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8/3/2019 USAFA Discovery, Research Activity in Support of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) at the Aeronautics Research Cent…
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Approved for PublicReleaseDistribution Unlimited
#2000-03 (Jul-Sep 00)
USAFA Discovery is published quarterly by the faculty of the US Air Force Academy (U SAFA ). It contains reports on USAFA cad et and
faculty research, a comp lete list of current USAFA research points of contact, and a sum mary of recent awards and publications. All written
material contained within reflects the opinions of the authors and editors and does not necessarily reflect current US Air Force or USAFA
~ o l i c v .
Research Activity in Support of UnmannedgerialVehichs
(UJ2/) at the Aeronautics Research Center
T h e future of air warfare is undergoing a
fundamental transformation with the move toward theincreased use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV's).
UAV's are capable of performing a number of missions
in high-threat environments while minimizing the risk of
human life. An example of an important mission
particularly well suited for a UAV is the provision ofinformation superiority for in-theater commanders.
Information superiority is defined in Joint Vision 2010,the official vision statement of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,
as
"the ability to collect, process, and disseminate an
unintempted flow of information while denying theenemy's ability to do the same".
The USAF is currently operating the Predator, a
medium-altitude, medium-range, high-endurance (20
hours) UAV that was used in Kosovo to provide near-real-time reconnaissance, target acquisition, and battle-
damage assessment. The sensors allowed for effectiveoperation during the day and night and in bad weather
conditions.The USAF is currently developing the Global Hawk, a
high-altitude, aerial reconnaissance UAV. The GlobalHawk will have a maximum operating altitude of 65,000
feet and endurance of 24 hours. It will be able to provide
imagery with one-meter resolution over an area of 40,000square nautical miles, an area roughly the size of the state
of Illinois, in one day.
Tre da or long-enduranceWThe technical breakthroughs that support UAV design
and development have taken place in the areas ofunsteady aerodynamics, controls, aerospace materials,
sensors, secure communications, and microcomputers.Research currently underway in the Aeronautics Research
Center is adding to this important technology base.
In this issue:
Lead article: Research Activity in Support ofUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) at the AeronauticsResearch Center (pages I -3)
Department Research News (page 4-5)Publications and Presentations (pages 5-7)
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USAFA Discovew #2000-03 (Jul-Sep 00)
The USAF, NASA , and the Defense
Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DA RPA ) are jointly developing the
Boeing X-45, the first U.S. unmanned
combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) which
is set to fly in early 2001. The UCAV,
pictured below, features stealth
technology and will carry multiple,
advanced, precision-guided munitions
to be used in the suppression of enemy
air defenses.
The Predator drag-reduction studies
gave rise to questions about the
stability and control implications of
proposed modifications. Wind tunnel
tests performed by two USAFA cadets
indicated that the fixed and faired
landing gear would not cause Predator
any stability and control problems.
These stud ies prompted requests by the
UAV Battle Lab to study in FY 2001
the stability and control implications of
a variety of proposed external stores
for Predator.
Boeing 3j-4.50 %manned ?redo for 9 r a g 9educiio n
Cornba .5Z~rial e h i c l ~ W i n d T u n n ~ l o d e l
USAFA UAV Research
Advanced UAV DesignDrag Reduction Studies on Predator
UAV In November 1999, the U A V Battle
In 1998 a series of experimental
investigations to evaluate the drag-
reducing potential of several proposed
modifications to the Predator UAVwere conducted in support of the Air
Combat Command's UAV Battle Lab.
Wind tunnel stud ies conducted by three
cadet teams evaluated numerous gear
and fairing configurations and
determined that the configuration with
fixed and faired main gear and a
retracted nose gear gave the best
tradeoff of low drag, low maintenance,
and minimal obstruction of sensor
fields of view. This configuration had
only slightly m ore drag than the currentretracted-gear configuration, and
offered the important advantages of
reduced actuator monitoring and
maintenance costs, plus increased
internal fuselage volume available for
sensors or fuel. Th e success of these
studies prompted the UAV Battle Lab
to request further landing gear studies
in FY 2001. They also asked USAFA
to study shapes for drag-reducing
fairings for Predator's "skyball" optical
Lab asked the Department of
Aeronautics aircraft design classes to
design, build, and fly two small UAV's
suitable for use by soldiers in the field.
These small aircraft were required to
fit, when folded into a compact
configuration, into a standard
infantryman's backpack, and to be light
enough to be carried by an average
soldier in addition to their normal field
gear and supplies. Both aircraft were
required to be deployed in total
darkness in field conditions and to
operate in near silenc e for 30 minutes.
I W O u~rfe rcnt payloads were
specified, so that thc Battle Lab could
know how payload size and wcight
influences aircraft size. The first
payload was a tiny 1-ouncc visual
spectrum video camera and associated
downlink transmitter. Thc aircraft
designed to carry this payload was the"Pecping Tom" as shown below ccnter
The second payload was a 2-pound
infrared video camera and data
downlink, thc smallest IR video system
available at the tirnc. The aircraft
designed to carry this system was
called " M,O.T.H.R.AW for Mobile
Over-The-Hill Rcconnaissancc
Aircraft. The figurc below shows an
artist's conccpt of MOTHRA flyingover the USAF Academy.
%rfiCrf'sConcepf of
% O m ackpack
Whereas the Pecping Tom was
relatively small, spanning only 28
inches and weighing less than 2
pounds, MOTHRA was significantly
larger, with a 5-foot wingspan and
weighing 5 pounds. Both aircraft were
electric powercd and were constructed
of carbon fibcr-epoxy skins over
styrene foam cores. At this writing, thcPecping Tom has flown only once and
MOTHRA has not flown at all. Flight
tests of both aircraft will bc performed
as part of Spring 2001 design coursc
requirements.
Unsteady Aerodynaniics of Rapidly
Pitching UCA V
This project investigates thc
characteristics and potential benefitssensor turret. "C;u,cying%rn" Backpack
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USAFA Discovew #2000-03 (Jul-Sep (
achieved through control of thedynamic lift generated during a rapidpitch-up maneuver of a generic
unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV)
configuration pictured on the following
page.
By precisely controlling themaneuver, it is possible to avoiddynamic stall and to produce, for ashort duration, lift coefficients higherthan the static stall lift coefficient.This increased lift can be exploited forincreased aircraft maneuverability thatcan lead to increased lethality andsurvivability. Because UC AV's are
unmanned, they are particularly well
suited to such increases inmaneuverability since they can sustain
high "g" loads without human factorconcerns.
Experimental investigations arefocused on understanding the dynamiclift due to unsteady symmetric pitchmotions and the performance benefitsgained from these maneuvers. Theprogram will eventually transitionthese wind tunnel exp eriments to flighttests. There are significant changes invelocity during unsteady maneuversthat cannot be duplicated correctly in awind tunnel, so flight-testing becomesimportant. Furthermore, flight testseliminate wind tunnel effects due towalls and blockage caused by themodel. In addition, the aircraft centerof rotation can change duringmaneuver, leading to changes in pitch-induced camber and aircraftperformance. To date the dynamicpitch mechanism has been constructedand successfully tested in the LowSpeed Wind Tunnel, allowing forceand moment measurements of the
UCAV model under dynamicconditions. This effort will takeadvantage of a separate UAVBattlelab-Aeronautics Research Centerprogram to develop a flight control andtelemetry system for in-flightexperiments.
Computational investigations of theUCAV are also being performed tocomplement the experim ental invest-
. . t
I I '
: . 1:.' ;<, f, ; . .
. . .'>:, . . .
. . : -3 Dynamic Lift Research, : .. , j
Unpiloted Combat Air. 1 : . , Vehicle Mach 0.9
igation of the dynamic lift phenomena.Computational predictions provide a
view of the important threedimensional flowfield events that are
taking place. The fluid motion over theUCAV can be "seen" thereby allowingdetailed analysis of the underlying flowphys ics. It is the combination ofexperiment, computational simulation,and flight test that make this a uniqueprogram.
Flight Control Laws and Flying TestBed
Currently an analytical andcomputational investigation of the
flight control laws that is particularlywell suited for small, highlymaneuverable UAV's is underway.This project will include thedevelopmen t of a hardware-in-the-loopUAV simulator that will allow a"virtual" flight test using newlydeveloped flight control algorithms andhardw are. Finally, a radio-controlledaircraft that will serve as a "flyingwind tunnel" UAV test bed will bedeveloped to support the testing of new
flow control devices such as rapidlypitching control surfaces and pulsed jetactuators. The on-board flight contro lsystem will provide telemetry so that aground station will be able to monitorthe influence of the flow controldevices on aircraft performance.
Summary
A wide range of research activity i
currently being conducted in th
Aeronautics Research Center in suppo
of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Th
research is supporting both existin
systems such as the Predator and newsystems that are being considered fofuture air warfare roles such as th
"backpack UAV's." In addition tapplied research, the AeronauticResearch Center is also conducting basiresearch on the unsteady aerodynamiphenomena associated with rapidlpitching UA V's. Finally , investigationthat involve wind tunnel experiment
flight testing, and computationpredictions will be used to evaluate new
flow control devices to increase thmaneuve rability of future UAV systemAll of this work is adding to thtechnology base supporting UA V's whilproviding cadets and faculty witmeaningful research experience anopportunities for professionadevelopment.
For more information, contact:
Dr. Aaron ByerleyHQ USAFAIDFAN
2354 Fairchild DriveUSAF Academy CO 80840Aaron.Byerlev@,usafa.af.mil(719) 333-3436
FOR AM ERICAN AND
COM PARAT IVE DEFENSE
STUDIES
On 30 August 200 0, the Dean of
the Faculty formally approved theestablishment of the Posvar Center.The Center's m ission is:
To develop, sustain, and enhance
Am erica's future Air Force leaders'
understanding and appreciation of
American and comparative defense
and national security policy through
education and research.
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USAFA Discovery #2000-03 (Jul-Sep 00) 4
Deparfment Research News
Posvar Chair in Political Science.The Center's goal is to be a part
of the mainstream of the Air Force
AFRL-WPAFB, was procured and
transported to USAFA by Dr. Mike
Wilcox and Lt Col Pat Bradshaw, DFB.To meet strict environmental constraints,
a specially-designed room (GP133) was
constructed by 10 ABW CE throughsupport by both AFOSR and Brig Gen
Wag ie. With maintenance funding
provided by DF, the microscope was
Academ y's cadet and academic life. : brought on-line after a two-year effort.
This will be accomplished through 'CICOm nr %u& using d7EW
Center-sponsored lectures,
conferences, independent studies
and summer research projects, as
well as interaction with otherUSAFA Centers.
Immediate goals for the Center
include the hiring of a recognizedexpert and scholar in the field of
American and comparative defense
studies to fill the Posvar Chair. TheCenter also is working on co-
sponsoring, with the Central
Intelligence Agency, a conferenceon "Intelligence: Policy and Process
in the New Century" tentatively
scheduled for Fall 2001 . If youwould like more information on the
Posvar Center, feel free to contactLt Col Brenda Vallance in DFPS .
D e ~ a r t m e n tf Biology
Scanning Electron Microscopy nowavailable at USAFA
LtCol Edward T. Unangst, Jr. andDr. Michael Wilcox
On 8 September 2000, Col Klayton,
USAFA Vice-Dean, dedicated the new
USAFA scanning electron microscope
in ribbon cutting ceremonies held in
the Department of Biology.
A JEOL 2000FX Scanning1Transmission Electron Microscope
(STEM), retired by the Materials Lab
Wagn$cufion of aflyS b rain fa k ~ n
wi fb fhe ~canning/C/ransmission
E/eciron Wicros cope (dT6W)
The resolution limit for thisinstrument is the width of a single
carbon atom, 2.3 A. An Angstrom (A)is 10.'' meter s, which equates to one
ten billionth of a meter! With thisdevice, one can see individual atoms.However, the real strength of the
instrument is in its analytical capability.
The device is now operational and
being used for within-institution
projects. Cadets and faculty arecurrently imaging the smallest of
objects, individual atoms, and viewingthe world through 200,000 Volts.
Ideally, the microscope will beavailable as government-furnished
equipment for faculty and cadets to
accomplish DoD-related research.
Examples of current and potential use
of the instrument include glaucoma
research by Dr. Wilcox and C1C Omar
Kadri, laser damage assessment by Dr.
John Obringer and C2C Jared Paslay,
and biomimetics modeling of the ey
by Dr. Wilcox and Cl C Tim
Lamabie. The Department oBiology invites all prospective
researchers and faculty members to
come view the newest USAFAtechnology. Only the researche
limits its potential applications.
3 4 t h E d u c a ti o n G r o u p
During Summer 2000, the 34th
Education Group sponsored two
cadets for summer research. C1 CJanene L. Drummer spent six week
at the Air Mobility CommandHeadquarters Historian's Office
located at Scott AFB Illinois. Sh
was assigned and completed he
research project, which was to create
a chronological history of the C-9Aaeromedical evacuation aircraft -part of a series of chronologies on
aircraft in the AM C inventory. Shealso had the opportunity to ride an F-
15 , a C-9A, and a KC-135. C1CChristopher G. Seaman was assigned
to the Air Force Doctrine Center aMaxwell AFB Alabama and
participated in the development othe new "Aerospace Commander's
Handbook ." Both had exceptionaresearch and Air Force experiences
to help prepare them for their officecareers.
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L
USAFA Discov ew #2000-03 (Jul-Sep 00)
D e p a r t m e n t of Mathemat ica lNotably, his wave equation, the
SciencesPublications and
solutions to which prompted Dirac'sdiscovery of a new particle - the
Presentations
Ms. Deborah Arangno, has recently
accomplished research worthy of note.The research proposed a new paradigmfor universe dynamics based onentropy and Dirac's radical particle
theory. The theory proposedcontradicts the current conventionalthinking that the universe is expanding
at an increasing rate by offering theidea of transpired-event phenomenonwhere time itself is accelerating.
Under this theory, the universe
would be expanding at a rate that is
getting slower and would eventuallyreach an equilibrium state. Theresearch combines cosmology, physics,
and mathematics with philosophy andtheology demonstrating interestingcross-disciplinary ties. Its abstract isincluded below.
positive electron, or "positron" -involved the relativistic Hamiltonian,
which is essential to o ur form ulation ofentropy, which the author calls the"intrinsic factor". This paper discussesthe dynam ics of the Universe, from thegeneration of the first particle pair assuggested by Dirac, to the implication
of the negative energy space, known as
the "Dirac Sea", to the app lica tion ofthe laws governing energy-matter
duality, and Peano's space-Jilling curveas a model for the propagation ofmatter through the void, all within thecontext of entropy, and the principle oftime-space coupling.
The scientific community iscurrently misinterpreting astronomical
data to conclude the Universe isexpanding at a faster rate. Althoughinitially misled by these empirical
34th Education Group
Publications:
SMITH, J. M. "AerospaceProfessionalism Across the
Academy: Focusing on USAFA's
Fou r Products." USAFA Edu cator,Fall 2000.
SMITH, J. M . ed. Search ing for
National Security in an NBC World.
INSS Book Series, July 2000.
SMITH, J. M. "War Powers, PeacePowers: Presidential Prerogative andMilitary Operations Other ThanWar." National Security StudiesQuarterly, Summ er 2000.
Presentations
observations, cosmologists willeventually realize that m easurements - SCHMIDT , M. D. "Iris Closure for
correctly interpreted so as to account LCD Video Projectors."
for what the author refers to as the International Planetarium S ociety,
transpired-event phenomenon - Montreal Conferen ce, Summer 2000.
indicate that time itself is thatdimension, rather than space, which is
SMITH, J. M . "USAFA's
accelerating.Contribution to Aerospace
We c0nc1ude7 Leadership." Executiverelativistically, that the Universe is
Commissioning Comm ittee M eeting,expanding at a slower rate. The paper
9% 9e bo ra h %rangno discusses the dynam ics of this process Kirtland AFB, NM, 2 4 July 2000.
and proposes that a static state must beEntrow & A Of Universe
reached, what can be understood as anSMITH, J. M. "Developing
Dvnamics equilibrium that must occur (takingAerospace Strategists." USAF
into account the facts concerningSchool of Advanced Aerospace
Abstract for a Creationist's View ofrelativistic relation bemeen length Studies IPT, Washington DC, 18
Cosmologycontraction and time dilation). The
July 2000.
A robust theory pertaining to the
origins, dynamics, propagation, andb r e o f the U niver se is suggested.The radical particle theory, advanced
by P.A.M. Dirac in 1928, resulted inthe eventual discovery of certainparticles, and the evolution of
elementary particle physics.
paper also suggests why data may bemisconstrued to suggest the contrary.The general dynamics of the
gravitational processes subsequent toreaching the equilibrium event of theUniversal static state is described, and
its implications with respect to thefuture of the Cosmos.
Departmen t of Aeronautics
Publications:
GUY , Y., J. Morrow , and T.McLaughlin. "E xperimental Study ofa Delta Wing with Upper and LowerFlaps." 18th AIAA A ppliedAerodyn amics Conference, AIAA2000-4003, August 2000.
8/3/2019 USAFA Discovery, Research Activity in Support of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) at the Aeronautics Research Cent…
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USAFA Discover?, #2000-03 (Jul-Sep 00)
MITC HELL , T., D. Barberis, and P.Department of Chem istry
Molton. "Experimen tal Studies of Publications:Control Techniques for
Incompressible 3 -D Separation and YEAT ES, A., John S. Wilkes., andVortex Breakdown." AIAA Douglas S. Dudis. "Nonlinear
Conference Procedings, August Optical Properties of the Salts of2000. Diffuse Anions." Proc. 45th SPIE
Conference, August 2000.YEC HOU T, T., T. Nettleblad, and C.
Johnston. "X-38 'Mid-Rudde r' and Presentations:'Speedbreak' Evaluation." DFAN T R
00-03, September 2000.
YEC HOU T, T., C. Johnston, T.
Nettleblad, and R. Van Dy ken. "X-
38 Rudder Control and Speedbrake
Performance Analysis for a Mid-
Rudder Configuration." Dept ofAeronautics Report, September
2000.
GAMM ON, S., James F.Blankenship, Mathew J. Sandelier,
and Ronald C. Marks.
"Implementation and Features of a
New Internet Based Homework
System." Biennial Chemical
Education Conference, Ann Arbor,
MI, July 2000.
Department o f ElectricalPresentations:
Engineering
BYERLEY, A., R . Butler, K. Van
Treuren, and J. Baughn. "Th e EffectPublications:
of Turbulence ~ e n ~ t hcale on LPT
Blade Heat Transfer." Proc - MILLIGAN, M . "Implementing
Minnowbrook I11 - Boundary LayerCOTS Opesn Systems Technology
Transition, Blue Mountain L ake,on AWACS." CrossTalk: Journal of
NY, August 2000.Defense S oftware Engineering, 1319,
September 2000.
MCLAUG HLIN, T., S. Morton, J.
Morrow , and S. Siegel. "UnsteadyNEAL, P. and Linda G. Shapiro. "A
Symb olic Representation for 3-DComputational and Experime ntal
Investigation of an Unmann edObject Feature Detection."
Combat Air Vehicle ExperiencingInternational Conference on Pattern
Dynamic Lift." AFOSR ProgramRecognition, September 2000.
Review, Monterey, CA, September
2000.Department o f History
Department of Biology
Publications:
Publications
ABA DI, J. "The Quest for Foreign
Policy and National Security of
WUNDER, B. and E. Unangst. "UseQatar," und er review by Journal of
of EM-SCAN to Determine BodyMideast and South Asian Studies,
Composition in Previously FrozenOctober 2000.
Specimens." IN: Life in the Cold, G.
Heldnlaier & M. Klingenspor (eds),ABA DI, J. "Ethnicity and Religion
in Israeli Politics: The E mergenc e ofSpringer-Verlag Publishers.
the Shas Party." A ccepted as chapter
AB AD I, J. "Constraints and
Adjustments in Portugal's policy
toward Israel," accepted by
International History Review.
AB AD I, J. "Constraints and
Adjustments in Greece's Relationswith Israel," accepted by
Mediterranean Quarterly.
ABA DI, J. "Constraints and
Adjustments in Sweden's
Relations with Israel," accepted by
Middle Eastern Studies.
ABADI, J. "Constraints and
Adjustments in Libya's Relations
with Israel," accepted by Journal of
Conflict Studies.
AB AD I, J. "The Road to the
Israeli-Moroccan Rapproachment,"
accepted by Journal of NorthAfrican Studies.
ABA DI, J. "lsrael's Relations with
Azerbaijan and the Muslim States
of Central Asia," under review by
Central Asian Survey.
RUFFLEY, D.L. "Children ofSoviet Victory, Founders of
Russian Future: Young Soviet
Specialists and the Evolution of
Russian Society, 1965- 1982"
Doctoral Dissertation successfully
defended at Ohio State University,
August 2000; Ph.D. degree
awarded 3 1 Aug 2000
Conferences
Witzel, M.D., New Faculty Boot
Cam p, Leadville CO, July 2000
Department of Management
Presentat ions:
BA RKE R, J. "Writing Critical
Ethnography." A cademy of
Management Convention, Toronto,
ON, August 2000.in edited anthology.
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USAFA Discovery #2000 -03 (Jul-Sep (
HORNYAK, M . "Th e Affective Side
of Learning." Academy of
Management National Meeting,
August 2000.
Department of M athematicalSciences
Publications:
WAR NER, B. and J. Anderson.
"Trees, Nets, Matches and
Mushrooms." DFMS TR, 00-02, June
2000.
Presentations:
SCHO OFF, R. "Th e Considerationof Multiple Objectives in US
Engagement Strategies." Int'l Conf
on Systems Engr in Decision Making,
Charlottesville, VA, June 2 000.
Department of Physics
Publications:
HAALAND, R . and S. Dudley. "The
Poynting Vector and Power in a
Simple Circuit." Am. J. Ph ysics, Vol68, September 2000.
LE, G., W. Goedecke, C .T. Russell,
and F. Chun. "Magnetosphere on May
11, 1999, the Day the Solar W ind
Almost Disappeared." Geophysical
Research Letters, V ol 27 , No 14, July
2000.
PATTERSON, E. "Just-in-Time
Teaching (JiTT)." Project
Kaleidoscope Keystone Workshop,July 2000.
PATTERSON, E. and G. Novak.
"Chapter 2: JiTT and Physlets."
Physlets: Teaching with Interactive
Curricular Mat, August 2000.
TOM ME, E., D.A. Law, B.M.
Annaratone, and J.E. Allen.
"Parabolic Plasma Sheath Potentials
and their Implications for the C harge
on Levitated Dust Particles."
Physical Review Letters, Vol 85, No12, September 2000.
Presentations:
KRA USE, L. "C ontributions of
Undergraduate Student Space
Systems Design Courses to Progress
in Real-World Space Research:
Motivationg the Youth." AAPT
Summ er Meeting, Ontario, Canada,
August 2000.
KRAU SE, L. "Instruction of Three-
Dimensional Time-Varying Systems
with Non-Immersive Virtual
Reality." AAPT Summer Meeting,
Ontario, Canada, August 2000.
KRAUSE, L.,D. Knipp, B.K.
Dichter, and K.P. Ray. "The
Relationship Between DSC S I11 B-7
Surface Charging and Geomag netic
Activity Indices." IEEE 20 00
Nuclear and Space Rad Effects Conf,Reno, NV, July 2000.
KRAU SE, L., D. Knipp, B. Dichter,
and K. Ray . "Th e Relationship
Between DSCS I11 Sunlight Surface
Charging and Geomagnetic Activity
Indices." IEEE 2000 Nuclear and
Space Rad Effects Conf, Reno, NV,
July 2000.
PATTERSON, E. "Just-in-Time
Teaching (JiTT)." AAPT SummerMeeting 2000, Guelph, Ontario, CA ,
July 2000.
TAKEK OSHI, T., B. Patterson, and
R. Knize. "O ptical Trapping of
Ultracold Molecules." Am. C hem.
Society 200th N ational Meeting,
Washington, DC, August 2000.
Departm ent of Political
Science
Publications:
BOLT , P. China an d SoutheastAsia's Ethnic C hinese. September
2000.
GOSE, M. "Never at War."
Contemporary Security Policy, July
2000.
HA LL, G. "B e Careful What You
Ask For." International Studies
Perspec tives, 112, August 200 0.
HALL , G., S. Lambert, and J.Cappello. "US Counterproliferation
Strategy for a New Century."
Search ing for National S ecurity in an
NBC W orld, September 2000.
MU RRA Y, D. "Leading University-
Wide C hange: Defining New Roles
for the Dep artment Chair." The
Department Chair, 1111, August
2000.
PILC H, F. "Security and Refugees:
Dilemmas, Crises, and Debates."Refuge: Canad a's Periodical on
Refugees, 1911, August 2000.
Presentations:
CAR RES E, P. "Montesquieu and the
Spirit of Modernity." American
Political Scien ce Association,
Washington, D.C., September 2000.
COL ETT A, D. "A New Solution to
the Chain Store Paradox." AmericanPolitical Science A ssociation,Was hington, D.C., September 2000.
MOR RISON, J. "James Wilson,
Thom ism, and the Founding."
American Political Science
Association, Washington, D.C.,
September 2000.
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USAFA Research Points'-Of Contact
To learn more about research at the United States Air Force Academy, we encourage you to visit our Web site at www.usafa.af.milldfe. If you want to focus on a
particular department or effort you might want to contact the associated Department Research Director. Each phone extension is preceded by (719)-333
HQ USAFAIDFER
2354 FAIRCHILD DR., SUITE 4K25
USAF ACADEMY CO 80840-6200
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.....................................................OFFICIAL BUSINESS ONLY
Institute for National Security Studies
Institute for Information Technology Applications
Air Force Humanities Institute
ATTN: DTIC-OM1
8725 JOHN J KINGMAN RD STE 0944
FT BELVOUR VA 22060-62 18
Dr James M Sm~th
Lt Col Gary Warren
Lt Col Thomas Kr~ se
2717
3978
3930
Jarneism~th
Gaj warren
Thomas kr~se
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