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Urban Canada
Why are Cities located where they are?•Natural harbour•Lay on river- power, running water,
industries•Railway line•Major highway•Important road intersection•Close to natural resources
Communities Across Canada
The Hamlet•Smallest kind of settlement•8-10 buildings•Limited services•Buildings usually clustered around an
intersection, sometimes called a “four corner community”
•Not many habitants
The Village
•As hamlets grew, they became villages•Typically 200-800 people•Can have a population up to 1000
people
The Town
•Has a population of 1 000-10 000 people
•Most have a main shopping area and provide all the main goods and services their residents need
The City•Becomes a city when reaches a population of
10 000 people or more
•More goods and services than towns
•Industries bring money to the city and provide part of the economic base with businesses
•Cities that reach a population of over 100 000 people are referred to as CMA- Census Metropolitan Area
Land Use in the City
•How is the land within a city used?
Land Use in the City•City land uses include the following:
▫Residential (homes) - 40%
▫Commercial (stores/offices) -4%
▫Industrial (factories) - 6%
▫Institutional (schools, libraries, government
buildings and religious centres) -10%
▫Recreational (parks/open space) -7%
▫Transportation (roads, tracks) -33%
Residential
•Largest use of land in the city
Includes areas called the suburbs- residential areas located around the fringes of the city
Commercial Land Use
•Stores, offices, strip malls, indoor malls•Tend to be located on busy streets and
areas easily accessible for cars and public transit
Central Business District (CBD)- heart of the city
•Downtown area
Industrial Land Use• Provides money and jobs for the city• Located near transportation routes or railways in
an industrial park
• Industrial Park- area set aside specifically for industries
Types of Industries
Light industry-small industrial plants and warehouses
Heavy Industry- large-scale factories (ex. Steel plants)
Recreational
•Parks•Green space•Sports fields•Arenas•Walking paths
Institutional
•School- elementary, secondary, post secondary
•Government Buildings- court house, city hall
•Libraries•Religious centres- church, synagogue,
temple
Transportation
•Roads▫Highways▫Arterials▫Local roads
•Rail lines
The Changing City
Megalopolis- this occurs when cities grow so big that their boundaries touch and form one huge urban area
•Canada has one Megalopolis- goes from Oshawa to St. Catharines
Problems in the Modern City
As cities continue to grow, problems can arise:
•Traffic•Crime•Overcrowding•Strain on city facilities•Not enough money to fix problems
City RenewalCities with problems cannot restart from
scratch, but they can renew themselves- in one of 4 ways
1. Renovation-renovate or alter individual buildings
2. Redevelopment-one type of building is torn down and another is built in its place
3. Land Reclamation-renewing areas that become so polluted that they are not being used for anything
4. Diversifying-develop new industries
