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Urban Forest Hurricane Recovery Program http://treesandhurricanes.ifas.ufl.edu Slide 2 Selecting Tropical and Subtropical Tree Species for Wind Resistance Eliana Kampf Mary Duryea Slide 3 Study Methodology Results Lists of wind resistance Recommendations for a healthy urban forest Slide 4 Andrew 165 mph 1992 Georges 110 mph 1998 Katrina 125 mph 2005 Rita 120 mph 2005 Ivan 130 mph 2004 Opal 125 mph 1995 Erin 85 mph 1995 Dennis 120 mph 2005 Charley 145 mph 2004 Puerto Rico Louisiana Mississippi Alabama Florida Georgia Hurricanes Measured in Study Funding: FL DOT and DOF, USDA Forest Service Jeanne 120 mph 2004 Slide 5 SE Coastal Plain Subtropical & Tropical Slide 6 Urban neighborhoods randomly chosen at point of landfall All trees along streets were measured Standing, leaning or fallen Measured dbh, height for palms Defoliation, branch damage Methodology Slide 7 Surveyed 240 arborists, urban foresters, forest scientists Asked them to rank 160 tree species for wind resistance Wind and Trees Survey Slide 8 Hurricane Charley (145 mph) * Invasive, not recommended by IFAS ** Prohibited in Florida *** Caution: manage to prevent escape black olive longleaf pine 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Senegal date* areca palm bald cypress manila palm washingtonia sabal palm royal palm laurel oak sea grape SFL slash pine live oak coconut palm strangler fig Survival (%) Tree species LSD=30% citrus pigmy date camphor* gumbo limbo Australian pine** melaleuca** Norfolk I. pine queen palm*** Results Slide 9 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 live oak camphor* Branches Lost (Mean %) LSD=32% laurel oak longleaf pine Australian pine** Norfolk Is. pine melaleuca** gumbo limbo sea grape S.FL slash pine black olive bald cypress citrus * Invasive, not recommended by IFAS ** Prohibited in Florida Tree species Hurricane Charley (145 mph) strangler fig Results Slide 10 Survival (Recalculated) (%) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Tree species pigmy date manila palm sabal palm bald cypress washingtonia royal palm queen palm*** camphor* Norfolk Is. pine laurel oak live oak black olive Australian pine** longleaf pine gumbo limbo sea grape S.FL slash pine strangler fig melaleuca** LSD=20% Senegal date* coconut palm citrus areca palm * Invasive, not recommended by IFAS ** Prohibited in Florida *** Caution: manage to prevent escape Results Hurricane Charley (145 mph) Slide 11 Dicots 57% survival in Charley 68% survival in Andrew 89% survival in Charley 84% survival in Andrew Black olive Gumbo Limbo Slide 12 Oaks in North FL Sand live oak Live oakLaurel Survival (%) 0 Erin (85 mph) Dennis (120 mph) Opal (125 mph) Ivan (130 mph) 20 40 60 80 100 P