US History Core US History Core 100, Goal 12100, Goal 12

The United States since the Vietnam War The United States since the Vietnam War (1973-present)(1973-present)

The learner will identify and analyze trends The learner will identify and analyze trends in domestic and foreign affairs of the United in domestic and foreign affairs of the United

States during this time period. States during this time period.

1979, Jimmy Carter’s presidency1979, Jimmy Carter’s presidency Treaty signed between Egypt (Anwar Treaty signed between Egypt (Anwar

Saddat) and Israel (Menachem Saddat) and Israel (Menachem Begin) (these two nations had been Begin) (these two nations had been enemies for decades)enemies for decades)

First step to achieving peace in the First step to achieving peace in the Middle EastMiddle East

U.S. is strong supporter of IsraelU.S. is strong supporter of Israel

Yom Kippur WarYom Kippur War Lebanon: Peace keeping forceLebanon: Peace keeping force

U.S. Marine barracks attacked by U.S. Marine barracks attacked by terroriststerrorists

Saddam HusseinSaddam Hussein Persian Gulf WarPersian Gulf War OILOIL U.S. supports Israel – unpopular w/ U.S. supports Israel – unpopular w/

Arab countriesArab countries

Mikhail GorbachevMikhail Gorbachev Fall of the Berlin WallFall of the Berlin Wall Arms RaceArms Race

SDI: Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars) SDI: Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars) Iron Curtain fallsIron Curtain falls U.S. left as sole superpowerU.S. left as sole superpower New World Order: world is less stable New World Order: world is less stable

since the Cold Warsince the Cold War Cold War over??Cold War over??

November 1979, revolutionaries led by November 1979, revolutionaries led by Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran stormed the Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran stormed the American embassy and took 52 Americans American embassy and took 52 Americans hostage due to U.S. support of Shahhostage due to U.S. support of Shah

Carter’s administration tried unsuccessfully Carter’s administration tried unsuccessfully to negotiate for the hostages’ releaseto negotiate for the hostages’ release

April 1980, rescue mission fails to get April 1980, rescue mission fails to get hostageshostages

January 20, 1981, the day Carter left office, January 20, 1981, the day Carter left office, Iran released the Americans (444 days in Iran released the Americans (444 days in captivity)captivity)

Prohibitied federally funded schools Prohibitied federally funded schools from discriminating against women from discriminating against women in nearly all aspects of its operationsin nearly all aspects of its operations

Admissions to AthleticsAdmissions to Athletics Female sports programs and Female sports programs and

participation increaseparticipation increase

Supply-side economics:Supply-side economics: believe that believe that high taxes took too much money high taxes took too much money away from investors; if taxes were away from investors; if taxes were cut, businesses and investors could cut, businesses and investors could use their extra capital to make new use their extra capital to make new investmentsinvestments

Trickle-down economicsTrickle-down economics Critics believed that Reagan’s policy Critics believed that Reagan’s policy

would only help the wealthywould only help the wealthy

Reagan Doctrine:Reagan Doctrine: wants to defeat wants to defeat Communism; not contain it – “evil” Communism; not contain it – “evil” empireempire Star Wars, SDI, Aids guerilla groups in Star Wars, SDI, Aids guerilla groups in

fighting against leftist gov’tsfighting against leftist gov’ts Granada Granada

Iran Contra Affair:Iran Contra Affair: secretly sells weapons secretly sells weapons to Iran and sends money to contras in to Iran and sends money to contras in Nicaragua Nicaragua

INF TreatyINF Treaty: Reduces nuclear weapons: Reduces nuclear weapons

1980s and 1990s Domestic 1980s and 1990s Domestic ConcernsConcerns

Foreign DebtForeign Debt AIDSAIDS Gay Rights MovementGay Rights Movement Graying of AmericaGraying of America: baby boomers : baby boomers

reaching retirementreaching retirement War on DrugsWar on Drugs No Child Left BehindNo Child Left Behind Illegal immigrantsIllegal immigrants Space Industry Set-backs:Space Industry Set-backs:

Challenger Explodes (1986)Challenger Explodes (1986) Columbia ExplodesColumbia Explodes

1980s and 1990s World 1980s and 1990s World EventsEvents

Tiananmen Square (China)Tiananmen Square (China) Saddam Hussein (Iraq)Saddam Hussein (Iraq) Nelson Mandela (South Africa)Nelson Mandela (South Africa) Famine (Somalia and Ethiopia) Famine (Somalia and Ethiopia) Bosnian ConflictBosnian Conflict

1994, Bill Clinton1994, Bill Clinton North American Free Trade AgreementNorth American Free Trade Agreement Joined Canada, United States, and Joined Canada, United States, and

Mexico in a free-trade zoneMexico in a free-trade zone Exports of American goods to Canada Exports of American goods to Canada

and Mexico rose dramaticallyand Mexico rose dramatically Export of manufacturing jobs Export of manufacturing jobs

(outsourcing)(outsourcing) ““Globalization”Globalization”

19791979 Accident at a Accident at a

Nuclear Power Nuclear Power Plant in Plant in PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

Fear of falloutFear of fallout Limits nuclear Limits nuclear

energyenergy

Sept. 11, 2001Sept. 11, 2001 Terrorists attacked the Terrorists attacked the

World Trade Center and World Trade Center and the Pentagonthe Pentagon

Killed 3,000 AmericansKilled 3,000 Americans Al Qaeda Al Qaeda Osama bin LadenOsama bin Laden Department of Department of

Homeland SecurityHomeland Security Patriot Act: security vs. Patriot Act: security vs.

libertyliberty Airport SecurityAirport Security

Post 9/11 Foreign PolicyPost 9/11 Foreign Policy

Bush Doctrine:Bush Doctrine: preemptive war preemptive war Axis of Evil: Iraq, Iran, and North KoreaAxis of Evil: Iraq, Iran, and North Korea

Afghanistan:Afghanistan: overthrow Taliban; overthrow Taliban; base for Al Qaeda base for Al Qaeda

War on IraqWar on Iraq: weapons of mass : weapons of mass destruction - nonedestruction - none

Enforced through executive orders and Enforced through executive orders and federal policiesfederal policies

Called for companies, schools, and Called for companies, schools, and institutions doing business with the institutions doing business with the federal government to recruit African federal government to recruit African Americans with the hope that this Americans with the hope that this would lead to improved social and would lead to improved social and economic statuseconomic status

Later expanded to include other Later expanded to include other minority groups and womenminority groups and women

Controversial – reverse discriminationControversial – reverse discrimination

1970’s Economy1970’s Economy

StagflationStagflation WIN: Whip Inflation Now (Ford’s WIN: Whip Inflation Now (Ford’s

program)program) OPEC – oil embargo for nations OPEC – oil embargo for nations

supporting Israel (1973)supporting Israel (1973) Energy Crisis – Carter encouraged Energy Crisis – Carter encouraged

voluntary conservation voluntary conservation

Court CasesCourt CasesRegents v. BakkeRegents v. Bakke:: Reverse discrimination is Reverse discrimination is unconstitutional unconstitutional Quotas not permitted Quotas not permitted Upheld affirmative actionUpheld affirmative action

Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg SchoolsSwann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg Schools:: busing is legalbusing is legal

Texas v. JohnsonTexas v. Johnson::Can burn America flagCan burn America flagProtected under 1Protected under 1stst Amendment Amendment

Minorities in AmericaMinorities in America

Bilingual Education:Bilingual Education: controversial controversial English Only MovementEnglish Only Movement

Green CardGreen Card Immigration Policy Act: # of immigrants Immigration Policy Act: # of immigrants

limitedlimited Increase in Hispanic immigration in the Increase in Hispanic immigration in the

U.S. (Hispanics are #1 minority now)U.S. (Hispanics are #1 minority now) Increase in legal and illegal immigrationIncrease in legal and illegal immigration

TechnologyTechnology

Computer RevolutionComputer Revolution InternetInternet Bill GatesBill Gates Silicon ValleySilicon Valley .Com bubble and bust.Com bubble and bust

Political PersonalitiesPolitical Personalities1980s - Today1980s - Today

Ross PerotRoss Perot Bill ClintonBill Clinton Al GoreAl Gore Newt GingrichNewt Gingrich Joe Lieberman Joe Lieberman John McCain John McCain Colin Powell Colin Powell Barack Obama Barack Obama