US HISTORYUS HISTORY

NATIVE AMERICANS AND EARLY NATIVE AMERICANS AND EARLY EUROPEAN EXPLORATIONEUROPEAN EXPLORATION

A. In the very beginningA. In the very beginning

B. Geography influences B. Geography influences cultureculture

PICTURE A

PICTURE B

PICTURE C

PICTURE D

PICTURE E

Incas—Peru, Aztecs—Mexico, Incas—Peru, Aztecs—Mexico, Mayas—Central AmericaMayas—Central America

C. Reasons for C. Reasons for European ExplorationEuropean Exploration

in the 15in the 15thth and 16 and 16thth centuries centuries

RenaissanceRenaissance

Humanistic revival of Humanistic revival of classical art, classical art, architecture, architecture, literature, and literature, and learning learning

Encouraged people to Encouraged people to learn more about the learn more about the worldworld

Rise of nation-statesRise of nation-states

EnglandEngland FranceFrance PortugalPortugal SpainSpain Competition for Competition for

new territory, new territory, power, glory, power, glory, wealthwealth

Desire to find better (cheaper) Desire to find better (cheaper) trade routestrade routes

D. New technology that D. New technology that aided distant explorationaided distant exploration

Printing PressPrinting Press

Informed people about travels that Informed people about travels that had already taken placehad already taken place

People read about Marco Polo’s travels to People read about Marco Polo’s travels to China and other parts of AsiaChina and other parts of Asia

CaravelCaravel

Astrolabe and compassAstrolabe and compass

E. Christopher E. Christopher ColumbusColumbus

Vikings from Scandinavia came to the New World first, but Vikings from Scandinavia came to the New World first, but did not establish permanent settlements because no strong did not establish permanent settlements because no strong

nation-state backed them financiallynation-state backed them financially

F. The Columbian F. The Columbian ExchangeExchange

Columbian Exchange—some Columbian Exchange—some things that arrived in Europethings that arrived in Europe

TomatoTomato Potato Potato TurkeysTurkeys TobaccoTobacco ChocolateChocolate CornCorn PeanutsPeanuts SyphilisSyphilis

Columbian Exchange—some Columbian Exchange—some things that arrived in America things that arrived in America

CowCow HorseHorse PigPig ChickenChicken RiceRice CoffeeCoffee SugarcaneSugarcane SmallpoxSmallpox

Some positive effects of Some positive effects of the Columbian Exchangethe Columbian Exchange

Natives got new tools, Natives got new tools, animals and trade animals and trade goods; for example—goods; for example—horses could now be horses could now be used to hunt buffalo used to hunt buffalo on the Great Plains on the Great Plains (could also be viewed (could also be viewed as a bad thing)as a bad thing)

Europeans got lots of Europeans got lots of great food sources great food sources that would help make that would help make the population growthe population grow

Some negative effects of Some negative effects of the Columbian Exchangethe Columbian Exchange

Some bad things Some bad things spread, too, such spread, too, such as diseases; about as diseases; about 90% of the Native 90% of the Native population got population got wiped out as a wiped out as a resultresult

Paved the way for Paved the way for conquistadors and conquistadors and the growth of the growth of slaveryslavery

Discoverers and conquistadorsDiscoverers and conquistadorswho came after Columbuswho came after Columbus

BalboaBalboa—was the —was the first European to see first European to see the Pacific Oceanthe Pacific Ocean

MagellanMagellan—his men —his men circumnavigated the circumnavigated the globe (went around globe (went around the Earth)the Earth)

And they kept coming….And they kept coming….

Ponce de LeonPonce de Leon——explored Florida explored Florida searching for gold searching for gold (and the Fountain (and the Fountain of Youth)of Youth)

And coming….And coming….

CoronadoCoronado—saw —saw the Grand Canyonthe Grand Canyon

De SotoDe Soto—saw the —saw the Mississippi RiverMississippi River

Some conquered great civilizationsSome conquered great civilizations

PizarroPizarro—conquered —conquered the Incasthe Incas

CortezCortez—conquered —conquered the Aztecs; the Aztecs;

the Aztec capital of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan is now Tenochtitlan is now Mexico City; Mexico City;

their leader was their leader was Montezuma Montezuma (Moctezuma)(Moctezuma)

Three G’s of Three G’s of the Conquistadorsthe Conquistadors

GOLDGOLD GOD GOD GLORYGLORY