US-U5-L4

SSUSH13a-d

• a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry.

• b. Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements.

• c. Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP.

• d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker.

The Jungle• The Jungle is a novel written by Upton Sinclair in 1906

about the dangers of the meatpacking industry through an immigrant family’s fictional story.

• Sinclair’s intention was not to expose the meatpacking industry, but to expose the poverty, lack of social programs, corruption of those in power and poor working conditions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h2ppaJwQ9UM&feature=related

Impact of The Jungle

• The meatpacking industry’s unsanitary conditions were exposed and Congress was forced to pass laws to regulate the meatpacking industry so that food was safe to consume.

• Federal Laws– Meat Inspection Act was passed– Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906– From those two programs came the Food and Drug

Administration in 1930 that is still in effect today.

Hull House• Jane Addams brought the

idea of settlement houses to the US from Britain.

• The Hull House was located in Chicago and was established to teach recently immigrated peoples to cook, clean, administer basic first aid, speak the English language, and know their legal rights, etc.

• This brought about other social service work where women played key roles.

http://www.facebook.com/video/video.php?v=100787449933449

Women and Reform Movements

• Women were major contributors to many reform movements including:– Child labor – Women’s suffrage (right to vote)– Education– Prohibition/temperance

Jim Crow• Jim Crow Laws-named after a fictional character in a song• Called for the grandfather clause, poll taxes, residency

requirements, and literacy tests for voting rights for African Americans, Mexican Americans and some whites until about 1910.

• The grandfather clause in this instance refers to if a person’s grandfather could vote before the Civil War then the person trying to vote would be allowed to vote as well, if not they were not “grandfathered in”.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChWXyeUTKg8

Plessy v. Ferguson• Homer Plessy was a free person

that was 7/8th white and 1/8th black. He tried to board a whites only railroad car in Louisiana, but according to state law he was black, therefore this action was illegal.

• He refused to move to the colored car and was subsequently arrested.

• The case went all the way to the Supreme Court.

• The phrase that is attached to this ruling is “Separate but Equal” and it applied to most areas of society, i.e. schools, restaurants, water fountains, etc.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWPZl8vokTo

NAACP

• A group that formed in response to the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling was National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), by about 60 people including W.E.B. DuBois.

• The NAACP wanted full civil rights for African Americans (equal pay, total voting rights without prejudice, etc.)

• This group is still around today and will still support civil rights cases.

Ida Tarbell

• Ida Tarbell wrote articles for a magazine exposing big business corruption of the Standard Oil Company as well as political corruption in New York and Chicago.

• Her findings helped to cause the government to interfere and break up the Standard Oil Company.

• Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair are both muckrakers because they stir up drama that later causes political or social change.

Closing

• What was the impact of The Jungle?• What were 3 reform movements that

women played a prominent role in?• What was Homer Plessy chosen to

represent the African Americans on a white railcar?

• What was the name that was given to journalists like Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell?