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USFS-Forest Products Laboratory's Priority Research Areas for Cellulose Nanomaterials and Biocomposites
RBI-Executive Conference @GaTech
10-11 March, 2015
Robert J Moon Materials Research Engineer Forest Products Lab
Adjunct Prof., School of Materials Science & Engineering Member of Renewable Bioproducts Institute Adjunct Prof., School of Materials Engineering, Member of Birck Nanotechnology Center
USFS-Forest Products Laboratory's Priority Research Areas for Cellulose Nanomaterials and Biocomposites
RBI-Executive Conference @GaTech
10-11 March, 2015
U Agarwal, Z Cai, C. Clemons, B Illman, RJ Moon, W Nieh, A Rudie, R Sabo, G Schueneman, M Tshabalala, T Wegner, JY Zhu USDA Forest Service Forest Products Laboratory One Gifford Pinchot Drive Madison, WI 53726-2398 p: 608-231-9200
www.fpl.fs.fed.us
3
Why Cellulose Nanomaterials?
• Light/Stiff/Strong • Optical • Surface Chemistry
What can CNs do that no other nanoparticle can do?
• Few EHS Concerns • Renewable • Sustainable • Biodegradable
• High Production Potential • Low Cost Potential • US Source Local Jobs
Societal Needs Industry Healthy Forests
It is not one specific property that sets Nanocellulose apart
from the rest, rather the unique combination of
relevant characteristics that gives these materials utility
4
Why Cellulose Nanomaterials?
• Light/Stiff/Strong • Optical • Surface Chemistry
What can CNs do that no other nanoparticle can do?
• Few EHS Concerns • Renewable • Sustainable • Biodegradable
• High Production Potential • Low Cost Potential • US Source Local Jobs
Societal Needs Industry Healthy Forests
It is not one specific property that sets Nanocellulose apart
from the rest, rather the unique combination of
relevant characteristics that gives these materials utility
Helps USFS Fulfil its Mission: • “Caring for the Land and Serving People” • Goal: …to achieve quality land management under the sustainable multiple-use management concept to meet the diverse needs of people.
5
USFS-FPL -CN R&D
USFS
FPL
individual projects
• Broad Program Areas
• Broad R&D Platform Areas
• Scientist- ID specific Projects
• Partners- ID “Needs”
S S S S S S
P P
P P P P
P P P P
P
FPL Scientists - flexibility to pursue research within
the context of overarching USFS Priorities and Goals
6
Outline
• USFS • Snapshot • Summary
• FPL • Snapshot • Cellulose Nanomaterials R&D
• Drivers, Approach, Focus Areas • Research Areas
• Summary & Impact
• FPL Scientist Snapshots
Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs)
CNFs
CNCs Rod-like
Fibril-like
7
USFS- Snapshot Forests Essential • Climate control, CO2
• Clean water • Habitat • Products • Jobs
Program Areas • Fire • Forest Health • Invasive Species • Resource Mgmt/Use • Water/Air/Soil • Inventory & Monitoring…
USDA-FS • National Forest System • State & Private Forests • R&D
Forest Land in US • 751 million acers • >50% Private
Fire Hazard
Opportunity: • Remove dead wood • Make CNs from • Reduce fuel loading
R&D Focus Areas • Climate Change Adapt • Biomass & Bioenergy • Nanotechnology • Water Management • Urban Natural Resources
R&D Structure • 77 research units • 67 locations • 83 Exp. Forests • 370 Research Natural Areas • 500 Scientists • 3000 employees…
Guiding Principle: •Create Nat'l Wealth •Create Jobs • Solve Critical Forest
mgmt. Problems
•Healthy Forests
•Healthy Forest Products Industry
8
USFS -CNs R&D- Summary
• Drivers: • Wood utilization & products Jobs • Fire Reduction save lives, forests & $
• R&D Priority Areas: • Biomass & Bioenergy • Nanotechnology
• Activities: • In NNI since 2005 • Organizing workshops/roadmaps • Research Funding ~$4.5M/yr • Pilot Scale CN processing ~$3.2M • Public-Private Partnerships-
• FY2016 Budget Proposal: • $80M President’s budget • 2 Nat'l Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NNMI) institutes
• Cellulose Nanomaterials • Biomanufacturing and Bio-Based Products
9
Outline
• USFS • Snapshot • Summary
• FPL • Snapshot • Cellulose Nanomaterials R&D
• Drivers, Approach, Focus Areas • Research Areas
• Summary & Impact
• FPL Scientist Snapshots
Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs)
CNFs
CNCs Rod-like
Fibril-like
10
Forest Products Lab- Snapshot The Lab: • Established in 1910, - Madison, Wisconsin
• Largest Federal Forestry Research Lab • 45 Scientists, 155 total employees • $20M/yr budget, ~$4.5M/yr on Nano • ~10 Scientists on Nano
R&D Focus Areas: • Healthy & Sustainable Forests • Nanotechnology/Nano-materials • Advanced Structures/Green Building • Bioenergy/Biorefinery • Advanced Composites • Defense/Homeland Security Use of Wood-based Materials
(use of forest biomass from forest restoration,
fuels reduction, insect killed, invasive species,
etc.)
11
FPL -CNs R&D- The Drivers Healthy & Sustainable Forests: • Find use of low-value forest biomass • Develop Value-added Products • Large Volume Uses • In-Wood Processing • Support Local Businesses • Create Jobs in Rural America
FPL R&D must satisfy
USFS – Mission!
Industry Healthy Forests
FPI-Gov-Uni Research: Efficient Use of Renewable Resources
PULP WOOD HARVEST RESIDUE SAW LOGS
LUMBER
POWER
VA
LUE
MILL RESIDUE
PARTICLEBOARD
MDF
OSB
PARALAM
CONSTRUCTION PLYWOOD
HARDWOOD PLYWOOD
LVL
I-JOIST
GLULAM
CHEMICALS
COMPOSITE LUMBER
LIQUID FUEL
CELLULOSE NANOMATERIALS
FUEL PELLET
WOOD COST
PACKAGING
SCRIMBER
PRINTING PAPER
TISSUE
VENEER LOGS
USFS – CNs Perspective • Use lower cost wood
• Increase Value
13
FPL -CNs R&D- Approach Commercialization: • Develop Underlying Science & Technology (Platform Technologies) • Develop CN Supply (pilot plant facilities)
• Develop Partnerships (PPP) • Develop New Applications • Develop Road Maps to Advance Technologies
• Industry Consortium, Industry Associations, NNI, etc.
• Risk Reduction • Environment-Health-Safety • Develop Codes & Standards (for materials and new applications)
• Develop Market Studies for New Applications • Develop Generic Business Case Development
• Technology Readiness levels 1-3
• Generic Cellulose Nanomaterial
Platform Technologies
14
FPL -CNs R&D- Focus Areas Research/Development/Deployment: • Production of CNs for Research and Scale-up • Characterization • Surface Functionalization • CN-Composites • Organic/Inorganic Composites • Multi-Length Scale Modeling • Manipulation of Tree Cell Wall Architecture
• Broad areas of CN R&D…
• FPL Scientists - flexibility to pursue research within the context of
overarching USFS Priorities and Goals
Input:
FPL nanotech: http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/research/research_emphasis_areas/introduction.php?rea_id=4
15
Production Characterization Functionalization
Flexible Electronics Manufacturing
Composites Template Structures Separators/Barrier
FPL -CN R&D- Summary
• Particles & Comps
• Properties
•Distribution
• Interfaces
•Methods
• Sources
• Yields
•Drying
• …
• Dispersion
• Interface
• Durability
• New systems
• Structures
Predictive Modeling
Dri et al.
• 3-D Printing
•Roll-to-Roll
• Fibers
• Foams
• …
•Uniform coverage
•New Chemistries
•Oxygen
•Moisture
•Chemical
• …
• Printing
• Transfer
• …
Padalkar et al.
• Sacrificial
•Hybrid
•Hierarchical
•Mechanical
• Thermal
• Interface
• …
16
CNC-CNF Pilot Plants Scientists at Uni P3Nano
Road Mapping Partnerships
TAPPI Nano Publications Market Analysis
FPL -CN R&D- Impact
Workshops •USFS-NNI - 2014 • Industry, Academia, Fed
• 60+ peer review
• 1 book
• 50+ Conference
• 7+ patent apps
• Conference: 2007 – present
• Nanodivision
• Public-private Partnership
17
USFS Funded CN Pilot Plants CNC & CNF Pilot Plant
•2012, Forest Products Laboratory
•$1.7 Million
•CNC ~30kg/wk, batch process
•CNF ~ 5kg/wk, batch process
CNF Pilot Plant •2012, University Maine
•$1.5 Million
•Upgrade CNF Facilities
•1 ton/day, batch process
18
USFS Funded CN Pilot Plants CNC & CNF Pilot Plant
•2012, Forest Products Laboratory
•$1.7 Million
•CNC ~30kg/wk, batch process
•CNF ~ 5kg/wk, batch process
CNF Pilot Plant •2012, University Maine
•$1.5 Million
•Upgrade CNF Facilities
•1 ton/day, batch process
CN Distributed: April 2013 - Jan 2015
• 190+ private companies
• 90+ public research/academic institutions
• In 33 different countries
• CNF: > 5,500 lbs.
• CNC: > 350 lbs.
October 2007 Access to Purdue Facilities & Resources Member: Birck Nanotechnology Center Initiate Efforts in CN: 7 Faculty, 9 Students
19
Partnerships in Nanotechnology
October 2013 Access to GaTech Facilities & Resources Member: Renewable Bioproducts Institute Coordinate efforts Industry Cooperation
December 2013 P3Nano
•Public-Private Partnership • Strategic Planning •Risk Reduction •Pooling Resources
P3Nano a Public-Private Partnership -- Industry/Government/Academia
21
FPL -CN R&D- Summary
• Drivers: • Wood utilization & products Jobs • Value-added Products
• R&D Priority Areas: • Biomass & Bioenergy • Nanotechnology • Advanced Composites
• Activities: • Pilot Scale CN processing • Organizing workshops/roadmaps • Partnerships • Research • Organizing Conferences • FPL Scientists at Universities
• New FPL Sci. at:
22
Outline
• USFS • Snapshot • Summary
• FPL • Snapshot • Cellulose Nanomaterials R&D
• Drivers, Approach, Focus Areas • Research Areas
• Summary & Impact
• FPL Scientist Snapshots
Cellulose Nanomaterials (CNs)
CNFs
CNCs Rod-like
Fibril-like
23
FPL Scientists doing CN R&D • Umesh Agarwal
• http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=147
• Zhiyong Cai • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=137
• Craig Clemons • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=138
• Barbara Illman • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=161
• Robert J Moon • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=185
• Alan Rudie • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=145
• Ron Sabo • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=141
• Greg Schueneman • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=221
• Mandla Tshabalala • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=189
• JunYong Zhu • http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/people/bios/employee_level_bio.php?employee_id=160
(partial list)
24
Ramie Ramie
Thank you for your Attention To learn more about Cellulose Nanomaterials “State of the Art”
Review Papers: Contact Me:
R J Moon, Chemical Society Reviews.(2011). DOI:10.1039/C0CS00108B
http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/
Websites:
http://www.tappinano.org/