and Horizons
Soil Classifi cation
Soil Erosion and Conservation
Vegetation resources2.
Types of natural vegetation
Forests
Signifi cance of forests
Economic signifi cance, Ecological signifi cance
Cultural signifi cance
Factors of forest development
Extent of forest cover
Classifi cation of forests
Grasslands
Desert vegetation
Tundra Vegetation
Economic utilization of forests
Deforestation
Deforestation in tropical forests
Deforestation in temperate forests
Rate and extent of deforestation
Causes and factors of deforestation: Immediate causes of deforestation
Indirect deforestation
Underlying causes of deforestation
Conservation of forests
Forest conservation strategies
Reforestation
Monoculture plantation
Afforestation
Types of forestry
Social forestry
Agro-forestry
Demography and Census1.
Concept of human resources
Factors affecting the distribution of Population
Geographical Factors
Availability of water
Landforms
Climate
Soils
Economic Factors
Minerals
Urbanisation
Industrialisation
Climatic Zones of the World7.
Koppene’s Classifi cation Climatic Zones
World Climate
The Hot, Wet Equatorial Climate
The Tropical Monsoon and Tropical Marine Climates
The Savanna or Sudan Climate
The Hot Desert and Mid-Latitude Desert Climates
The Warm Temperate Western Margin (Mediterranean) Climate
The Temperate Continental (Steppe Climate)
The Warm Temperate Eastern Margin (China Type Climate)
The Cool Temperate Western Margin (British Type Climate)
The Cool Temperate Continental (Siberian) Climate
The Cool Temperate Eastern Margin (Lauren-tian) Climate
The Arctic or Polar Climate
BIO-GEOGRAPHY
HUMAN AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF THE WORLD
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Socio-cultural factors
Population Growth
Growth of Population
Growth Rate of Population
Natural growth of Population
Positive Growth of Population
Negative Growth of Population
Components of Population change
Crude Birth Rate
Crude Death Rate
Migration – Place of Origin and Place of Destination
Immigration
Emigration
Push Factors and Pull Factors
Trends in Population Growth
Doubling time of world population
Spatial pattern of Population change
Impact of Population Change
Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition Theory
Demographic Cycle
Theories of population growth
Malthusian theory
Marxian theory
Demographic Transition Theory
Optimum population
Over-population
Under-population
Population Control Measures World population distribution, Density and Growth
Continent-wide distribution of population
Pattern of population density globally
Population increase in the world
Population Composition
Sex composition
Sex Ratio
Natural Advantage vs Social Advantage
Age Structure
Age – sex Pyramid
Expanding Populations
Constant Population
Declining Popoulation
Literacy – literacy Rate
Rural Urban Composition
Occupational Structure
Religion based Composition
Population problems
Population problems of developing countries
Population problems of developed countries
Population Policies: of China, of India
Census 2011
Census Terminologies
Census of India important information
Human Development2.
Growth vs Development
The four pillars of Development
Equity
Sustainability
Productivity
Empowerment
Approaches to Human Development
Measuring Human Development
Income Approach
Welfare Approach
Basic Needs Approach
Capability Approach
Internation Comparisions of Human Development
Economic activities3.
Primary Activities
Hunting and Gathering Pastoralism
Nomadic Herding
Commercial livestock Rearing
Agriculture
Subsistence Agriculture
Primitive Subsistence Agriculture
Intensive Subsistence Agriculture
Planation Agriculture
Extensive Commercial Grain Cultivation
Mixed Farming
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Dairy Farming
Mediterranean Agriculture
Viticulture
Market Gardening and Horticulture – Truck Farming
Cooperative Farming
Collective Farming
Mining
Factors affecting Mining
Methods of Mining – Open Cast and underground mining
Secondary Activities
Manufacturing
Characteristics of Modern large scale Manufacturing
Specialisation of Skills/ methods of Production, Mechanisation - Technological Innovation
Access to market, Access to labour Supply, Access to Sources of Energy, Access to Transportaion and communication Facilities
Government Policy
Classifi cation of Manufacturing Industries
Industries based on size
Small Scale manufacturing
Large Scale manufacturing
Industries based on Inputs/ Raw Materials
Agro Based industries
Mineral Based Industries
Chemical based Industries
Forest based Raw material using industries
Animal Based industries
Industries based on Output/Product
Industries based on ownership
Tertiary, Quaternary and Quinary Activities
Types of Tertiary Activities
Retail trading
Trade and commerce
Wholesale Trading
Transport
Communication
Services
People engaged in tertiary Activities
Tourism
Medical Services
Quaternary Activities
Quinary Activities
Concept of Digital Divide
Transport and Communication4.
Transport
Modes of Transportation
Land Transport
Roads
Railways
Water Transport
Sea Routes
Inland Waterways
Air Transport
Pipelines
Communications
Satellite communication
Cyber space internet
International Trade5.
History of international Trade
Basis of International Trade
Difference in national resources
Population Factors
Stage of Economic Development
Extent of Foreign Investment
Transport
Important aspects of International Trade
Volume of Trade
Composition of Trade
Direction of Trade
Balance of Trade
Types of International Trade
Case of Free Trade
WTO – World Trade Organisation and Regional Trade Blocs
Gateways of International Trade
Ports
Industrial Ports
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Commercial Ports
Comprehensive Ports
Inland Ports
Out Ports
Oil Ports
Port of call
Packet station
Entrepot Ports
Naval Ports
Settlement6.
Types and Patterns of settlements
Compact of Nucleated Settlements
Dispersed settlement
Rural Settlements
Factors affecting location of
rural settlements
Patterns of Rural settlements
Urban Settlements
Classifi cation of Urban Settlements
Factors affecting location of rural settlements
Functions of Urban Centre
Classifi cation of Towns on the basis of Forms
Types of Urban Settlements
Town, City, Conurbation, Megalopolis, Million City
Issues of Urbanization in India
Rural Urban Migration
Emergence of Slums
Inclusive Cities/Smart cities
Physiography of India1.
Geological Region
Location
Physiographic Sub-Units
Himalayans
Northern Plains
Peninsular Plateau
Thar Desert
Coastal Plain
The Islands
Mountain System
Classifi cation of The Himalayan System
Regional Division of the Himalaya
The Peninsular - Peninsular Plateaus
Plains - Northern Plains of India
Lakes
Deserts
Indian Coasts and Islands
Drainage System2.
Classifi cation of Drainage
Himalayan Drainage
Indus river system
Indus drainage system
Ganga River System
Brahmaputra river system
Peninsular River System
East fl owing Rivers
West fl owing Rivers
Mains Rivers and their tributaries
Famous cities and river banks
Climate3.
Factors infl uencing the climate of India
Monsoon
Mechanism of the Monsoon
Classical Theory
Modern theory
Air mass theory
Jet stream theory
EL NINO and LA NINA
Seasonal rhythm
Koppen’s Climatic classifi cation
Indian Droughts and Floods
Soils in India4.
Soil Acidity
INDIAN GEOGRAPHY
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Soil textures
Minerals of Soil
Soil Erosion
Soil Conservation
Natural Vegetation5.
Vegetation
Mangroves
Distribution of Forest Area
Forest Problems in India
Population6.
Size, growth rate and distribution of population
India in World Population
Demographic transition
Census in India
Ranking of States and Union
Territories by population: 2001 & 2011
Population Growth Rates
Population: States and UT
Decadal growth rate
National Population Policy
Density of population
Literacy
Literacy in major states
Literacy rate in India: 1951-2011
Ranking of States and UTs by 206
literacy rate: 2011
Gender composition of the Population
Trends in Sex Ratio in India
Child sex ratio in age group 0-6 yrs
Sex ratio of age 7 years and above population
Old Age People
Health Indicators
Settlements and Urbanization7.
Rural Settlements
Factors affecting settlement patterns
Settlement types
Urbanization
Urban Agglomeration / Cities
Land Resource8.
Land-use
Land capability classifi cation
Causes of Land Degradation
Impact of Land Degradation
Steps taken by GOI
Sustainable Land Management
Mineral Resource9.
Types of minerals: Metallic minerals
Non-metallic mineral
Distribution of minerals and mining regions
Distribution, production and international
trade of Metallic minerals: Ferrous metals: Iron ore
Ferro-alloys and non-ferrous
Manganese
Chromium
Nickel
Tungsten
Antimony
Copper
Bauxite and Aluminium
Zinc; Lead
Tin
Gold
Silver
Platinum
Mineral chemicals
Mica
Potash
Phosphate
Nitrates
Sulphur
Conservation of mineral resources
Energy resources10.
Classifi cation of energy
Production of conventional energy
General trends of energy production and consumption
Reserves and sources of energy
Coal
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Nature and origin of coal
Constituents and kinds of coal
Coal fi elds and coal production
Byproducts of coal
Conservation of Coal
Petroleum
Nature and properties of petroleum
Origin and recovery
Exploration
Petroleum refi ning
Petroleum reserves
Producing areas
Consumption of petroleum
International trade
OPEC and its role in oil trade
Natural gas: Reserves and Production
Hydro-electricity
Advantages of hydro-electricity
Ideal conditions for generation of hydro-electricity
Distribution of potential hydro-power
Hydro-electric power generation in India
Atomic (nuclear) energy
Atomic: source minerals: Uranium
World distribution of Uranium
Production of Uranium
Thorium
Production of Atomic (Nuclear) Energy
Nuclear Energy
Alternative (non-conventional) sources of energy
Solar energy
Wind energy
Geothermal power
Tidal energy
Wave energy
Biomass energy
Agriculture Basic Terminologies11.
Performance of the agriculture sector
Types of farming in India
Dry zone farming
Organic farming
Cropping seasons in India
Cropping Pattern in India
Agriculture regionalization
Infrastructure factors: Seeds; Fertilizers; Irrigation
Land use pattern in India
Institutional Factors as land reform
Horticulture sector in India
Agricultural revolutions
Agricultural labours
Price Policy for Agriculture
Agricultural marketing
Agricultural Insurance
Agricultural Census
Major schemes in agricultural sector
National Policy for farmers
Impact of climate change on agriculture
What is sustainable agriculture?
Use of IT in agriculture
Agriculture Issues and Challenges
Recent developments in agriculture 12. fi eld
NITI Aayog proposed the idea of taxation of agricultural income
Removing agricultural commodities from the essential commodities Act: NITI Aayog
Feminization of Agriculture
e-auction portal : e-Rakam for selling agricultural produce
“AGRI-UDAAN” – Food and agri-business acceleration 2.0 to bring startup revolution
APEDA (Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Act)
SMAM (Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization)
Jute-ICARE Project
Project CHAMAN
Doubling the farmers income: Ashok Dalwai Committee
RKVY-RAFTAAR
Agro Irradiation Centers
Agricultural Marketing and Farm Friendly Reforms Index
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National Food Security Act
Digitization and Agriculture
Direct Benefi t Transfer in Fertilizer Sector
Draft Regulation on Fortifi cation of Foods
Law Commission Recommendation on Food Laws
Concept of Modern Terminal Markets
Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries
e-Pashuhaat Portal
Schemes of Bio-Tech Kisan and Cattle Genomics
RashtriyaGokul Mission
Mission Fingerling
Ornamental Fishing
Agricultural Science Congress
RubSiS
Ethanol Blending
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
Amendments to the NABARD Act, 1981
Revenue Insurance Scheme for Plantation Crops
Neem Coating of Urea
National Agriculture Market
Productivity of Crops and 13. conditions for growth
Wheat
Conditions of growth
Varieties
Types of cultivation
Production pattern
International trade
Rice
Conditions of growth
Varieties
Methods of cultivation
Production pattern
International trade
Maize (Corn)
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Barley
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Oats
Rye
Beverages
Tea
Condition of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Coffee
Types of coffee
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Cocoa
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Tobacco
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Fibre Crops
Cotton
Varieties of cotton
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Jute
Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Substitutes of Jute: Flax, Hemp
Raw Silk
Production pattern
States
Natural Rubber
Other sources of rubber
Plantations in South-east Asia
Production pattern
Sugarcane
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Conditions of growth
Production pattern
International trade
Sugarbeet—Conditions of growth
Production pattern
Sugar industry
Sugar consumption
International trade.
Industry14.
Industrial development
Iron and Steel Industry
Location of iron and steel industry
Development of iron manufacture
Distribution of iron and steel industry
Global steel production
International trade in Steel
Textile Industry
Cotton Textile Industry: Location of the industry
Recent trends in localization
Distribution and production of cotton textiles
Woollen textile industry: Location of the industry
Silk textile industry: Raw silk manufacture
Silk textile manufacturing
Synthetic (artifi cial) silk industry
Distribution of man-made fi bre and fabrics
Engineering Industries
Machine tools and machines: Areas of production
Industrial machinery: Textile machinery
Agricultural machinery
Manufacturing of transport equipment
Automobile industry
Shipbuilding
Aircrafts Industry
Fertilizer industry: Nitrogen fertilizers
Phosphate fertilizers
Potash fertilizers
Agro-industries
Synthetic rubber industry
Pulp and paper industry: Essential
conditions for pulp production
Production of paper and paper board
Newsprint
Cement industry
Distribution of cement industry
Recent trends: Main global competitors
Petroleum refi ning industry: Localization
Site selection of petroleum refi neries
History of oil refi neries
World pattern of oil refi ning
Petroleum products
Industrial Regions
Characteristics of industrial regions
Delimitation of an industrial region
Principal industrial regions of the world
Industrial regions of Anglo America—USA, Canada, Western Europe and Central Britain, Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, France, Italy, Eastern Europe, Poland, Former USSR
Eastern Asia—Japan, China, the ‘Dragons’, India, High tech patterns.
Transport15.
Importance and development of transport
Means of transport
Transport costs and economic distance
Operating costs in transport
Relative importance of means of transport: Railways, Roads, Pipeline, Oceans, Air transport
Profi ts and freight rates
Government’s transport policy
Ocean transport routes
Inland waterways
Main regions of inland waterways
Railways: Factors affecting the railroads
Distribution of railroads in the world
Air transport: Factors infl uencing air transport
Air transport in various continents
Pipeline transport
Petroleum (oil) pipelines
Gas pipelines
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Recent Development in Transport 16. Sector
Rural electrifi cation corporation: First green bond
Time and costs over runs of infrastructure projects
India’s First Mega Coastal Economic Zone (CEZ) to come up in Maharashtra
Logistic sector gets infrastructure status
AIIB approves $150 million for India infrastructure fund
Ro-Ro Ferry service
Bharatmala project for construction of 24,000 km of highway connecting Western and Eastern part
Union Ministry of shipping is planning to expand Logistics Data Bank (LDB)
Railways India Development Fund
National Infrastructure Investment Fund
Defence Innovation Fund
Flexi Fare Method in Railway
Rail Cadre Management
TRI-NETRA in Railways
National Rail Plan 2030
India’s First Caterpillar Train
Green corridor concept
Made in India ‘Medha’ train
Antyodaya Express
Smart Railway Station
Yatri Mitra Seva
National Highways Interconnectivity
Vehicle Fleet Modernization Programme
Transit Oriented Development Policy
Logistic Effi ciency Enhancement Programme
Indian Bridge Management System
National Road Safety Policy
TARANG
E-trans
DEEP (Discovery of Effi cient Electricity Pric
GARV II APP
Trading of Energy Saving Certifi cates
Powers for all 24x7
Draft National Electricity Plan
Habitat Commitment Index
Recent developments in Industrial 17. Sector
Disinvestment of PSUs
Report titled “India’s Labor Market: A New Emphasis on Gainful Employment
Wage code Bill in line of recommendations of 2nd National Commission on Labor
CAR for the operation of Drones in India.
Draft Evaluation template for the star rating of Minor Minerals
Online database containing GIS-Enabled portal Maps land related information
Chennai-Bangalore Industrial Corridor
Apex Corridor Developmental Authority
Tamra Portal
Mining Surveillance System
Coal Mitra
M-SIPS for Electronic Sector
Indian Enterprise Development Service
Trade Receivables Discounting System
SME Business Environment Index
Remarks
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Continents Countries and Cities1.
Continents and Important Cities of the World
Important Cities Situated on the Banks of Rivers
Changed Names of Some Cities, States, and Countries
Distinctive Names of Countries/Towns— Geographical Epithets
Regional Grouping of Countries of the World
Economic Classifi cation of Countries of the World
Location in NEWS2.
Govardhan Eco village
City livability index
Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat
Yethinahole Project
SMARTGRAM
Kaladan project in Myanmar
Doklam plateau
Gilgit-Ballistan
SCO Summit-Astana
Bosporus strait
Nathu-La
Lisbon
Mahadayi tribunal
Jaravas
Bengaluru declaration
SASEC road connectivity
Doklam
dams bottom trawling
Hambantota Port
World Petroleum Congress, Turkey
Kaleshwaram project
Mega food park in Kapurthala
Assam’s disturbed area tag
North Koel project
BIMSTEC
Conservation of Pagodas to Bagan
Bridge over Mechi River
Pangong Lake
World’s most liveable city
Asia Africa Corridor
Xiamen declaration
Sir Creek
Chakma, Majong Refugees Rohingya
Cleanest Iconic place Meenakshi temple
OBOR
Hambantota
Chahbahar Port
Gwadar Port
National Waterway – 4
Polavaram project
UNESCO creative cities network
Singapore Changi Naval base
India in Antarctica
Concept of Resilient Cities
Sericulture
Blizzards
New tectonic plate discovered
Report on Palaeo Channel of North West India
Cyclones in News
WORLD REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY
Remarks
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Origin of Life forms1.
Origin of Life forms
Life on earth
Basic Concepts of Ecology2.
Types of Ecology
Ecological Hierarchy
Scope of Ecology
Habitat & Ecological Niche
Deep vs Shallow Ecology
Ecological Principles
Ecological Community
Structure and Characteristics of a Community
Stratifi cation
Ecotone
Ecological Dominance
Seasonal and Diurnal Fluctuation
Periodicity
Turnover
Interdependence
Ecological Succession
Types and Process of Succession
Climax Community
Range of Tolerance , Maximum Range
Difference between Ecology , Environment and Ecosystem
Ecosystem functions3.
Ecosystem Defi nitions
Functions and Properties of Ecosystem
The Structure/Components of Ecosystem
Abiotic Components
Biotic Components
Ecosystem Dynamics
Flow of Energy in Ecosystem
Trophic Levels
Food Chain
Types & Signifi cance of Food Chain
Food Web
Models for Energy Flow
Ecological Productivity
Ecological Pyramid
Biomagnifi cations
Biological Control
Population Ecology4.
Types of species
Population Ecology
Population Growth Models
Methodology of Tiger census
Methodology of Lion Census
Adaptation of Species and 5. Interactions
Adaptation
Examples of adaptation in plants
Examples of Adaptations in animals
Homeostasis
Interaction between Species
Ecotone
Endemic Species
Keystone Species
Indicator Species
Invasive Species
Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
ECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL ECOLOGY
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Basics of Biodiversity1.
Biodiversity
Types of biodiversity
Patterns of biodiversity
Bio-geographical classifi cation of World
Bio-geographical classifi cation of India
Functions of biodiversity
Hotspots of biodiversity
Bio informatics
Eco Regions
Role of Traditional Knowledge in Biodiversity
Biopiracy
Animal and Plant Diversity2.
Plant and Animal Kingdom
Marine Mammals
Egg laying Mammals
Marsupials
Threats to biodiversity3.
Causes of Biodiversity losses
Effects of Loss of Bio-Diversity
Extinction of species
Mass Extinction
IUCN Red List and Classifi cation Scheme
Terrestrial ecosystems6.
Terrestrial ecosystem
Forest Ecosystem in India
Grasslands
Tundra
Deserts
Mountains
Aquatic ecosystem7.
Aquatic ecosystem
Factors affecting the productivity of aquatic ecosystems
Fresh water ecosystem
Marine ecosystem
Marine Organisms
Plankton
Phytoplankton
Factors Affecting Phytoplankton Biodiversity
Importance of phytoplankton
Zooplankton
Sea-grass
Seaweeds
Human Modifi ed Ecosystems
Nutrient Cycling8.
Concept of Biogeochemical Cycle
Parts of a Biogeochemical Cycle
Types of Biogeochemical Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Steps in the carbon cycle
Carbon cycle: Long term and Short term
Carbon act as Climate Buffer
Human Impact on the Carbon Cycle
Effects of high concentration
of Greenhouse Gases
Hydrological Cycle
Different Steps of the Hydrologic Cycle
Storage
Nitrogen Cycle
Human Impact on the Nitrogen Cycle
Oxygen Cycle
Sulphur Cycle
Human Impact on the Sulphur Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Human Infl uence on Phosphorus Cycle
BIODIVERSITY
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Biodiversity Conservation4.
Scheduled Animals in the Wildlife Protection Act
In-situ methods of Conservation
Protected Area Categories
Forms of Protected Areas
Biosphere reserves
Sacred forests and sacred lakes
World Heritage sites
Geo-heritage sites
Advantages of In-situ conservation
Disadvantages of In-situ conservation
Ex-situ methods of Conservation
Advantages of ex-situ preservation:
Disadvantages of Ex-situ conservation
Zoological Parks
Botanical Gardens
Seed banks
National Parks
Wildlife Sanctuaries
Biosphere Reserves
Species based conservation programmes
Project Tiger
Project Elephant
Project Snow Leopard
Vulture conservation project
Crocodile conservation project
Ganges dolphin project
Indian Rhino Vision
Other projects
India adopts SAWEN
Important Coastal and marine Biodiversity Areas
Global initiative
State of Protected Areas in the World
MAB – Man and Biosphere Programme
World network of Biosphere Reserves
Biodiversity Hotspots
CBD – Convention of Biological Diversity
Cartegana Protocol
Nagoya Protocol
Aichi Biodiversity Diversity
Estuaries5.
What are estuaries?
Types of Estuaries
Importance of estuaries
Threats to estuaries
Major Estuaries in Indian coastal states
Monitoring and Prediction of Health of Estuarine and Coastal Waters
Difference between Lagoon and Estuary
Estuary ecosystem: Adaptations made in organisms
Conservation of Estuaries
Mangroves6.
What are mangroves?
Mangroves in India
Importance of Mangroves
Mangroves under threats
Legal and Regulatory Approaches for Protection
Community based mangrove regeneration
Coral Reef7.
About coral reefs
What do corals feed on?
Geographical Conditions
Types Of Coral Reefs
Uses of coral reefs
Concept of Bio-rock reefs
Threats to Coral reefs
Conservation of coral reef
Wetlands8.
What are wetlands?
Types of wetlands
Wetlands in India
Importance of wetlands
Threats to wetland ecosystems
Conservation of Wetlands
About Ramsar Convention
About Asian Water bird Census
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Land Resource1.
Causes of land degradation
Impact of land degradation
Desertifi cation
Sustainable Land Management
Forest resource2.
Defi nition of forests by FSI
Types of Forest Cover
Forest Survey of India (FSI report 2017)
Types of Forests In India
Deforestation
Causes of Deforestation
Consequences of Deforestation on the Wildlife of India
Strategies for Reducing Deforestation
Government Programmes for Conservation of Forests
Soil Resource3.
Soil Characteristics and Soil formation process
Factors Responsible for Soil Formation
Soil Forming Processes
Soil Profi les and Horizons
Type of Soils
Soils in India
Soils in World
Soil Erosion
Problems due to excessive irrigation
Soil Conservation
Soil health card scheme
Organic Farming
Water Pollution4.
Surface Water Resource
Ground Water Resources
Sources of Water Pollution
Measurement of Water pollution
Causes of Water Pollution
Harmful effects of water pollution
Other terms associated with water pollution
Algal Bloom
Eutrophication
Arsenic contamination of water
Mercury Pollution
Oxygen Stratifi cation
Energy Resources5.
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Tidal Energy
Wave energy
Fuel Cell
Microbial fuel cell
Biofuels
Biogas
Geothermal Energy
Solar Energy
New Energy Resources
Renewable Energy and Development
Petroleum Conservation Research Association
Atomic Energy Bill
Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Bill
National Electric Mobility Mission Plan
National Policy on Biofuels
Three Stage Nuclear Power Programme
Solar Renewable purchase Obligation
Petroleum Planning & Analysis Cell
New Energy Policy
Energy Organisation
Basics of Pollution1. Sources of pollution
Effect of Modern Agriculture on Environment
Effect of Housing on Environment
Effect of Power Generation
on Environment
RESOURCE DEGRADATION AND MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
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Effect of River Valley Projects (Water Resource Projects) on Environment
Effect of Mining on Environment
Effect of Transportation Activities on Environment
Effect of Tourism on Environment
Classifi cation of pollutants
Pollution Indicator species
Mining and pollution2.
Mining and Environment
Sensitivity of Select Ecosystems to Mining
Impact of Mining
Indirect Impact of Mining
International Laws on Mining
Main Act or Statue to regulate the impact of
Indian Mining Sector
Sustainable Mining
Air pollution3.
Causes of air pollution
Harmful Effects of air pollution
Top-ten gases in air pollution
Control of Air Pollution
Concepts related to Air pollution
Smog and its impact
Ozone depletion
Acid rain
Respirable Suspended
Particulate Matter (RSPM)
Fly Ash
Bharat stage Norm
National Air Quality Index
Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index
Marine Pollution4.
Sources of marine pollution
Effects of marine pollution
Concept of dead zone
Concept of Ocean acidifi cation
Oil spill
Trash and Other Debris in ocean
Microplastics and its impact
Coastal Regulation Zone Notifi cation, 2011
Noise Pollution5.
Causes of Noise pollution
Noise Levels
Effects of Noise Pollution on human health
Corrective actions
Biological Pollution6.
Sources of biological pollution
Harmful effects from biological contaminants
Corrective actions
Radioactive Pollution7.
Sources of Radioactive Pollution
Harmful effects of Radioactive Pollution
Corrective actions
Thermal Pollution8.
Causes of Thermal Pollution
Effect of Thermal Pollution
Control of Thermal Pollution
Waste Management9.
Solid waste management
Types of Solid Waste
What is solid waste management?
Issues in solid waste management in India
Waste Management Practices
Technologies for the Generation of Energy from Waste
Policy on Promotion of City Compost
Salient features of SWM Rules, 2016
E-Waste Management
Pollutants and their health impacts
E-waste status in India
Importance of the E-waste management
Steps taken for combating mounting E-Waste
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E-waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2016
Biomedical Waste Management
Hazards associated with waste management
Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016
Hazardous waste and its Characteristics
Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2016
Treatments Methods in Waste Management
Methods for sewage treatment
Treatments Methods for waste management
Hazardous waste treatement
Climate Change Basics1.
What is Climate Change?
What is Global warming?
Factors Affecting Climate Change
Causes of climate change
Extra-Terrestrial Sources of Climate Change
Terrestrial Sources of Climate Change
Anthropogenic sources of Climate Change
Urbanization and climate change
Pollution in metros and climate change
Real estate boom and environment degradation
Urban Heat Island
Polythene bags and pollution
Methane generation from waste
Impact of agriculture on climate
Agriculture increases Carbon
Dioxide Emissions
Monoculture practice impacts biodiversity
Pollution due to use of chemical fertilizers
Soil-related effects
Fertilizer’s Effect on the Environment
Impact of livestock on environment
Impact of use of Pesticides on environment
Impact of GM crop on environment
Emission of Methane from agricultural practices
Sustainable Agriculture Techniques
What is greenhouse effect?
Non green House Gases and Aerosols
Radioactive forcing and global warming
Ecological footprint
Carbon footprint
Global Warming Potential (GWP)
Climate Change Impact2.
Impacts of the Climate Change
Acid Rain
El Nino
La Nina
Ozone Depletion
Ocean Acidifi cation
Global Warming & Health
Health impacts of global warming
Mosquito-borne diseases
Ozone depletion and human health
Climate change mitigation
Carbon Sequestration
Carbon Sink
Carbon Credit
Carbon Tax
CLIMATE CHANGE
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Acts and Policies1.
Constitutional Provisions related to environment
Wildlife Protection Act 1972
Environmental Protection Act
National Forest Policy
Biological Diversity Act 2002
Schedule Tribes and Other Forest
Dwellers Act 2006
Coastal Regulation Zone
Wetland Rules 2010
National Green Tribunal
Ozone Depleting Substance Rules
Environment Impact Assessment 2. (EIA)
What is EIA?
Brief History of EIA in India
EIA Process in India
The 8 steps of the EIA process
Environmental Appraisal Process
Drawback in EIA Process
Recommendations for Improvement
Environment Management
EIA in India – Sectorial Analysis
Mining Sector
Agricultural Sector
Industrial Sector
International Environmental 3. Governance
UNEP
UNDP
Centre for Biological Diversity
WWF for Nature
IUCN - Red List
Birdlife International
International Conventions / Protocols & their Objectives
Sustainable Development Goals
Various Indices relate to Environment
Climate Change Governance
United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm Conference)
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
Montreal Protocol and Kigali Agreement
The Earth Summit: United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), Rio de Janerio, 1992
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
Rio Declaration: 1992
Agenda 21:1992
Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD)
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertifi cation (UNCCD)
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC): 1992
Global Climate Finance Architecture
India and Climate Change4.
India’s Position with regards to policy on Climate Change
Observed Climate and Weather Changes in India
NAPCC
Indian Climate Change Assessement
Indian Policy Structure Relavant to GHG Emissions
Environment related Institutions in 5. India
Pollution Control Boards
National Green Tribunal
National Board for Wildlife
Animal Welfare Board
Central Zoo Authority
National Biodiversity Authority
Environmental schemes in India6.
National Wildlife Action Plan
CAMPA
ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE
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Joint Forest Management
Social Forestry
National Bamboo Mission
National Action Plan on Climate Change
National Solar Mission
Ganga Rejuvenation Plan
Benefi ts of River Ganga
Facts about Ganga River Pollution and its impacts
Ecomark Scheme
Swachch Bharat Mission
Swachch Bharat Kosh
Grants in Aid Scheme
National Afforestation Program
National River Conservation Plan
National Mission for Clean Ganga
National Air Quality Index (AQI)
National Action Programme to Combat Desertifi cation
Pradhan Mantri Sauchalay Yojana
UJALA Scheme
Bharat Stage Norms
Corporate Social Responsibility and Environment Protection
APPENDIX7.
National Parks
Tiger Reserves of India
Elephant Reserves in India
Mike Sites in India Biosphere Reserves
Biosphere Reserves in UNESCO’s Map List
Ramsar Wetland Sites
Natural World Heritage Sites
List of Sacred Groves
Mangrove Sites in India
Pollution
Key activities and Likely Associate Air Pollutants
Respiratory Irritants and Toxic Chemicals
Recent developments8.
Mobile Tower Radiation
Shrinking of Cauvery Delta
Use of Garbage to Construct Road
Moss as Pollution Monitor
Graded Plan for Air Pollution
Air Quality Index
Polluter Pay Principle
Pesticide Poisoning
Aerosols
Anti-Smog guns
Particulate matter
Nalanda Model of Water Conservation
Wetland Rules, 2017
Permaculture and Monoculture
Sand Mining Guidelines
Coastal Erosion (Parali Island)
Bottom Trawling to Deep Sea Fishing
‘Wadi’ Model
Re-greening of Village Commons Project
Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage
Namami Ganga Programme
River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order, 2016
Smart Ganga City Scheme
Ganga Task Force
Ganga, Yamuna termed ‘living persons’
National Capacity Building Project for Waste Management
NGT Bans Plastic
Mission Innovation
Tribunal – Dumping Waste in Ganga
Ease in Norms for Sewage Plants
Organic Waste to Make Green Fuel
New Technologies for Waste Management
Melting of Antarctic Iceberg
Melting of Gangotri Glacier
Carbon Capture
Black Carbon
30 th Montreal Protocol and World Ozone Day
El-Nino Caused Record CO 2 Spike
Glaciers in Asia to sink
Tropics emit more Carbon
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Remarks
Climate change impact on Natural Heritage Sites - Impact on Sunderbans
Marine Diversity in Antarctica under threat
Carbon Credit
2 nd Kyoto Protocol
Green Metro System
Negative Emissions
Geo-engineering Climate Change
Sequestering CO 2
Bonn Challenge
COP-23
Air Quality Index likely to be added to ‘playing condition”
HFCs - India to eliminate use by 2030
Kigali agreement
Carbon Neutrality Concept
Marrakesh Climate Change Conference
International Solar Alliance (ISA)
Kyoto Protocol (2 nd Commitment 2013-20)
Climate Change Performance Index
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The Company Rule (1773-1858)1.
Regulating Act, 1773
Amending Act, 1781
Pitt’s India Act, 1784
Amending Act of 1786
Charter Act, 1793
Charter Act, 1813
Charter Act, 1833
Charter Act, 1853
The Crown Rule (1858-1947)2.
Government of India Act, 1858
Indian Councils Act, 1861
Indian Councils Act, 1892
Indian Councils Act, 1909
Government of India Act, 1919
Simon Commission
Government of India Act, 1935
Indian Independence Act, 1947
Drafting and Sources of Indian 3. Constitution)
Seminal Sources
External Sources
Developmental Sources
Constitutional Practices
Important Committees of the Constituent Assembly and their Chairman
Constitution and Types1.
What is a Constitution?
Types of Constitution
Functions of the Constitution
Historical evolution of the Constitution
Constituent Assembly
Objectives of the Constitution
Unitary features
Federal features
Types of Political System2.
Types of Political System
Types of Government
Parliamentary form of government
Features of the Presidential System
Features of Semi-Presidential System
Types of Majorities as per the 3. Indian Constitution
Absolute Majority
Effective Majority
Simple Majority
Special Majority
Preamble and Values in the 4. Constitution
The objectives laid down in the Preamble
Whether the Preamble is a part of the Constitution or not?
Whether Preamble can be amended or not?
INDIAN POLITY AND GOVERNANCE
EVOLUTION OF THE CONSTITUTION
SALIENT FEATURES OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION
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ARTICLE 1-41.
Article 1: Name and Territory of the Union
Committee/commission for State Re-organisation
The State Reorganization Commission (SRC) 1953
Article 2: Admit or Establish new State
Article 3: Formation of new States and alternation of areas, boundaries or names of existing States
Article 4: Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedule and Supplemental.
Delimitation Commission
Constitutional Provisions1.
Constitutional provisions of citizenship
Citizenship Act, 1955
The Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2016
Methodology of getting citizenship
Modes of Losing the Citizenship of India
Concept of dual citizenship
Special privileges enjoyed by citizens in India
Rights and Duties of Citizens
Indian Diaspora2.
Pravasi Bhartiya Divas
Non-Resident Indians
Evolution Objectives And Features1. Meaning Objectives
Features Importance
Restrictive limitations on fundamental rights
Ideals (mentioned in the Preamble)
Democratic
Sovereign
Socialist
Secular
Republic
Justice
Equality
Liberty
Fraternity
Integrity
Amendment of The Constitution5.
Procedure for amendment
Types of Amendments
Amendability of FR’s
Ingredients of basic structure
Doctrine and Terms6.
Doctrine of severability
Validity of Re-Constitutional Laws
Doctrine of Eclipse
Doctrine of Harmonious Construction
Doctrine of Pith and Substance
Doctrine of Colorable Legislation (Article 246)
Doctrine of Territorial Nexus
Doctrine of Laches
Due Process of Law
Procedure Established by Law
Other Constitutional Dimensions7.
Schedules and Subjects
Offi cial Languages
UNION & ITS TERRITORY
CITIZENSHIP
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
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Article 12 and Article 132.
Defi nition of state
Laws Inconsistent with Fundamental Rights
Right to Equality3.
Article 14: Equality before the law or the Equal protection of Law
Article 15: Prohibition of Discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
Article 16: Equality of Opportunity in matters of Public Employment
Article 17: Abolition of Untouchability
Article 18: Abolition of Titles
Right to Freedom4.
Article 19
Article 20: (Protection in respect of conviction for offenses)
Article 21: Protection of life and personal liberty
Article 22: Protection against arrest and detention
Right against Exploitation5.
Article 23: Prohibition of Traffi c in human beings and forced labour
Article 24: Prohibition of employment of children in factories, etc
Right to Freedom of Religion6.
Article 25: Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation or religion
Article 26: Freedom to manage religious affairs
Article 27: Freedom from payment of taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
Article 28: Freedom from attendance religious instruction or worship in educational institutions
Cultural and Educational Rights7.
Article 29: Protection of interest of Minorities
Article 30: Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions
Right to Constitutional Remedies8.
Article 32: Right to Constitutional Remedies:
Habeas Corpus
Mandamus
Certiorari
Prohibition
Quo Warranto
FR’s other Dimensions9.
Article 33
Article 34
Article 35
Article 35A
Evolution, objectives, and features1.
Basic features
Types
Amendments
Implementation
Socialistic Principles2.
Article: 38
Article:39
Article: 39A
Article: 41
Article: 42
Article: 43
Article: 43-A
Article: 47
Gandhian Principles3.
Article: 40
Article: 43
Article: 46
Article: 47
Article: 48
DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY (DPSP)
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Article: 51A1.
Features Relation between of Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties List Of Fundamental Duties 86 th Constitutional Amendment Act 2003 : RTE
Recent developments
Fundamental Duties - Awareness Campaigns is the Duty of Centre
National Anthem - Mandatory in Cinema Halls - Article 51(a)
Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971
Triple Talaq Issue
Uniform Civil Code
MGNREGA: Right to Work
Making Aadhar mandatory
Liberal-Intellectual Principles4.
Article: 44
Article: 45
Article: 48
Article: 48A
Article: 49
Article: 50
Article: 51
Directive Principle Outside Part IV5.
ARTICLE 335 IN PART XVI
ARTICLE 350-A IN PART XVII
Article 351 in Part XVII
Centre-State Relations1.
Legislative relations (Articles) 245
Related to Territorial Powers
Related to Legislative Powers
Related to Parliament’s Powers to make Laws in State
Sarkaria Commission’s Opinion on Legislative Relations
Administrative Relations
Delegation of Union Functions to the States
Sarkaria Commission’s Opinion
on Administrative Relations
Financial relations
National Integration Council
Inter State Relation2.
Inter state water dispute
Inter state councils
Inter state trade and commerce
Zonal Councils
Special Provisoions for some States3.
Provisions for Maharastra and
Gujarat, Nagaland, Assam and Manipur
Provisions for Jammu and Kashmir (A370) (now abrogated)
Types of Emergencies4.
National Emergency
Constitutional/State Emergency
/President’s Rule
Financial Emergency
FUNDAMENTAL DUTIES
SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE
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President1.
Eligibility
Conditions of Offi ce
Term of Offi ce
Election
Manner of Election
Impeachment of the President
Impeachment of the President
Vacancy in the Offi ce of President
Powers of the President
Executive powers (Article 53)
Legislative Powers
Financial Powers
Ordinance Issuing Power (Article 123)
Judicial/Pardoning Power
Military
Diplomatic
Emergency Powers
Vice President2.
Qualifi cation
Conditions of Offi ce
Term of Offi ce
Election
Removal
Vacancy
Functions of the Vice-President
The Prime Minister3.
Appointment
Eligibility
Powers and Functions of Prime Minister
Relationship between the President and the Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Minister
Prime Minister’s Offi ce
Union Council of Minister4.
Article 74: Council of Ministers to aid and advice President
Article 75: Other Provisions as to Ministers
Article 77: Conduct of Business of the Government of India
Article 78: Duties of Prime Minister
Nature of advice by Ministers
Strength of the Council
Appointment of a Non-legislator as a Minister
Collective responsibility of the Ministers
Individual Responsibility of Ministers
Organisation of Parliament1.
Organisation of Parliament
Qualifi cations and Disqualifi cations for being a Member of Parliament (Article 84)
Functions of the Parliament
Functioning of the Parliament
Sessions of Parliament
Devices of Parliamentary Proceedings
Parliamentary Privileges and Immunities
Collective Privileges of the House
Individual Privileges
Houses of the Parliament
Parliament, Lok Sabha and Rajya 2. Sabha
Lok Sabha Composition
Rajya Sabha Composition
Presiding Offi cers of the Parliament
Speaker
Powers & Functions of the speaker
Deputy Speaker
Panel of Chairpersons of Lok Sabha
Speaker Pro Tem
Chairman of Rajya Sabha
Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha
Panel of Vice-Chairpersons of Rajya Sabha
UNION EXECUTIVE
UNION LEGISLATURE
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Governor1.
Article 152: Defi nition
Article 153: Governors of States
Article 154: Executive power of State
Powers of Governor
Executive power
Legislative power
Financial Power
Judicial Power
Discretionary power
Article 155: Appointment of Governor
Article 156: Term of offi ce of Governor
Article 157: Qualifi cations for Appointment as Governor
Article 158: Conditions of Governor’s offi ce
Article 159: Oath or affi rmation by the Governor
Article 160: Discharge of the functions of the Governor in certain contingencies
Article 161
Article 162: Extent of executive power
of State
Recommendations on the offi ce of Governor
ARC ( Administrative Reforms Commission)
Sarkaria Commission
National Commission to Review the
working of the Constitution
The Chief Minister and the CoM2.
Powers and Functions of Chief Minister
In Relation to Council of Ministers
In relation to the Governor
In Relation to State Legislature
Other Powers and Functions
Composition of the Council of Ministers
Responsibility of Ministers
Advocate-General for the State
Legislative Assembly1.
Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha)
Powers and Functions
Speaker & Deputy Speaker
Parliament’s Control over State Legislature
Legislative Council (Article 169)2.
Qualifi cations
Powers and Functions
Chairman and Deputy chairman of the Council of States
Legislative Procedure and 3. Committees of Parliament
Legislative Procedure in Parliament
Ordinary Bill
Money Bill
Financial Bill
Constitution Amendment Bill
Lapsing of Bills
Annual Financial Statement: Budget (Article 112)
Demand of Grants
Appropriation Bill
Cut motions
Stages in Enactment of Budget
Other Grants
Related Information of Budget
Parliamentary committees
UNION EXECUTIVE
STATE LEGISLATURE
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Union Territories1.
Creation of Union Territories
Administration of UT’s
Special provisions for Delhi
Special Category Status
Schedule and Tribal Areas2. Administration of Schedule Areas
Administration of Tribal areas
The Supreme Court1.
Chief Justice of India
Acting Chief Justice of India
Appointment of Supreme Court Judges
Qualifi cations for Supreme Court Judges
Removal of a Supreme Court Judges
Process of Impeachment
Ad hoc and Retired Judges
Salaries and allowances of Supreme Court Judges
Chief Justices of India (Since 1951)
Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
Judicial Independence
Judiciary Executive Relations
The High Court Subordinate 2. Courts & Lok Adalats
The High Courts
Jurisdiction of the High Courts
Subordinate Courts
Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008
Alternative dispute Resolution
Lok Adalat
All India Judicial Service
E-governance in Judiciary
Judicial Impact Assessment
Judges Standards and Accountability Bill, 2010
National Legal Services Authority (NALSA)
Constitutional Bodies1.
Finance Commission
Constitution
Functions
Comptrollerand Auditor General of India
Comptroller and Auditor-General
Attorney-General of India
Appointment
Functions and Responsibilities
Other Constitutional Bodies
All India Services
Union Public Service Commission (UPSC)
State Public Service Commission (SPSC)
Joint State public Service Commission (JSPSC)
Panchayati Raj1.
Evolution of the Panchayati Raj Institution (PRI) 73 rd Amendment Act of 1992 Compulsory and Voluntary Provisions
Urban Local Government2.
74 th Constitutional Amendment Act Types of Urban Governments In India
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
UNION TERRITORIES AND SPECIAL AREAS
THE JUDICIARY
CONSTITUTIONAL AND NON CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES
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National Commission For SCs
National Commission For STs
Special Offi cer for Linguistic Minority
The Advocate General (Article 165)
Non Constitutional2.
Special offi cer for linguistic Minorities
Central Information Commission
State Information Commission
Lokpal and Lok Ayukta
National Human Rights Commission
State Human Right Commission
CVC (Central Vigillance Commission)
Remarks
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Political Parties and Election1.
Electoral System in India
Electoral Reforms Since 1988
Salient features of the Representation of People Act, 1950
Salient features of Representation of Peoples Act, 1951
Elections in India
Electoral reforms since 1988
Criminalization of politics
Negative or neutral voting
State funding of Election
Irregularities in polling
Types of Political Parties
Party System in India
Political Parties in India
Problems in the working of parties
Casteism and Politic
Strengthening of Anti-defection measures
Pressure Groups2.
Meaning and Techniques
Pressure Groups in India
Types of pressure groups
Role of pressure group in developing countries
Functions of pressure groups in India
Pressure groups methods
Pressure groups and Democracy
Criticism of pressure groups
Governing Institutions in India1.
Structure of Ministries/departments
Political head
Secretariat organization secretary
Functions of the secretariat
Functions of attached and subordinate offi ce
Other organizations
Public sector undertakings
The Executive organization
Advantages of the separation of secretariat and executive organization.
Strengths and weaknesses of the existing structure
Recommendations for improving the Organizational structure
Audit and other Transparency 2. initiatives
CVC
CAG
Lokpal
Lok Ayukta
Role of SHG, NGOs, Civil Society3.
SHGs Characteristics
Role of SHGs in development
NGOs
Functions
Role of NGOs in development
Micro Finance Institutions
Salient features
Role of MFIs in development
Social Sector Bills4.
The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) ActSurrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2016
Child Labour (Prohibition and Amendment) Bill, 2016
Maternity Benefi t Bill, 2016
POLITICAL DYNAMICS
GOVERNANCE
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Pre-Conception & Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (PNDT) Act
Mental Health Care Bill, 2013
Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses (POCSO)
Anti Traffi cking Bill with Stringent Penalty
HIV and AIDS (Prevention and Control) Bill- 2014 - Amendments
Domestic Violence Act, 2005 - SC Widens Ambit
Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014 with more Benefi t
Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill 2016
The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Amendment Act
Welfare Schemes5.
Health
National Health Mission
National Ayush Mission
Jan Aushadhi Scheme
Mission Indradhanush
NFHS-4 survey
Education
Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat
Mid Day Meal Scheme
GIAN (Global Initiative of Academic Networks)
SWAYAM (Study Webs of Active – Learning for Young Aspiring Minds)
Start-up and Skill Development
Start Up India Scheme
Stand up India Scheme
National Student Start-up Policy
National Skill Development Mission
Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana
Skill Development Initiative Scheme
Self-Employment & Talent Utilisation (SETU)
Atal Innovation Mission
Vulnerable Sector
Social Security
Atal Pension Yojana
Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana
Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
Nai Roshni Scheme
USTAAD Scheme (Upgrading the Skills and Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development)
Nai Manzil Scheme
Women and Child Development
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana
Digital Gudda Guddi Board
Ujjawala Scheme
Janani Suraksha Yojana
Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
SC/ST
Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana
Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana Disability
Accessible India Campaign (Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan)
Rural and Urban Development
Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana
Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyan
Shyama Prasad Mukharjee Rurban Mission
Deendayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
Swachch Bharat Abhiyan
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana- Gramin
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Urban
Housing for all by 2022
Smart Cities Mission
Hriday - National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana
AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation)
Inclusive growth
Measurement criteria Government initiatives for inclusive growth
Basic Amenities: Housing/Drinking Waters/ Sanitations
Sustainable Development Rural Development
Rural development and poverty alleviation
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Review of the existing Programmes
Development Administration
Panchayati Raj
Agriculture and Rural Development
Miscellaneous schemes
Digilocker
Bharatnet Project (National Optical Fibre Network)
INSPIRE (Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research)
SAKAAR
Digital India
Namami Gange Project (Integrated Ganga Conservation Mission Project)
Ganga Gram Yojana Khelo India
PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation)
Indian Community Welfare Fund (ICWF)
India’s Foreign Policy1.
Evolution of India’s Foreign Policy
Post 1990 Scenario
Global Issues
South Asia2.
India – Nepal Relations
India and Bhutan
India-Afghanislam Relations
India-Bangladesh Relations
India-Maldives Relations
India-Sri Lanka Relations
India-Myanmar Relations
India-Pakistan Relations
SAARC
NAM (Non-Alignment Movement): Relevance
Central Asia3.
Mongolia
Kazakhastan
Tukmenistan
Uzbekistan
West Asia4.
India – UAE Relations
India IRAN Relations
Israel and Palestine Relations
India – Israel Relations
India – Saudi Arabia
Asia – Pacifi c5.
Asia-Pacifi c Region
India-South East Asia Relations
India-Asean Cooperation
Indo-Japan Relations
Indo-Australia Relations
India – South Korea Relations
India-Vietnam
Africa6.
India-South Africa Relations
India-Nigeria Relations
India-Kenya Relations
India-Sudan Relations
Europe7.
India-Russia Relations
India-France Relations
India-Germany Relations
India-United Kingdom Relations
India-EU Kingdom Relations
US-China8.
India-USA Relations
India-China Relations
Indian Ocean Region9.
Seychelles
Mauritius
Maldives
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
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Remarks
Indian Diaspora10.
Indian Diaspora in West
Indian Diaspora in Gulf
Indian Diaspora in East and Middle East
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Macroeconomic Concepts1.
Meaning of Economics
Types of Economies
Sectors of an Economy
Other Sectors of Economy
Microeconomic Concepts2.
National Income Concepts and 1. Methods of Calculation
National Income
Real National Income
Calculating National Income
Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF)
National Organizations Related to National Income Accounts
Latest India’s National Income Estimates
New Series of National Statistics (Base Year 2011-12)
Annual Estimates of Expenditures on GDP
Per Capita Income
Purchasing Power Parity
Lorenz Curve
Philip’s Curve
Gini Coeffi cient
2. Infl ation
Concepts and Types of Infl ation
Causes of Infl ation
Effects of Infl ation
Measures of Infl ation
WPI, CPI
Producer Price Index
GDP Defl ator
Core Infl ation
Change in Reporting of Infl ation
Measures to Check Infl ation
Fiscal Measures
Administrative Measures
Monentary Measures
Economic Growth and 3. Development
Economic Growth
Economic Development
Measurement of Economic Development
Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI)
Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Different Levels of Economic Development
Economy and Environment
Environment Taxes
Carbon Tax
Green Accounting
12 th Five Year Plan and Sustainability
ECONOMY
BASIC CONCEPTS
ECONOMIC MEASUREMENTS
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Money Function and Classifi cation1.
Money Concept
Measures of Money Supply in India
Indian currency system
Broad and Narrow Money
Money multiplier
Digital Money
New Monetary Aggregates
Monetary Policy
Financial Market and its 2. Instruments
Concept and functions of fi nancial markets
Importance of money market
Types of capital market
Distinguish between capital market and money market
Nature and functions of a stock exchange
Advantages of stock exchanges
Limitations of stock exchanges
The stock exchanges in India
Insurance Industry - Insurance Industry and Reforms
Role of Financial Regulators: SEBI and IRDA
Banking Structure in India3.
Scheduled Commercial Banks
Nationalized Banks
Public Sector Banks
State Bank of India
Private Banks
Foreign Banks
Regional Rural Banks
Scheduled Co-operative Banks
Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
Methods of Credit Control
Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
Repo Rate
Reserve Repo Rate
Call Rates
Marginal Standing Facility (MSF)
Bank Rate
Banking Sector Reforms in India
Differentiated Banks
Payment Banks
Small Banks
New banking licence
White Label ATM
Unifi ed Payments Interface
Bank Board Bureau
Marginal Cost of Funds Based Lending Rate (MCLR)
Priority Sector Lending Certifi cates
Concept of Micro ATM
Banking Reforms
Basel Norms
Banking Ombudsman
Development Financial Institutions
Insurance Companies
Recent developments in Economic Sector
Government to recapitalize the PSB’s
RBI rule and regulation for peer to peer (P2P) lending
Domestic Systematically Important Banks (SIBs) of India
Financial Inclusion in India
The Concept of Bad Bank
Alternative Mechanism Panel for PSB consolidation
Employee Provident Fund of India
Enforcement Department In RBI
Gold Monetization Scheme (GMS)
Indian Post Payment Bank (IPPB)
Indian Gold Coins/Gold Bullion Scheme
MONEY AND BANKING
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PUBLIC FINANCE IN INDIA
PLANNING
OPEN ECONOMY
Budgeting1.
Union Budget
Plan and Non Plan Expenditure
Revenue Receipts
Tax Revenue Receipts
Non-Tax Revenue Receipts
Fiscal Policy2. Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003
Revenue Defi cit, Fiscal Defi cit, Primary Defi cit
Defi cit and Surplus Budget
Defi cit Financing
Centre State Distribution3. Finance Commission (A280)
Tax Structure in India4.
Tax – Direct Tax, Indirect Tax
Methods of Taxation – Progressive, Regressive, Proportional
Value Added Tax – VAT in India
Goods and Services Tax – GST, GST Council
Service Tax
DTC – Direct Tax Code
Meaning Objectives and History1.
Meaning of Economic Planning
Objectives of Planning
Strategies of Planning
Harrod Domar strategy
Nehru Mahalonobis strategy
Gandhian strategy
LPG strategy
Regional and National Planning
Imperative and Indicative Planning
History of Planning in India
Visvesvaraya Plan, Gandhian Plan FICCI Proposal, Congress Plan Bombay Plan
Planning Commission and National Development Council(NDC)
Central Planning – 5 Year Plans, 20 Point Program, MPLADS
Decentralized Planning
Planning Institutions2.
Planning Commission
NITI Aayog
National Development Council (NDC)
Five Year Plans in India3.
12 th Five Year Plan (2012-2017)
Alternative Scenarios During 12 th Plan
Economic Reforms
Vision Documents
Foreign Trade Concepts1.
Balance of Payments Foreign Capital – FDI, FPI, FII, QFH Foreign Exchange–Exchange Rate NEER & REER, ETFFERA & FEMA Capital Account Convertibility in India India's External Debt
NRI Deposits Trade Composition
Trade Policy and Agreements2.
Import Cover
Import/Export Controls
Foreign Trade policy 2015-20
Export Promotion
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Exchange Rate3.
Exchange Market
LERMS
NEER
REER
ETF
International Organization4.
United Nations
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
International Labour Organization (ILO)
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
United Nations Educational, Scientifi c and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
Universal Postal Union (UPU)
World Bank Group (WBG)
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
International Finance Corporation (IFC)
International Development Association (IDA)
World Health Organization (WHO)
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Asian Development Bank
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AII)
New Development Bank
African Development Bank
Trade Agreements5.
RCEP
TPP
NAFTA
MERCOSUR
Southern African Development Community (SADC)
ASEAN
SAFTA
Recent Developments in External 6. Sector
Global foreign exchange committee
Price capping of medical devices in India
Review of the International Investment Agreement (IIA)
India signed the OECD multilateral convention to prevent BEPS (Base Erosion and Profi t Shifting)
Second Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) Bharat 22
Double Tax Avoidance Treaty
Preferential Trade Agreement with Chile
Advance Pricing Agreement
National Committee on Trade Facilitation
E-tourist Visa
India’s Asylum Policy
Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS)
Poverty1.
Defi nition and Indices
Poverty in India
Human Poverty Index (HPI)
Expert Groups for Estimating Poverty
Inequality
Employment2.
Employment and Unemployment
Poverty Eradication and Employment Related Related programs
Government Schemes 3. and Programs
ECONOMIC SECTORS
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New Social Welfare Schemes
Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)
Other Social Protection Programmes
Rural Infrastructure and Development
Urban Infrastructure, Housing and Sanitation
Education Schemes
Financial Inclusion Schemes
Health Schemes
Women Empowerment Programmes
Other Women Empowerment Programmes
Social Security
Committees4.
Ratan P Watal Committee
on Digital Payment
Committee for Market Infrastructure Institution (MII)
D. P. J. Nayak Committee
Deepak Mohanty Committee Report on Medium-term Path on Financial Inclusion
Narasimham Committee Report on Banking Sector Reforms
Uday Kotak Committee on Corporate Governance
Nachiket Mor Committee
Remarks
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Policy Development of S&T in India1.
Role of S&T in the Developing World S&T Policy in India
The S&T Policy Resolution in 1958
S&T Policy of the 1983
S&T Policy of the 2003
S&T Policy 2013 Science and technology as a source of Human Resource DevelopmentAwards related to Science New Initiatives Aligned with the National AgendaIndia and World collaboration in science projectsTechnology Vision Document 2035 National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015-2020National Intellectual Property Rights Policy Organ donation rules in India Policy on Synthetic Biology
Different Organization Institution 2. and Various Department for the
S&T
List of Various Centre Institutions and Bureaus
Ministries and Department for science and Technology
Institutional structure
Department of Science & Technology
CSIR
Survey of India
Science and Engineering Research Council
Technology Development Board
National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories
Space Research Programme, Orbits 1. and Launch
Space Technology
Indian Space research Programme
ISRO and ANTRIX
Orbits Type
Satellite Launching Systems
Terminologies Related to the Space Science
Satellites, Launch Vehicles and India 2. Satellite Programmes
Earth Observation Systems
Satellite Communication in India
Remote sensing applications - IRS Sytems
INSAT Satellite Application
GSAT Satellite Application
Launch vehicle Technology
GSLV and Various Engine
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA
SPACE
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Different Regulatory Bodies in 1. India for ICT
Ministry of Communication and information Technology
Initiatives in 12 th 5 year plan
Major Policy Initiatives
National Optical Fibre network
Recent National and International Space Missions Cryogenic rockets
Global Positioning System Galileo GLONASS IRNSS GAGAN
Chandrayaan – I & II Mars Orbitor Mission
Space Organisations Space race/Space junk
Recent updates South Asia Satellite: Signifi cance Neutrino Observatory Solar Mission- ADITYA Gravitational Waves
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Spitzer Space Telescope Chandra X-Ray Observatory Multi Application Solar Telescope Thirty Metre Telescope Resourcesat-2A Astrosat Sunspot Magnetars Neutron stars Air-breathing propulsion system Space Junk Graveyard Orbit Super cluster of galaxies known as “Saraswati”. NASA: Asteroid impact and defl ection assessment mission.Commercial use of Lithium-Ion battery technologyHyperspectral imaging satellite Water propulsion system in CUBESAT Saturn-cassini Mission
OSIRIS-Rex passed by earth to reach asteroid Bennu
Hackathon # Open Gov Data Hack
Google Lunar X Prize Competition
NASA-ISRO synthetic aperture radar satellite (NISAR)
GSAT-17 heaviest communication satellite of ISRO
Astrosat, Chandra and Hubble Jointly detect massive cosmic explosion
Scientists create fi rst global map of water on moon
World’s largest aircraft “Strato launch”
MOM complete 3 years in orbit
Solar mission Aditya L-1 in 2019
Gravitational waves news
Radio galaxies
Indigenously developed S-Band Doppler weather radar
Kelvin waves
ISRO made satellite based chip system
TDRS-M NASA
Neutrino Observatory
Indian Space Vision-2025
‘NIRBHAY’ sub sonic cruise missile
Brahmos
INS Koltar
INS Kiltan
NAG missile
Hydrogen bomb
Vikram OPV
Integrated Quarter Master Package
INS Kalvari
Prithvi II
Air Independent Propulsion
Rukmini
IT AND COMMUNICATION
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Spectrum Management
Government initiatives
Cyber Law
Computer Terminology and 2. Fundamental
History of Computers
Types of Computer
Component of Computer system
Computer Languages
Generation of computers
Computer terminologies
Supercomputer and its applications
Display technologies
Cathode ray
LCD
LED
Plasma Monitors
OLED
Mobile Generations and 3. Technology
Defi nition and Impact of ICT on Society Evolution of Telecommunication Media Transmission technology
Wireless , Optical Fibres, VSAT SIM IMEI 3G 4 G VolTE Wi Max
Mobile generations
Smartphone
Important concepts
Internet, Types of Network and 4. e- Governance
Internet
WWW
IP
URL
HTTP
Computer Security Tools: fi rewalls, hackers
Global Internet Governance e
Internet of things
Internet Protocol
VPN
Networking : Bluetooth , WiFIHotSpot
National E Governance Plan
Recent Developments
Government initiatives
Digital India Initiative
MeghRaj
Code Free for India
E-Kranti
Bharat Net project
Bharat QR
Contemporary debates
Net Nuetrality
Internet of Things
Big Data Initiative and Privacy
Cyber crime and security
Spectrum Policy, Broad Band Policy5.
Spectrum Policy in India
Spectrum
Mobile Spectrum
Broadband Policy in India
Cloud Computing
Big Data
Encyption
Biometrics
Virtual Reality
Digital India
QR Codes
Recent Developments in IT & Telecom
Quantum computing
Project brainwave
Sagar Vani System
Locky Ransomware, Petya, WannaCry
Hindi word for computer i.e., “SANGANAK”
India’s fi rst technology and innovation support centre (TISC)
Net neutrality
National cyber coordination center
Hortinet
Digital Transaction Methodologies
Block chain Technology
Bitcoins
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Superconductivity Laser, Artifi cial 1. Intelligence
History Classifi cation and Properties of Superconductors
Application of Superconductors
Types and Applications of LASERS
Artifi cial Intelligence and Application
Advantages and Disadvantages of Artifi cial Intelligence
Superconductivity Laser, Artifi cial 2. Intelligence
What is Robotics?
Robotics Terminologies
Laws of Robotics
Robotics in India
Machine vs Computer vs Robots
Parts of a Robot
Controller
Manipulator
End Effector
Sensor
Classifi cation of Robots
Rolling Robots
Walking Robots
Autonomous Robots
Artifi cial Intelligence
Advantages and Disadvantages of Robot
Applications of Robotics
Industrial Sector
Aerospace
Healthcare Delivery
Outer Space
Exploration
Military Robots
Disaster Areas
Entertainment
Agriculture
Domestic work
Nano Technology3.
What is Nanoscience and Nanotechnology?
Origination of Nanoscience and Technology
Basics of Nanoscience
Nanomaterials
Applications of nanotechnology
Nano medicine
Semiconductors and computing
Food
Textiles
Sustainable energy
Environment
Transport
Space
Carbon Nanotube
Graphene
Quantum Dots
Nano Bots
Agriculture
Adverse Health and Environmental Impacts of Nanotechnology
Social and Ethical Impacts:
Nano-science and Nano-technology in India
Defence Technology1.
Organisations
Missile system and classifi cation
On the basis of type
On the basis of launch vehicle
On the basis of Range
Cyber Swachhta Kendra
Digital Transaction Methodologies
Bharat Net Project
Wi-Fi Technology
Digital Terrestrial Television Transmission System
Internet of Things
MATERIALS, NANO TECHNOLOGY AND ROBOTICS
DEFENCE
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Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Fuels1.
Types of nuclear reactions
Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fuel – Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Nuclear Programme in India2.
N-Power Policy of India
Advantages of Nuclear Energy
Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy
Institutions involved in Nuclear energy Development, AERB
Safety standards in Nuclear Power plants
India’s 3 stage Civil Nuclear Programme
Nuclear Reactors in India
Kudankulam Project
Jaitapur Plant
Organisation Institutions3.
Department of Atomic Energy
BHABHA
Radioactivity4.
Radiation and Radioactivity
Radiation Technologies and Applications
Radioactive Waste and Nuclear Waster Management
Nuclear & Radiological Disasters
IPR Intellectual Property Rights1. Copyrights
Trademarks
Patents
Industrial Design
Trades Secrets
IPR and Agriculture
Biotechnology in India1.
Department of BT
Various Fields of BT
R&D
On the basis of propulsion system
Ballistic vs Cruise Missile
IGMDP Intergrated Guided Missile Development Programme
PrithviTrishul Nag Akash AGNI
Shaurya Missile
ASTRA Missile
Dhanush
Prahaar
Brahmos Missile System
Anti-Ballistic Missile System
Frigates Destroyers and Aircraft Carriers
AWACS
Light Combat Aircraft
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Stealth technology
Chemical Weapon
Biological Weapon
Submarines2.
Indian Submarines and Naval Ships
Commissioned Submarines
Project 75
INS Astradharini
NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY
IPR AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS ISSUES
BIOTECHNOLOGY
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Genetics and biotechnology2.
Industrial genetics
Genetic engineering
DNA sequencing
Nucleic acid probes
Genomics and proteomics
Bioprocess/fermentation technology
Biological fuel generation3.
Global warming and the signifi cance of fossils fuels
Biofuels from biomass
Bioethanol from biomass
Biodiesel
Methane
Hydrogen
Environmental biotechnology4.
Microbial Ecology Environmental Biotechnology
Waste water and sewage treatment
Landfi lling technologies
Composting
Bioremediation
Detect and monitoring of pollutants
Microbes and the geological environment
Plant and Forest biotechnology5.
Plant biotechnology
Forest biotechnology
Animal and insect biotechnology6.
Genetic manipulation and transgenic animals
Genetically engineered hormone and vaccines
Animal organs for human patients
Genetically modifi ed insects
Food and beverage biotechnology7.
Food and beverage fermentations
Microorganisms as food, Enzymes and food processing
Amino acids, vitamins and sweeteners
Organic acids and polysaccharides
Public acceptance and safety of new biotechnology foods
Biotechnology and medicine
Pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals
Antibiotics
Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies
Biopharmaceuticals/therapeutic proteins
Pharmacogenetics
Molecular biology and human disease
Diagnostics in developing countries
Gene therapy
Systems biology and medicine
Stem cell biotechnology
Protection of biotechnological 8. inventions
Patent protection Trade secrets
Plant breeders’ rights
Recent development in 9. Biotechnology
Achievements of Biotechnology in different fi elds
Genome sequencing of Ragi done for the fi rst time in the world
GM mustard policy
DNA as storage device
Biomarker
Algae based footwear
Artifi cial Womb
U.K. grants gene editing license
GM Mosquito
DBT launched “Sohum” an innovative newborn hearing screening device
Biotech-KISAN scheme
India’s fi rst biomass to ethanol plant & its commercialization
Digital Biopiracy
Genetically Modifi ed Mosquito
Designer Babies’ or Three Parents Babies
National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015-2020
Remarks
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Origin of Life and Cells1.
Cell Structure
Membranes
Cell-Cell Interactions
Energy and Metabolism
Respiration
Cell Division
Sexual Reproduction
Genetics2.
Inheritance
DNA, The Genetic Material
Gene Expression
Gene Regulation
Mutation
Recombinant DNA Technology
Classifi cation of Living Things3.
Classifi cation and Domains of Life
General Biology/Classifi cation of Living Things/Viruses
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Protista
Plants
Fungi
Animals
Evolution of Life4.
Evolution of Life
Animal Evolution
Human Evolution
Tissues5.
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Endocrine system6.
Hypothalamus
Pineal body (epiphysis)
Pituitary gland (hypophysis)
Thyroid
Adrenal glands
Reproductive glands
Respiratory System7.
External and Internal Respiration
Respiratory system in Plants
Respiratory System in Insects
Respiratory System in Humans and Animals
The Transport System in Organisms8.
Transport system in a Cell
Transport System in Plants
Transport System in Animals
Blood Vascular System
The Lymphatic System
Skeletal and Muscular Systems9.
GENERAL SCIENCE
BIOLOGY
UPSC - PRELIMS SYLLABUS 2019-20
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Bone and Skeleton System (Osteology)
Ligaments (Syndesmology)
Muscular System (Myology)
Vertebrates
Reproductive System10.
Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Asexual Reproduction in Animals
Sexual Reproduction in Plants
Sexual Reproduction in Animals
Sexual Reproduction in Humans
Excretory System11.
Excretory products
Excretion in plants
Excretion in Animals
Osmoregulation, ADH and formation of Urine in Animals
Physiological and Behavioural Adjustments
Nutrition12.
Classifi cation by Source of Energy and Carbon
Plant Nutrition
Animal Nutrition
Human Diet
The Digestive System
Photosynthesis
Diseases13.
Tuberculosis
Non-Communicable diseases
Diabetes mellitus
Economic Zoology14.
Benefi cial animals: Corals - Earthworm - Vermiculture
Benefi cial insects - Prawns - Lobsters -
Crabs - Pearl oysters - Fishes - Guano - Aquarium - Vivarium.
Harmful animals: Disease causing organisms - Vectors - Poisonous organisms - Fouling organisms - Pests.
Recent Development15.
India has declared free from Bird fl u
Revised Draft guidelines for stem cell research, 2017
Therapy for sepsis
Curcumin, A bioactive component of turmeric treats cancer
Embryo transfer technology to increase livestock productivity
“SOHUM’ an indigenously developed newborn hearing screening device
Kyasanur forest disease or monkey fever developed
India Declared Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus, H5N1 and Yaws Free
Mission Indradhanush
New TB Drug Regimen
Remarks