U.S. Department of EnergyClean Coal Programs

U.S. Department of EnergyClean Coal Programs

Vision 21The Zero Emissions Power Plant of the Future

November 2002

Vision 21The Zero Emissions Power Plant of the Future

November 2002

U.S. Department of Energy 2

Vision 21Vision 21

Adv. Pulverized & Fluidized Combustors

Gasification Combined Cycle

Gas Turbines

Emission Controls

Fuel Preparation

Liquid Synthesis

Adv. Pulverized & Fluidized Combustors

Gasification Combined Cycle

Gas Turbines

Emission Controls

Fuel Preparation

Liquid Synthesis

Ultra-Super Critical Steam Systems

High Performance Heat Exchangers

Membrane/Other Gas Separation

Fuel Flexible Gasifiers and Gas Turbine/Fuel Cells

Carbon Sequestration R&D

Ultra-Super Critical Steam Systems

High Performance Heat Exchangers

Membrane/Other Gas Separation

Fuel Flexible Gasifiers and Gas Turbine/Fuel Cells

Carbon Sequestration R&D

Hybrid Gasifier/Combustor, Fuel Cell/Turbine Systems

Advanced Emission Controls

Liquids/Heat Coproduction

CO2 Capture

Carbon Sequestration

Hybrid Gasifier/Combustor, Fuel Cell/Turbine Systems

Advanced Emission Controls

Liquids/Heat Coproduction

CO2 Capture

Carbon Sequestration

TodayToday 20052005 20102010 20152015

Virtually pollution freeSulfur/nitrogen pollutants converted to chemicals, fertilizers, etc.

Double power efficiencies60%+ (compared to 33% today), Reduces CO2 emissions by 40%

Multiple productsCombined heat and power, plus liquid fuels/chemicals boosts overall efficiencies to 80%+

Virtually pollution freeSulfur/nitrogen pollutants converted to chemicals, fertilizers, etc.

Double power efficiencies60%+ (compared to 33% today), Reduces CO2 emissions by 40%

Multiple productsCombined heat and power, plus liquid fuels/chemicals boosts overall efficiencies to 80%+

U.S. Department of Energy 3

Vision 21 Cost Reduction GoalsVision 21 Cost Reduction Goals

$10 per ton carbon$140 – $200 per ton carbonCarbon Sequestration

10% less for equivalent fuel costFuel cost dependentCost of Electricity

$20/bbl-crude equivalent$28/bbl-crude equivalentLiquid Fuels Production

Reduce capital cost 35% (membranes)Cryogenic-air separationOxygen Production

$4.00/MMBtu$6.83/MMBtuHydrogen Production (from coal)

$400/kW$1,500-$3,500/kW**Fuel Cell Capital Cost

$900/kW*$1,200/kWIGCC Capital Cost

2015 GoalPresent

U.S. Department of Energy 4

Vision 21 Technology Targets

10–20% lowerCost of Energy

No Net CO2w/Sequestration47%32%24%CO2 Reduction

Near-Zero1/10 NSPS1/10 NSPS1/6 NSPSEmissions

>60%60%47%42%Efficiency

2015–Vision 21201020052000

U.S. Department of Energy 5

VISION 21Modular Technology

VISION 21Modular Technology

Fossil Fuels• Coal• Gas• Oil

Opportunity Feedstocks• Biomass• Municipal Waste• Petcoke

Electricity

Chemicals

TransportationFuels

Syngas

Hydrogen

Steam

OUTPUT

GasSeparation

Modules

Combustion/Gasification

Systems IntegrationSystems Integration

Modules

Power

High-Temp.Heat Exch.

Modules

Gas Cleanup

Modules

Modules

Modules

Fuels/Chemicals

INPUT

U.S. Department of Energy 6

U.S. Department of Energy 7

Vision 21 Program New Projects Contribute to the Ultra-Clean Energy Plant

CO2 Sequestration

Oxygen M em brane

Electricity

ProcessHeat/Steam

POWER

FU ELS

HydrogenS eparation

Gasification

GasS tream

Cleanup

Fuels/Chemicals

F u e l C e l lF u e l C e l l

L iq u id s C o n v e r s io nL iq u id s C o n v e rs io n

H ig h E f f ic ie n c y T u rb in eH ig h E f f ic ie n c y T u r b in e

C oal

OtherFuels

Systems Integration

Advanced Materials

Modeling -Combustion

Turbines & Fuel Cells

Hydrogen Membrane

Gasification &Combustion

OxygenMembrane

Modeling -Gas/Particle

Flow

Virtual Simulation

U.S. Department of Energy 8

Vision 21Public Benefits

Increases electricity supply and reduces costs• Resolves environmental issues and mitigates plant

siting concerns• Enables continued use of low-cost, secure domestic

coalEases transition to carbon-constrained environment with minimal economic disruption • Vision 21 plants designed to allow for affordable CO2

separation and captureProvides near-term spin-off technologies• Advances in computer simulation and other

technologies promote development of improved components for energy & other systems