Marc LaFrance, US DOE10 October 2017

ARPA-E SHIELD, Providence

US DOE Building Technology Office (BTO)

Window R&D Overview

2U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Overview

• US DOE Buildings/Windows Program

• Window R&D plans and goal

• Complexity of market transformation/policy

• Market challenges and opportunities for advanced field

applied coatings and insulating materials

3

Setting Goals: US DOE BTO Multi-Year Program Plan

http://energy.gov/eere/buildings/downloads/multi-year-program-plan

BTO Goal:• 2030 goal: Reduce average energy

use per square foot of U.S. buildings

by 30% below 2010 levels

• Long-term goal: reduce average EUI

of U.S. buildings by 50%

National Goals: • By 2030, double energy productivity

relative to 2010

• Reduce greenhouse gas emissions

26%–28% below 2005 levels by

2025

4

Provide non-biased

technical expertise

on energy savings

opportunities.

Making an Impact: BTO Strategy

Systems integration

research to validate

energy savings of

emerging

technologies.

Early stage

R&D for next-

generation

building

technologies.

5

Accelerating Integrated Policies

Integrated policy packages – systems and components

Source: IEA, Transition to Sustainable Buildings, 2013

6

6

Window Technologies – Success and Infrastructure

• Whole window ratings with NFRC label and certification;

window attachments coming soon AERC

• Low e glass, major accomplishment, reduces heat loss by

50%; spectrally selective reduces heat gain by over 70%

(SHGC ~0.7 to less than 0.2)

• Examples of window attachments include low-e film and

energy panels, exterior shades, cellular shades, awnings, etc

• Windows designed and rated with US DOE/LBNL software

tools, available for free and used by designers and raters

7

LBNL Fenestration Software Tools Ecosystem

THERM

Optics

WINDOW

CGDB

RESFENCOMFEN

Radiance

IGDB

EP-Calculator

IGDB: specular glazing database

CGDB: complex glazing & shading database

Optics: virtual glass lab

Angular SHGC/U/VT: design

THERM: window frame heat transfer

WINDOW: glazing, shading, whole-window

Radiance: detailed lighting/daylighting

EnergyPlus: whole-building energy

COMFEN: commercial fenestration design

RESFEN: residential fenestration design

EP-Calculator: attachment energy indices

8

8

Low e Storm Windows and Window Film Success

• Low e window film reduces heat loss on single glass by 40%, but not large market uptake for thermal control

• Eastman (Solutia/CP Films), in collaboration with DOE

• Low e storm windows can upgrade single pane windows up to almost double pane low e code compliant windows

• DOE validated performance in multiple settings over many years, HUD, Weatherization, Quanta, PNNL, etc

• ENERGY STAR under consideration (by EPA), significant GSA/DOD uptake

9

• An industry first – R5 insulation on an aluminum window (SI U value of ~ 1.1 W/m2 C)

• An Architectural (AW) structural rating, the highest structural rating for windows

• 40% better thermal performance compared to other high-structural windows

• A wider thermal break and triple glazing, providing condensation resistance and comfort for those inside

9

High Performance Frame

with competitively awarded financial support from US DOE

10U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

DOE Played a Major Role in Dynamic Glass

Development - Clear when you want it (View, Inc)

11U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Tints when you need it (View, Inc)

12U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGYhttps://facades.lbl.gov/nyclivinglab

Automated Shading & Lighting “Living Lab”

13U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Highly Insulating, “Thin” Triple Glazing R&D

Project for rapid development and deployment of affordable, readily manufactured R8,

thin, lightweight IGU

Surface

#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6

0.7mm thin

glass center

layer

Foam spacer

Low-e

Butyl sealant

R2 Sash/Frame

R4 Glazing

R3 Window

R2 Sash/Frame

R8-10 Glazing

R5-7 Window

13

Adhesive

14U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Window and Envelope Roadmap being Updated

• Workshops held, Buildings Envelope XIII Clearwater, FL

December 2016; and at IIT, Chicago, June 2017

• Draft Roadmap expected to be distributed to

stakeholders for review, late Fall 2017

• Major technology goals

– Highly insulating windows

– Dynamic windows

– Daylighting

– Elements to reduce market barriers

• Ultimate window – R10 and variable solar control

(e.g. dynamic vacuum glazing)

15U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Window R&D FY18 Plans

• Funding uncertainty, currently in Continuing

Resolution until December, large differences between

Administration’s Request and Senate Mark

• Possible competitive opportunities if funding is

available

• At a minimum, maintain small core activity at

National Labs

– LBNL – Highly insulating R&D

– NREL – Highly insulating (vacuum insulating glazing)

durability test criteria

16U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

APRA-E SHIELD Projects – Challenges

• Complexity of market

– Residential retrofit market is highly cost sensitive, solutions

need to be inexpensive

– Existing wood windows have limited remaining life

– Ease of application and business model must have least

amount of market disruption;

Example market uptake for low-e storm windows (changing

from one commodity component to another), successful but

over 20M market transformation and over 10 years, finally

moving forward but still too slow

– Could see competition from much higher performing

products, vacuum glazing storm/energy panels

17U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

APRA-E SHIELD Projects – Expanded Markets

• Opportunities beyond residential single pane windows

– Commercial single pane windows have much longer

expected remaining life, and operate within ESCO

environment

– Applied to new windows allows new materials/coatings to

be protected in IGU and potentially inboard of low-e or other

UV protective coatings

– High consumer satisfaction can help accelerate adoption

(e.g. LED traffic lights, CFLs conditioned market for LEDs)

– Find very easy application processes

18U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Summary

• Major progress by BTO windows program, and

design tools are essential for product ratings

• Market transformation takes time and coordinated

efforts

• Successful ARPA-E Shield Projects can go beyond

residential single pane

• If interested in long-term and major window

performance improvements, participate in roadmap

opportunities and consider responding to any

potential future financial opportunities

19U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY OFFICE OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY & RENEWABLE ENERGY

Contact Information

P Marc LaFrance, CEM

Advanced Technology and Energy Policy Manager

(CERC and Window R&D Manager)

US Department of Energy

1000 Independence Ave, SW

Washington, DC 20585-0121

marc.lafrance@ee.doe.gov

202-586-4972

Cell 240-474-2177