U.S. Space-based PNT Policy and Modernization of GPS · 10-11-2008 · U.S. Space-based PNT Policy and Modernization of GPS 4th Satellite Positioning Research and Application Center

U.S. Space-based PNT Policyand

Modernization of GPS

4th Satellite Positioning Research and Application Center Forum

Tokyo, Japan

November 10, 2008

Hank Skalski

Liaison to Air Force Space Command

U.S. Department of Transportation 1

4th SPAC Forum – Nov 10, 2008, Tokyo

Overview

• U.S. Space-based PNT Policy

• GPS Constellation Status

• Modernization of GPS

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U.S. Space-Based PNT Policy

GOAL: Ensure the U.S. maintains space-based PNT services, augmentation, back-up, and service denial capabilities that…

ASSURE SERVICE Provide uninterrupted availability of PNT services

MEET DEMANDSMeet growing national, homeland, economic security, and civil requirements, and scientific and commercial demands

LEAD MILITARILY Remain the pre-eminent military space-based PNT service

STAY COMPETITIVEContinue to provide civil services that exceed or are competitive with foreign civil space-based PNT services and augmentation systems

INTEGRATE GLOBALLYRemain essential components of internationally accepted PNT services

LEAD TECHNICALLYPromote U.S. technological leadership in applications involving space-based PNT services

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• No direct user fees for civil GPS services

• Open public signal structures for all civil services

– Promotes equal access for user equipment manufacture, applications development and value-added services

– Facilitates open market-driven competition

• Encourage use of GPS time, geodesy and signal standards

• Promote global compatibility and interoperability of future systems with GPS

• Protect the current radionavigation spectrum from disruption and interference

• Recognition of national and international security issues and protect against misuse

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• Recognizes the changing international scene

– Other nations are implementing space-based systems that provide PNT services

• Established National Executive Committee (EXCOM) for Space-Based PNT

– Chaired by Deputy Secretaries of Defense & Transportation

– Broad membership to include civil and military interests

– Supported by National Coordination Office with staff from member agencies

• Very active senior U.S. Government leadership

– National EXCOM Meetings: Nov 07, Mar 08, Jul 08, Nov 08

• Executive Steering Group Meetings: Oct 07, Jan 08, Jun 08, Oct 08

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WHITE HOUSE

ADVISORY BOARD

Sponsor: NASA

NATIONALEXECUTIVE COMMITTEEFOR SPACE-BASED PNT

Executive Steering Group

Co-Chairs: Defense, Transportation

NATIONAL COORDINATION OFFICE

Host: Commerce

GPS International Working Group

Chair: State

Engineering Forum

Co-Chairs: Defense, Transportation

Ad HocWorking Groups

Defense

Transportation

State

Interior

Agriculture

Commerce

Homeland Security

Joint Chiefs of Staff

NASA

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National Space-Based PNTOrganizational Structure


Key Executive Committee Activities

• Program Coordination

– Five-Year National Plan

– National PNT Architecture

– GPS Modernization

– Civil GPS Funding

– Nationwide Differential GPS

– Enhanced LORAN

– Distress Alerting Satellite

System

• International Cooperation

– Bilateral

– Multilateral

• Spectrum Management

– Interference Detection and

Mitigation Plan

– Spectrum Protection Plan

• Outreach

– Publications, websites

– Educational exhibit

– Conferences, workshops,

other venues

– Coordination of U.S.

message

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Accomplishments in Past Year

• Implemented GPS Architecture Evolution Plan

– Switched to entirely new ground control segment

– Activated fully-capable backup control station

• Launched three GPS II-R(M) satellites

• Announced GPS III without Selective Availability

• Awarded GPS IIIA contract

• Awarded contracts for Next Generation Operational

Control Segment

• Held GPS III Requirements summit

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• Renewed offer to ICAO on GPS/SPS, adding WAAS

• Added members to EXCOM: Interior and Agriculture

• Released public fact sheet on Interference Detection and Mitigation

• Decided to continue inland component of Nationwide Differential GPS

• Established Maritime Information Operations Center

• Renewed offer to IMO on GPS/SPS

• Organized GNSS Technological Innovation Summit through Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

• Held GPS-Galileo trade discussions with Europe

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• Published final semi-codeless GPS transition plan

• Approved National PNT Architecture Guidance Memorandum

• Published 4th Edition GPS SPS Performance Standard

• Published 1st WAAS Performance Standard

• Held 1st U.S.-EC plenary meeting under GPS-Galileo Agreement

• Completed agreements with Japan to establish QZSS monitoring stations in Hawaii and Guam

• Held sixth plenary meeting with Japan [for CGSIC only:]


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Overview




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GPS Constellation Status

• 13 Block IIA

• 12 Block IIR

• 6 Block IIR-M

– Transmitting new second civil signal

• Continuously assessing constellation health to determine launch need

– 2 Block IIR-M’s remaining

• Global GPS civil service performance commitment met continuously since December 1993

31 Operational Satellites(Baseline Constellation: 24)

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2000 ORD

• Signal-In-Space (SIS) User Range Error (URE)

• One-year RMS as of June 08: 0.92 meters

• Zero Age-Of-Data (AOD) URE

• One-year RMS as of June 08: 0.22 meters

URE

Current GPS Accuracy

System accuracy far exceeds published standard

Signal-in-Space User Range Error (SIS URE) the difference between a GPS satellite’s navigation data (position and clock) and the truth, projected on the line-of-sight to the user

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• GPS IIR(M): 3 Successful launches since Oct 07

• GPS IIF: Completed all functional and performance

tests; Currently in vacuum test

• GPS IIIA: Awarded to Lockheed Martin Space Systems

Company (Newton, PA), May 08

• Operational Control Segment (OCS)

– Architecture Evolution Plan (AEP)/Launch & Early Orbit, Anomaly Resolution & Disposal Operations (LADO) switch over – Sep 07

– Alternate Master Control Station fully functional

• Next Generation Operational Control Segment (OCX)

– Needed for Block III satellites & full functionality of modernized signals

– Awarded Phase A contracts to Northrop Grumman & Raytheon, Nov 07

Recent Accomplishments

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Overview




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Block IIA/IIR Block IIIBlock IIR-M, IIF• Backward compatibility

• 4th civil signal (L1C)

• Increased accuracy

• Increased anti-jam power

• Assured availability

• Navigation surety

• Controlled integrity

• Increased security

• System survivability

IIR-M: IIA/IIR capabilities plus

• 2nd civil signal (L2C)

•M-Code (L1M & L2M)

IIF: IIR-M capability plus

• 3rd civil signal (L5)

• Anti-jam flex power

Basic GPS

• Standard Service

– Single frequency (L1)

– Coarse acquisition (C/A) code navigation

• Precise Service

– Y-Code (L1Y & L2Y)

– Y-Code navigation

Increasing System Capabilities with Increasing Defense / Civil Benefit

GPS Modernization Program

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GPS Modernization – New Civil Signals

• Second civil signal “L2C”

– Designed to meet commercial and scientific needs

– Higher accuracy through ionospheric correction

– Available since 2005 without data message

– Phased roll-out of CNAV message starting in 2009

– Full capability: 24 satellites ~2016

• Third civil signal “L5”

– Designed to meet demanding requirements for transportation safety-of-life

– Uses highly protected Aeronautical Radio Navigation Service (ARNS) band

– 1st launch: 2009; 24 satellites ~2018

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Fourth Civil Signal (L1C)

• Designed with international partners for interoperability

• Modernized civil signal at L1 frequency

– More robust navigation across a broad range of user applications

– Improved performance in challenged tracking environments

– Original signal retained for backward compatibility

• Specification developed in cooperation with industry, recently completed

• Launches with GPS III in 2014

• On 24 satellites by ~2021

Under trees

Urban Canyons

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Summary

GPS is a Critical Component of the

Global Information InfrastructureSatellite

Operations

Power Grids

Personal Navigation

Communications

Fishing & Boating

Oil Exploration

Trucking

Surveying &Mapping

Precision AgricultureDisease Control

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Aviation

Shipping

Rail Control

http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/natural_resources/article3037384.ece

http://www.airplane-pictures.net/image2692.html


Summary

• U.S. policy encourages worldwide use of civil GPS and augmentations

• GPS performance is better than ever and will continue to improve

– New civil GPS signal available now

– Many additional upgrades scheduled

– Augmentations, such as QZSS, enable even higher performance

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Contact Information

Hank Skalski

DOT Liaison to Air Force Space Command

U.S. Department of Transportation

150 Vandenberg St., Suite 1105

Peterson AFB, Colorado 80914

+1.719.554.2570 (office)‏+1.719.554.6719 (fax)‏

[email protected]

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Documents

U.S. Space-based PNT Policy and Modernization of GPS · 10-11-2008 · U.S. Space-based PNT Policy and Modernization of GPS 4th Satellite Positioning Research and Application Center