Urban Policy Working GroupApril 8, 2011

Agenda

Environmental Transport PlanningTransport Approaches

Road PricingLow Emission ZonesPark n Ride

Car SharingPublic transportThe Public RealmTraffic CalmingCyclingElectric Vehicles

Environmental Transport Planning

What are your objectivesWhy are you doing it?Who are you doing it for?How will it be funded?What are the issues to be addressed?

Issues

Local – Regional – National – International linkagesTraffic congestionLand Use integrationModal ChoiceRoad safetyFreight transportEnvironmental, public health & social issuesEnergy supply & securityFunding

Starting Point

Why are you doing thisWhat are YOUR concernsWhat are YOUR objectivesWhat is your vision?What are your aims & objectives

FastSafeIntegratedResponsiveSustainable

Transportation Hierarchy?

Stakeholders

Who needs to be involved?Who should be involved?

Elected RepresentativesIndustry (rail, freight, haulage, airports, ports)Customers (Commercial, Retail, Manufacturing, Industrial)Community (young, old, families, commuters, cyclists,

pedestrians)Operators (bus, taxi, rail)

Data Collection

What information do you have?What do you need?How will you get it?How will you pay for it?

QuantitativeCongestion, delays, accidents, fatalities, air quality

QualitativePerceptions, experience, customer satisfaction

What does the future hold?

do minimum - business as usualcar dominanthigh quality public passenger transportcycle dominantpedestrian dominantconcentrated land use- reduce transport demandfull cost pricingdemand management – regulation, parking controldemand management – education

Transport Approaches: Road Pricing

Economic measures to affect transport change

Levy based aspect of choiceToll roads, congestion charging, low emission zones

Politically sensitive‘Regressive’ taxPaying twice for asset?

Transport Approaches: Congestion Charging

Used to reduce congestion through targeted area chargingCan be adjusted for vehicles or time of day

ImpactsSingapore: pioneers, very effectiveLondon: mixed – reports show initial

decrease but growing traffic volumes.– Significant issues with road works– Substantial revenue generation invested into transport

Stockholm: effective but low public support

Enforcement: Number Plate recognition

London Congestion Charge Zone

CC Impact: 2001 – 2008 (enlarged zone)

Change in Cars & Taxis (left)

Change in Cyclists(right)

Red dots indicate reduction, Blue dots indicate increase

Transport Approaches: Low Emission Zones

Used to improve air quality through encouraging vehicles to become cleanerIncluded vehicles must reduce their emission levels or pay penaltiesCan be adjusted for pollutant type, vehicles, time of day or general standard e.g., EURO III

Enforcement: Number Plate recognition

London Low Emission Zone

Transport Approaches: Park ‘n’ Ride

Connect commuters to public transport hubsPurpose – Parking and/or CongestionNeeds good integrationProvide benefit to userInfrastructure provision

Transport Approaches: Park ‘n’ Ride Oxford

Transport Approaches: Car Sharing

Pay as you go carsOn demand vehicle usageOn-line reservation systemUser administered (following approval)Rental period – minute/hourly/daily

Transport Approaches: Car Sharing

Multi or Single OperatorInitial demand mappingOperator vs Local Authority aimsAuthority standardsElectric Vehicles

Public Transport – Integrated Package

Customer FocusedMode of Choice?

Rail, Bus, Tram, Ferry

ElementsNetwork of Services Service Performance StandardsFares Service Providers Infrastructure

Public Transport – Network of Services

FastFrequentDirectCoverageLegible

Make it attractive

Network of Services: Legibility

Public Transport – Service Standards

FrequencyHours of OperationService ReliabilityComfortSpeed of travelAccessibility

competing with the private car

Public Transport – Fares

Aspect of funding but:PT has wider social, environmental and economic benefits

that need to be recognised.

Fare structure: Simple & Legible

Integrated ticketing

Public Transport – Service Providers

Partners

Front linecustomer services complaints & complimentsService operation

Maximising Patronage ≠

Maximising Revenue

Public Transport - Infrastructure

Visible asset of servicesFirst point of contactDoes the customer feel valued?

The Public Realm

Physical and Psychological measures

What is the role of the street?Who does it ‘belong’ to?What is important?

Roading or Road User Hierarchy?

Traditional approach to traffic engineering?

Motorists: "selfish, stupid, obedient automatons who had to be protected from their own stupidity“

Non-motorists: "vulnerable, stupid, obedient automatons who had to be protected from cars –and their own stupidity"

Prof John Adams

"if you treat drivers like idiots, they act as idiots“Hans Mondermann

Roading Hierarchy

Primary routes, part of national route network A roads

Major distributors, links between primary routes and primary destinations

other A roads

Minor distributors, routes of more than local importance,

B roads

Local roads, all other roads C or unclassified

Modal Hierarchy

Traffic Calming

Three E’sEngineeringEducationEnforcement

Speed tablesChicanesRoad NarrowingTreesRoad MarkingsSurface treatments materials / rumble stripsSpeed CamerasTHINK!

Traffic Calming - Engineering

Traffic Calming - Education

Traffic Calming - Education

Enforcement

Need Traffic Authority supportPart of wider strategyNeed community supportActive or Passive

Cameras or checkpointsMobile phones?Seat Belts?Helmets?

Cycling

Underutilised modeClean, Green and EfficientPerceptions of safety

Cycle & Road trainingRoad &Traffic conditionsCycle SecurityCycle Hire

London’s Cycle Hire Scheme

Modelled on Parisian VelibLaunched August 2010400 Stations (every 300m)6,000 bikesUsers

Casual & Registered

Cycle Friendly :London’s Cycle Hire Scheme

Cycle Superhighways

Safer, Faster & More Direct Journeys10 across LondonSupporting Measures

Cycle Superhighways

Cycle Super Highways

1. Traffic reduction.

2. Traffic calming.

3. Junction treatment and traffic management.

4. Redistribution of the carriageway

5. Cycle lanes.

British Cyclists Touring Club (CTC) and the Institute for Highways and Transportation

Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

•Emit 40% less CO2

using UK grid mix –potentially zero carbon in the future

•No tailpipe emissions

•New, but rapidly growing technology attracting investment

Why electric vehicles?

Potential to contribute 10‐15k jobs and £600m annually to London’s economy by 2025

Low Carbon Economy

Road transport is responsible for  16% of London’s CO2

emissions

Climate Change

Road transport is responsible for 45% of London’s NOx emissions and 56% of its PM10 emissions

Air Quality

London’s EV Delivery Plan

Charging Infrastructure

Marketing and Incentives

Vehicles

100,000 electric vehicles in London 

•5% of all London fleet  to be electric

•Champion adoption by councils, businesses, car clubs and Londoners

•TfL delivering a procurement framework to enable the public sector to purchase up to 1,300 EVs

•GLA Group aspires to have up to 1,000 EVs in its own fleet. 

London’s EV Delivery Plan

Charging Infrastructure

Marketing and Incentives

Vehicles

25,000 charging points across London by 2015

• Employee car parks to offer workplace charging points• TfL delivering a procurement framework to enable purchase of 

£30M of charging infrastructure (Plugged in Places)• A network of publically accessible charge points across the city• 1 in 5 new development parking spaces to have an EV charging point (Draft London Plan)

First Steps in Delivery : Funding

£9.3m grant awarded by UK Government provides 50% match funding for TfL and private sector investment in publically accessible charging infrastructure 1,300 publicly accessible charge points by 2013

• Public / private consortium led by TfL includes Asda, BAA,  EDF, Europcar, Hertz, Nissan, Sainsbury's, Siemens, SSE and Tesco 

£0£10£20£30£40£50£60

Millions

Proposed Revised

Private Local Gov't Central Gov't/EU

A Pan‐London Network

Electricity is free at the point of use to membersLocation, and availability will be viewable from one websiteCall centre for help and advice and to report any issuesMaintenance and emergency call out co-ordinated across the city

• All points in public spaces networked and accessed by smart cards

• Annual membership fee (£100) allows  you free access any of the charge points across London

London’s EV Delivery Plan

Charging Infrastructure

Marketing and Incentives

Vehicles

• Pan London brand will highlight charging infrastructure, pan‐London scheme, website and information across London

• Incentives: No congestion charge• Communication strategy aimed at likely early adopters and businesses

Source London

www.sourcelondon.net