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Urban Sprawl• Government notices problems in the
1980s– Urban sprawl– Car ownership rising (1960: 113/1000 1990: 422/1000)
– Little housing for low income residents
150,000
170,000
190,000
210,000
230,000
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Population
Year
Freiburg Population Growth 1960-2010
http://www.eaue.de/winuwd/84.HTM
Historic Dense Development
Post Zoning-Changes
Old Zoning : Sprawl
Effects of Integrated Development Policy
Government and Public TransitHow Government Shapes the City
KEY TENETS:
• Make Transit Attractive - City council shapes where people will travel through planning
•Direct development - public sector plays a strong central role•Provides 85% of Financing
• Keep the Public Involved - Community is engaged in the planning process at every step
In Planning – Cyclist/Pedestrians > Public Transit >> AutoIn Practice – Public Transit > Cyclist/Pedestrians >> Auto
Priority
Urban Public Transit
Light Rail• 58 Vehicles• 70% of users• 27.5 km of track
City Busses• 62 Articulated, 21
Standard• 30% of users• 270 km network
•$35/mo after 30% price cut•Serves 17 different transportation companies•All of City and outer lying neighborhoods•2800 km of travel options
Passenger travel has increased by more than 100 percent since 1980.
What About Bicycling?• Strongly encouraged and
supported by city government• 160 km of sign-posted bicycle
paths• Streets with restricted vehicle
traffic– Ex. One-ways w/ 2-way bike traffic
• Bicycle “queuing strips” at some junctions – similar to “bike boxes”
• Bicycle station & mobility center – “Mobile”
– Location: west side of R.R. station– Secure parking – 1001 guarded
spaces– Rent-a-bike ~ 5-10 Euro/day– Repair services– Information center
And Pedestrians?
• Streets with restricted vehicle traffic, reduced speed limits
• Extensive pedestrian zone in city center – “Fußgängerzone”– No autos allowed– Only delivery trucks in early
AM & street cleaners in late PM
• Benefit from city government’s efforts to promote cycling and public transit– Tendency towards pedestrian-
friendly environment & easy access
Transportation Planning
Reduction of Motorized Traffic• Short Travel Distances• Extreme price of gas• High parking prices• Environmentally
friendly public transportation
• Slow traffic speeds
Conclusion• Government planned communities
– Can control design
• Vauban– Light rail installed before lots sold– Short distance and mixed routes for pedestrians and
bikes– No parking zones
• Must rent spot in garages• Car share programs• 40 % without cars
– Livable streets– Economic bonus – Low income housing and 600 jobs