Urban Growth and Decline Stage 5 Geography. Cities are always changing Urban consolidation Urban decline Gentrification Urban renewal Change involves

Urban Growth and Decline

Stage 5 Geography

Cities are always changing

Urban consolidation

Urban decline

Gentrification

Urban renewal

Change involves four urban processes

Focus: ICT in the Stage 5 Geography SyllabusGeography (Mandatory) Stage 5 requires students to:

• access, collect and interpret electronic information.

• critically analyse a website, including the ethics of the site

• design and create a multimedia presentation or webpage to communicate geographical information to a particular audience, including maps and diagrams as appropriate

• import data from other ICT applications into student research findings

• design and create a simple database from student research

• create a formatted, multiple-paged document containing web-links to communicate geographical information

This action research project is to encourage students to:

review models, make notes and gather secondary data on urban structure and process.

access, collect and interpret electronic information using the Internet, Moodle & SSC Leichhardt Geog Blog

use ABS - Sydney a Social Atlas 2006, ABS Community profile statistics, Google Maps, Google Street View

Maintain a record of all materials studied in a formatted, multiple-paged document containing web-links to communicate geographical information

Import data from other ICT applications into student research findings

design and create a simple database from student research

This action research project is to encourage students to:

critically analyse a website, including the ethics of the site

use applications ie. Word/ Adobe Portfolio or OneNote

process information using applications such as Excel & Photoshop

consult & add to a Delicious network using an agreed set of tags

design & create a multimedia presentation or webpage to communicate geographical : Wiki

Stage 1 – 31 March to 2 May

Stage 2 – 3 May to 23 May

Stage 3 – 24 May onwards

Implementation of the Program

The Research Questions

How is the Foreshore being used?

How has the land use changed and what is the impact on the biophysical and built environment?

What issues have arisen from Urban Growth & Decline?

Who is affected by these issues?

How are the issues being addressed?

The Research Cycle

2. Generate focus questions to Guide the investigation

1. Identify the aim/purpose of the investigation

3. Which primary and secondary data are needed to answer the focus questions

4. Identify the techniques that will be used to collect the data

5. collect primary and secondary data

6. Process and analyse the data collected

7. Select methods to effectively communicate the research findings

8. Propose individual or group action in response to the findings

9. Where appropriate, take action

The Field Study Area

Darling Harbour

Barangaroo

Millers Point Walsh Bay

Circular Quay

Basic content presented in 7 PowerPoints

1. Basic urban processes

2. Sydney’s Development

3. Government stakeholders and their responsibilities

4. Community and commercial stakeholders

5. Changes in the study area from the 19th to 21st centuries

6. Field Work

7. Processes operating in the study area

Lesson content provided students with a rich preparation for field activities

Hickson Rd – The Hungry Mile – Darling Harbour

Showing Change in the Area

Smith & Gardiner’s Map of Sydney and Suburbs

1855

Robinson’s Aeroplane Map of Sydney

1922

Showing Change in the area

Google Map of Sydney 2010

Showing Change in the Area

Built using Photoshop

Scoping the topic with FreeMind

Moodle : supplementing basic content

Link to TALE & laptop Wraps

A platform of resources

OneNote book template

Homework posted here

SSC Geog Blog

Providing additional

content

Aiming to facilitate

interactivity

SSC Geog Blog

Provide a additional

audio materials

Pages added for

each part of course

SSC Geog Blog

PowerPoints posted on Blog

Stage 1 – Resources and Tools• ABS Sydney a Social Atlas 2006• ABS Community profile statistics• Google Maps & Street View• Models of Urban development

Simple Land Use Models

• Excel, Word, Adobe Portfolio or OneNote, Photoshop, CameraDigital Tools

• Delicious• SSC Leichhardt BlogWeb2.0 Tools

WkPer Focus Content Student task

Wk 10 to Wk 1

Finding basic data Preparation of simple community Profile, identify & photograph urban processes

Work on pre-topic assessment using neighbourhood data.1. Prepare a basic community

profile. 2. identify & photograph one or

more urban processes in own neighbourhood

3. locate photograph on a neighbourhood map or satellite image

Stage 1 - Pre-activity Assessment

WkPer Focus Content Student taskWk 2P 1 Definition of

Processes1. PPT presentation on Urban

Processes with examples from Leichhardt Municipality

2. Define Urban Growth, Decline, Renewal, Consolidation and Gentrification

3. Spatial & ecological dimensions

Students continue work on pre topic assessment organising neighbourhood map & basic community profile, completing placement of photographs illustrating urban processes.

Wk 2P2 Definition of

Processes1. Sharing of photographs

(Bluetooth/USB thumb drive)2. PPT - patterns of city growth &

decline in Australia's urban areas3. Brainstorm likely issues & the

impacts of urban growth on the economy, environment & communities.

1. Discuss impact of Urban Growth & decline on people, economy and environment?

2. Who Are the stakeholders?3. Lift images from PPT &

makes notes using Moodle based resources

4. Present in OneNote or Word & Adobe Portfolio.

5. Post questions/comments on Blog

Stage 1- Week 2, Term 2

Sydney has changed since 1788

Sydney has grown out from a centre

Cities can be represented by circlesThe area of first settlement

Outward growth

Cities grow out from areas of first settlement, and as they grow certain processes occur:

Some areas Decline

In some areas there is Renewal

There’s Consolidation of people in some places

In other places change in social and economic status occurs - Gentrification

Sydney has branched out

What might have caused this?

Railways greatly influenced Sydney’s development

1850

2004

Trams began to be phased out from the 1950s onwards as car and truck transport developed

George St, 1950s

Car & Trucks and Buses

By the 1960s cars, trucks and buses were major forms of transport in Sydney

Lessons: provided basic content

Major traffic thoroughfare

Port Activities

Visible air pollutionWaterfront

cargo storage

Cargo unloaded directly to

wharf

Horse drawn freezer/meat

van

Pyrmont bridge: 1903

Lessons: provided basic content

Port activities

confined to ferries and

Private boating

No visible air pollutionWaterfront

Hotels &apartments

Tourism activities on

wharf

Pyrmont bridge: 2009

View across Darling Harbour 1880s

View across Darling Harbour 2010

Can you see anything from the 1880s?

Late 19th century view from Windmill St, Millers Point, looking over Walsh Bay

Living and Working Conditions

19 Gloucester Street, The Rocks WarehouseWool Store

Port and factory workers lived close to work

Walsh Bay Wharves

Early 20th century Darling Harbour coal loader – ships needed coal for fuel


19 Gloucester Street, The Rocks

Coal train rolling stockCoal powered steam engine

Millers Point

Urban decline in the 19th century


Unsealed streets and horse manure a breeding ground

for bacteria

Horse and cart

Children barefooted

In the 19th Century streets were often unsealed and unsanitary



Hydrated lime barrel.

Hydrated lime was used as a disinfectant because it produced a dry & alkaline environment that retard bacterial growth

Urban renewal – cleaning out 19th century drains in 1900



Blocked drainage being cleared

Bones, horns and old piles unearthed

A bubonic plague outbreak led to demolition of some decaying urban areas



1900 Demolition of sub-standard housing

Around 1900 retailing was still largely through corner stores and local businesses


19 Gloucester Street, The RocksSigns of global industry emerging

In the 20th century the area was still a mix of docks, warehouses, industry & housing



Large areas of housing demolished to build the Sydney Harbour bridge

Walsh Bay finger wharves

Balmain

Darling Harbour

Pyrmont

Darling Harbour immediately before the Darling Harbour Urban renewal Project - 1980



Railway lines removed

Empty Wool StoresNow converted to

apartments & parking

Urban decline – old industrial area

Still a working port

How is land in the study area now used?

No shipping of cargo,Port abandoned

Millers Point heritage houses built from 1820

to 1930Heritage buildings

remaining on Gas Works site

Modern apartments – urban consolidation

High rise office blocks Western Distributor


No longer finger wharves at King St

Moorings for private ferries, cruise and

charter boats

Low energy buildings with small carbon

footprint

Tourist Hotels Restaurants and bars


Urban consolidation

Urban Renewal - Maritime Museum

Public Access to foreshore

Stage 2 – Resources and Tools• Government, Corporate and

Community websites & reports• Images – photos, videos, maps,

statistical maps, graphs

Processes, Stakeholders,

Decisions, Future

• Excel, Word, Adobe Portfolio or OneNote, Photoshop, CameraDigital Tools

• Delicious• SSC Leichhardt Blog

Web2.0 Tools

WkPer Focus Content Student taskWk 3P 1 Stakeholders

and Their Perceptions

1. PPT Identifying three levels of government stakeholders in Stakeholder levels of govt. CBD & Darling harbour areas?

2. Introduce websites view policies & approaches to the development of Sydney - CBD and Darling harbour areas.

1. Prepare a diagram or table in OneNote or Excel and Adobe Portfolio, based on lesson, summarising the responsiblities of govt in urban issues.

2. Use PPT posted on the Blog & other websites identified through Delicious or Internet.

Wk3P2 Stakeholders

and Their Perceptions

1. PTT introducing stakeholder commercial & community organisations interested in urban processesWhich have a stake in CBD & Darling harbour areas?Determine their position on the development of Sydney - CBD and Darling harbour areas

Prepare a diagram or table outlining the commercial interests and concerns of the different groups Use the PPT & other websites from Delicious or the Internet, Present in OneNote or Excel and Adobe Portfolio


WkPer Focus Content Student taskWk 4P 1 Decisions

making processes and management

1. PT and notes plus some film footage Blog addressing change in City West, Darling Harbour, Millers Pt & Walsh Bay areas in 19th & early to mid 20th centuries.

1. Use the PPT posted on the Blog plus other websites you identify through Delicious or on the Internet, to prepare notes in OneNote or Word & Adobe Portfolio, answering the questions addressed in today's lesson.

Wk 4P2 Decisions

making processes and management

1. PT and notes plus some film footage Blog addressing change in City West, Darling Harbour, Millers Pt & Walsh Bay areas in the late 20th & early 21st centuries.

1. Use the PPT posted on the Blog plus other websites you identify through Delicious or on the Internet, to prepare notes in OneNote or Word & Adobe Portfolio, answering the questions addressed in today's lesson.


WkPer Focus Content Student taskWk 5P 1 Implications

and the Future

1. PPT showing Issues and Implications of Urban Growth & Decline Issues highlighting - Processes, Indicator & Impacts of urban growth and decline

2. List of issues arising from Urban growth & decline under headings Process, Indicator Impact + or -

•Process, Indicator Impact, who is affected by Urban Growth and decline? Who Are the stakeholders?(Enables students to gather secondary data they will soon investigate in the field)

Wk 5P2 Implications

and the Future

PPT & notes & some video already posted on Blog about Barangaroo, addressing :•Nature & scope of the project•Project as urban renewal•Stakeholders & Environmental,•Economic & Community impacts

Also Sydney's transport system. Plans for the future

Describe the:•Nature & scope of the project•Project as urban renewal•Stakeholders & Environmental,•Economic & Community impacts Using delicious and Internet presented in OneNote or Word & Adobe Portfolio.


Government Stakeholders

NSW Maritime

Planning NSW

NSW Road Transit Authority (RTA)

NSW Housing

Federal Government NSW Government Local Government

Sydney City Council

NSW Dept of Environment Climate Change & Water

Aust Dept of Immigration & Citizenship

Aust Dept of Customs & Excise

NSW Transport & Infrastructure

NSW Road Transit Authority

RTA’s major stakes in the area are the Cross City Tunnel, the Western Distributor and the Sydney Harbour Bridge.

Its colour, cladding and architecture were determined in consultation with other Government Departments & stakeholders

There is a cross city tunnel ventilation stack located in the Darling Harbour area

near Druitt St.

The city’s major north south traffic route.

Planning NSW – NSW Department of Planning

Planning NSW’s three agencies have a major role in managing the areas

NSW Heritage Council

Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority

Barangaroo Delivery

Authority

Barangaroo Delivery AuthorityThe NSW Government’s is committed to the delivery of Barangaroo in a coordinated and financially responsible manner.

Established under the Barangaroo Delivery Authority Act 2009

Barangaroo will extend from King St Wharf, along the eastern side of Darling Harbour to Millers Point and around to Walsh Bay. It’s a very large area of around 15 central city blocks but most is on the old Patrick's Wharf site in Darling Harbour.

NSW Maritime a State Government Authority responsible for:

marine safety, regulation of commercial & recreational boating and oversight of port operations

property management of submerged lands in

Sydney

removal of rubbish in the interests of the tourist industry, harbour-side local government, the recreational boating public, operators of commercial vessels, waterfront property holders and the public using Sydney Harbour.

Storm Water Management in the Study Area

Sydney Water works in conjunction with local councils to manage stormwater quality

SQID Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices.

Managed by Sydney City Council under the CBD

SQID Stormwater Quality Improvement Devices.

Managed by Sydney Water in Blackwattle Bay

NSW Transport & Infrastructure

Sydney Ferries is a NSW Government agency operating regular ferry passenger services on Sydney Harbour and its tributaries

Sydney Ferries

Visitors – Darling Harbour

SydneysidersOther NSWInterstateOverseas

54%

31%

9%

5%

Almost 150 million people have visited Darling Harbour since it opened in 1988.

Source: Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre | fact file February 2009

Darling Harbour Tenants

The Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority manages 97 tenancies in Darling Harbour

Source: The Darling Harbour Authority - http://www.shfa.nsw.gov.au/sydney-Our_places_and_projects-Darling_Harbour.htm

Who is the main stakeholder?

http://www.shfa.nsw.gov.au/sydney-Our_places_and_projects-Darling_Harbour.htm

Cruise Boat and Charter Operators

Who are the stakeholders?

“Rather than just saying ‘don’t do that’, we try saying ‘what about this’. It doesn’t always work and sometimes we just have to grin and bear it. But it’s much harder for them (the council and government) to deny an idea if you offer other real alternatives.”

Millers Point Residents’ Action Group

Millicent Chalmers OAM, Chair

Who are the stakeholders?

Stage 3 – Resources and Tools• Board of Studies examples of

student work – on Moodle• Teamwork• Roles and responsibilities defined

Research Action Plan integrating primary & secondary data

• Excel, Word, Adobe Portfolio or OneNote, Photoshop, Audacity, Premier Elements, GPS, Camera

Digital Tools

• Delicious• SSC Leichhardt Blog

Web2.0 Tools

WkPer Focus Content Student taskWk 6P 1 Fieldwork:

integrating Primary & Secondary data

1. Introduce Research Action Plan as an animated PPT

2. PPT on Secondary data - reviewing sources already used

3. PPT on Primary data collection - cameras, digital video, gathering noise samples, measuring wind speed, temperature, GPS.

4. Review Field Work Format5. Allocate data collection tasks

Practice:•Testing sound levels (Audacity)•Taking photos with cameras•Using digital video

Wk 6P2 Fieldwork

Wk 7on Following

FieldworkOngoing:Interested students to edits videoInterested students post findings to Wiki

Stage 3 - Week 6, Term 2

The Research Cycle

2. Generate focus questions to Guide the investigation

1. Identify the aim/purpose of the investigation

3. Which primary and secondary data are needed to answer the focus questions

4. Identify the techniques that will be used to collect the data

5. collect primary and secondary data

6. Process and analyse the data collected

7. Select methods to effectively communicate the research findings

8. Propose individual or group action in response to the findings

9. Where appropriate, take action

Stage 3 – Resources and Tools• Assembling of primary materials• Students writing and posting

findings to Wiki • Students post to Delicious

Construction of Wiki & Delicious Tags

• Excel, Word, Adobe Portfolio or OneNote, Photoshop, Audacity, Premier Elements, GPS, Cameras

Digital Tools

• Delicious• SSC Leichhardt Blog• SSC Leichhardt Wiki

Web2.0 Tools

A Student’s Work from the Field Study

8. Processes, indicators, impacts and management

Part of the old gasworks on Hickson Rd

New high rise apartments

The process is Urban Consolidation shown by apartments, building with small ecological footprint and preservation of heritage

Photo by Gieun

The Bond Building. 6 Green Star rating

A Student’so Community Profile

Urban Processes in a Student’s Neighbourhood

Video Clips

Wiki

Watch this space

A Footnote follows

Blog Visits

Timetable & Calendar Issues

5 Periods lost to school events

15 Periods available for Issues in the Australian Environment

Documents

Urban Growth and Decline Stage 5 Geography. Cities are always changing Urban consolidation Urban decline Gentrification Urban renewal Change involves